Composite bamboo residue fiber particle for asphalt pavement as well as preparation method and application of composite bamboo residue fiber particle

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite bamboo residue fiber particle for an asphalt pavement, the composite bamboo residue fiber particle is composed of 37%-60% of bamboo residue fiber, 34%-60% of a plastic base material and 3%-6% of an auxiliary agent, and the composite bamboo residue fiber particle is obtained by shearing and screening the bamboo residue fiber, mixing the bamboo residue fiber with the plastic base material and the auxiliary agent, heating, carrying out extrusion molding, and cutting into particles. And mixing the composite bamboo residue fiber particles with coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, asphalt and mineral powder to obtain the composite bamboo residue fiber reinforced asphalt mixture. Bamboo residue fibers are processed to obtain the granular bamboo residue fiber composite material, the preparation process is simple, the production cost is low, and the obtained composite bamboo residue fiber particles are convenient to transport, dry, damp-proof, free of caking in an asphalt mixture and good in dispersion effect, and can effectively improve the high-temperature performance and the crack resistance of an asphalt pavement; the method has important significance in providing novel road plant fibers, reducing crack damage of asphalt pavements and developing durable asphalt pavements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of road engineering material preparation in general molding of plastic state materials, and specifically relates to composite bamboo residue fiber particles for asphalt pavement and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Asphalt pavement is a plastic and flexible pavement with good road performance and is widely used in high-grade road construction in various countries around the world. However, with the increasing traffic load and the influence of severe climate, cracks often occur in asphalt pavements, which in turn cause water damage, reducing the road performance and service life of the road, and posing a hidden danger to safe driving. Fiber-reinforced asphalt mixture is currently a widely used asphalt mixture at home and abroad. The fiber forms a three-dimensional network structure inside the asphalt mixture. When the asphalt mixture is subjected to force, the fiber plays a role in reinforcement and bridging, preventing the expansion of cracks and increasing the service life of the asphalt pavement. The most widely used in the field of road engineering are polyester fiber, lignin fiber and mineral fiber. However, with the increasing environmental protection requirements for road construction and maintenance, the concept of green building has been widely accepted. While considering driving comfort and safety, it is also necessary to take into account the economy, environmental protection and sustainability of materials. However, lignin fiber is made of wood, and the slow growth cycle of wood has led to a shortage of lignin fiber raw materials, which to a certain extent limits the widespread application of green and environmentally friendly plant fiber materials in road engineering. Therefore, it is urgent to find a road fiber that is green, environmentally friendly and meets the requirements of sustainable development.

[0003] my country is rich in bamboo resources, which is a renewable resource. Regular felling of bamboo forests will promote their rapid growth, and bamboo will show obvious carbon sequestration and absorption effects during the production process. With the advancement of the current concept and practice of "replacing plastic with bamboo", a large amount of bamboo produces a large amount of waste after primary processing. These large amounts of waste are the source of bamboo residue fiber. Bamboo residue fiber not only has high breaking strength, but also has a better elongation at break. When added to asphalt mixture, it can effectively avoid brittle fracture of the pavement and improve the low-temperature performance of the pavement. At the same time, the surface of bamboo residue fiber is rough and porous, with a hollow structure and strong oil absorption. It has good adsorption and stabilization effects on asphalt. The bamboo residue fiber obtained by screening from bamboo residue is added to the asphalt mixture, which can not only improve the road performance of the asphalt pavement, but also realize the reuse of bamboo waste, so as to greatly improve the comprehensive utilization rate of bamboo resources. However, although bamboo residue fiber has good properties and has the potential to be used in road asphalt mixtures, it is easy to clump during the production and transportation of bamboo residue fiber, and it is also easy to disperse unevenly and form agglomerates during the mixing process of the mixture, which ultimately affects the road performance of the later asphalt mixture and cannot give full play to the excellent performance of bamboo residue fiber. Therefore, solving the agglomeration problem of bamboo residue fiber, allowing bamboo residue fiber to be evenly dispersed during the mixing process of asphalt mixture, giving full play to its own characteristics, and then improving the performance of asphalt mixture and extending the service life of asphalt pavement is an urgent problem to be solved at this stage.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a composite bamboo residue fiber particle for asphalt pavement and a preparation method and application thereof. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a composite bamboo residue fiber pellet for asphalt pavement in view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art. The composite bamboo residue fiber pellet adopts bamboo residue fiber and controls the dosage to play a good role in reinforcement, dispersion, adsorption, adhesion and stabilization when used as a fiber additive for asphalt mixture. The mesh structure of bamboo residue fiber in the mixture can effectively improve the flexibility and crack resistance of asphalt pavement, slow down the expansion speed of pavement cracks, thereby improving the pavement's anti-rutting, anti-cracking, anti-aging, water damage resistance and durability, and extending the service life of the road.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a composite bamboo residue fiber particle for asphalt pavement, characterized in that the composite bamboo residue fiber particle is composed of the following components in mass fraction: 37% to 60% bamboo residue fiber, 34% to 60% plastic base material and 3% to 6% additive.

[0007] The present invention adopts bamboo residue fiber and controls the dosage to play a good role in reinforcement, dispersion, adsorption, adhesion and stabilization when used as a fiber additive for asphalt mixture. The network structure of bamboo residue fiber in the mixture can effectively improve the flexibility and crack resistance of asphalt pavement, slow down the expansion speed of pavement cracks, thereby improving the pavement's resistance to rutting, cracking, aging, water damage and durability, and extending the service life of the road. Plastic base material is adopted and the dosage is controlled to play the role of adhering bamboo residue fiber, thereby improving the performance of composite bamboo residue fiber particles. Additives are added according to needs to enhance the anti-oxidation, anti-stripping, anti-aging and other properties of the composite bamboo residue fiber particles.

[0008] The above-mentioned composite bamboo residue fiber particles for asphalt pavement are characterized in that the composite bamboo residue fiber particles are composed of the following components in mass fractions: 45% to 55% bamboo residue fiber, 40% to 51% plastic base material and 4% to 5% additives.

[0009] The above-mentioned composite bamboo residue fiber particles for asphalt pavement are characterized in that the composite bamboo residue fiber particles are composed of the following components in mass fractions: 50% bamboo residue fiber, 45% plastic base material and 5% additives.

[0010] The above-mentioned composite bamboo residue fiber pellets for asphalt pavement are characterized in that the plastic base material is polyolefin, and the additives are silane coupling agent, antioxidant and anti-stripping agent. In the present invention, polyolefin is used as the plastic base material, which has a stable structure, excellent chemical properties, extremely low water absorption and excellent electrical insulation. More bamboo residue fibers can be adhered during the preparation process of the composite bamboo residue fiber pellets. After being added to the asphalt mixture, it is integrated into the asphalt, and the high temperature performance and anti-rutting performance of the mixture can also be improved.

[0011] It should be noted that the polyolefin is polyethylene or polypropylene, the antioxidant is an aromatic amine antioxidant, and the anti-stripping agent is an amine anti-stripping agent; the silane coupling agent and the anti-stripping agent will enhance the adhesion between asphalt and aggregate during the mixing process of the mixture, and the antioxidant will improve the anti-aging property of the asphalt mixture and extend the service life of the asphalt pavement.

[0012] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for preparing composite bamboo residue fiber particles for asphalt pavement, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: Step 1, vacuum drying: mechanically shear and sieve the bamboo residue fibers, then wash them with clean water, and finally spread them evenly in a shallow dish, and put them into a vacuum drying oven for drying to obtain dry bamboo residue fibers; Step 2, heating and forming: adding the dried bamboo residue fiber, plastic base material and additives obtained in step 1 into the feeding port of the granulator, then heating and mixing them evenly, and then extruding them into a tow-shaped mold to form a tow-shaped bamboo residue fiber composite material; Step 3, cooling and dehydrating: placing the tow-shaped bamboo residue fiber composite material obtained in step 2 into a water tank for cooling, and then drying; Step 4: Pelletizing: The bamboo residue fiber composite material in the form of filaments dried in step 3 is put into a pelletizer and cut into particles evenly to obtain composite bamboo residue fiber particles.

[0013] The present invention mechanically shears and sieves the bamboo residue fibers, classifies them according to length ranges, facilitates granulation, and makes them evenly dispersed in the mixture and not easy to stick together. Dust and impurities on the surface of the bamboo residue fibers are removed by washing with clean water to avoid carbonization during granulation and subsequent adverse effects on the performance of the asphalt mixture. Water in the bamboo residue fibers is removed by drying to facilitate subsequent bonding and forming and tow-shaped formation. The remaining additives are completely melted by heating and mixing while the bamboo residue fibers remain stable, so as to facilitate tow-shaped formation under the premise of ensuring that the characteristics of the bamboo residue fibers remain unchanged. The fibers are squeezed into a tow-shaped mold to form a tow-shaped bamboo residue fiber composite material. The tow-shaped bamboo residue fiber composite material is shaped by cooling in a water tank. The moisture of the tow-shaped bamboo residue fiber composite material is removed by drying with a fan. The fibers are evenly cut into particles by a pelletizer to obtain composite bamboo residue fiber particles.

[0014] The above method is characterized in that the length of the bamboo residue fiber after mechanical shearing and screening in step 1 is 3 mm to 5 mm, the drying temperature is 115° C. to 125° C., and the time is 1.5 h to 3 h. The present invention facilitates granulation by controlling the screening length, and makes it evenly dispersed in the mixture and not easy to stick together, so that the composite bamboo residue fiber particles have optimal performance, and the moisture is quickly and fully dried without affecting the performance of the bamboo residue fiber by controlling the drying parameters.

[0015] The above method is characterized in that the heating temperature in step 2 is 200°C to 250°C, and the length of the tow-shaped bamboo residue fiber composite material is 600mm to 800mm. By controlling the heating temperature, it is convenient to dry the bamboo residue fiber, the plastic base material and the auxiliary agent for mixing and forming.

[0016] The above method is characterized in that the cooling time in step 3 is 1 hour to 3 hours. The cooling time is used to ensure that the dried tow-shaped bamboo residue fiber composite material is fully condensed and formed.

[0017] The above method is characterized in that the length of the composite bamboo residue fiber particles in step 4 is 6 mm to 10 mm, which is convenient for the modification of the bamboo residue fiber composite material on the asphalt mixture and reflects the advantages of the bamboo residue fiber.

[0018] In addition, the present invention also provides an application of composite bamboo residue fiber particles for asphalt pavement, characterized in that the application comprises the following steps: Step 101, preheating the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate in an oven at 180° C. to 200° C. for 0.5 h to 1 h, preheating the composite bamboo residue fiber particles in an oven at 180° C. to 200° C. for 90s to 120s, and then pouring the preheated coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and composite bamboo residue fiber particles into a mixing pot and premixing them at 180° C. to 200° C. for 90s to 120s to obtain a precursor mixture; Step 102: pour the precursor mixture obtained in step 101 into a mixing pot and maintain the temperature at 180°C to 200°C, then add asphalt and wet mix for 90s to 120s, then add mineral powder preheated at 180°C to 200°C for 0.5h to 1h and mix for 90s to 120s to obtain a composite bamboo residue fiber reinforced asphalt mixture.

[0019] The present invention facilitates subsequent mixing by preheating raw materials, improves the mixing effect by controlling the preheating temperature, and does not affect the material properties at the same time. The coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate are added to play the role of skeleton and filler respectively, asphalt is added to form an asphalt mixture, and the voids of the asphalt mixture are filled by adding mineral powder, thereby improving the integrity, strength and stability of the asphalt mixture. The addition of composite bamboo residue fiber particles can not only improve the rutting resistance and cracking resistance of the asphalt mixture, but also improve the anti-aging and interface adhesion characteristics of the asphalt mixture. The composite bamboo residue fiber-reinforced asphalt mixture is used for asphalt pavement, further extending the service life of the asphalt pavement.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The present invention adopts bamboo residue fiber and controls the dosage to play a good role in reinforcement, dispersion, adsorption, adhesion and stabilization when used as a fiber additive for asphalt mixture. The network structure of bamboo residue fiber in the mixture can effectively improve the flexibility and crack resistance of asphalt pavement, slow down the expansion speed of pavement cracks, thereby improving the pavement's resistance to rutting, cracking, aging, water damage and durability, and extending the service life of the road. It is of great significance to provide new road plant fibers, reduce crack damage in asphalt pavements, and develop durable asphalt pavements.

[0021] 2. The present invention adopts a plastic base material and controls the amount thereof to play the role of adhering bamboo residue fibers, thereby improving the performance of the composite bamboo residue fiber particles. Adding additives according to demand enhances the anti-oxidation, anti-stripping, anti-aging and other properties of the composite bamboo residue fiber particles.

[0022] 3. The present invention mechanically shears and sieves the bamboo residue fibers to make them evenly dispersed in the mixture and not easy to stick together, heats and mixes them to make the added materials completely melted while the bamboo residue fibers remain stable, squeezes them into a tow-shaped mold to form them, cools them in a water tank to shape the tow-shaped bamboo residue fiber composite material, and evenly cuts them into particles by a pelletizer to obtain composite bamboo residue fiber particles. The composite bamboo residue fiber particles are easy to store, have a long shelf life, are not easily affected by moisture, and are not easy to clump during transportation, so as to be convenient for subsequent use.

[0023] 4. The present invention controls the preparation parameters to make the composite bamboo residue fiber particles dispersed evenly during the preparation of asphalt mixture, avoiding the phenomenon of fiber aggregation, and can improve the rutting resistance and cracking resistance of the asphalt mixture, further extending the service life of the asphalt pavement.

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Example 1 The composite bamboo residue fiber particles of this embodiment are composed of the following components in mass fraction: 50% bamboo residue fiber, 45% plastic base material and 5% additives; the plastic base material is polyethylene, and the additives are silane coupling agent, antioxidant 1010 and PA-1 type asphalt anti-stripping agent.

[0026] This embodiment includes the following steps: Step 1, vacuum drying: mechanically shear and screen the bamboo residue fibers, the length of the screened bamboo residue fibers is 3 mm to 5 mm, then wash with clean water, and finally spread evenly in a shallow dish, put into a vacuum drying oven at a temperature of 120° C. for 2 hours to obtain dry bamboo residue fibers; Step 2, heating and forming: adding the dried bamboo residue fiber, plastic base material and additives obtained in step 1 into the feeding port of a twin-screw extruder granulator, then heating to 200° C. and mixing evenly, and then extruding into a tow-shaped mold for forming, to obtain a tow-shaped bamboo residue fiber composite material with a length of 600 mm to 800 mm; Step 3, cooling and dehydrating: placing the tow-shaped bamboo residue fiber composite material obtained in step 2 into a water tank for cooling for 2 hours, and then blowing and drying; Step 4: Pelletizing: Put the bamboo residue fiber composite material in the form of filaments after air drying in step 3 into a pelletizer and evenly cut it into particles to obtain composite bamboo residue fiber particles with a length of 6 mm to 10 mm: Step 5: preheat the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate in an oven at 200° C. for 0.5 h, preheat the composite bamboo residue fiber particles in an oven at 200° C. for 90 seconds, and then pour the preheated coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and composite bamboo residue fiber particles into a mixing pot and premix at 200° C. for 90 seconds to obtain a precursor mixture; Step 6: Pour the precursor mixture obtained in step 5 into a mixing pot and maintain the temperature at 200°C, then add asphalt and wet mix for 90s, then add mineral powder preheated at 200°C for 0.5h and mix for 90s to obtain a composite bamboo residue fiber reinforced asphalt mixture.

[0027] Example 2 The composite bamboo residue fiber particles of this embodiment are composed of the following components in mass fractions: 55% bamboo residue fiber, 40% plastic base material and 5% additives; the plastic base material is polyethylene, and the additives are silane coupling agent, antioxidant 1010 and PA-1 type asphalt anti-stripping agent.

[0028] This embodiment includes the following steps: Step 1, vacuum drying: mechanically shear and screen the bamboo residue fibers, the length of the screened bamboo residue fibers is 3 mm to 5 mm, then wash with clean water, and finally spread evenly in a shallow dish, put into a vacuum drying oven at a temperature of 120° C. for 2 hours to obtain dry bamboo residue fibers; Step 2, heating and forming: adding the dried bamboo residue fiber, plastic base material and additives obtained in step 1 into the feeding port of the twin-screw granulator, then heating to 210° C. and mixing evenly, and then extruding into a tow-shaped mold for forming, to obtain a tow-shaped bamboo residue fiber composite material with a length of 600 mm to 800 mm; Step 3, cooling and dehydrating: placing the tow-shaped bamboo residue fiber composite material obtained in step 2 into a water tank for cooling for 2 hours, and then blowing and drying; Step 4: Pelletizing: Put the bamboo residue fiber composite material in the form of filaments after air drying in step 3 into a pelletizer and evenly cut it into particles to obtain composite bamboo residue fiber particles with a length of 6 mm to 10 mm: Step 5: Preheat the coarse aggregate and fine aggregate in an oven at 180°C for 1 hour, preheat the composite bamboo residue fiber particles in an oven at 180°C for 120 seconds, and then pour the preheated coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and composite bamboo residue fiber particles into a mixing pot and premix at 180°C for 120 seconds to obtain a precursor mixture. Step 6: Pour the precursor mixture obtained in step 5 into a mixing pot and maintain the temperature at 180°C, then add asphalt and wet mix for 120 seconds, then add mineral powder preheated at 180°C for 1 hour and mix for 120 seconds to obtain a composite bamboo residue fiber reinforced asphalt mixture.

[0029] Example 3 The composite bamboo residue fiber particles of this embodiment are composed of the following components in mass fractions: 45% bamboo residue fiber, 51% plastic base material and 4% additives; the plastic base material is polypropylene, and the additives are silane coupling agent, antioxidant 1010 and PA-1 type asphalt anti-stripping agent.

[0030] This embodiment includes the following steps: Step 1, vacuum drying: mechanically shear and screen the bamboo residue fibers, the length of the screened bamboo residue fibers is 3 mm to 5 mm, then wash with clean water, and finally spread evenly in a shallow dish, put into a vacuum drying oven at a temperature of 120° C. for 2 hours to obtain dry bamboo residue fibers; Step 2, heating and forming: adding the dried bamboo residue fiber, plastic base material and additives obtained in step 1 into the feeding port of the twin-screw granulator, then heating to 220° C. and mixing evenly, and then extruding into a tow-shaped mold for forming, to obtain a tow-shaped bamboo residue fiber composite material with a length of 600 mm to 800 mm; Step 3, cooling and dehydrating: placing the tow-shaped bamboo residue fiber composite material obtained in step 2 into a water tank for cooling for 2 hours, and then blowing and drying; Step 4: Pelletizing: Put the bamboo residue fiber composite material in the form of filaments after air drying in step 3 into a pelletizer and evenly cut it into particles to obtain composite bamboo residue fiber particles with a length of 6 mm to 10 mm: Step 5: Preheat the coarse aggregate and fine aggregate in an oven at 190°C for 0.8h, preheat the composite bamboo residue fiber particles in an oven at 190°C for 100s, and then pour the preheated coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and composite bamboo residue fiber particles into a mixing pot and premix at 190°C for 100s to obtain a precursor mixture. Step 6: Pour the precursor mixture obtained in step 5 into a mixing pot and maintain the temperature at 190°C, then add asphalt and wet mix for 100s, then add mineral powder preheated at 190°C for 0.8h and mix for 100s to obtain a composite bamboo residue fiber reinforced asphalt mixture.

[0031] Example 4 The composite bamboo residue fiber particles of this embodiment are composed of the following components in mass fraction: 37% bamboo residue fiber, 60% plastic base material and 3% auxiliary agent; the plastic base material is polypropylene, and the auxiliary agent is a silane coupling agent, an antioxidant 1010 and a PA-1 type asphalt anti-stripping agent.

[0032] This embodiment includes the following steps: Step 1, vacuum drying: mechanically shear and screen the bamboo residue fibers, the length of the screened bamboo residue fibers is 3 mm to 5 mm, then wash with clean water, and finally spread evenly in a shallow dish, put into a vacuum drying oven at a temperature of 115° C. for 3 hours to obtain dry bamboo residue fibers; Step 2, heating and forming: adding the dried bamboo residue fiber, plastic base material and additives obtained in step 1 into the feeding port of the twin-screw granulator, then heating to 230° C. and mixing evenly, and then extruding into a tow-shaped mold for forming, to obtain a tow-shaped bamboo residue fiber composite material with a length of 600 mm to 800 mm; Step 3, cooling and dehydrating: placing the bamboo residue fiber composite material in the tow shape obtained in step 2 into a water tank for cooling for 3 hours, and then blowing and drying; Step 4: Pelletizing: Put the bamboo residue fiber composite material in the form of filaments after air drying in step 3 into a pelletizer and evenly cut it into particles to obtain composite bamboo residue fiber particles with a length of 6 mm to 10 mm: Step 5: Preheat the coarse aggregate and fine aggregate in an oven at 180°C for 1 hour, preheat the composite bamboo residue fiber particles in an oven at 180°C for 100 seconds, and then pour the preheated coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and composite bamboo residue fiber particles into a mixing pot and premix at 180°C for 100 seconds to obtain a precursor mixture. Step 6: Pour the precursor mixture obtained in step 5 into a mixing pot and maintain the temperature at 180°C, then add asphalt and wet mix for 100s, then add mineral powder preheated at 180°C for 1h and mix for 100s to obtain a composite bamboo residue fiber reinforced asphalt mixture.

[0033] Example 5 The composite bamboo residue fiber particles of this embodiment are composed of the following components in mass fraction: 60% bamboo residue fiber, 34% plastic base material and 6% auxiliary agent; the plastic base material is polypropylene, and the auxiliary agent is a silane coupling agent, an antioxidant 1010 and a PA-1 type asphalt anti-stripping agent.

[0034] This embodiment includes the following steps: Step 1, vacuum drying: mechanically shear and screen the bamboo residue fibers, the length of the screened bamboo residue fibers is 3 mm to 5 mm, then wash with clean water, and finally spread evenly in a shallow dish, put into a vacuum drying oven at a temperature of 125° C. for 1.5 hours to obtain dry bamboo residue fibers; Step 2, heating and forming: adding the dried bamboo residue fiber, plastic base material and additives obtained in step 1 into the feeding port of the twin-screw granulator, then heating to 250° C. and mixing evenly, and then extruding into a tow-shaped mold for forming, to obtain a tow-shaped bamboo residue fiber composite material with a length of 600 mm to 800 mm; Step 3, cooling and dehydrating: placing the bamboo residue fiber composite material in the tow shape obtained in step 2 into a water tank for cooling for 1 hour, and then blowing and drying; Step 4: Pelletizing: Put the bamboo residue fiber composite material in the form of filaments after air drying in step 3 into a pelletizer and evenly cut it into particles to obtain composite bamboo residue fiber particles with a length of 6 mm to 10 mm: Step 5: Preheat the coarse aggregate and fine aggregate in an oven at 180°C for 1 hour, preheat the composite bamboo residue fiber particles in an oven at 180°C for 100 seconds, and then pour the preheated coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and composite bamboo residue fiber particles into a mixing pot and premix at 180°C for 100 seconds to obtain a precursor mixture. Step 6: Pour the precursor mixture obtained in step 5 into a mixing pot and maintain the temperature at 180°C, then add asphalt and wet mix for 100s, then add mineral powder preheated at 180°C for 1h and mix for 100s to obtain a composite bamboo residue fiber reinforced asphalt mixture.

[0035] The composite bamboo residue fiber reinforced asphalt mixtures prepared in Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention were tested for road performance according to the "Test Procedures for Asphalt and Asphalt Mixtures for Highway Engineering" (JTG E20-2011). The test results are shown in Table 1. Table 1

[0036] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent changes made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite bamboo residue fiber particle for asphalt pavement, characterized in that: The composite bamboo residue fiber particles are composed of the following components in mass fractions: 37% to 60% of bamboo residue fiber, 34% to 60% of plastic base material and 3% to 6% of auxiliary agent.

2. The composite bamboo residue fiber particles for asphalt pavement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite bamboo residue fiber particles are composed of the following components in mass fractions: 45% to 55% of bamboo residue fiber, 40% to 51% of plastic base material and 4% to 5% of auxiliary agent.

3. The composite bamboo residue fiber particles for asphalt pavement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite bamboo residue fiber particles are composed of the following components in mass fractions: 50% of bamboo residue fiber, 45% of plastic base material and 5% of auxiliary agent.

4. The composite bamboo residue fiber particles for asphalt pavement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plastic base material is polyolefin, and the auxiliary agents are silane coupling agent, antioxidant and anti-stripping agent.

5. A method for preparing the composite bamboo residue fiber particles for asphalt pavement according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1, vacuum drying: mechanically shear and sieve the bamboo residue fibers, then wash them with clean water, and finally spread them evenly in a shallow dish, and put them into a vacuum drying oven for drying to obtain dry bamboo residue fibers; Step 2, heating and forming: adding the dried bamboo residue fiber, plastic base material and additives obtained in step 1 into the feeding port of the granulator, then heating and mixing them evenly, and then extruding them into a tow-shaped mold to form a tow-shaped bamboo residue fiber composite material; Step 3, cooling and dehydrating: placing the tow-shaped bamboo residue fiber composite material obtained in step 2 into a water tank for cooling, and then drying; Step 4: Pelletizing: The bamboo residue fiber composite material in the form of filaments dried in step 3 is put into a pelletizer and cut into particles evenly to obtain composite bamboo residue fiber particles.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The length of the bamboo residue fiber after mechanical shearing and screening in step 1 is 3 mm to 5 mm, the drying temperature is 115° C. to 125° C., and the drying time is 1.5 h to 3 h.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The heating temperature in step 2 is 200° C. to 250° C., and the length of the tow-shaped bamboo residue fiber composite material is 600 mm to 800 mm.

8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The cooling time in step 3 is 1h~3h.

9. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The length of the composite bamboo residue fiber particles in step 4 is 6 mm to 10 mm.

10. An application of the composite bamboo residue fiber particles for asphalt pavement according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The application includes the following steps: Step 101, preheating the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate in an oven at 180° C. to 200° C. for 0.5 h to 1 h, preheating the composite bamboo residue fiber particles in an oven at 180° C. to 200° C. for 90s to 120s, and then pouring the preheated coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and composite bamboo residue fiber particles into a mixing pot and premixing them at 180° C. to 200° C. for 90s to 120s to obtain a precursor mixture; Step 102: pour the precursor mixture obtained in step 101 into a mixing pot and maintain the temperature at 180°C to 200°C, then add asphalt and wet mix for 90s to 120s, then add mineral powder preheated at 180°C to 200°C for 0.5h to 1h and mix for 90s to 120s to obtain a composite bamboo residue fiber reinforced asphalt mixture.

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