Machining method for forged aluminum alloy hub of passenger car

Abstract

The invention discloses a machining method for a forged aluminum alloy hub of a passenger car, which comprises the following steps of: S1, roughly turning a positioning surface, enabling the end surface of a wheel lip on the outer rim side of a hub blank to be in contact with a clamp end surface block, and finishing axial positioning of the hub blank by matching with a pressing claw, S2, roughly milling a window, enabling the end surface of a wheel lip on the inner rim side after the rough turning process to be in contact with the clamp end surface block, s3, an inner side rim and a center hole are subjected to finish turning, the end face of a wheel lip on the outer rim side of the blank subjected to heat treatment makes contact with an end face block of a clamp, and axial positioning of the hub semi-finished product is completed in cooperation with the pressing claw; according to the method, the problems of unqualified jumping of the hub and the rim, window deformation, out-of-tolerance of balance and the like caused by residual stress release during window milling can be solved, the product quality and the machining precision are improved, it is ensured that the hub meets the assembly standard, the rejection rate is reduced, and the production benefit is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wheel hub processing, and in particular to a machining method for a forged aluminum alloy wheel hub of a passenger car. Background Art

[0002] At present, the most common methods in the field of passenger car forged wheel production are as follows. The most common method is to first turn the blank to the wheel finished product line, and then mill the window. This machining process is highly efficient, but as the window is gradually removed, the stress of the spoke is released, which will eventually lead to rim deformation and runout, and even affect some important assembly dimensions such as the center hole size and flange surface flatness, thereby seriously reducing the machining yield rate.

[0003] One common pure forging method is to directly forge the wheel hub window into shape without subsequent milling. Although this method can effectively solve the deformation problem during the machining process of forged wheel hubs, the pure forging process is limited by the poor surface finish of the forged surface. Therefore, for some passenger car hubs with complex surface conditions, such as polished surfaces, micro-milled surfaces, etc., it is not suitable for pure forging technology to produce. In addition, for some passenger car hubs with special shapes, such as window fillets that are too small and spokes that are too narrow, if the pure forging process is used, the yield rate will be greatly reduced, or even impossible to produce.

[0004] In the field of forged wheel hub production, it is relatively rare to perform rough turning on the hub after heat treatment, mill the window to the finished window surface after rough turning, and then fine turn the rim, center hole and other positions. Although this method can effectively improve the risk of unqualified rim runout and out-of-tolerance dimensions of the center hole caused by hub deformation during window milling, when fine turning the inner rim using this method, the axial positioning of the machined semi-finished product needs to be completed with the help of the contact between the outer rim end face and the fixture end face block. For some special-shaped wheels, such as the outer rim end face is not in the same horizontal plane or its position surface has special milling shapes such as micro-milling lines, the axial positioning cannot be completed when fine turning the inner rim, or the special shape of the outer rim end face will be crushed after positioning. Therefore, the above methods all have certain limitations, so this scheme proposes a machining method for forged aluminum alloy wheels for passenger cars. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a machining method for a forged aluminum alloy wheel hub for a passenger car, which can improve the problems of unqualified wheel rim runout, window deformation, and balance tolerance caused by residual stress release when milling the window, improve product quality and machining accuracy, ensure that the wheel hub meets the assembly standards, reduce the scrap rate, and improve production efficiency. The window position is roughly milled before the blank is heat treated, changing the traditional process of heat treatment first and then milling the window. This innovation enables heat treatment to more effectively eliminate residual stress, reduce the risk of wheel hub deformation caused by stress release due to excessive window removal, and ensure the dimensional stability and mechanical properties of the wheel hub.

[0006] Compared with the common process of machining to the finished product line first and then milling the window, it avoids the stress release of the spoke during the milling of the window, which causes the rim to deform, the runout is out of tolerance, and affects the important assembly dimensions, improves the machining yield rate, and ensures the overall quality and assembly accuracy of the wheel hub. Compared with the pure forging process, it overcomes the problem of being limited by the forging surface finish and wheel hub shape, and is suitable for the production of passenger car wheel hubs with complex surface conditions and special shapes, expanding the scope of application of the process and meeting diversified market needs. Compared with specific and rare processes, it solves the problem of axial positioning when finishing the inner rim of a special-shaped wheel hub, avoids positioning difficulties or damage to the outer rim end face, and ensures smooth processing and product appearance quality.

[0007] The present invention also provides a machining method for a forged aluminum alloy wheel hub for a passenger vehicle, comprising:

[0008] S1, rough turning the positioning surface, making the wheel lip end face on the outer rim side of the hub blank contact with the end face block of the fixture, cooperating with the pressing claws to complete the axial positioning of the hub blank, and using four evenly arranged radial blocks to contact the blank rim to complete the radial positioning of the hub blank;

[0009] S2, rough milling the window, make the end face of the inner wheel rim side lip after the rough turning process contact with the end face block of the fixture, cooperate with the pressure claw to complete the axial positioning of the semi-finished wheel hub, and use the mandrel to cooperate with the center hole after the rough turning process in S1 to complete the radial positioning of the semi-finished wheel hub. After the positioning is completed, the wheel hub window is rough milled;

[0010] S3, finish turning the inner rim and center hole, making the lip end face of the outer rim side of the heat-treated blank contact with the end face block of the fixture, and cooperating with the pressing claws to complete the axial positioning of the semi-finished wheel hub;

[0011] S4, turning the outer rim and the front of the hub, making the end face of the inner wheel rim after the fine turning process in S3 contact with the end face block of the fixture, cooperating with the pressing claw to complete the axial positioning of the semi-finished hub, and using the cooperation between the mandrel and the center hole after the previous fine turning to complete the radial positioning of the semi-finished hub;

[0012] S5, drilling bolt holes and valve holes, and adopting the same method as in S4 for axial positioning of the semi-finished wheel hub, using a positioning rod and a rough milling window or image recognition to complete the circumferential positioning of the semi-finished wheel hub;

[0013] S6, fine milling window, the same method as in S4 is adopted for axial positioning of the semi-finished wheel hub, and the axial positioning of the semi-finished wheel hub is completed by using the positioning rod and the bolt hole in a manner of image recognition.

[0014] According to a method for machining a forged aluminum alloy wheel hub for a passenger car provided by the present invention, the rough-turned positioning surface is used as a basis for the subsequent rough milling of the window, because the inner wheel rim needs to be used for positioning when the window is rough milled, and the inner wheel rim is usually spin-formed, and its shape after forming is relatively irregular. Directly using the inner wheel rim of the blank for positioning will seriously affect the positioning accuracy.

[0015] According to a passenger car forged aluminum alloy wheel hub machining method provided by the present invention, the inner rim and the center hole are fine-turned by utilizing four evenly arranged radial blocks to contact the blank wheel rim to complete the radial positioning of the hub blank. After the positioning is completed, the inner rim, the back of the spoke, and the center hole are fine-turned to the finished product line.

[0016] According to a passenger car forged aluminum alloy wheel hub machining method provided by the present invention, after the positioning of the outer wheel rim and the front face of the wheel hub is completed, the outer wheel rim, the front face of the wheel hub and the cap groove position are precision-machined to the finished product line.

[0017] According to a method for machining a forged aluminum alloy wheel hub for a passenger car provided by the present invention, the bolt holes and valve holes are drilled to axially position the semi-finished wheel hub product, and after the positioning is completed, the valve holes and bolt holes are machined.

[0018] According to a method for machining a forged aluminum alloy wheel hub for a passenger car provided by the present invention, the window is finely milled after the axial positioning of the semi-finished wheel hub is completed, and the forged aluminum alloy wheel hub has completed the machining of the semi-finished product before spraying.

[0019] According to a passenger car forged aluminum alloy wheel hub machining method provided by the present invention, the rough turning of the positioning surface and the rough milling of the window are completed before the heat treatment.

[0020] According to a passenger car forged aluminum alloy wheel hub machining method provided by the present invention, the fine turning of the inner rim, the center hole, the outer rim, the front face of the hub, the drilled bolt holes, the valve holes, and the fine milling of the window are completed after heat treatment.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a passenger car forged aluminum alloy wheel hub machining method, which can improve problems such as unqualified wheel hub rim runout, window deformation, and balance out-of-tolerance caused by residual stress release when milling the window, improve product quality and machining accuracy, ensure that the wheel hub meets assembly standards, reduce scrap rate, and improve production efficiency.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method for machining a forged aluminum alloy wheel hub for a passenger car, which first roughly mills the window position before heat treating the blank, changing the traditional process of first heat treating and then milling the window. This innovation enables heat treatment to more effectively eliminate residual stress, reduce the risk of hub deformation caused by stress release due to excessive window removal, and ensure the dimensional stability and mechanical properties of the hub. Compared with the common process of first machining to the finished product line and then milling the window, it avoids the release of spoke stress during window milling, which causes rim deformation, excessive runout, and affects important assembly dimensions, improves the machining yield rate, and ensures the overall quality and assembly accuracy of the hub.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the machining method of a forged aluminum alloy wheel hub for a passenger car of the present invention overcomes the problem of being limited by the forging surface finish and wheel hub shape compared with the pure forging process, and is suitable for the production of passenger car wheel hubs with complex surface conditions and special shapes, expanding the scope of application of the process and meeting diversified market demands. Compared with specific rare processes, the axial positioning problem of the inner rim of a wheel hub with a special shape is solved when finishing, and positioning difficulties or damage to the outer rim end face are avoided, ensuring smooth processing and product appearance quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments;

[0025] Figure 1 The overall flow chart of a passenger car forged aluminum alloy wheel machining method of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a rough turning positioning surface of a passenger car forged aluminum alloy wheel hub machining method of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a rough milling window of a passenger car forged aluminum alloy wheel machining method of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the inner rim and the center hole of the forged aluminum alloy wheel hub machining method for a passenger car according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fine turning of the outer rim and the front of the wheel hub in a machining method of a forged aluminum alloy wheel hub for a passenger car according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6It is a structural schematic diagram of drilling bolt holes and valve holes in a passenger car forged aluminum alloy wheel hub machining method of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a precision milling window of a passenger car forged aluminum alloy wheel hub machining method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the accompanying drawings is to supplement the description of the text part of the specification with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present invention, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Reference Figure 1-7 The present invention provides a method for machining a forged aluminum alloy wheel hub for a passenger vehicle, comprising:

[0034] S1. Rough turning of positioning surface, contacting the wheel lip end face of the outer rim side of the hub blank with the end face block of the fixture, cooperating with the pressure claw to complete the axial positioning of the hub blank, and using four evenly arranged radial blocks to contact the blank rim to complete the radial positioning of the hub blank; rough turning of positioning surface and rough milling of window are completed before heat treatment. Rough turning of positioning surface is to lay the foundation for subsequent rough milling of window, because the inner rim needs to be used for positioning when rough milling the window, and the inner rim is usually formed by spinning, and its shape is relatively irregular after forming. Directly using the inner rim of the blank for positioning will seriously affect the positioning accuracy.

[0035] S2, rough milling the window, make the end face of the inner wheel rim side lip after the rough turning process contact with the end face block of the fixture, cooperate with the pressure claw to complete the axial positioning of the semi-finished wheel hub, and use the mandrel to cooperate with the center hole after the rough turning process in S1 to complete the radial positioning of the semi-finished wheel hub. After the positioning is completed, the wheel hub window is rough milled;

[0036] S3, fine turning the inner rim and center hole, contact the lip end face of the outer rim side of the heat-treated blank with the end face block of the fixture, and cooperate with the pressure claw to complete the axial positioning of the semi-finished hub; fine turning the inner rim, center hole, turning the outer rim, the front of the hub, drilling bolt holes, valve holes, and fine milling windows are completed after heat treatment. Fine turning the inner rim and center hole is to use four evenly arranged radial blocks to contact the blank rim to complete the radial positioning of the hub blank. After positioning is completed, fine turning the inner rim, the back of the spoke, and the center hole position to the finished product line.

[0037] S4, turn the outer rim and the front face of the hub, make the end face of the inner wheel rim side after the fine turning process in S3 contact with the end face block of the fixture, cooperate with the pressure claw to complete the axial positioning of the semi-finished hub, and use the cooperation between the mandrel and the center hole after the previous fine turning to complete the radial positioning of the semi-finished hub; after the positioning of the outer rim and the front face of the hub is completed, fine turn the outer rim, the front face of the hub and the cap groove position to the finished product line.

[0038] S5, drilling bolt holes and valve holes, and axially positioning the semi-finished wheel hub in the same manner as in S4, using the positioning rod in conjunction with the window after rough milling or using image recognition to complete the circumferential positioning of the semi-finished wheel hub; drilling bolt holes and valve holes, and axially positioning the semi-finished wheel hub. After positioning is completed, the valve holes and bolt holes are processed.

[0039] S6, precision milling window, the same method as in S4 is adopted for axial positioning of the semi-finished wheel hub, the axial positioning of the semi-finished wheel hub is completed by using the positioning rod and the bolt hole and the image recognition method. Precision milling window, after the axial positioning of the semi-finished wheel hub is completed, the window is precision milled, and the forged aluminum alloy wheel hub has completed the machining of the semi-finished product before spraying.

[0040] In steps S1 and S2, that is, when the wheel hub is rough turned and rough milled, a certain amount of processing must be reserved for the subsequent fine turning and fine milling. If the reserved processing amount is too small, when there is slight deformation during heat treatment or there is a deviation in the subsequent positioning, there will be a risk of no processing amount in the subsequent fine turning and fine milling processes; if the reserved processing amount is too large during the rough milling window, there may still be a risk of hub deformation after the subsequent fine milling window, that is, assuming that the rough milling allowance is too large, the residual stress cannot be eliminated well during heat treatment, and the stress is released after fine milling, resulting in deformation. Therefore, when designing the rough turning and rough milling processes of steps S1 and S2 of the wheel hub, the reserved amount should be reasonably designed in combination with parameters such as the window shape, the deformation amount of each process, and the positioning accuracy of the tooling fixture.

[0041] In step S5, that is, when machining bolt holes and valve holes in the machining center, the circumferential relative positions of the bolt holes, valve holes and the window surface after rough milling need to be reasonably controlled, because the circumferential positioning reference of the subsequent fine milling window is the bolt hole. If the angle of the bolt hole, valve hole and the window after rough milling differs too much, there is a risk that there will be no milling processing amount on the side of the window when the window is fine milled subsequently.

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in the technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A passenger car forged aluminum alloy wheel machining method, characterized in that: include: S1, rough turning the positioning surface, making the wheel lip end face on the outer rim side of the hub blank contact with the end face block of the fixture, cooperating with the pressing claws to complete the axial positioning of the hub blank, and using four evenly arranged radial blocks to contact the blank rim to complete the radial positioning of the hub blank; S2, rough milling the window, make the end face of the inner wheel rim side lip after the rough turning process contact with the end face block of the fixture, cooperate with the pressure claw to complete the axial positioning of the semi-finished wheel hub, and use the mandrel to cooperate with the center hole after the rough turning process in S1 to complete the radial positioning of the semi-finished wheel hub. After the positioning is completed, the wheel hub window is rough milled; S3, finish turning the inner rim and center hole, make the lip end face of the outer rim side of the heat-treated blank contact with the end face block of the fixture, and cooperate with the pressing claw to complete the axial positioning of the semi-finished wheel hub; S4, turning the outer rim and the front of the hub, making the end face of the inner wheel rim after the fine turning process in S3 contact with the end face block of the fixture, cooperating with the pressing claw to complete the axial positioning of the semi-finished hub, and using the cooperation between the mandrel and the center hole after the previous fine turning to complete the radial positioning of the semi-finished hub; S5, drilling bolt holes and valve holes, and adopting the same method as in S4 for axial positioning of the semi-finished wheel hub, using a positioning rod and a rough milling window or image recognition to complete the circumferential positioning of the semi-finished wheel hub; S6, fine milling window, the same method as in S4 is adopted for axial positioning of the semi-finished wheel hub, and the axial positioning of the semi-finished wheel hub is completed by using the positioning rod and the bolt hole in a manner of image recognition.

2. A passenger car forged aluminum alloy wheel machining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rough turning positioning surface is used as a basis for the subsequent rough milling of the window, because the inner wheel rim is needed for positioning during rough milling of the window, and the inner wheel rim is usually spin-formed, and its shape after forming is relatively irregular. Directly using the inner wheel rim of the blank for positioning will seriously affect the positioning accuracy.

3. A passenger car forged aluminum alloy wheel machining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wheel rim and the center hole are fine-turned by using four evenly arranged radial blocks to contact the blank wheel rim to complete the radial positioning of the hub blank. After the positioning is completed, the inner wheel rim, the back of the spoke, and the center hole are fine-turned to the finished product line.

4. A passenger car forged aluminum alloy wheel machining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the positioning of the outer rim and the front of the hub is completed, the outer rim, the front of the hub and the cap groove position are fine-turned to the finished product line.

5. The method for machining a forged aluminum alloy wheel hub for a passenger vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bolt holes and valve holes are drilled to axially position the semi-finished wheel hub product. After the positioning is completed, the valve holes and bolt holes are processed.

6. A passenger car forged aluminum alloy wheel machining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precision milling window is performed after the axial positioning of the semi-finished wheel hub is completed. At this point, the forged aluminum alloy wheel hub has completed the machining of the semi-finished product before spraying.

7. A passenger car forged aluminum alloy wheel machining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rough turning of the positioning surface and the rough milling of the window are completed before the heat treatment.

8. The method for machining a forged aluminum alloy wheel hub for a passenger vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precision turning of the inner rim, the center hole, the outer rim, the front face of the hub, the drilled bolt holes, the valve holes and the precision milling of the window are completed after the heat treatment.

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