Aquaculture ecosystem and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture systems, in particular to an aquaculture ecosystem and a control method thereof.The aquaculture ecosystem comprises a culture pond, a water circulation system, a water temperature regulation and control system, a water quality monitoring system and a control system, and is characterized in that a water inlet for introducing purified clear water and a water outlet for discharging sewage are formed in the two ends of the culture pond respectively; the two ends of the water circulation system are connected with the water inlet and the water outlet respectively, the water circulation system is used for purifying sewage at the water outlet and then discharging the sewage into the culture pond from the water inlet, and a migration fishway for simulating fish migration is arranged in the water circulation system. The device can simulate complex and changeable water body flow in a natural environment, provides growth conditions closer to the natural environment for migratory fishes, and promotes physiological functions, growth and development and reproduction behaviors of the migratory fishes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture systems, and in particular to an aquaculture ecosystem and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of aquaculture, artificial breeding ecosystems for different fish habits have emerged. For fish with migratory habits, such as salmon and eels, their growth and reproduction have strict requirements on environmental factors such as water temperature, water quality and water flow. In the existing technology, it is possible to achieve precise control of water temperature and water quality, for example, through circulating water systems, temperature control systems, etc., to provide a suitable growth environment for migratory fish, thereby greatly improving their production and breeding efficiency.

[0003] For example, the patent "A method for fattening two-year-old American shad in a migratory earthen pond greenhouse overwintering" with publication number CN108552090A consists of the construction of an earthen pond greenhouse and pond preparation, stocking of sub-adult fish, bait and feeding, water quality management, migratory salinity increase and decrease, stocking of silver carp, water temperature adjustment, and catching and marketing. The outstanding advantages of the invention are: simulating the natural ecological migration of American shad, increasing the water temperature of the pond in winter by covering with plastic film, increasing the salinity of the pond water, etc., to improve the fat content, fatness and freshness of the muscle of the two-year-old American shad overwintering, so that the taste of the American shad after wintering is closer to that of wild American shad, and improving the muscle quality of the American shad after wintering. It is easy to operate, does not require sophisticated operations, does not require systematic training, is easy to be accepted and promoted by people, and is suitable for large-scale production.

[0004] However, there are still obvious gaps in the simulation of water flow. In the natural environment, migratory fish need to undergo long-distance migration, during which they will experience water environments with different flow rates and directions. This stimulation of water flow is crucial to their physiological functions, growth and development, and reproductive behavior. However, most existing aquaculture systems use static or simple circulating water flow patterns, which cannot simulate the complex and changeable water flow in the natural environment. As a result, migratory fish are prone to slow growth, gonadal dysplasia, low reproduction rate and other problems in artificial breeding environments, which limits the further improvement of their breeding benefits. Summary of the invention

[0005] In response to the above problems, this application proposes a migratory fish farming ecosystem that simulates the flow of natural water bodies, which can be used to study the growth habits of migratory fish, improve the success rate of migratory fish farming, and enhance farming efficiency.

[0006] An aquaculture ecosystem comprises a culture pond, a water circulation system, a water temperature control system, a water quality monitoring system and a control system, wherein the culture pond is provided with a water inlet for introducing purified clean water and a water outlet for discharging sewage at both ends, the water circulation system is connected to the water inlet and the water outlet at both ends, the water circulation system is used to purify the sewage at the outlet and then discharge it into the culture pond from the water inlet, and the water circulation system is provided with a migratory fishway for simulating fish migration.

[0007] Preferably, the migratory fishway includes a channel connected to a water inlet and a water outlet respectively, a bottom base located in the channel, a curved slope and a water pump, wherein the bottom base is located below the waterline of the channel, and the bottom base is provided with a curved slope higher than the water surface of the channel, the curved slope divides the channel into two sections that do not contact each other, and the bottom base is provided with a water pump for pumping water on the outlet side to the top of the curved slope.

[0008] Preferably, the water inlet position of the water inlet pipe of the water pump is located at the bottom of the channel on the side of the water outlet to reduce the interference of the water flow rate near the water inlet pipe on the fish. A filter is provided at the entrance of the water inlet pipe to improve the efficiency of the water pump.

[0009] Preferably, a top water storage tank is provided at the top of the curved slope for improving the stability of water flow on the surface of the curved slope.

[0010] Preferably, a partition for reducing the flow rate in the top water storage tank is provided in the top water storage tank, and a plurality of through holes penetrating the partition are provided on the end surface of the partition.

[0011] Preferably, the water circulation system also includes an oxygen pump, which is a compression vacuum pump. The oxygen pump is used to inject bubbles into the water to increase the water depth on both sides of the curved slope. The air outlet of the oxygen pump is connected to the top water storage tank, and the air outlet of the oxygen pump is located below the partition.

[0012] Preferably, the outer surface of the curved slope facing the water outlet is provided with a water blocking weir protruding from the curved slope surface, and the water blocking weir is used to slow down the flow rate of water on the curved slope facing the water outlet.

[0013] Preferably, the top surface of the curved slope is covered with a PVC anti-seepage membrane.

[0014] A control method applied to the above aquaculture ecosystem:

[0015] When the migratory fishway is activated, open the water inlet and outlet on both sides of the breeding pond and start the water pump;

[0016] Observe the migratory fish that swim upstream from the water inlet into the channel. The water flows downward from both sides of the curved slope. When the water depth on both sides of the curved slope is lower than the depth required for migratory fish to swim, increase the power of the water pump and start the oxygen pump to increase the water depth on both sides of the curved slope so that the migratory fish can swim up the curved slope to complete the migratory action.

[0017] Observe the migratory fish swimming upstream from the water inlet into the channel. When the water flows downward from both sides of the curved slope and the water velocity on both sides of the curved slope is too high and the migratory fish cannot swim upstream, reduce the power of the water pump and start the oxygen pump to reduce the flow velocity on both sides of the curved slope so that the migratory fish can swim up the curved slope to complete the migratory action.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. By setting up a water flow simulation system, the complex and changeable water flow in the natural environment can be simulated, providing migratory fish with growth conditions closer to the natural environment, and promoting their physiological functions, growth and development, and reproductive behavior.

[0020] 2. Integrate the oxygen pump into the migratory fishway, and use the principle of injecting gas into the water to form bubbles to increase the overall volume of the water body without increasing the weight of the water body to facilitate fish migration, which can effectively improve the success rate of migratory fish and enhance aquaculture benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below; in all drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar figure marks; in the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the migratory flow direction of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the operating principle of the migratory fishway of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1. Breeding pond; 2. Water inlet; 3. Water outlet; 4. Water circulation system; 5. Migratory fishway; 51. Bottom base; 52. Water pump; 53. Curved slope; 54. Water inlet pipe; 55. Top water storage tank; 56. Partition; 57. Water blocking weir; 58. Filter; 59. Oxygen pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Combine the following Figure 1 to Figure 2 , introduces an aquaculture ecosystem proposed by the present invention

[0027] 1. Construction of breeding pond 1

[0028] The breeding pond 1 is designed in a rectangular shape, and the length and width are determined according to the type and quantity of the cultured fish. An impermeable membrane is laid on the bottom of the pond to prevent water leakage.

[0029] The two ends of the breeding pond 1 are respectively provided with an inlet 2 and an outlet 3, the inlet 2 is connected to the purified clean water supply system, and the outlet 3 is connected to the sewage treatment system. It is worth noting that the shape of the breeding pond 1 should not be limited to a rectangle, and any shape is also possible, but the inlet 2 and the outlet 3 are set at the farthest end of the geometric shape as much as possible.

[0030] 2. Installation of water circulation system 4

[0031] The water circulation system 4 includes water pumps, filters, ultraviolet disinfectors and other equipment to ensure the cleanliness of water during the water circulation process.

[0032] The migratory fishway 5 is arranged in the water circulation system 4 to simulate the water flow conditions of fish migration in the natural environment.

[0033] 3. Configuration of water temperature control system

[0034] The water temperature control system includes heaters and coolers to adjust the water temperature according to the season and fish growth needs.

[0035] The temperature sensor monitors the water temperature in real time and feeds the data back to the control system for automatic adjustment.

[0036] Setting up water quality monitoring system

[0037] The water quality monitoring system includes pH sensors, dissolved oxygen sensors, ammonia nitrogen sensors, etc. to monitor water quality parameters in real time.

[0038] The monitoring data is transmitted wirelessly to the control system to realize automatic alarm and adjustment of abnormal water quality.

[0039] Control system integration

[0040] The control system adopts a PLC controller, which integrates functions such as water temperature control, water quality monitoring, and water circulation.

[0041] Specific implementation of migratory fishway 5: water flow direction Figure 1 As shown by the middle arrow, the migratory direction of the migrating fish is opposite to the direction of the water flow.

[0042] The migratory fishway 5 is composed of a channel, a bottom base 51, a curved slope 53 and a water pump 52. The channel connects the water inlet 2 and the water outlet 3, the bottom base 51 is located below the waterline of the channel, and the curved slope 53 is higher than the water surface of the channel, dividing the channel into two sections.

[0043] The water pump 52 pumps the water on the side of the water outlet 3 to the top of the curved slope 53, and the water is left on both sides of the top of the curved slope 53. As long as the flow rate of the water pump 52 is greater than the flow rate flowing down from the curved slope 53 to the side of the water outlet 3, a directional flow can be formed in the migratory fishway 5 to simulate the natural migratory environment. At the same time, because the migratory fishway 5 and the breeding pond 1 are in a connected relationship, a continuous internal circulation can be formed. In some embodiments, oxygenation, water quality, feeding, filtration and other operations can be performed in the migratory fishway 5, so as to maintain the stability of the ecosystem in the breeding pond 1 as much as possible, especially to reduce the noise and vibration of the electrical equipment on the fish in the breeding pond 1. The layout position of the water inlet pipe 54 should also reduce the impact on the migration of the fish as much as possible.

[0044] A top water storage tank 55 is provided on the top of the cambered slope 53 to improve the stability of the water flow. A partition 56 is provided in the water storage tank to reduce the flow rate and facilitate fish to swim upstream.

[0045] The oxygen pump 59 injects bubbles into the water, which increases the water depth on both sides of the cambered slope 53 without increasing the weight of the water, making it easier for fish to swim. At the same time, it is also beneficial to increase the oxygen content of the water and improve the enthusiasm of fish to migrate.

[0046] The outer surface of the curved slope 53 facing the water outlet 3 is provided with a water blocking weir 57, which can slow down the flow rate of water flow and facilitate fish to swim upstream. The water blocking weir 57 can make the flow from the top water storage tank 55 to the water outlet 3 side less than the flow to the water inlet 2 side.

[0047] In the experiment, the behavioral responses of fish were observed by simulating the migration process. High-speed video equipment was used to record the success rate of migratory fish in upstream flow at different water flow rates (mainly 0.5m / s and 1.0m / s). Data analysis showed that:

[0048] At a flow rate of 0.5 m / s, the migration success rate reaches 90%.

[0049] At a flow rate of 1.0 m / s, the success rate dropped to 65%.

[0050] In addition, by adding an oxygen enrichment device to the migratory fishway 5, it was found that the activity frequency of fish increased, and they showed better activity and health status overall.

[0051] Effect of oxygen pump 59 adjustment on fish upstream ability

[0052] The working time and operating efficiency of the oxygen pump 59 also need to be evaluated regularly. The experimental results show that by properly operating the oxygen pump 59 and maintaining an appropriate oxygen content (above 5 mg / L), the enthusiasm of fish to swim upstream and migrate can be significantly improved. The data comparison is as follows:

[0053] Current stage: After oxygenation, the proportion of fish swimming upstream has reached 85%

[0054] Unoxygenated stage: countercurrent ratio is less than 50%

[0055] The top surface of the curved slope 53 is covered with a PVC anti-seepage membrane, which can prevent water leakage and reduce the friction between the fish and the top surface of the curved slope 53 when the fish migrate, thereby reducing damage.

[0056] Here is an implementation of an aquaculture ecosystem control method:

[0057] When the migratory fishway 5 is activated, the water inlet 2 and the water outlet 3 on both sides of the culture pond 1 are opened, and the water pump 52 is started.

[0058] Observe the migratory fish that swim upstream from the water inlet 2 and enter the channel. The water flows downward from both sides of the cambered slope 53. When the water depth on both sides of the cambered slope 53 is lower than the depth required for the migratory fish to swim, the power of the water pump 52 is increased and the oxygen pump 59 is started, thereby increasing the water depth on both sides of the cambered slope 53 so that the migratory fish can swim up the cambered slope 53 to complete the migratory action.

[0059] Observe the migratory fish that swim upstream from the water inlet 2 and enter the channel. The water flows downward from both sides of the cambered slope 53. When the water flow velocity on both sides of the cambered slope 53 is too large and the migratory fish cannot swim upstream, the power of the water pump 52 is reduced and the oxygen pump 59 is started, thereby reducing the flow velocity on both sides of the cambered slope 53 so that the migratory fish can swim up the cambered slope 53 to complete the migratory action.

[0060] in conclusion

[0061] The present invention constructs an aquaculture ecosystem that simulates a natural migratory environment, effectively solving the problem in the prior art that complex water flows cannot be simulated, thereby improving the growth rate, gonad development and reproduction rate of migratory fish, and having significant economic and ecological benefits.

[0062] It is worth explaining that the present application is only to increase the water dynamic conditions for migration in the closed breeding system, that is, to allow the water flow to form a unidirectional circulation flow. The simulated bottom soil, caves, aquatic plants and other environments required for migration, as well as the sand, aquatic plants, flow rate and other conditions that floating eggs and sticky eggs need to adhere to, are not exclusive to the technical solution of the present application and are technical solutions that can be linearly superimposed.

[0063] It should be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms “include” and “comprises” indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof;

[0064] It should also be understood that the terms used in the present specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention; as used in the present specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise;

[0065] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the present description and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

Claims

1. An aquaculture ecosystem, comprising a culture pond (1), a water circulation system (4), a water temperature control system, a water quality monitoring system and a control system, characterized in that: The two ends of the culture pond (1) are respectively provided with a water inlet (2) for introducing purified clean water and a water outlet (3) for discharging sewage. The two ends of the water circulation system (4) are respectively connected to the water inlet (2) and the water outlet (3). The water circulation system (4) is used to purify the sewage at the water outlet (3) and then discharge it into the culture pond (1) from the water inlet (2). The water circulation system (4) is provided with a migratory fishway (5) for simulating fish migration.

2. An aquaculture ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The migratory fishway (5) comprises a channel connected to a water inlet (2) and a water outlet (3) respectively, a bottom base (51) located in the channel, a curved slope (53) and a water pump (52), wherein the bottom base (51) is located below the waterline of the channel, the bottom base (51) is provided with a curved slope (53) which is higher than the water surface of the channel, the curved slope (53) divides the channel into two sections which are not in contact with each other, and the bottom base (51) is provided with a water pump (52) for pumping water on the side of the water outlet (3) to the top of the curved slope (53).

3. An aquaculture ecosystem according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water inlet position of the water inlet pipe (54) of the water pump (52) is located at the bottom of the channel on one side of the water outlet (3), and a filter screen (58) is provided at the inlet of the water inlet pipe (54).

4. An aquaculture ecosystem according to claim 2, characterized in that: A top water storage tank (55) is provided at the top of the cambered slope (53) for improving the stability of water flow on the surface of the cambered slope (53).

5. An aquaculture ecosystem according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top water storage tank (55) is provided with a partition (56) for reducing the flow velocity in the top water storage tank (55), and the end surface of the partition (56) is provided with a plurality of through holes penetrating the partition (56).

6. An aquaculture ecosystem according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water circulation system (4) further comprises an oxygen pump (59), which is a compression air pump. The oxygen pump (59) is used to inject bubbles into the water to increase the water depth on both sides of the curved slope (53). The air outlet of the oxygen pump (59) is connected to the top water storage tank (55), and the air outlet of the oxygen pump (59) is located below the partition (56).

7. An aquaculture ecosystem according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer surface of the side of the curved slope (53) facing the water outlet (3) is provided with a water blocking weir (57) protruding from the surface of the curved slope (53), and the water blocking weir (57) is used to slow down the flow rate of water on the side of the curved slope (53) facing the water outlet (3).

8. An aquaculture ecosystem according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top surface of the curved slope (53) is covered with a PVC anti-seepage membrane.

9. A method for controlling an aquaculture ecosystem according to any one of claim 18, characterized in that: When the migratory fishway (5) is activated, the water inlet (2) and the water outlet (3) on both sides of the culture pond (1) are opened, and the water pump (52) is started; Observe the migratory fish swimming upstream from the water inlet (2) into the channel. The water flows downward from both sides of the curved slope (53). When the water depth on both sides of the curved slope (53) is lower than the depth required for the migratory fish to swim, increase the power of the water pump (52) and start the oxygen pump (59), thereby increasing the water depth on both sides of the curved slope (53) so that the migratory fish can swim up the curved slope (53) to complete the migratory action. When migratory fish swim upstream from the water inlet (2) and enter the channel, water flows downward from both sides of the curved slope (53). When the water flow velocity on both sides of the curved slope (53) is too high and the migratory fish cannot swim upstream, the power of the water pump (52) is reduced and the oxygen pump (59) is started, thereby reducing the flow velocity on both sides of the curved slope (53) so that the migratory fish can swim up the curved slope (53) to complete the migratory action.

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