Automatic grain loading and unloading device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bulk grain storage, in particular to an automatic grain loading and unloading device which comprises a frame body, the frame body is provided with a walking mechanism, a grain unloading mechanism, a grain receiving mechanism, a cleaning mechanism and a conveying mechanism are integrally mounted on the frame body, and the grain unloading mechanism, the grain receiving mechanism, the cleaning mechanism and the conveying mechanism are sequentially communicated. According to the automatic grain loading and unloading device, the grain unloading mechanism, the grain receiving mechanism, the cleaning mechanism and the conveying mechanism are integrated on the frame body, the functions of grain unloading, cleaning, conveying and the like are integrated, the integration degree is high, the structure is compact, the manufacturing cost is low, the occupied area is small, manual equipment carrying and lap joint work on site is avoided, and the working efficiency is improved. Compared with the prior art, the automatic grain loading and unloading system has the advantages that manual operation is greatly reduced, labor cost and energy consumption are reduced, meanwhile, automatic and continuous operation can be achieved through automatic control over all equipment, grain loading and unloading time is further saved, and bulk grain warehousing efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bulk grain storage, and in particular to an automatic grain loading and unloading device. Background Art

[0002] Bulk grain loading and unloading is a very common and important part of the grain storage process. The existing bulk grain loading and unloading technology mainly involves transferring grain through large trucks, unloading grain from trucks and loading it into warehouses or other equipment. This process requires the use of a variety of equipment such as hydraulic flaps, grain diggers, grain unloading conveyors, cleaning screens, belt conveyors, steering silo loaders, and lifting silo replenishment machines. These devices usually operate alone or in combination, which not only makes the entire process long and the equipment occupies a large space, but also requires manual on-site transportation and splicing according to different positions. The whole process is very cumbersome, with a large amount of manual work and low operating efficiency, making it difficult to achieve automation. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art that the existing bulk grain loading and unloading equipment requires many types, the equipment occupies a large space and is cumbersome to operate, which affects the working efficiency, and provide an automatic grain loading and unloading device.

[0004] The present invention provides an automatic grain loading and unloading device, comprising a frame body, wherein the frame body is provided with a traveling mechanism, a grain unloading mechanism, a grain receiving mechanism, a cleaning mechanism and a conveying mechanism are integrated and installed on the frame body, and the grain unloading mechanism, the grain receiving mechanism, the cleaning mechanism and the conveying mechanism are connected in sequence.

[0005] An automatic grain loading and unloading device of the present invention integrates a grain unloading mechanism, a grain receiving mechanism, a cleaning mechanism and a conveying mechanism on a frame body, thereby integrating functions such as grain unloading, cleaning and conveying. It has a high degree of integration, a compact structure, a low manufacturing cost and occupies a small area, avoids the work of manual on-site equipment transportation and overlapping, greatly reduces the amount of manual work, reduces labor costs and energy consumption, and at the same time, can realize automatic and continuous operation through automatic control of various equipment, further saves grain loading and unloading time, and improves the efficiency of bulk grain storage.

[0006] Preferably, the frame body is provided with a cantilever frame, the grain unloading mechanism is slidably arranged on the cantilever frame, and the height below the cantilever frame satisfies the parking of the grain transport vehicle. The grain transport vehicle can directly dock under the grain unloading mechanism to automatically load and unload grain, thereby improving the operation efficiency. At the same time, the grain unloading mechanism can move according to the position of grain in the grain transport vehicle, and complete the unloading of the entire grain transport vehicle at one time, thereby avoiding manual pushing of grain and further improving the efficiency of bulk grain storage.

[0007] Preferably, the conveying mechanism includes a screw conveyor, a pitch conveyor and a horizontal conveyor which are connected in sequence, and the horizontal conveyor can be lifted, extended and rotated relative to the frame body. A combination of multiple conveyors can realize the transportation of grain in different directions, so that the grain can be smoothly loaded and unloaded.

[0008] Preferably, the grain receiving mechanism, the cleaning mechanism, the screw conveyor and the pitching conveyor are respectively arranged along the same direction of the frame body, and the cleaning mechanism and the screw conveyor are arranged between the grain receiving mechanism and the pitching conveyor; the grain receiving mechanism is arranged horizontally on the frame body, and the cleaning mechanism, the screw conveyor and the pitching conveyor are arranged obliquely on the frame body. By rationally planning and arranging the installation positions of various devices on the frame body and making full use of the installation space of the frame body, the loading and unloading device has a compact structure and occupies little space.

[0009] Preferably, the grain receiving mechanism is arranged below the grain discharging side of the grain unloading mechanism, the feeding port of the cleaning mechanism is located below the grain discharging side of the grain receiving mechanism, the discharging port of the cleaning mechanism is located above the grain feeding side of the screw conveyor, the grain discharging side of the screw conveyor is located above the grain feeding side of the pitching conveyor, and the grain discharging side of the pitching conveyor is connected to the horizontal conveyor. By rationally planning and arranging the installation position and status of each device, smooth transportation of grain between the devices is achieved.

[0010] Preferably, the grain receiving mechanism is provided with a speed sensor and a weighing sensor, which can monitor the belt speed and weigh in real time online, so that the operator can timely understand the grain conveying status according to the relevant results and perform appropriate operation control.

[0011] Preferably, the grain unloading mechanism is connected to a dynamic sensing and recognition system and an automatic control system, and can automatically search, identify and transport grain, which is conducive to realizing online control and automated operation of the device.

[0012] Preferably, the grain unloading mechanism includes an unloading mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a first moving mechanism, a second moving mechanism and an auxiliary conveyor; the cantilever frame is provided with a first track, and the first moving mechanism is slidably arranged on the first track; the first moving mechanism is provided with a second track, the second track is perpendicular to the first track, and the second moving mechanism is slidably arranged on the second track; the auxiliary conveyor is arranged on the first moving mechanism, the auxiliary conveyor is connected to the unloading mechanism and the grain receiving mechanism, the lifting mechanism is arranged on the second moving mechanism, and the unloading mechanism is connected to the lifting mechanism. The grain unloading mechanism can move along the frame body to adapt to the position of grain in the grain transport vehicle, and can improve the efficiency when loading and unloading grain, wherein the unloading mechanism can be lifted and lowered in the height direction under the action of the lifting mechanism, so as to achieve the position matching of the unloading mechanism and the grain transport vehicle and achieve the adaptation to the depth of grain in the grain transport vehicle, and can move to a high position when the grain transport vehicle needs to stop, so as to avoid position interference with the carriage of the grain transport vehicle and cause collision.

[0013] Preferably, the first moving mechanism includes a first frame and a first wheel, the second moving mechanism includes a second frame and a second wheel, the second track is arranged on the first frame, the lifting mechanism is arranged on the second frame, and a guide mechanism is arranged between the unloading mechanism and the lifting mechanism, so that the unloading mechanism can adjust the position in the horizontal, vertical and height directions relative to the frame body according to actual conditions.

[0014] Preferably, the unloading mechanism comprises a spiral lifting mechanism, the spiral lifting mechanism comprises at least one spiral channel, and the discharge port of the spiral lifting mechanism is located above the auxiliary conveyor.

[0015] Preferably, the grain unloading mechanism also includes a grain suction mechanism, which includes a grain suction pipe, a lifting unit, an air suction device and a grain discharge head. The lifting unit is arranged on the second moving mechanism, the grain suction pipe is connected to the lifting unit, a guiding mechanism is arranged between the grain suction pipe and the lifting unit, the feed port of the grain suction pipe is connected to a flexible pipe, the discharge port is connected to the air suction device, the grain discharge head is connected to the air suction device and the grain receiving mechanism, and the air suction device is arranged in the frame body. The grain suction mechanism is used to realize air suction conveying of the surplus grain in the grain transport vehicle that is not easily conveyed by the spiral lifting mechanism, realize the full mechanized output of the grain in the grain transport vehicle, reduce the amount of manual work, and combine air suction conveying with spiral lifting conveying. Compared with the method of adopting full air suction conveying, the power is lower and more energy-saving. Among them, the grain suction pipe can be lifted and lowered in the height direction under the action of the lifting unit to match the parking position of the grain transport vehicle and adapt to the depth of the grain in the grain transport vehicle.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention provides an automatic grain loading and unloading device, which integrates grain unloading mechanism, grain receiving mechanism, cleaning mechanism and conveying mechanism on the frame body, so as to realize the integration of grain unloading, cleaning, conveying and other functions, has a high degree of integration, a compact structure, a low manufacturing cost, and a small footprint, thereby avoiding the work of manual on-site equipment handling and overlapping, greatly reducing the amount of manual work, and reducing labor costs and energy consumption; 2. The present invention provides an automatic grain loading and unloading device, which can realize automatic and continuous operation through automatic control of various devices, save grain loading and unloading time, and improve the efficiency of bulk grain storage; 3. The present invention provides an automatic grain loading and unloading device, which can move and lift the grain unloading mechanism according to the position of grain in the grain transport vehicle, complete the grain unloading of the entire grain transport vehicle at one time, avoid manual pushing of grain, and improve the efficiency of bulk grain storage; 4. The present invention provides an automatic grain loading and unloading device, which uses a grain suction mechanism to pneumatically convey the remaining grain in the grain transport vehicle, thereby achieving fully mechanized output of the grain in the grain transport vehicle, and combining pneumatic conveying with spiral lifting conveying. Compared with the full pneumatic conveying method, it has lower power and is more energy-saving. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an automatic grain loading and unloading device in Example 1, from perspective 1.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of an automatic grain loading and unloading device in accordance with Example 1, from perspective 2.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a front view of an automatic grain loading and unloading device in Example 1.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grain unloading mechanism described in Example 1.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the unloading mechanism described in Example 1.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the usage status of an automatic grain loading and unloading device of Example 1.

[0023] Markings in the figure: 1-frame body, 11-travel mechanism, 12-cantilever frame, 13-first track; 2-grain unloading mechanism, 21-car unloading mechanism, 211-spiral channel, 22-lifting mechanism, 23-first moving mechanism, 231-first frame, 232-first wheel, 24-second moving mechanism, 241-second frame, 242-second wheel, 25-auxiliary conveyor, 26-second track; 3- grain receiving mechanism, 4- cleaning mechanism, 41- miscellaneous outlet; 5-screw conveyor, 6-pitch conveyor, 7-horizontal conveyor; 8-grain suction mechanism, 81-grain suction pipe, 82-lifting unit, 83-air suction device, 84-grain outlet head; 9-Grain transport truck. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, this should not be understood as the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention being limited to the following embodiments, and all technologies realized based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0025] Unless otherwise specified, in the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the terms indicating the orientation or position relationship such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "center", "inside", "outside", etc. are all expressions based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or are the orientation or position relationship when the invented product / equipment / device is usually used. These terms of orientation or position relationship are only for the convenience of describing the scheme of the present invention or simplifying the description in the specific embodiments, so as to facilitate the technicians to quickly understand the scheme, and do not indicate or imply that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific position relationship, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0026] In addition, if the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel" and the like appear, it does not mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are required to be absolutely horizontal or vertical or overhanging or parallel, but may be slightly tilted or have deviations. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but may be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are set in directions such as "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel", etc., and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction setting, more preferably an error / deviation within ±8%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±6%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±5%, and more preferably an error / deviation within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its role in the scheme of the present invention.

[0027] In addition, the expressions “first”, “second”, “third”, etc., which appear in the terms, are merely used to distinguish the description of the same or similar components and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of specific components.

[0028] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "plurality" and "a number" represent at least 2. It can be any number such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and even more than 9.

[0029] In addition, in the description of the technical solution of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified / defined / restricted, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connected", "provided with", "laid", and "arranged" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, and can be welding, riveting, bolting, threading, and other commonly used connection means in the field. This connection can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements.

[0030] Example 1 like Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, an automatic grain loading and unloading device includes a frame body 1, the frame body 1 is provided with a walking mechanism 11, a grain unloading mechanism 2, a grain receiving mechanism 3, a cleaning mechanism 4 and a conveying mechanism are integrated and installed on the frame body 1, and the grain unloading mechanism 2, the grain receiving mechanism 3, the cleaning mechanism 4 and the conveying mechanism are connected in sequence. Taking the grain unloading process as an example, the conveying mechanism is used to transport the grain passing through the cleaning mechanism 4 to a designated storage location.

[0031] In one or several embodiments, the frame body 1 can be a steel frame structure, which is the main structure of the unloading device and the installation base of various equipment, and can bear the weight of all the equipment integrated thereon; the walking mechanism 11 can be an integration of wheels and drive devices, which is installed on the bottom surface of the frame body 1, near the four corners, to drive the unloading device to move.

[0032] In an optional implementation, the traveling mechanism 11 may be an integration of wheels and motors, where the motors are used to drive the wheels to rotate, and the motors may be powered by batteries or generators.

[0033] In one or more embodiments, a cantilever frame 12 is provided on the frame body 1, and the grain unloading mechanism 2 is slidably arranged on the cantilever frame 12, and the height below the cantilever frame 12 meets the parking of the grain transport vehicle 9. The grain transport vehicle 9 can directly dock under the grain unloading mechanism 2 to automatically load and unload grain, thereby improving the operation efficiency. At the same time, the grain unloading mechanism 2 can move according to the position of grain in the grain transport vehicle 9, and complete the unloading of the entire grain transport vehicle 9 at one time, thereby avoiding manual pushing of grain and further improving the efficiency of bulk grain storage.

[0034] In an optional embodiment, the cantilever frame 12 can be a frame structure member that cantileverly extends out of the upper part of one side of the frame body 1. The distance from the bottom surface of the cantilever frame 12 to the ground meets the maximum height requirement of the grain truck 9, so as to meet the parking of the grain truck 9 under the cantilever frame 12, and facilitate the unloading of grain in the grain truck 9 by the grain unloading mechanism 2.

[0035] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the cantilever frame 12 extends out of one side of the frame body 1 in the width direction, forming a space on one side of the frame body 1 that matches the lateral characteristics of the grain transport vehicle 9.

[0036] In an optional embodiment, the longitudinal length of the frame body 1 can be less than or equal to the longitudinal dimension of the grain transport vehicle, and the cantilever frame 12 can be arranged with the same length as the frame body 1.

[0037] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, a platform, ladder and other supporting structures are arranged on one side of the frame body 1 away from the cantilever frame 12 to facilitate the integrated installation and maintenance of various equipment.

[0038] In an optional implementation, the cantilever frame 12 may be fixed to the frame body 1 mechanically or connected by welding.

[0039] like Figure 1-Figure 2 , Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the frame body 1 has a longitudinal direction of travel, and the cantilever frame 12 includes two longitudinal beams extending longitudinally along the frame body 1, which can match the long longitudinal hopper characteristics of the grain transport vehicle 9, and the grain unloading mechanism 2 can be slidably set on the longitudinal beams of the cantilever frame 12 to realize the unloading of grain at different positions in the grain transport vehicle 9.

[0040] In one or more embodiments, the conveying mechanism includes a screw conveyor 5, a pitch conveyor 6 and a horizontal conveyor 7 which are connected in sequence, and the horizontal conveyor 7 can be raised and lowered, extended and rotated relative to the frame body 1. A combination of multiple conveyors can realize the transportation of grain in different directions, so that the grain can be smoothly loaded and unloaded.

[0041] In an optional embodiment, the pitch conveyor 6 and the horizontal conveyor 7 can be belt conveyors to achieve smooth reception and transportation of grain through their wider conveying surface. The pitch conveyor 6 has a height difference at both ends of the conveying direction, and the pitch conveyor 6 has pitch and telescopic functions to match the position change of the grain feeding side of the horizontal conveyor 7 during the lifting, telescoping or rotation process. The horizontal conveyor 7 has lifting, telescoping and rotation functions. The lifting function can meet the height requirements of the grain inlet of different warehouses. The telescopic function can meet the requirements of the horizontal conveyor 7 to extend into the warehouse for loading, and retract after the loading is completed to reduce the overall structural volume of the loading and unloading device. The rotation function can meet the requirements of the horizontal conveyor 7 to rotate in the direction according to the working conditions.

[0042] In an optional embodiment, the shape changes of the pitch conveyor 6 and the horizontal conveyor 7 can be driven by a hydraulic mechanism or a motor.

[0043] In this embodiment, the horizontal conveyor 7 can maintain a state parallel to the longitudinal direction of the frame body 1 during the movement of the unloading device, and can maintain a state perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the frame body 1 during the loading and unloading process. The horizontal conveyor 7 switches between different states according to actual working conditions.

[0044] In one or more embodiments, the grain receiving mechanism 3, the cleaning mechanism 4, the screw conveyor 5 and the pitching conveyor 6 can be respectively arranged along the same direction of the frame body 1, and the cleaning mechanism 4 and the screw conveyor 5 are arranged between the grain receiving mechanism 3 and the pitching conveyor 6; the grain receiving mechanism 3 is horizontally arranged on the frame body 1, and the cleaning mechanism 4, the screw conveyor 5 and the pitching conveyor 6 are inclinedly arranged on the frame body 1. By rationally planning and arranging the installation positions of various devices on the frame body 1 and making full use of the installation space of the frame body 1, the loading and unloading device has a compact structure and occupies less space.

[0045] like Figure 2-Figure 3 As shown, in an optional embodiment, the grain receiving mechanism 3, the cleaning mechanism 4, the screw conveyor 5 and the pitching conveyor 6 are respectively arranged along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle frame 1, the grain receiving mechanism 3 is arranged below the grain discharge side of the grain unloading mechanism 2, the feeding port of the cleaning mechanism 4 is located below the grain discharge side of the grain receiving mechanism 3, the discharging port of the cleaning mechanism 4 is located above the grain feeding side of the screw conveyor 5, the grain discharge side of the screw conveyor 5 is located above the grain feeding side of the pitching conveyor 6, and the grain discharge side of the pitching conveyor 6 is connected to the horizontal conveyor 7. By rationally planning and arranging the installation position and state of each device, the smooth transportation of grain between the devices is realized.

[0046] In an optional embodiment, the grain receiving mechanism 3 can be a belt conveyor arranged longitudinally along the frame body 1, arranged on one side of the grain unloading mechanism 2, for receiving the grain delivered by the grain unloading mechanism 2, and delivering the grain to the feeding port of the cleaning mechanism 4; the cleaning mechanism 4 can be a tubular vibrating screening and conveying mechanism, which is arranged obliquely below the grain receiving mechanism 3, and can convey grain from top to bottom, so as to receive the grain delivered by the grain receiving mechanism 3, screen out the loose grain impurities in the grain, and discharge them through the impurity outlet 41 arranged thereon; the screw conveyor 5 is matched with the cleaning mechanism 4, and can be arranged obliquely below the cleaning mechanism 4, so as to convey the grain that has passed through The grain of the cleaning mechanism 4 is transported from bottom to top to the pitch conveyor 6; the pitch conveyor 6 can be tiltedly arranged on one side of the screw conveyor 5 and the cleaning mechanism 4, and is used to continue to transport the grain passing through the screw conveyor 5 from bottom to top to the horizontal conveyor 7. The horizontal conveyor 7 is arranged at a higher position on the top of the frame body 1 to match the grain loading and unloading in the grain warehouse, and can meet the grain loading and unloading operations through the warehouse windows. The equipment is arranged parallel to each other longitudinally and side by side in the width direction in coordination with the grain transportation direction. The equipment is matched with each other by height tilting to improve the degree of integration of the device and ensure that the grain can be smoothly transported.

[0047] In an optional embodiment, the cleaning mechanism 4 can be equipped with a bag-type or pulse dust removal mechanism to achieve a dust removal function to remove dust impurities in the grain.

[0048] In one or more embodiments, the grain receiving mechanism 3 is provided with a speed sensor and a weighing sensor, which can monitor the belt speed and weigh the grain in real time online, so that the operator can timely understand the grain conveying status according to the relevant results and perform appropriate operation control.

[0049] In one or more embodiments, the grain unloading mechanism 2 is connected to a dynamic sensing and recognition system and an automatic control system, and can automatically search, identify and transport grain, which is conducive to realizing online control and automated operation of the device.

[0050] In an optional implementation, the dynamic perception and recognition system may include a high-definition camera, a three-dimensional camera or a lidar, which can automatically identify the operation process through a supporting software system.

[0051] In one or more embodiments, the grain unloading mechanism 2 includes an unloading mechanism 21, a lifting mechanism 22, a first moving mechanism 23, a second moving mechanism 24 and an auxiliary conveyor 25; a first track 13 is provided on the cantilever frame 12, and the first moving mechanism 23 is slidably arranged on the first track 13; a second track 26 is provided on the first moving mechanism 23, and the second moving mechanism 24 is slidably arranged on the second track 26; the auxiliary conveyor 25 is arranged on the first moving mechanism 23, the lifting mechanism 22 is arranged on the second moving mechanism 24, and the unloading mechanism 21 is connected to the lifting mechanism 22. In this way, the grain unloading mechanism 2 can move horizontally and vertically and lift in the height direction on the frame body 1.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, in an optional embodiment, the first moving mechanism 23 includes a first frame 231 and a first wheel 232, the second moving mechanism 24 includes a second frame 241 and a second wheel 242, the second track 26 is arranged on the first frame 231, the lifting mechanism 22 is arranged on the second frame 241, and a guide mechanism is arranged between the unloading mechanism 21 and the lifting mechanism 22. The unloading mechanism 2 can adjust the horizontal, vertical and height positions relative to the frame body 1 according to actual conditions.

[0053] In an optional implementation, the unloading mechanism 21 may be slidably connected to the lifting mechanism 22 via a guide mechanism, and the guide mechanism may be a guide rail, a guide wheel or a steel rail.

[0054] In an optional embodiment, the unloading mechanism 21 can lift and transport grain from bottom to top; the first frame 231 and the second frame 241 can both be steel component assemblies, providing a sliding installation foundation for the unloading mechanism 21 and the lifting mechanism 22; the auxiliary conveyor 25 can be a belt conveyor, used to transport the grain lifted by the unloading mechanism 21 to the grain receiving mechanism 3; the unloading mechanism 21 is connected to the lifting mechanism 22 through a guide mechanism, and the lifting mechanism 22 is installed on the second frame 241 to drive the unloading mechanism 21 to rise and fall vertically to match the unloading height.

[0055] like Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the first rails 13 are respectively arranged on the two longitudinal beams of the cantilever frame 12, so that the grain unloading mechanism 2 can move back and forth along the longitudinal direction of the frame body 1 under the action of the first moving mechanism 23, which can better match the unloading of grain in the grain transport vehicle 9 longitudinally parked on the side of the loading and unloading device, thereby improving the grain unloading efficiency; the second rail 26 is perpendicular to the first rail 13 and is arranged horizontally along the cantilever frame 12, so that the grain unloading mechanism 2 can move back and forth along the transverse direction of the frame body 1 under the action of the second moving mechanism 24, so as to adjust the position of the unloading mechanism 21 and realize the full unloading of grain at different transverse positions in the grain transport vehicle 9; the auxiliary conveyor 25 is parallel to the second rail 26, is arranged horizontally along the cantilever frame 12, and is fixedly connected to the crossbeam of the first frame 231, so that the grain output by the unloading mechanism 21 can be transported to the grain receiving mechanism 3 over a shorter distance.

[0056] In an optional embodiment, the unloading mechanism 21 includes a spiral lifting mechanism, which includes at least one spiral channel 211 , and the discharge port of the spiral lifting mechanism is located above the auxiliary conveyor 25 .

[0057] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the spiral lifting mechanism can be an axial double-spiral mechanism, including a feed port spiral and a lifting spiral. The feed port spiral has a larger diameter than the lifting spiral, forming two spiral channels 211. When working, the lifting spiral rotates, and the grain is continuously screwed into the spiral channel 211 through the feed port spiral and pushed into the lifting spiral, so that the grain is lifted to a high place and unloaded onto the auxiliary conveyor 25.

[0058] The automatic grain loading and unloading device of the present embodiment integrates the grain unloading mechanism 2, the grain receiving mechanism 3, the cleaning mechanism 4 and the conveying mechanism on the frame body 1, so as to integrate the functions of grain unloading, cleaning and conveying. It has a high degree of integration, a compact structure, a low manufacturing cost and occupies a small area, avoids the work of manual on-site equipment handling and overlapping, greatly reduces the amount of manual work, reduces labor cost and energy consumption, and at the same time, can realize automation and continuous operation through automatic control of each device, adopts on-site remote control or online control and other methods, completes the grain unloading of the entire grain transport vehicle 9 at one time, avoids manual pushing of grain, further saves grain loading and unloading time, improves the efficiency of bulk grain storage, and makes the operating environment of the grain storage process more friendly and safe. During the grain loading and unloading process, the grain transport vehicle 9 directly drives to the bottom of the unloading device, automatically unloads grain through the grain unloading mechanism 2, and conveys the grain in turn through the grain receiving mechanism 3, the cleaning mechanism 4, the screw conveyor 5 and the pitch conveyor 6, and finally the grain is loaded into the warehouse or other loading is completed by the horizontal conveyor 7.

[0059] Example 2 like Figure 4As shown, an automatic grain loading and unloading device of the present embodiment is based on the embodiment 1, and the grain unloading mechanism 2 also includes a grain suction mechanism 8, the grain suction mechanism 8 includes a grain suction pipe 81, a lifting unit 82, an air suction device 83 and a grain discharge head 84, the lifting unit 82 is arranged on the second moving mechanism 24, the grain suction pipe 81 is connected to the lifting unit 82, the feed port of the grain suction pipe 81 is connected to the flexible pipe, the discharge port is connected to the air suction device 83, the grain discharge head 84 is connected to the air suction device 83 and the grain receiving mechanism 3, and the air suction device 83 is arranged in the frame body 1.

[0060] In the automatic grain loading and unloading device of the present embodiment, the spiral lifting mechanism needs to maintain a certain distance from the bottom and periphery of the grain transport vehicle 9 when rotating at high speed, and there are four dead angles with the bottom of the grain transport vehicle 9, resulting in a small amount of surplus grain in the vehicle. Therefore, by further adding a grain suction mechanism 8, the grain outlet head 84 of the grain suction mechanism 8 is set above the grain receiving mechanism 3, and the grain is transmitted to the pitching conveyor 6 through the grain suction mechanism 8, the grain receiving mechanism 3, the cleaning mechanism 4, and the spiral conveyor 5, so as to realize the air suction conveying of the surplus grain in the grain transport vehicle 9 that is not easily conveyed by the spiral lifting mechanism. The combination of the spiral lifting mechanism and the grain suction mechanism 8 can not only complete the full mechanized output of the grain in the entire grain transport vehicle 9 at one time, avoid manual pushing of grain, and improve the efficiency of bulk grain storage, but also only the small amount of surplus grain that cannot be lifted by the spiral lifting mechanism is conveyed by air suction. Compared with the equipment that uses air suction for grain loading and unloading, it has lower power and is more energy-saving.

[0061] In an optional embodiment, the grain suction pipe 81 is vertically arranged and can be raised and lowered by a lifting unit 82 to adjust the position of the feed port of the grain suction pipe 81. A soft connection can be used between the discharge port of the grain suction pipe 81 and the air suction device 83 to achieve smooth transportation of grain.

[0062] In an optional embodiment, the grain suction pipe 81 can be slidably connected to the lifting mechanism 22 via a guide mechanism, and the guide mechanism can be a guide rail, a guide wheel or a steel rail.

[0063] In an optional embodiment, the lifting mechanism 22 and the lifting unit 82 can be a combination of a frame structure, a guide mechanism and a driving mechanism. The unloading mechanism 21 and the grain suction pipe 81 can be respectively connected to the corresponding frame structures. The driving mechanism drives the frame structure to move along the guiding mechanism to realize the lifting function of the unloading mechanism 21 and the grain suction pipe 81.

[0064] In an optional embodiment, the lifting mechanism 22 and the lifting unit 82 can be driven to lift by a hydraulic or electric drive mechanism, and the drive mechanism can be a cylinder, a screw nut or a gear rack pair.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic grain loading and unloading device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vehicle frame (1), wherein the vehicle frame (1) is provided with a walking mechanism (11), and a grain unloading mechanism (2), a grain receiving mechanism (3), a cleaning mechanism (4) and a conveying mechanism are integrally mounted on the vehicle frame (1), and the grain unloading mechanism (2), the grain receiving mechanism (3), the cleaning mechanism (4) and the conveying mechanism are sequentially connected.

2. The automatic grain loading and unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame body (1) is provided with a cantilever frame (12), and the grain unloading mechanism (2) is slidably arranged on the cantilever frame (12), and the height below the cantilever frame (12) is sufficient for the grain transport vehicle (9) to dock.

3. The automatic grain loading and unloading device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conveying mechanism comprises a screw conveyor (5), a pitch conveyor (6) and a horizontal conveyor (7) which are connected in sequence, and the horizontal conveyor (7) can be lifted, retracted and rotated relative to the vehicle frame (1).

4. The automatic grain loading and unloading device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The grain receiving mechanism (3), the cleaning mechanism (4), the screw conveyor (5) and the pitching conveyor (6) are respectively arranged along the same direction of the frame body (1), and the cleaning mechanism (4) and the screw conveyor (5) are arranged between the grain receiving mechanism (3) and the pitching conveyor (6); The grain receiving mechanism (3) is horizontally arranged on the frame body (1), and the cleaning mechanism (4), the screw conveyor (5) and the pitch conveyor (6) are inclinedly arranged on the frame body (1); The grain receiving mechanism (3) is arranged below the grain discharge side of the grain unloading mechanism (2); the feed port of the cleaning mechanism (4) is located below the grain discharge side of the grain receiving mechanism (3); the discharge port of the cleaning mechanism (4) is located above the grain feed side of the screw conveyor (5); the grain discharge side of the screw conveyor (5) is located above the grain feed side of the pitch conveyor (6); and the grain discharge side of the pitch conveyor (6) is connected to the horizontal conveyor (7).

5. An automatic grain loading and unloading device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The grain receiving mechanism (3) is provided with a speed sensor and a weighing sensor.

6. An automatic grain loading and unloading device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The grain unloading mechanism (2) is connected to a dynamic sensing and recognition system and an automatic control system.

7. The automatic grain loading and unloading device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The grain unloading mechanism (2) comprises an unloading mechanism (21), a lifting mechanism (22), a first moving mechanism (23), a second moving mechanism (24) and an auxiliary conveyor (25); the cantilever frame (12) is provided with a first track (13), and the first moving mechanism (23) is slidably arranged on the first track (13); the first moving mechanism (23) is provided with a second track (26), the second track (26) is perpendicular to the first track (13), and the second moving mechanism (24) is slidably arranged on the second track (26); the auxiliary conveyor (25) is arranged on the first moving mechanism (23), the auxiliary conveyor (25) is connected to the unloading mechanism (21) and the grain receiving mechanism (3), the lifting mechanism (22) is arranged on the second moving mechanism (24), and the unloading mechanism (21) is connected to the lifting mechanism (22).

8. The automatic grain loading and unloading device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first moving mechanism (23) comprises a first frame (231) and a first wheel (232), the second moving mechanism (24) comprises a second frame (241) and a second wheel (242), the second track (26) is arranged on the first frame (231), the lifting mechanism (22) is arranged on the second frame (241), and a guiding mechanism is arranged between the unloading mechanism (21) and the lifting mechanism (22).

9. The automatic grain loading and unloading device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The unloading mechanism (21) comprises a spiral lifting mechanism, the spiral lifting mechanism comprises at least one spiral channel (211), and the discharge port of the spiral lifting mechanism is located above the auxiliary conveyor (25).

10. The automatic grain loading and unloading device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The grain unloading mechanism (2) also includes a grain suction mechanism (8), which includes a grain suction pipe (81), a lifting unit (82), an air suction device (83) and a grain discharge head (84). The lifting unit (82) is arranged on the second moving mechanism (24). The grain suction pipe (81) is connected to the lifting unit (82). A guiding mechanism is arranged between the grain suction pipe (81) and the lifting unit (82). The feed port of the grain suction pipe (81) is connected to a flexible pipe, and the discharge port is connected to the air suction device (83). The grain discharge head (84) is connected to the air suction device (83) and the grain receiving mechanism (3). The air suction device (83) is arranged in the frame body (1).

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