Safety tongs and elevator car system

Abstract

The invention discloses safety tongs and an elevator car system, relates to the technical field of elevator braking equipment, and solves the problem that existing elevator safety tongs are difficult to reset under the action of static friction force. The clamp body is provided with a moving space for guide rails on the two sides of an elevator to penetrate through up and down; one side of the movable brake block is provided with a first brake surface which can be in frictional contact with guide rails on the two sides of the elevator; the side, close to the movable brake block, of the fixed brake block is provided with a second brake face capable of making friction contact with guide rails on the two sides of the elevator. A backing plate; the spring is located between the base plate and the clamp body and can apply pre-tightening force to the base plate. The safety tongs have the advantages of being simple in structure, easy to reset and the like, the fixed brake block and the movable brake block can synchronously move downwards so that unlocking can be automatically completed, through the structural design, the safety tongs are easier to unlock, and the safety tongs can automatically reset along with movement of a lift car without external force interference.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of elevator braking equipment, in particular to a safety clamp and an elevator car system. Background Art

[0002] The safety clamp is an important safety component of the elevator equipment, which can play an important role in safety protection when the elevator is overspeeding or out of control. The action of the safety clamp device is to make the rope clamp clamp the speed limiter rope through the speed limiter action. As the car moves downward, the speed limiter rope pulls the safety clamp linkage mechanism, and the safety clamp linkage mechanism is actuated, driving the safety clamp brake element to contact the guide rail, so that the safety clamp brake elements on both sides of the guide rail are clamped on the guide rail at the same time, so that the car is stopped.

[0003] In the prior art, for example, the elevator safety clamp disclosed in publication number CN117342367A has guide rails on both sides of the elevator passing up and down between the movable wedge and the fixed wedge. When the elevator falls at a high speed, the movable wedge will move upward driven by the speed limiter rope. At this time, the movable wedge will gradually approach the guide rail and cling to it. Since the guide rail is stationary, when the movable wedge continues to move upward and cling to it, it will drive the safety clamp as a whole to move horizontally, so that the fixed wedge approaches the guide rail and clings to it. The fixed wedge and the movable wedge will clamp and lock the guide rail. Under the action of static friction, the elevator will be stopped and will not continue to fall down. If the safety clamp is to be reset, the elevator needs to move upward to make the movable wedge move downward and loosen the guide rail. The fixed wedge cannot move up and down due to the limitation of the notch on the base, and can only move left and right. Because the fixed wedge is always in static friction contact with the guide rail under the action of the adjusting gasket, and the movable wedge is also in static friction contact with the guide rail, the static friction between the fixed wedge, the movable wedge and the guide rail will be very large. When the elevator moves upward, it will be difficult for the movable wedge and the fixed wedge to break away from the guide rail under the action of the static friction, loosening the guide rail and unlocking the safety clamp will be very difficult. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to design a safety clamp and an elevator car system, which solves the problem that the existing elevator safety clamp is difficult to reset due to the action of static friction.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to achieve the above object is a safety clamp, comprising: A clamp body, wherein the clamp body has a movable space for guide rails on both sides of the elevator to pass through up and down; A movable brake block, the movable brake block is located at one side of the movable space, one side of the movable brake block cooperates with the inclined surface of the retaining wall on the caliper body and can move up and down relative to the caliper body, and the other side has a first braking surface that can frictionally contact with the guide rails on both sides of the elevator, and the first braking surface of the movable brake block can gradually approach or move away from the guide rail during the upward or downward movement; A fixed brake block, the fixed brake block is located at the other side of the activity space, and a side of the fixed brake block close to the movable brake block has a second brake surface capable of frictionally contacting with the guide rails on both sides of the elevator; A backing plate, the fixed brake block being able to slide up and down in contact with the backing plate; A spring is located between the backing plate and the caliper body and can apply a pre-tightening force to the backing plate.

[0006] Furthermore, a needle roller component is provided on one side of the movable brake block having the inclined surface, and the needle roller component is located between the movable brake block and the caliper body.

[0007] Furthermore, a cover plate is provided on the caliper body, a strip hole is formed on the cover plate, the strip hole is parallel to the inclined surface on the movable brake block, a pin is provided on the movable brake block, and one end of the pin passes through the strip hole.

[0008] Furthermore, an adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the top of the caliper body, and one end of the adjusting screw extends into the movable space and can abut against the movable brake block to limit the upper and lower movable distances of the movable brake block.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes: at least one adjusting rod, one end of which is connected to the caliper body and the other end of which is formed with a guide portion; A limit rod, wherein the guide portion of the adjusting rod has an insertion hole extending vertically therethrough, the limit rod passes through the insertion hole, and both ends of the limit rod are respectively inserted into the fixed brake block; A limiting groove is provided on the side of the fixed brake block away from the second braking surface, and the limiting groove extends along the length direction of the guide rail. The adjusting rod can pass through the pad, and the guiding part can be embedded in the limiting groove and slide up and down in contact with the limiting groove, and the spring is sleeved on the adjusting rod.

[0010] Furthermore, a mounting groove is provided on the caliper body, a gap is provided between the mounting groove and the movable space, the length of the limiting rod does not exceed the length of the gap, the pad and the spring are both located in the mounting groove, and the fixed brake block can pass through the gap and frictionally contact the guide rail.

[0011] Furthermore, the length of the pad does not exceed the length of the notch, and the length of the fixed brake block is less than the length of the notch.

[0012] Furthermore, one end of the adjusting rod away from the guide portion is threadedly connected with a nut.

[0013] Furthermore, guide planes capable of slidingly contacting the limiting groove are formed on the front and rear sides of the guide portion.

[0014] The present invention also provides an elevator car system, comprising the safety clamp as described above, and also comprising a car, an elevator speed limiter, a pull rope and a guide rail, the safety clamp being arranged on both sides of the car and being able to move horizontally along the car, the guide rail being able to pass up and down between the movable brake block and the fixed brake block, the elevator speed limiter being installed at the top of the hoistway of the elevator shaft or in the machine room, one end of the pull rope being connected to the elevator speed limiter, and the other end being transmission-connected to the movable brake block.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects are: The safety clamp proposed in the present invention has the advantages of simple structure and easy reset. The safety clamp is cleverly provided with two fixed brake blocks and a pad that can slide up and down relatively. When the elevator falls at a high speed, the movable brake block will move upward under the transmission of the pull rope. Under the action of the inclined plane, the first braking surface on the movable brake block will gradually fit closely with the guide rail. At the same time, the clamp body will move laterally relative to the elevator car, so that the fixed brake block slowly approaches the guide rail, and the second braking surface on the fixed brake block is tightly fitted to the other side of the guide rail under the action of the spring. The movable brake block and the fixed brake block will hold the two sides of the guide rail tightly to complete the stopping of the elevator; when the safety clamp needs to be unlocked, the elevator car moves upward, and the movable brake block and the fixed brake block are stationary relative to the guide rail under the action of static friction, and relative sliding occurs between the fixed brake block and the pad, and relative sliding occurs between the movable brake block and the clamp body. The movable brake block and the fixed brake block move synchronously, so that the clamp body moves upward with the car, and slowly loosens the guide rail to complete the unlocking and resetting. This structural design makes it easier to unlock the safety clamp, and it can automatically reset as the car moves without external interference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the safety gear in the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the safety gear in the present invention when the cover plate is removed; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the safety clamp in the present invention when the cover plate and the fixed brake block are removed; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamp body in the safety clamp; Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the movable brake block in the safety clamp; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the fixed brake block and the backing plate in the safety clamp are separated; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed brake block in the safety clamp; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fixed brake block in the safety clamp from another perspective; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment rod in the safety clamp; Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the coordination between the safety clamp and the guide rail when the safety clamp is in the reset state; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the coordination between the safety clamp and the guide rail when the safety clamp is in working state.

[0017] In the figure, 1, caliper body; 101, movable space; 102, mounting groove; 103, notch; 2, movable brake block; 21, first brake surface; 3, pad; 4, fixed brake block; 41, second brake surface; 401, limit groove; 402, round hole; 5, adjusting rod; 51, guide part; 511, guide plane; 501, insertion hole; 6, disc spring; 7, needle roller component; 8, cover plate; 801, blocking part; 9, adjusting screw; 10, pin shaft; 11, retaining ring; 12, nut; 13, limit rod; 14, guide rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. Based on the embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a safety clamp, which is used to be installed on the left and right sides of the elevator car, and can be moved along the guide rail 14 ( Figure 1-3 Not shown, see Fig.10 ) moves up and down, and the safety clamp is used to hold the guide rail 14 tightly when the elevator falls at a high speed to prevent the elevator from falling downward.

[0020] The safety clamp is mainly composed of a clamp body 1, a movable brake block 2, a fixed brake block 4, a pad 3, an adjusting rod 5, a limiting rod 13 and a spring, wherein the clamp body 1 has a sufficiently large movable space 101 for the guide rails 14 on both sides of the elevator to pass through and move the movable brake block 2. The movable brake block 2 is a wedge-shaped block, which cooperates with the inclined surface of the retaining wall on the clamp body 1. A needle roller component 7 is arranged between the inclined surfaces of the two, which is used to convert the sliding friction between the movable brake block 2 and the clamp body 1 into rolling friction, reducing the friction force, so that the movable wedge block can move up and down. The movable brake block 2 will gradually enter the movable space 101 and approach the guide rail 14 during the upward movement.

[0021] like Figure 5 As shown, the movable brake block 2 has a braking surface on one side close to the guide rail 14, namely a first braking surface 21. The first braking surface 21 is a friction surface, which will be in friction contact with one side of the guide rail 14, and the guide rail 14 will be locked under the action of static friction.

[0022] like Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, a mounting groove 102 is also provided on the caliper body 1, and the mounting groove 102 is located on the side of the caliper body 1 away from the movable brake block 2. The backing plate 3 and the adjusting rod 5 are both located in the mounting groove 102, and the fixed brake block 4 is in sliding contact with the backing plate 3 up and down. There is a notch 103 on one side of the mounting groove 102, and the notch 103 is used to limit the vertical movement distance of the fixed brake block 4. At the same time, at least a part of the fixed brake block 4 extends into the activity space 101 through the notch 103, so as to have friction contact with the guide rail 14, and the backing plate 3 can also extend into the notch 103, but cannot move up and down.

[0023] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 Two adjusting rods 5 are provided, and the two adjusting rods 5 are arranged in parallel, and one end thereof is inserted from the mounting groove 102 to the outside of the caliper body 1, and is threadedly connected with the nut 12. A limiting groove 401 is provided on one side of the fixed brake block 4, and the limiting groove 401 extends along the length direction of the fixed brake block 4. A guide portion 51 is formed at one end of the adjusting rod 5 away from the nut 12, and after the end passes through the backing plate 3, the guide portion 51 will be embedded in the limiting groove 401 and slide in contact with the limiting groove 401. The backing plate 3 can slide relative to the axial direction of the adjusting rod 5.

[0024] A plurality of disc springs 6 are sleeved on each adjusting rod 5, and the disc springs 6 apply a preload force to the backing plate 3, so that the fixed brake block 4 protrudes from the notch 103, and a part of it is exposed in the activity space 101. By adjusting the position of the nut 12 on the adjusting rod 5, the length of the adjusting rod 5 extending into the installation groove 102 can be adjusted, so that the size of the preload force applied by the disc spring 6 to the backing plate 3 can be adjusted.

[0025] The length of the backing plate 3 generally does not exceed the length of the notch 103. In this embodiment, the length of the backing plate 3 is consistent with the length of the notch 103, so that the notch 103 can limit the backing plate 3. Since the fixed brake block 4 can slide up and down relative to the backing plate 3, the length of the fixed brake block 4 is generally smaller than the length of the notch 103, so that there is enough space for the fixed brake block 4 to move up and down.

[0026] like Figure 8 As shown, the fixed brake block 4 has a braking surface on the side away from the backing plate 3, namely, a second braking surface 41. The second braking surface 41 is also a friction surface, which will frictionally contact with the other side of the guide rail 14 (i.e., the side away from the movable brake block 2), and lock the guide rail 14 under the action of static friction.

[0027] A guide plane 511 is provided on the surface of the guide portion 51 of the two adjusting rods 5 that contacts the limit groove 401, i.e., the front and rear sides and the end surface of the guide portion 51. When the fixed brake block 4 slides up and down relative to the backing plate 3, the guide plane 511 on the guide portion 51 can play a guiding role.

[0028] like Figure 6 As shown, in order to prevent the fixed brake block 4 from being disengaged, a limiting rod 13 is provided on the guide portion 51 on the two adjusting rods 5 , and circular holes 402 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the limiting groove 401 .

[0029] See also Fig. 9 The guide portion 51 of the adjusting rod 5 has an insertion hole 501 that passes through the two insertion holes 501 on the two guide portions 51 in sequence, and the two ends of the limiting rod 13 pass through the round holes 402 on the upper and lower sides of the limiting groove 401. The limiting rod 13 can limit the fixed brake block 4 so that the fixed brake block 4 will not separate from the backing plate 3, and the fixed brake block 4 can only slide up and down relative to the backing plate 3.

[0030] The length of the limiting rod 13 is generally not longer than the length of the notch 103. In this embodiment, it is preferred that the length of the limiting rod 13 is substantially the same as the length of the notch 103.

[0031] In other technical solutions, the limiting rod 13 may not pass through the circular holes 402 on the upper and lower sides of the limiting groove 401, and only the two ends of the limiting rod 13 need to be inserted into the fixed brake block 4 to limit the fixed brake block 4. The limiting rod 13 may not be inserted into the guide portion 51, but may be fixed to the guide portion 51.

[0032] like Figure 1As shown, a cover plate 8 is provided on the caliper body 1 in front of the movable brake block 2, and the cover plate 8 is fixedly mounted on the caliper body 1 by screws, and covers the movable brake block 2 to restrict it on the caliper body 1. The lower side of the cover plate 8 is bent to form a blocking portion 801, which can prevent the needle roller component 7 from detaching from the caliper body 1.

[0033] A strip hole is provided on the cover plate 8, and the extending direction of the strip hole is consistent with the sliding direction of the movable brake block 2. A pin shaft 10 is provided on the movable brake block 2, and the upper end of the pin shaft 10 passes through the strip hole and is connected to a retaining ring 11, and the retaining ring 11 can prevent the pin shaft 10 from being separated from the strip hole. The pin shaft 10 cooperates with the strip hole to play a guiding role.

[0034] An adjusting screw 9 is also provided at the top of the caliper body 1, and the adjusting screw 9 is threadedly connected to the caliper body 1. The adjusting screw 9 is located above the movable brake block 2, and the lower end of the adjusting screw 9 is inserted into the movable space 101. When the movable brake block 2 moves upward, the top of the movable brake block 2 will abut against the adjusting screw 9 to limit the upward movement distance of the movable brake block 2. By rotating the adjusting screw 9 and adjusting the length of the adjusting screw 9 extending into the movable space 101, the distance that the movable brake block 2 moves upward can be adjusted.

[0035] In other technical solutions, the adjusting screw 9 can also be directly set on the movable brake block 2, and the adjusting screw 9 is threadedly connected to the movable brake block 2. When the movable brake block 2 moves upward, the upper end of the adjusting screw 9 will abut against the inner wall of the caliper body 1, and can also limit the upward moving distance of the movable brake block 2. The function is the same.

[0036] The present invention also proposes an elevator car system, in which the safety clamp can be used. The elevator car system mainly includes a car, an elevator speed limiter, a pull rope, and guide rails 14 and safety clamps located on both sides of the car, wherein the car, the elevator speed limiter, and the pull rope are not shown in the figure.

[0037] The elevator speed limiter is generally installed at the top of the hoistway of the elevator shaft or in the machine room. The guide rail 14 is vertically fixed on the inner wall of the hoistway. The safety clamp is installed on the left and right sides of the car respectively. The clamp body 1 on the safety clamp can move horizontally relative to each other. The guide rail 14 passes through the safety clamp. One end of the pull rope is connected to the elevator speed limiter, and the other end is connected to the movable brake block 2 on the safety clamp.

[0038] Fig.10 and Fig.11The safety clamp is in the reset state and the working state respectively. When the elevator falls suddenly, the elevator speed limiter will hold the pull rope tightly, and the other end of the pull rope is connected to the movable brake block 2 on the safety clamp, which will pull the movable brake block 2 to move upward. Since the guide rails 14 on both sides of the elevator car are fixed, the movable brake block 2 will move obliquely upward with the cooperation of the inclined surface, gradually approaching the guide rail 14, and the first brake surface 21 on the movable brake block 2 will contact the guide rail 14 surface to surface and fit tightly to one side of the guide rail 14, and sliding friction will be generated between the first brake surface 21 and the guide rail 14.

[0039] The movable brake block 2 continues to move upward, and the caliper body 1 moves in the direction indicated by the arrow in the figure, that is, moves to the left. At this time, the fixed brake block 4 gradually approaches the guide rail 14, and the second brake surface 41 on the fixed brake block 4 gradually fits on the other side of the guide rail 14, and static friction is generated between the second brake surface 41 and the guide rail 14. Under the action of the static friction, the fixed brake block 4 slides upward relative to the backing plate 3 until the upper end of the fixed brake block 4 abuts against the upper side of the notch 103.

[0040] At this time, the squeezing force of the disc spring 6 on the fixed brake block 4 reaches the maximum, and the static friction between the fixed brake block 4 and the guide rail 14 also reaches the maximum, the fixed brake block 4 will be tightly attached to the guide rail 14, and the sliding friction between the movable brake block 2 and the guide rail 14 will also become static friction. Finally, the movable brake block 2 and the fixed brake block 4 cooperate with each other, and the first brake surface 21 and the second brake surface 41 respectively contact with the two sides of the guide rail 14 by friction, clamping the guide rail 14, and stopping the elevator under the action of static friction.

[0041] When the safety clamp needs to be unlocked, the elevator car moves upward. At this time, since the fixed brake block 4 is in sliding contact with the guide portion 51 of the adjusting rod 5 and the pad 3, the contact surface is smooth and the contact area is small, so the friction force will be very small. The static friction between the second brake surface 41 on the fixed brake block 4 and the guide rail 14 will be very large. At the moment when the car moves upward, the fixed brake block 4 and the movable brake block 2 are stationary relative to the guide rail 14, and the other parts of the safety clamp except the fixed brake block 4 and the movable brake block 2 will move upward relative to the guide rail 14 with the car. The fixed brake block 4 and the movable brake block 2 move downward synchronously relative to the clamp body 1. The fixed brake block 4 slides relative to the pad 3 and moves downward relative to the pad 3 until the lower end of the fixed brake block 4 abuts against the lower side of the notch 103.

[0042] At this time, after the movable brake block 2 moves obliquely downward relative to the caliper body 1, the static friction between the movable brake block 2 and the guide rail 14 will become smaller. The movable brake block 2 continues to move obliquely downward and gradually separates from the guide rail 14. When the caliper body 1 moves upward with the car, the caliper body 1 moves to the right. At this time, the fixed brake block 4 will also synchronously release the guide rail 14 together with the movable brake block 2, thereby completing the unlocking of the safety clamp.

[0043] The above technical solutions only reflect the preferred technical solutions of the technical solutions of the present invention. Some changes that may be made to certain parts thereof by technicians in this technical field all reflect the principles of the present invention and fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safety clamp, characterized in that: include: A clamp body (1), wherein the clamp body (1) has a movable space (101) for guide rails (14) on both sides of the elevator to pass through up and down; A movable brake block (2), the movable brake block (2) being located at one side of the movable space (101), one side of the movable brake block (2) being matched with the inclined surface of the retaining wall on the caliper body (1) and being movable up and down relative to the caliper body (1), and the other side of the movable brake block (2) having a first brake surface (21) capable of frictionally contacting the guide rails (14) on both sides of the elevator, and the first brake surface (21) being able to gradually approach or move away from the guide rail (14) during the upward or downward movement of the movable brake block (2); A fixed brake block (4), the fixed brake block (4) being located at the other side of the movable space (101), and having a second brake surface (41) on one side of the fixed brake block (4) close to the movable brake block (2) capable of frictionally contacting the guide rails (14) on both sides of the elevator; A backing plate (3), wherein the fixed brake block (4) is capable of slidingly contacting the backing plate (3) up and down; A spring is located between the backing plate (3) and the caliper body (1) and is capable of applying a pre-tightening force to the backing plate (3).

2. A safety clamp system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A needle roller component (7) is provided on one side of the movable brake block (2) having an inclined surface, and the needle roller component (7) is located between the movable brake block (2) and the caliper body (1).

3. A safety gear according to claim 2, characterized in that: The caliper body (1) is provided with a cover plate (8), the cover plate (8) is provided with a strip hole, the strip hole is parallel to the inclined surface on the movable brake block (2), the movable brake block (2) is provided with a pin shaft (10), one end of the pin shaft (10) passes through the strip hole.

4. A safety gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the caliper body (1) is threadedly connected with an adjusting screw (9), one end of which extends into the movable space (101) and is capable of abutting against the movable brake block (2) to limit the upward and downward movable distance of the movable brake block (2).

5. A safety gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: at least one adjusting rod (5), one end of the adjusting rod (5) being connected to the caliper body (1) and the other end of the adjusting rod (5) being formed with a guide portion (51); A limiting rod (13), wherein the guide portion (51) of the adjusting rod (5) has an insertion hole (501) extending vertically therethrough, the limiting rod (13) passes through the insertion hole (501), and both ends of the limiting rod (13) are respectively inserted into the fixed brake block (4); A limiting groove (401) is provided on a side of the fixed brake block (4) away from the second brake surface (41), the limiting groove (401) extending along the length direction of the guide rail (14), the adjusting rod (5) being capable of passing through the pad (3), and the guiding portion (51) being capable of being embedded in the limiting groove (401) and being in upward and downward sliding contact with the limiting groove (401), and the spring being sleeved on the adjusting rod (5).

6. A safety gear according to claim 5, characterized in that: The caliper body (1) is provided with a mounting groove (102), a gap (103) is provided between the mounting groove (102) and the activity space (101), the length of the limiting rod (13) does not exceed the length of the gap (103), the pad (3) and the spring are both located in the mounting groove (102), and the fixed brake block (4) can pass through the gap (103) and come into frictional contact with the guide rail (14).

7. A safety gear according to claim 6, characterized in that: The length of the backing plate (3) does not exceed the length of the notch (103), and the length of the fixed brake block (4) is less than the length of the notch (103).

8. A safety gear according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the adjusting rod (5) away from the guide portion (51) is threadedly connected with a nut (12).

9. A safety gear according to claim 5, characterized in that: The guide portion (51) is provided with guide planes (511) on the front and rear sides thereof, which are capable of slidingly contacting the limiting groove (401).

10. An elevator car system, characterized in that: It comprises the safety clamp as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, and also comprises a car, an elevator speed limiter, a pull rope and a guide rail (14), wherein the safety clamp is arranged on both sides of the car and can move horizontally along the car, the guide rail (14) can pass up and down between the movable brake block (2) and the fixed brake block (4), the elevator speed limiter is installed at the top of the hoistway of the elevator shaft or in the machine room, one end of the pull rope is connected to the elevator speed limiter, and the other end is connected to the movable brake block (2) in a transmission manner.

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