Personnel vital sign and radiation dose monitor and monitoring method

Abstract

The invention discloses a personnel vital sign and radiation dose monitor and a monitoring method.The vital sign and radiation dose monitor is wearable equipment, and a control module, a display module, a power module, a vital sign monitoring module, a radiation dose monitoring module, a storage module and a communication module are arranged in the wearable equipment; the display module, the power supply module, the vital sign monitoring module, the radiation dose monitoring module, the storage module and the communication module are all electrically connected with the control module, and the monitoring method is based on a FreeRTOS system and adopts a software layered architecture to monitor vital signs and radiation doses. A high-precision sensor is integrated to monitor physiological and environmental parameters such as heart rate, blood oxygen, step number, body temperature, air pressure, underwater depth and environmental water temperature in real time, personal X-ray and gamma-ray radiation dose rates can be monitored at the same time, and real-time sensing and evaluation of a radiation environment are provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of vital sign monitoring, and in particular relates to a personnel vital sign and radiation dose monitor. Background Art

[0002] Modern special operations personnel face great physical and psychological pressure when performing high-risk tasks, such as technical diving and other operations in complex environments. Moreover, these tasks require special operations personnel to maintain high alertness and continuous physical adaptability in extreme environments, so it is necessary to accurately monitor and record key physiological parameters, including heart rate, body temperature, underwater depth and water temperature.

[0003] Traditional diver life support equipment mainly includes air supply systems and diving suits. Although these equipment provide basic life support and protection functions, they cannot meet the needs of real-time data monitoring in special missions. Especially in high-risk environments, such as radiation areas or deep-sea operations, there is a lack of effective real-time monitoring systems. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses a personnel vital signs and radiation dose monitor and a monitoring method.

[0005] The specific plan is as follows:

[0006] A personnel vital signs and radiation dose monitor, which is a wearable device. A control module, a display module, a power module, a vital signs monitoring module, a radiation dose monitoring module, a storage module and a communication module are arranged in the wearable device. The display module, the power module, the vital signs monitoring module, the radiation dose monitoring module, the storage module and the communication module are all electrically connected to the control module.

[0007] The radiation dose monitoring module includes a radiation dose monitoring unit, which is communicatively connected to the control module via a UART serial port. The radiation dose monitoring unit includes a cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detection crystal, a charge-sensitive preamplifier, a multi-channel amplitude discriminator, a radiation dose monitoring MCU and a low-noise bias power supply. The low-noise bias power supply supplies power to the cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detection crystal and the radiation dose monitoring MCU. The cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detection crystal is electrically connected to the charge-sensitive preamplifier, the charge-sensitive preamplifier is electrically connected to the multi-channel amplitude discriminator, the multi-channel amplitude discriminator is electrically connected to the radiation dose monitoring MCU, and the radiation dose monitoring MCU is electrically connected to the control module via the UART serial port.

[0008] The wearable device is a dial-type wearable device, and the dial-type wearable device includes a strap and a shell, and the strap and the shell are detachably connected. The vital signs monitoring module includes a barometer and a temperature sensor, and the barometer and the temperature sensor are both communicatively connected to the control module via I2C. The temperature sensor includes a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, and a third temperature sensor. The first temperature sensor is arranged at the bottom of the shell, and a heat-conducting metal is arranged at the bottom of the shell and at a position corresponding to the first temperature sensor. The heat-conducting metal is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shell, and the second temperature sensor is arranged with heat-conducting silica gel, and the second temperature sensor is fixedly connected to the shell via the heat-conducting silica gel. The third temperature sensor is a temperature sensor built into the barometer, and the third temperature sensor is in contact with the environment. The barometer is fixed to one side of the shell, and the barometer is used to monitor the diving depth.

[0009] The vital signs monitoring module also includes a PPG sensor and an acceleration sensor, both of which are connected to the control module through SPI communication, the acceleration sensor is used to monitor the number of steps of the human body, the PPG sensor is used to monitor the heart rate and blood oxygen of the human body, the PPG sensor includes an optical front end and a PPG analog front end chip, the optical front end includes a light emitting diode and a PG receiving diode, the light emitting diode and the PG receiving diode are both electrically connected to the PPG analog front end chip, and the PPG analog front end chip is used to control the light emission of the light emitting diode and the processing and AD conversion of the PG signal.

[0010] The control module is connected to the display module through SPI communication, and the display module includes a color display module, which is a color semi-reflective and semi-transparent display screen, and the color display module is a touch screen. The detector is also provided with a button, and the button is electrically connected to the control module. The button or the touch screen is used for human-computer interaction with the display module. The display module is provided with a human-computer interaction interface, and the human-computer interaction interface includes a standby mode interface and a working mode interface. The working mode interface displays time, data status, battery power, heart rate, blood oxygen, body temperature, water depth and ambient temperature, and the standby mode interface includes time, data status and battery power.

[0011] The power module includes a power management unit, a charging interface and a battery. The charging interface is a 4PIN magnetic contact interface and is communicatively connected to the control unit. An electrostatic / surge protection circuit is also provided at the charging interface. The charging interface is electrically connected to the power management unit through the electrostatic\surge protection circuit. The power management unit is communicatively connected to the control unit through I2C. The power management unit is also electrically connected to the battery. The power management unit includes a linear battery charger and a power output for power path management. The power output includes two buck regulators BUCK and three LDO linear regulators. The buck regulators BUCK and the LDO linear regulators are both electrically connected to the MCU. The linear charger of the power path management unit is used to select charging interface power supply or battery power supply.

[0012] The communication module includes a wireless transceiver unit, the wireless transceiver unit is connected to the control module through a UART serial port, the storage module is connected to the control module through an SPI, and the control module is an MCU.

[0013] A monitoring method for a personnel vital sign and radiation dose monitor is based on a FreeRTOS system and adopts a software layered architecture to monitor vital signs and radiation doses. The software layered architecture includes a hardware layer, a hardware abstraction layer, an intermediate layer and an application layer, wherein the application layer includes a human-computer interaction interface, a water depth measurement algorithm, a body temperature measurement algorithm, an ambient temperature measurement algorithm and a heart rate measurement, the intermediate layer includes a GUI interface, data storage and a FreeRTOS system, the hardware abstraction layer includes an I2C drive read-write sensor or an SPI drive read-write sensor, and the hardware layer includes a control module, a display module, a power module, a vital sign monitoring module, a radiation dose monitoring module, a storage module and a communication module.

[0014] The body temperature measurement algorithm comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1): The controller module obtains a temperature value T1 of a first temperature sensor and a temperature value T2 of a second temperature sensor;

[0016] S2): The control module calculates the human body temperature value T according to the single-channel heat flow model. 体温 , the human body temperature value T 体温 The calculation formula is

[0017]

[0018] Among them, T 体温is the human body temperature value, R1 is the thermal resistance from the inside of the body to the skin surface, ΔR is the thermal resistance between the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, T1 is the temperature value of the human skin collected by the first temperature sensor, and T2 is the ambient temperature value collected by the second temperature sensor;

[0019] The ambient temperature measurement algorithm comprises the following steps:

[0020] P1): The control module calibrates the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor;

[0021] P2): The control module obtains the actual temperature value TS2 of the second temperature sensor after calibration and the actual temperature value TS3 of the third temperature sensor after calibration;

[0022] P3): comparing whether the absolute value of the difference between the actual temperature value TS2 of the second temperature sensor after calibration and the actual temperature value TS3 of the third temperature sensor after calibration is less than or equal to 0.3;

[0023] If it is less than or equal to 0.3, calculate the actual ambient temperature value T 环境 , the actual ambient temperature value T 环境 The calculation formula is: |TS2-TS3|≤0.3;

[0024] Calibrating the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor includes the following steps:

[0025] P11): Place the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor in a constant temperature water bath at 0°C, and obtain the temperature measurement value T of the second temperature sensor at 0°C. 2_0 and the temperature measurement value T of the third temperature sensor 3_0 At the same time, the temperature measurement value T of the second temperature sensor at 0°C 2_0 and the temperature measurement value T of the third temperature sensor 3_0 Write to flash;

[0026] P12): Place the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor in a constant temperature water bath at 40°C, and obtain the temperature measurement value T of the second temperature sensor at 40°C. 2_40 and the temperature measurement value T of the third temperature sensor 3_40 At the same time, the temperature measurement value T of the second temperature sensor at 40°C 2_40 and the temperature measurement value T of the third temperature sensor 3_40 Write to flash,

[0027] The calculation formula for the actual temperature value TS2 of the second temperature sensor after calibration is: Wherein, T2 is the ambient temperature value collected by the second temperature sensor, K2=(T 2_40 -T 2_0 ) / (40-0);

[0028] The calculation formula of the actual temperature value TS3 of the third temperature sensor after calibration is: Wherein, T3 is the ambient temperature value collected by the third temperature sensor, K3=(T 3_40 -T 3_0 ) / (40-0).

[0029] The water depth measurement algorithm comprises the following steps:

[0030] M1): using a barometer to collect an underwater pressure value P and a third temperature sensor inside the barometer to collect an underwater temperature value T3;

[0031] M2) using linear wave theory to calculate the air pressure value Δp affected by the environment; and calculating the underwater absolute pressure value P0 after removing the air pressure value Δp affected by the environment;

[0032] M3): Substitute the current underwater temperature value T3 and the underwater absolute pressure P0 collected by the third temperature sensor into the temperature and pressure table to query the accurate water depth information;

[0033] The temperature and pressure table is a quadratic fitting water depth and pressure comparison table corresponding to different temperatures obtained in advance under laboratory conditions;

[0034] The calculation formula of the air pressure value Δp affected by the environment is:

[0035]

[0036] Where H is the wave height, ρ is the density of water, g is the acceleration of gravity, k represents the wave number, z represents the underwater depth, h represents the ocean depth, x represents the displacement in the direction of the traveling wave, w represents the frequency of the traveling wave, and t represents the time.

[0037] Under deep water conditions, coshk(z+h) / cosh kh in the above formula can be approximated as:

[0038]

[0039] Therefore, Δp can be approximately equivalent to:

[0040] Δp=ρgη(x,t)e kz

[0041] In the formula,

[0042] The monitor also includes an over-threshold warning method, which includes a light warning and a vibration warning. The light warning is to issue a warning reminder through the background color of the display module, and the vibration warning is to issue a warning through a vibrator.

[0043] The present invention discloses a personnel vital sign and radiation dose monitor and a monitoring method, which not only integrates high-precision sensors for real-time monitoring of heart rate, blood oxygen, number of steps, body temperature, air pressure, underwater depth and ambient water temperature physiological and environmental parameters, but also can simultaneously monitor personal X-ray and gamma-ray radiation dose rates, and provide real-time perception and evaluation of the radiation environment; the monitor is wearable in design, the equipment is light, and does not affect the flexibility and safety of the operators; the monitor can continuously and dynamically collect, process, display and transmit these data through data processing and encrypted transmission technology, so as to ensure that special situation personnel can obtain accurate physiological status and radiation exposure information in time during the operation; the introduction of this monitor improves the safety and efficiency of special situation operations, and provides necessary real-time data support and information security for task execution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the terminal body of the personnel vital sign and radiation dose monitor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a personnel vital sign and radiation dose monitor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 A circuit block diagram of a personnel vital sign and radiation dose monitor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 It is an interactive interface of a personnel vital sign and radiation dose monitor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 A block diagram of a power management solution according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 A block diagram of a method for measuring body temperature / ambient temperature according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the position of a temperature sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 The temperature sensor production line calibration process of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Fig. 9 This is a block diagram of the PPG hardware architecture of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.10A block diagram of a water depth measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of a water depth calculation algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Fig.12 This is a principle block diagram of a radiation dose monitoring module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Fig.13 This is a software architecture diagram of an intelligent terminal for a personnel vital sign and radiation dose monitor according to an embodiment of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the implementation of the present invention, not all of the implementations. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] The present invention refers to environmental adaptability tests such as GJB150.3A-2009, GJB150.23A-2009, and GJB150.11A-2009 to meet the adaptability of high-risk and underwater environments.

[0059] The present invention provides a personnel vital signs and radiation dose monitor, which can provide comprehensive physiological monitoring and radiation exposure management for HJ special operation personnel, and has the functions of real-time monitoring of the wearer's heart rate, blood oxygen, body temperature, X / γ personal dose rate and other physiological indicators and environmental indicators such as ambient air pressure, ambient temperature, water depth, etc., as well as real-time display of monitoring data, data storage, data export, and over-threshold warning. Figures 1 to 13 The personnel vital signs and radiation dose monitor provided in this embodiment is described in detail.

[0060] See also Figure 1 As shown, the vital sign and radiation dose monitor is a wearable device, and the wearable device is a dial-type wearable device. Figure 1 (a1) is a front view of a dial-type wearable device. Figure 1 (a2) is a schematic diagram of the back of the dial-type wearable device. The dial-type wearable device includes a strap 12 and a housing 1, and a control module, a display module, a power module, a vital sign monitoring module, a radiation dose monitoring module, a storage module and a communication module are arranged in the wearable device. Figures 2 to 3 shown.

[0061] The control module includes an MCU, which is used to receive, process and analyze vital sign data and radiation dose data and generate monitoring results. The MCU can obtain the data collected by the vital sign monitoring module and the radiation dose monitoring module, calculate the heart rate, blood oxygen, body temperature, air pressure, ambient temperature, X / γ radiation dose and other indicators through the corresponding algorithm, and transmit the calculation results to the display module for display and to the storage module for storage.

[0062] The display module is used to display the monitoring results in real time and provide user interaction. The display module can display various measurement data and information. The display module is provided with a touch screen. The detector is also provided with a button 16, such as Figure 1 As shown, the button 16 is electrically connected to the control module, and the button 16 or the touch screen is used for human-computer interaction with the display module, and the display module can be interacted with through the touch screen or the button 16; the MCU can control the screen display and switch the display content of the display module through the serial peripheral interface (Serial Peripheral Interface, SPI).

[0063] Furthermore, the display module shown includes a color display module 15, and the color display module 15 is a 1.28-inch color semi-reflective and semi-transmissive display screen. The semi-reflective and semi-transmissive liquid crystal screen combines the advantages of reflective and transmissive display modes, and can ensure the normal use of the liquid crystal screen in outdoor sunny environments and indoors at night by adjusting the working states of the reflective area and the transmissive area. When the ambient light is relatively dark, the light of the backlight source passes through the transmissive area and is displayed in a transmissive manner; when the ambient light is relatively bright, the backlight source is turned off, and the external light is reflected in the reflective area and displayed in a reflective manner. Moreover, the semi-reflective and semi-transmissive display has the advantage of low power consumption.

[0064] Furthermore, a human-computer interaction interface is provided on the display module, see Figure 4 The human-computer interaction interface can be set to two modes: standby interface and working interface, which can increase the working life of each sensor system. The working mode interface of the interactive interface displays key information such as time, data status, battery power, and important indicator parameters such as heart rate, blood oxygen, body temperature, water depth, and ambient temperature. Figure 4 The standby mode interface only displays key information such as time, data status, and battery power. Figure 4 As shown in (b2) in .

[0065] The power module includes a power management unit, a charging interface and a battery. The charging interface has power supply and wired data transmission functions. The charging interface can charge the battery when connected to the charger, and can also perform wired data transmission with a data platform or data terminal equipment through the charging interface. An electrostatic / surge protection circuit is also provided at the charging interface, and the charging interface is electrically connected to the power management unit through the electrostatic\surge protection circuit.

[0066] The power management unit can provide power for the entire system and is connected to the MCU through the Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C).

[0067] Further, the battery management solution block diagram of the power management unit of the power module can be found in Figure 5 , including a linear battery charger with power path management and multiple power outputs, the power outputs include two ultra-low quiescent current buck regulators (BUCK) and three ultra-low quiescent current low dropout (LDO) linear regulators, each regulated voltage has ultra-low quiescent current, and two synchronous high-efficiency BUCKs have variable frequency mode to improve efficiency during light load operation. Each of the three configurable LDOs has a dedicated input pin, and each LDO regulator output voltage can be controlled by the MCU to output, and is pre-configured by default.

[0068] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown in (a1), the charging interface of the power module adopts a 4PIN magnetic interface 13. A pair of magnets are installed in the meter body, and the S / N polarities are opposite, corresponding to the polarities of attraction of the charging stand, which can not only meet the adsorption requirements, but also play an anti-mistake function, which can prevent the problem of non-charging or circuit damage caused by reverse connection of the charging interface.

[0069] The vital signs monitoring module includes a barometer 9, a temperature sensor, a PPG sensor 14 and an acceleration sensor, which are used to monitor and record the vital signs data and environmental data of the human body. The vital signs data include heart rate, blood oxygen, number of steps, and body temperature, and the environmental data include ambient air pressure, ambient temperature, and water depth.

[0070] Among them, the barometer 9 and the temperature sensor exchange data with the MCU through I2C, the barometer is used to monitor the ambient air pressure information, and the temperature sensor is used to monitor the human body temperature and ambient temperature; the PPG sensor 14 and the acceleration sensor exchange data with the MCU through SPI, the PPG sensor 14 is used to monitor the human heart rate and blood oxygen, and the acceleration sensor is used to monitor the number of steps of the human body.

[0071] Furthermore, the vital signs monitoring module uses three temperature sensors to monitor human body temperature and ambient temperature. The measurement method block diagram is shown in Figure 6 , see the temperature sensor location diagram Figure 7The temperature sensor includes a first temperature sensor 5, a second temperature sensor 11 and a third temperature sensor. The first temperature sensor 5 is arranged at the bottom of the shell 1. A heat-conducting metal 2 is arranged at the bottom of the shell 1 and at a position corresponding to the first temperature sensor 5. The heat-conducting metal 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shell. In this embodiment, the heat-conducting metal 2 is fixedly connected to the shell 1 through a first adhesive 3. The center of the heat-conducting metal 2 is fixedly connected to the first temperature sensor 5 through a second adhesive 4. The heat-conducting metal 2 contacts the human skin. The first temperature sensor 5 is electrically connected to the PCB board 8 in the shell 1 through a flexible circuit board FPC 6. A battery 7 is arranged on the PCB board 8, and the battery 7 is electrically connected to the PCB board 8.

[0072] like Figure 7 As shown in (c2), the second temperature sensor 11 is provided with a thermally conductive silicone 10, and the second temperature sensor 11 is fixedly connected to the shell through the thermally conductive silicone 10. The third temperature sensor is a temperature sensor built into the barometer 9, and the third temperature sensor is in contact with the environment. The barometer 9 is fixed to one side of the shell, and the barometer is used to monitor the diving depth.

[0073] The embodiment of the present invention adopts the first temperature sensor 5 and the second temperature sensor 11 to monitor human body temperature, and cooperates with the ambient temperature elimination algorithm to achieve accurate body temperature measurement, and the human body temperature measurement accuracy is ≤±0.3℃ (20~42℃); the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor are used to monitor the ambient temperature, and the ambient temperature measurement accuracy is guaranteed by the temperature calibration algorithm, and the ambient temperature measurement accuracy is ≤±0.3℃ (-20~85℃).

[0074] like Figure 7 As shown, the first temperature sensor 5 is located at the bottom of the shell of the personnel vital signs and radiation dose monitoring instrument, and can contact the skin through the thermal conductive metal 2, and transmit the skin temperature to the first temperature sensor 5 through the contact thermal conductive metal, which is used to test the skin temperature T1; the second temperature sensor 11 is a high-precision temperature sensor, which is fitted with the shell of the personnel vital signs and radiation dose monitoring instrument, and is used to test the ambient temperature T2; the third temperature sensor is a temperature sensor built into the barometer, which can directly contact the environment through the device, and is used to measure the ambient temperature T3.

[0075] The human body temperature measurement algorithm used in this embodiment is: Assuming that the human body temperature is T 体温 , the thermal resistance from the inside of the body to the skin surface is R1, the thermal resistance between the two temperature sensors is ΔR, according to the single-channel heat flow model, then T 体温 It can be obtained by the following formula:

[0076]

[0077] The principle of the ambient temperature measurement algorithm adopted in this embodiment is: a high-resolution second temperature sensor and a third temperature sensor are combined to obtain measurement values ​​at different positions, the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor are calibrated before measurement, and the actual temperature value is obtained after calibration. When the absolute value of the difference between the actual temperature value TS2 of the calibrated second temperature sensor and the actual temperature value TS3 of the calibrated third temperature sensor is less than or equal to 0.3, the actual ambient temperature value T 环境 is the average value of the actual temperature value TS2 of the second temperature sensor and the actual temperature value TS3 of the third temperature sensor, that is,

[0078] Actual ambient temperature value T 环境 for:

[0079]

[0080] The temperature sensor production line calibration process is described in Figure 8 .

[0081] Place the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor in a constant temperature water bath at 0°C. At 0°C, obtain the temperature measurement value T of the second temperature sensor. 2_0 and the temperature measurement value T of the third temperature sensor 3_0 At the same time, the temperature measurement value T of the second temperature sensor at 0°C 2_0 and the temperature measurement value T of the third temperature sensor 3_0 Write to flash;

[0082] The actual temperature TS2 of the second temperature sensor is calculated as follows:

[0083]

[0084] In the formula, parameter K2=(T 2_40 -T 2_0 ) / (40-0), T 2_0 and T 2_40 They are the temperature values ​​measured by temperature sensor 2 in a constant temperature water bath of 0°C and 40°C respectively.

[0085] Similarly, the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor are placed in a constant temperature water bath at 40°C. At 40°C, the temperature measurement values ​​T of the second temperature sensor are obtained respectively. 2_40 and the temperature measurement value T of the third temperature sensor 3_40 At the same time, the temperature measurement value T of the second temperature sensor at 40°C 2_40 and the temperature measurement value T of the third temperature sensor 3_40 Write to flash,

[0086] The calculation formula for the actual temperature TS3 of the third temperature sensor can be obtained as follows:

[0087]

[0088] In the formula, parameter K3=(T 3_40 -T 3_0 ) / (40-0), T 3_0 and T 3_40 They are the temperature values ​​measured by temperature sensor 3 in a constant temperature water bath of 0°C and 40°C respectively.

[0089] Furthermore, the vital signs monitoring module uses a PPG photoelectric sensor to monitor heart rate and blood oxygen. The hardware architecture block diagram of PPG can be found in Fig. 9 Among them, the front end is an optical front end, which includes a light-emitting diode and a PG receiving diode. The PPG analog front-end chip is used to control the light emission of the light-emitting diode, the processing of the PD signal and the AD conversion. The MCU analyzes and processes the collected signals, and controls the analog front-end chip to configure key signals according to the signals, and combines ambient light elimination, motion denoising, and adaptive adjustment to improve the accuracy and applicability of heart rate and blood oxygen detection.

[0090] PPG uses photoelectric sensors to detect the difference in intensity of reflected light (green light) after absorption by human blood and tissues, records the changes in blood volume during the cardiac cycle, and calculates the heart rate from the obtained pulse waveform; the PPG sensor detects the ratio of red light and infrared light absorption by the human body's oxygenated hemoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin, thereby calculating the blood oxygen saturation.

[0091] Furthermore, the vital signs monitoring module uses a barometer to detect the diving depth. The water depth measurement block diagram is shown in Fig.10 , diving depth calculation algorithm see Fig.11 .

[0092] First, the underwater pressure value P is collected by the barometer and the underwater temperature value T3 is collected by the third temperature sensor inside the barometer; and the air pressure value Δp affected by the environment is calculated using the linear wave theory; then, the absolute pressure P0 is calculated after removing the air pressure change value such as water flow and waves;

[0093] Finally, the current underwater temperature value T3 collected by the third temperature sensor and the underwater absolute pressure P0 are substituted into the temperature and pressure table to query the accurate water depth information. The pressure calibration points in the temperature and pressure table have been measured in advance; the diving depth accuracy detected by the embodiment of the present invention can reach a measurement accuracy of ≤0.1 meter within the range of 0 to 50 meters.

[0094] The temperature and pressure table is a quadratic fitting water depth and pressure comparison table corresponding to different temperatures obtained in advance under laboratory conditions. First, accurate data of each temperature, pressure point and water depth are established in the laboratory; then the output characteristics of the barometer are measured under standard temperature and pressure, the barometer is calibrated and a comparison table of water depth and pressure is obtained; finally, the best quadratic fitting curve of temperature and water pressure value is fitted under the set pressure value.

[0095] In particular, the calculation formula of the air pressure value Δp affected by the environment is:

[0096]

[0097] Where H is the wave height, ρ is the density of water, g is the acceleration of gravity, k represents the wave number, z represents the underwater depth, h represents the ocean depth, x represents the displacement in the direction of the traveling wave, w represents the frequency of the traveling wave, and t represents the time.

[0098] Under deep water conditions, coshk(z+h) / cosh kh in the above formula can be approximated as:

[0099]

[0100] Therefore, Δp can be approximately equivalent to:

[0101] Δp=ρgη(x,t)e kz

[0102] In the formula,

[0103] The radiation dose monitoring module includes a radiation dose monitoring unit, which is used to measure and record the X / γ radiation dose received by the human body. The radiation dose monitoring unit is connected to the control module through a UART serial port. The radiation dose monitoring unit uses a small volume cadmium zinc telluride (CdZnTe, referred to as CZT) detection crystal to monitor the radiation dose. After passing through a charge sensitive preamplifier, multi-channel pulse amplitude analysis is performed to obtain energy information and calculate the real-time dose rate and cumulative dose.

[0104] Furthermore, the CdZnTe detection crystal of the radiation dose monitoring unit adopts a 5mm×5mm×1mm quasi-hemispherical structure CdZnTe detector, and its sensitivity relative to 137Cs is about 1.9cps / μSv / h.

[0105] Further, the principle block diagram of the radiation dose monitoring module can be found in Fig.12. The surface of the CZT detector is a very thin metal electrode, which generates a bias electric field inside the detector under the bias provided by the bias power supply. When the ionizing radiation acts on the CZT crystal, electron and hole pairs are generated inside the crystal, and the number is proportional to the energy of the incident photon. The negatively charged electrons and positively charged holes move toward different electrodes respectively and are eventually collected. The charge signal is converted into a voltage pulse through a charge-sensitive preamplifier, and its amplitude is proportional to the energy of the incident photon. The pulse signal is input into the multi-channel amplitude discriminator to form the counting rate data in each energy interval. After the dose rate conversion algorithm, the real-time radiation dose rate data is obtained and sent to the main MCU of the personnel vital signs and radiation dose monitor through the UART interface for display.

[0106] The storage module includes a storage chip and has a data storage function. The storage chip communicates data with the MCU via SPI. The storage chip is used to store firmware and user information, and can also be used to store key indicator data calculated by the algorithm. In particular, the data storage period is greater than 7 days.

[0107] The communication module includes a wireless transceiver unit, which has data transmission and data export functions. The wireless transceiver unit uses low-power wireless connection technology for wireless data transmission and can be used for data interaction with mobile phones, terminals or other data platforms.

[0108] Furthermore, the communication module realizes secure data transmission by designing a communication protocol. Starting from the physical layer, the communication module realizes shared keys through the bit data of the device physical layer, and also realizes close-range authentication based on the device physical layer, and finally designs a communication protocol to realize secure data transmission. For end-to-end secure communication, it specifically includes the hardware physical layer, namely various sensors, communication channels and signal generators, which are used to generate various physical layer signals; the data acquisition and analysis layer, including various signal feature extraction, sensor data analysis, and radio frequency fingerprint extraction; the service layer refers to the use of various physical layer signals to generate security core modules, such as keys, authentication, encryption and decryption; the application layer combines the application scenario requirements to realize secure communication between various devices.

[0109] Furthermore, the personnel vital sign and radiation dose monitor provided in the embodiment of the present invention has an over-threshold warning function, and the warning method adopts two modes: light warning and vibration warning.

[0110] Among them, the light warning method is designed by controlling the background color of the display screen. The MCU analyzes whether the wearer is in a safe state based on the monitoring results, and controls the background color of the display screen to remind. When in a dangerous state, the entire background color of the display screen is red; when in a warning state, the display screen is yellow; when in a normal state, the background color of the display screen is green.

[0111] The vibration warning method is designed using a vibrator. The MCU stores different vibration waveforms according to different prompts or warning states. When vibration is required, the MCU transmits the waveform to the motor driver IC of the vibrator. The motor driver IC converts the waveform into a voltage waveform with driving capability and controls the motor vibration to achieve the expected vibration waveform for vibration reminder. In particular, the embodiment of the present invention designs four vibration strategies according to the urgency of the warning information. The MCU controls the strength and frequency of the vibration according to the urgency of the warning information for vibration warning.

[0112] Furthermore, the terminal for monitoring vital signs and radiation dose provided by the embodiment of the present invention is a wearable device with waterproof function, which is suitable for working in diving and other complex environments, and the waterproof index can reach 100 meters. In particular, the terminal described in the embodiment of the present invention adopts a stainless steel body design as a whole to meet the pressure resistance requirement of 100 meters; the display module and the front frame of the terminal described in the embodiment of the present invention adopt an I-ring pressing process for fixing and waterproof design; the buttons and barometer of the terminal described in the embodiment of the present invention adopt a multi-layer silicone O-ring (O-ring) process for fixing and waterproof design; the charging and communication interfaces of the terminal described in the embodiment of the present invention adopt a sealant sealing method for waterproof design.

[0113] Further, the software architecture of the intelligent terminal of the personnel vital signs and radiation dose monitor provided in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig.13 , from low to high, they are hardware layer, hardware abstraction layer, middle layer, and application layer. The application layer includes interactive interface, heart rate measurement, water depth measurement, etc., the middle layer includes GUI interface application, data storage, FreeRTOS system, algorithm, etc., the hardware abstraction layer includes IIC / SPI reading and writing, sensor driver, driver, etc., and the hardware layer includes PPG sensor, barometer, MCU, button, etc.; in particular, the embodiment of the present invention adopts FreeRTOS operating system as the operating system of this intelligent terminal.

[0114] Further, the schematic diagram of the terminal main body appearance of the personnel vital signs and radiation dose monitor provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figure 1 , including a schematic diagram of the front and back of the terminal body. Among them, the front of the terminal body is a display screen and a touch screen, and there are buttons on the left and right sides. The display screen can display test data according to the start function, and can alarm according to the actual situation. The back of the terminal body mainly has charging contacts, PPG heart rate sensor and temperature sensor. When in use, the PPG heart rate sensor emits green light into the skin, which is received by the sensor after diffuse reflection from the skin. The MCU calculates the received data to obtain the heart rate. The temperature sensor passes through the skin to test the skin temperature. When charging is needed, the charging stand can be connected to the back of the watch for charging.

[0115] The technical means disclosed in the scheme of the present invention are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above-mentioned implementation mode, but also include technical schemes composed of any combination of the above-mentioned technical features. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A personnel vital signs and radiation dose monitor, characterized in that: The vital signs and radiation dose monitor is a wearable device, which is provided with a control module, a display module, a power module, a vital signs monitoring module, a radiation dose monitoring module, a storage module and a communication module. The display module, the power module, the vital signs monitoring module, the radiation dose monitoring module, the storage module and the communication module are all electrically connected to the control module.

2. The personnel vital signs and radiation dose monitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation dose monitoring module includes a radiation dose monitoring unit, which is communicatively connected to the control module via a UART serial port. The radiation dose monitoring unit includes a cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detection crystal, a charge-sensitive preamplifier, a multi-channel amplitude discriminator, a radiation dose monitoring MCU and a low-noise bias power supply. The low-noise bias power supply supplies power to the cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detection crystal and the radiation dose monitoring MCU. The cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detection crystal is electrically connected to the charge-sensitive preamplifier, the charge-sensitive preamplifier is electrically connected to the multi-channel amplitude discriminator, the multi-channel amplitude discriminator is electrically connected to the radiation dose monitoring MCU, and the radiation dose monitoring MCU is electrically connected to the control module via the UART serial port.

3. The personnel vital signs and radiation dose monitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wearable device is a dial-type wearable device, and the dial-type wearable device includes a strap and a shell, and the strap and the shell are detachably connected. The vital signs monitoring module includes a barometer and a temperature sensor, and the barometer and the temperature sensor are both communicatively connected to the control module via I2C. The temperature sensor includes a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, and a third temperature sensor. The first temperature sensor is arranged at the bottom of the shell, and a heat-conducting metal is arranged at the bottom of the shell and at a position corresponding to the first temperature sensor. The heat-conducting metal is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shell, and the second temperature sensor is arranged with heat-conducting silica gel, and the second temperature sensor is fixedly connected to the shell via the heat-conducting silica gel. The third temperature sensor is a temperature sensor built into the barometer, and the third temperature sensor is in contact with the environment. The barometer is fixed to one side of the shell, and the barometer is used to monitor the diving depth.

4. The personnel vital signs and radiation dose monitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vital signs monitoring module also includes a PPG sensor and an acceleration sensor, both of which are connected to the control module through SPI communication, the acceleration sensor is used to monitor the number of steps of the human body, the PPG sensor is used to monitor the heart rate and blood oxygen of the human body, the PPG sensor includes an optical front end and a PPG analog front end chip, the optical front end includes a light emitting diode and a PG receiving diode, the light emitting diode and the PG receiving diode are both electrically connected to the PPG analog front end chip, and the PPG analog front end chip is used to control the light emission of the light emitting diode and the processing and AD conversion of the PG signal.

5. The personnel vital signs and radiation dose monitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module is connected to the display module through SPI communication, and the display module includes a color display module, which is a color semi-reflective and semi-transparent display screen, and the color display module is a touch screen. The detector is also provided with a button, and the button is electrically connected to the control module. The button or the touch screen is used for human-computer interaction with the display module. The display module is provided with a human-computer interaction interface, and the human-computer interaction interface includes a standby mode interface and a working mode interface. The working mode interface displays time, data status, battery power, heart rate, blood oxygen, body temperature, water depth and ambient temperature, and the standby mode interface includes time, data status and battery power.

6. The personnel vital signs and radiation dose monitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power module includes a power management unit, a charging interface and a battery. The charging interface is a 4PIN magnetic contact interface and is communicatively connected to the control unit. An electrostatic / surge protection circuit is also provided at the charging interface. The charging interface is electrically connected to the power management unit through the electrostatic\surge protection circuit. The power management unit is communicatively connected to the control unit through I2C. The power management unit is also electrically connected to the battery. The power management unit includes a linear battery charger and a power output for power path management. The power output includes two buck regulators BUCK and three LDO linear regulators. The buck regulators BUCK and the LDO linear regulators are both electrically connected to the MCU. The linear charger of the power path management unit is used to select charging interface power supply or battery power supply.

7. The personnel vital signs and radiation dose monitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication module includes a wireless transceiver unit, the wireless transceiver unit is connected to the control module through a UART serial port, the storage module is connected to the control module through an SPI, and the control module is an MCU.

8. The monitoring method of the personnel vital signs and radiation dose monitor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Based on the FreeRTOS system, a software layered architecture is used to monitor vital signs and radiation doses. The software layered architecture includes a hardware layer, a hardware abstraction layer, an intermediate layer, and an application layer. The application layer includes a human-computer interaction interface, a water depth measurement algorithm, a body temperature measurement algorithm, an ambient temperature measurement algorithm, and a heart rate measurement. The intermediate layer includes a GUI interface, data storage, and a FreeRTOS system. The hardware abstraction layer includes an I2C driver to read and write sensors or an SPI Drive the read-write sensor, the hardware layer includes a control module, a display module, a power module, a vital sign monitoring module, a radiation dose monitoring module, a storage module and a communication module.

9. The monitoring method of the personnel vital signs and radiation dose monitor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The body temperature measurement algorithm comprises the following steps: S1): The controller module obtains a temperature value T1 of a first temperature sensor and a temperature value T2 of a second temperature sensor; S2): The control module calculates the human body temperature value T according to the single-channel heat flow model. 体温 , the human body temperature value T 体温 The calculation formula is Among them, T 体温 is the human body temperature value, R1 is the thermal resistance from the inside of the body to the skin surface, ΔR is the thermal resistance between the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, T1 is the temperature value of the human skin collected by the first temperature sensor, and T2 is the ambient temperature value collected by the second temperature sensor; The ambient temperature measurement algorithm comprises the following steps: P1): The control module calibrates the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor; P2): The control module obtains the actual temperature value TS2 of the second temperature sensor after calibration and the actual temperature value TS3 of the third temperature sensor after calibration; P3): comparing whether the absolute value of the difference between the actual temperature value TS2 of the second temperature sensor after calibration and the actual temperature value TS3 of the third temperature sensor after calibration is less than or equal to 0.3; If it is less than or equal to 0.3, calculate the actual ambient temperature value T 环境 , the actual ambient temperature value T 环境 The calculation formula is: |TS2-TS3|≤0.3; Calibrating the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor includes the following steps: P11): Place the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor in a constant temperature water bath at 0°C, and obtain the temperature measurement value T of the second temperature sensor at 0°C. 2_0 and the temperature measurement value T of the third temperature sensor 3_0 At the same time, the temperature measurement value T of the second temperature sensor at 0°C 2_0 and the temperature measurement value T of the third temperature sensor 3_0 Write to flash; P12): Place the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor in a constant temperature water bath at 40°C, and obtain the temperature measurement value T of the second temperature sensor at 40°C. 2_40 and the temperature measurement value T of the third temperature sensor 3_40 At the same time, the temperature measurement value T of the second temperature sensor at 40°C 2_40 and the temperature measurement value T of the third temperature sensor 3_40 The calculation formula of the actual temperature value TS2 of the second temperature sensor after calibration is written into the flash: Among them, T2 is the second The ambient temperature value collected by the temperature sensor, K2 = (T 2_40 -T 2_0 ) / (40-0); The calculation formula of the actual temperature value TS3 of the third temperature sensor after calibration is: Among them, T3 is the third The temperature sensor collects the ambient temperature value, K3=(T 3_40 -T 3_0 ) / (40-0). The water depth measurement algorithm comprises the following steps: M1): using a barometer to collect an underwater pressure value P and a third temperature sensor inside the barometer to collect an underwater temperature value T3; M2) using linear wave theory to calculate the air pressure value Δp affected by the environment; and calculating the underwater absolute pressure value P0 after removing the air pressure value Δp affected by the environment; M3): Substitute the current underwater temperature value T3 and the underwater absolute pressure P0 collected by the third temperature sensor into the temperature and pressure table to query the accurate water depth information; The temperature and pressure table is a quadratic fitting water depth and pressure comparison table corresponding to different temperatures obtained in advance under laboratory conditions; The calculation formula of the air pressure value Δp affected by the environment is: Where H is the wave height, ρ is the density of water, g is the acceleration of gravity, k represents the wave number, z represents the underwater depth, h represents the ocean depth, x represents the displacement in the direction of the traveling wave, w represents the frequency of the traveling wave, and t represents the time. Under deep water conditions, coshk(z+h) / coshkh in the above formula can be approximated as: Therefore, Δp can be approximately equivalent to: Δp=ρgη(x,t)e kz In the formula, 10. The monitoring method of the personnel vital signs and radiation dose monitor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The monitor also includes an over-threshold warning method, which includes a light warning and a vibration warning. The light warning is to issue a warning reminder through the background color of the display module, and the vibration warning is to issue a warning through a vibrator.

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