Hydraulic flotation purification process for high-purity quartz sand
By adopting a hydraulic flotation purification process in the preparation of quartz sand, combined with extrusion crushing and water flow pulse, the problem of excessive impurities in quartz sandstone is solved, and the preparation of high-purity quartz sand is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510114581.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-15
AI Technical Summary
Excessive impurities in quartz sandstone make it difficult to separate and purify during the preparation of high-purity quartz sand.
The high-purity quartz sand hydraulic flotation purification process is adopted, and the combination of extrusion crushing and water flow pulse selection is combined. After preliminary crushing, the debris are placed vertically into the erosion separation tank. The quartz sand and impurities are separated and collected using the unidirectional water flow and the transverse water flow of the fluid nozzle. The crushing and pulse selection process is repeated to gradually improve the purity of the quartz sand.
Through this process, the matrix, cement and other impurities in quartz sand are effectively removed, which significantly improves the purity of quartz sand, making it suitable for the preparation of high-purity quartz sand.
Smart Images
Figure CN119819475A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of quartz sand purification, in particular to a high-purity quartz sand hydraulic flotation purification process. Background Art
[0002] See also Figure 2 Sedimentary sandstone contains framework particles, sedimentary rock matrix, and cement. The framework particles are mainly composed of silica minerals with different contents, and are also mixed with other substances such as mica, clay, and feldspar.
[0003] Due to the excessive amount of impurities, the separation difficulty is increased. Therefore, quartz sandstone is not the best material in the preparation of high-purity quartz sand. During the crushing process of sandstone, the framework particles will separate from each other, exposing the matrix and cement. If filtering is used, it is difficult to separate the matrix and cement because they adhere to the particles. During the subsequent fine crushing, impurities still exist, making subsequent purification difficult. Summary of the invention
[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a high-purity quartz sand hydraulic flotation purification process to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.
[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
[0006] A high-purity quartz sand hydraulic flotation purification process comprises the following steps:
[0007] S1: The sandstone is initially crushed by extrusion, so that the sandstone is formed into multiple pieces and fracture exposure surfaces are generated, thereby exposing the matrix, cementing material and a small amount of soil to the outside. The sandstone is initially large in volume and cannot be directly crushed to the required particle size, which is between 0.074mm and 4.75mm. Therefore, the initial crushing is performed by a jaw crusher, and the initial feed particle size is 300mm-500mm. During the initial crushing process of the jaw crusher, many fine pieces will be produced;
[0008] S2: The crushed debris is vertically placed into the scouring and separation tank. Multiple fluid nozzles with an initial velocity of V1 are set on one side of the scouring and separation tank to form a unidirectional water flow. Sandstone is affected by the particle size, and sandstone blocks containing more quartz minerals fall to the bottom. Light and small sandstone blocks are affected by the lateral water flow and fall in an arc until they fall into the multi-layer collection area on the other side. The lighter cement and matrix fall off under the scouring of the water flow or fall when broken, and then fall into the collection area of the upper layer. When the irregular block sandstone that has been squeezed and broken falls vertically into the scouring and separation tank, it is affected by the body. The influence of volume and density, small particles are light in weight. In the process of overcoming gravity and falling, they are affected by the lateral water flow. The water flows out of the fluid nozzle, so that the scattered block sandstone forms an arc-shaped displacement trajectory and moves in the injection direction of the fluid nozzle. Different volumes and densities produce different movement trajectories, so that the materials obtained in the multi-layer collection area are different. The materials with high quartz content are mainly large particles. Therefore, S2 is used for preliminary screening to collect a large number of debris impurities. At the same time, the fracture surface exposes the cement and matrix, which are separated from the particles under the scouring of water flow, so that they are located in a higher collection layer.
[0009] S3: Repeat the S1 operation for the sandstone at the bottom, the crushing particle size is smaller than S1, and continue the S2 operation cycle until there is no particle at the bottom. After the bottom material is crushed by a cone crusher or an impact crusher for the second time, continue to repeat the S2 step to remove and separate more impurities on the exposed surface. The impurity content of the particles obtained after multiple crushing is greatly reduced;
[0010] S4: Collect the materials from the second-to-last layer, crush them finely and then perform magnetic separation to obtain iron-free tailings;
[0011] S5: Orthosilicate anti-feldspar flotation process is adopted, the collector is octadecylamine, the frother is pine oil, the pH value is controlled between 8-9, the roughing is carried out by multi-slot flotation machine, the fine selection is carried out by column flotation machine, the thickness of the foam layer is controlled between 600mm-800mm, and feldspar and mica are removed;
[0012] S6: Put the quartz sand into a hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 10%-20%, stir and leach at 90℃-100℃ for 2h-4h to remove impurity ions.
[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: it also includes step S41: the finely crushed material is re-added to step S2, and the outlet velocity of the fluid nozzle is adjusted to V2, V2 is less than V1, so that the quartz particles can fall to the bottom, and the cement and soil with a density lower than that of the quartz particles fall into the upper collection area.
[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: it also includes step S21: an overflow trough is provided at one end of the flushing separation tank, and the debris and powdery substances formed by the initial crushing are affected by the lateral water flow and fall through the edge of the flushing separation tank into the filter layer below, and the liquid level in the flushing separation tank is fixed.
[0015] As a further solution of the present invention, it also includes step S22: the filtered liquid flows back to the liquid storage tank connected to the fluid nozzle to realize circulation.
[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: the upper layer non-target material obtained in step S2 is sieved to obtain particles of the same size as in step S4, quartz particles are obtained by color sorting, and enter step S4 for secondary processing. Since the target material obtained for the first time in step S2 is the lower layer material, the upper layer material is non-target material at this time, and the non-target material may contain a small amount of quartz ore. Therefore, the upper layer non-target material obtained in step S2 is sieved to obtain particles of the same size as in S4, and after the quartz particles are obtained by color sorting, it enters S4 and is processed synchronously with S4. At this time, the color sorting does not need high-frequency operation, and only a small amount of quartz particles need to be extracted.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0018] This technical solution will use the form of water flow flushing to couple with the crushing process. During the primary crushing, gravity and horizontal force are combined. Materials with different gravity, size and density produce different arc trajectories to move to the specified position, and the fracture surface is flushed to remove matrix, cementation and other materials that affect the purity of quartz sand. After repeated operations, the crushed particle size is continuously reduced to increase the exposed surface for flushing. In this process, the gravity of the target object and the gravity of the impurities are significantly different, and separation is more convenient, so that the purity of the material provided in the final magnetic separation and flotation process is improved, so that high-purity quartz sand can be obtained through fine purification, which solves the problem of excessive impurities in the preparation of high-purity quartz sand from sandstone, so that sandstone can also be used in quartz sand processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.
[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a high-purity quartz sand hydraulic flotation purification process;
[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the composition of quartz sandstone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 : In this embodiment, it includes: S1: the sandstone is initially crushed by extrusion, so that the sandstone is formed into multiple pieces and a fracture exposure surface is generated, thereby exposing the matrix, cementing material and a small amount of soil to the outside.
[0023] In this embodiment: Figure 2 It can be known that the particles in sandstone are mainly composed of silica minerals with different contents, and the cement and matrix mainly play an adhesion role, and the problem of why it is difficult to prepare high-purity quartz sand from sandstone lies here. Therefore, step S1 adopts the form of extrusion crushing to initially crush the sandstone to form a multi-block structure. At this time, multiple fracture surfaces will be formed, thereby exposing the matrix and cement. After exposure, the matrix and cement can be removed to retain the particles as much as possible, thereby improving the purity of the material after subsequent flotation. In addition, during the crushing process, sandstone will also produce a large amount of small particles, which include matrix, cement, soil or other impurities separated from the particles.
[0024] Step S2: The crushed debris is vertically placed into the scouring and separation tank. A plurality of fluid nozzles with an initial velocity of V1 are arranged on one side of the scouring and separation tank, so that a unidirectional water flow is formed in the scouring and separation tank. Sandstone is affected by the particle size, and sandstone blocks containing more quartz minerals fall to the bottom. Light and small sandstone blocks are affected by the lateral water flow and fall in an arc until they fall into the multi-layer collection area on the other side. The lighter cement and matrix fall off under the scouring of the water flow or fall when crushed, and thus fall into the collection area at an upper layer.
[0025] Since the initial volume of sandstone is large, it cannot be directly crushed to the required particle size, which is between 0.074mm-4.75mm. Therefore, the initial crushing is performed by a jaw crusher, and the initial feed particle size is 300mm-500mm. During the initial crushing process of the jaw crusher, many fine fragments will be produced. After the initial crushing, the following method is used for separation and washing. After removing the impurities on the fracture surface, the bottom material is crushed by a cone crusher or an impact crusher for secondary crushing, and step S2 is repeated to remove and separate more impurities on the exposed surface. The impurity content of the particles obtained after multiple crushing is greatly reduced, and the material with improved purity is subjected to subsequent flotation, color sorting, and magnetic separation to obtain high-purity quartz sand.
[0026] Since the matrix, cement and soil will adhere to the surface of the particles, a flushing and separation tank is used to clean and screen the initially broken blocks. Figure 1When the irregular block sandstone that has been squeezed and broken falls vertically into the scouring and separation pool, it is affected by volume and density. The small particles are light in weight. In the process of overcoming gravity and falling, they are affected by the lateral water flow. The water flow is sprayed out from the fluid nozzle, so that the scattered block sandstone forms an arc-shaped displacement trajectory and moves in the injection direction of the fluid nozzle. Different volumes and different densities produce different movement trajectories, so that the materials obtained in the multi-layer collection area are different. The materials with high quartz content are mainly large particles. Therefore, preliminary screening is performed through step S2 to collect a large amount of debris and impurities. At the same time, the fracture surface exposes the cement and matrix, which are separated from the particles under the scouring of water flow, so that they are located in a higher collection layer. After this screening, the matrix, cement and soil in the sandstone are removed in small amounts.
[0027] Step S3: Repeat the operation of step S1 for the sandstone at the bottom, the crushing particle size is smaller than that of step S1, and continue the operation cycle of step S2 until there is no particle at the bottom.
[0028] Step S4: Collect the materials in the second-to-last layer, crush them finely and then perform magnetic separation to obtain iron-free tailings.
[0029] Step S41: The finely crushed material is put back into step S2, and the outlet velocity of the fluid nozzle is adjusted to V2, where V2 is smaller than V1, so that the quartz particles can fall to the bottom, and the cement and soil with a density lower than that of the quartz particles fall into the upper collection area.
[0030] After fine crushing, the particle size is reduced. Under the lateral action of the scouring separation tank, particles that meet the material particle size fall into the penultimate layer. At this time, the particles that fall to the bottom are large particles, thus achieving the purpose of screening, while the lighter cementing materials and matrix are located above, so as to accurately obtain the target object.
[0031] Step S5: adopting orthosilicate anti-feldspar flotation process, the collector is octadecylamine, the frother is pine oil, the pH value is controlled between 8-9, the roughing is carried out by a multi-slot flotation machine, the fine separation is carried out by a column flotation machine, the foam layer thickness is controlled between 600mm-800mm, and feldspar and mica are removed.
[0032] Step S6: Put the quartz sand into a hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 10%-20%, stir and leach at 90°C-100°C for 2h-4h to remove impurity ions.
[0033] Step S21: An overflow trough is provided at one end of the flushing separation tank. The debris and powdery substances formed by the initial crushing are affected by the lateral water flow and fall through the edge of the flushing separation tank into the filter layer below. The liquid level in the flushing separation tank is fixed.
[0034] Step S22: the filtered liquid flows back to the liquid storage tank connected to the fluid nozzle to achieve circulation.
[0035] After crushing, a large amount of tiny dust, debris, soil, matrix and cementing materials separated from particles will be generated. In order to avoid accumulation in the scouring separation tank, an overflow process is set up. Since the tiny dust, debris, soil, matrix and cementing materials separated from particles are light in weight, they will move quickly on the surface of the water flow when subjected to lateral flow velocity, and then be discharged through the overflow trough. After the fallen materials are filtered and collected by the filter layer, the filtered liquid will be returned to achieve circulation, thereby reducing the waste of water resources.
[0036] The upper non-target objects obtained in step S2 are filtered through a screen to obtain particles of the same size as in step S4, and quartz particles are obtained by color sorting, and enter step S4 for secondary processing.
[0037] Since the target object obtained for the first time in step S2 is the lower layer material, the upper layer material is now a non-target object, which may contain a small amount of quartz ore. Therefore, the upper layer non-target object obtained in step S2 is sieved and filtered to obtain particles of the same size as in step S4. After the quartz particles are obtained by color sorting, step S4 is entered and processed synchronously with step S4. At this time, color sorting does not require high-frequency operation, and only a small amount of quartz particles need to be extracted.
[0038] What is described above is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A high-purity quartz sand hydraulic flotation purification process, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: The sandstone is initially crushed by extrusion to form multiple pieces and produce fracture exposure surfaces, thereby exposing the matrix, cement and a small amount of soil to the outside; S2: The crushed debris is placed vertically into the scouring and separation tank. Multiple fluid nozzles with an initial velocity of V1 are set on one side of the scouring and separation tank to form a unidirectional water flow. Sandstone is affected by the particle size, and sandstone blocks containing more quartz minerals fall to the bottom. Light and small sandstone blocks are affected by the lateral water flow and fall in an arc until they fall into the multi-layer collection area on the other side. The lighter cement and matrix fall off under the scouring of the water flow or fall when they are broken, and then fall into the collection area at the upper layer. S3: Repeat the S1 operation for the sandstone at the bottom, the crushing particle size is smaller than S1, and continue the S2 operation cycle until there is no particle at the bottom; S4: Collect the materials from the second-to-last layer, crush them finely and then perform magnetic separation to obtain iron-free tailings; S5: Orthosilicate anti-feldspar flotation process is adopted, the collector is octadecylamine, the frother is pine oil, the pH value is controlled between 8-9, the roughing is carried out by multi-slot flotation machine, the fine selection is carried out by column flotation machine, the thickness of the foam layer is controlled between 600mm-800mm, and feldspar and mica are removed; S6: Put the quartz sand into a hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 10%-20%, stir and leach at 90℃-100℃ for 2h-4h to remove impurity ions.
2. A high-purity quartz sand hydraulic flotation purification process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process also includes step S41: re-adding the finely crushed material into step S2, and adjusting the outlet velocity of the fluid nozzle to V2, where V2 is smaller than V1, so that the quartz particles can fall to the bottom, and the cement and soil with a density lower than that of the quartz particles can fall into the upper collection area.
3. A high-purity quartz sand hydraulic flotation purification process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process also includes step S21: an overflow trough is provided at one end of the flushing separation tank, and the debris and powdery substances formed by the initial crushing are affected by the lateral water flow and fall through the edge of the flushing separation tank into the filter layer below, and the liquid level in the flushing separation tank is fixed.
4. A high-purity quartz sand hydraulic flotation purification process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S22 is also included: the filtered liquid flows back to the liquid storage tank connected to the fluid nozzle to realize circulation.
5. A high-purity quartz sand hydraulic flotation purification process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper non-target objects obtained in step S2 are filtered through a screen to obtain particles of the same size as in step S4, and quartz particles are obtained by color sorting, and enter step S4 for secondary processing.