Metal coating plasma spraying structure and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plasma spraying, and discloses a metal coating plasma spraying structure and a using method thereof.The metal coating plasma spraying structure comprises a spraying bin, and the top of the spraying bin communicates with a vacuum pipe and an inert gas introduction pipe; the clamping mechanism comprises a two-way screw rod, two mounting plates and two clamps, and the sides, away from each other, of the two clamps are fixedly connected with connecting shafts; and the spraying mechanism comprises a mounting frame, a screw rod, an electric push rod, a plasma spray gun and a controller. The automatic spraying device is reasonable in design, the clamping mechanism and the spraying mechanism can drive the plasma spray gun to move while driving a workpiece to rotate so as to achieve automatic spraying work, and the controller and the laser range finder are arranged to automatically adjust the positions of the spray gun and the workpiece in the spraying process; and the horizontal moving speed of the sub-spray guns and the rotating speed of the workpiece are automatically adjusted according to the vertical moving speed of the spray gun, so that a uniform coating is formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plasma spraying, and in particular to a metal coating plasma spraying structure and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Plasma spraying is a technology for strengthening and modifying the surface of materials, which can make the substrate surface have the properties of wear resistance, corrosion resistance, high temperature oxidation resistance, electrical insulation, heat insulation, radiation protection, friction reduction and sealing. Plasma spraying technology uses a plasma arc driven by direct current as a heat source to heat the powder to a molten or semi-molten state and spray it at high speed onto the pre-treated workpiece surface to form a firmly attached surface layer, while metal plasma coating is a coating formed by heating the metal to a molten or semi-molten state by an arc and spraying it onto the workpiece.

[0003] The plasma spray gun position of the currently commonly used metal coating plasma spray structure cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the workpiece, which makes the formed coating prone to unevenness; therefore, we propose a metal coating plasma spray structure and a method of using it to solve this problem. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the disadvantage that the plasma spray gun position of the currently commonly used metal coating plasma spray structure cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the workpiece to make the formed coating uniform, and to propose a metal coating plasma spray structure and a use method thereof.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] Metallic coating plasma sprayed structures, including:

[0007] A spraying chamber, the top of which is connected with a vacuum tube and an inert gas introduction tube;

[0008] A clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism comprising a bidirectional screw, two mounting plates and two clamps, the two clamps are fixedly connected to a connecting shaft on one side away from each other, a rotating column is rotatably mounted in the mounting plate, the rotating column is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the corresponding connecting shaft, and the two mounting plates are threadedly sleeved on the outer side of the bidirectional screw;

[0009] A spraying mechanism, the spraying mechanism includes a mounting frame, a screw, an electric push rod, a plasma spray gun and a controller, the top of the mounting frame is fixedly connected with a connecting plate, the connecting plate is threadedly sleeved on the outside of the screw, the electric push rod is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the mounting frame, and a lifting plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rod, the plasma spray gun and the controller are respectively fixedly mounted on the bottom and top of the lifting plate, and laser rangefinders are fixedly mounted on both sides of the bottom of the lifting plate, the laser rangefinder and the electric push rod are both electrically connected to the controller, and the controller controls the operation of the electric push rod according to the average value measured by the two laser rangefinders.

[0010] Preferably, three mounting holes are provided on both sides of the spray chamber, and the screw rod, the bidirectional screw rod and the rotating column are rotatably connected in the corresponding mounting holes respectively;

[0011] A driven pulley is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the rotating column, a driving pulley is fixedly installed on the outer side of the screw rod, and the driving pulley and the driven pulley on the same side are driven and installed with the same synchronous belt;

[0012] A frame is fixedly installed on one side of the spraying chamber, a driving motor is fixedly installed on the top of the frame, and an output shaft of the driving motor is fixedly connected to one end of the screw rod;

[0013] A crossbeam and a guide plate are fixedly installed inside the spray chamber, the mounting plate is slidably sleeved on the outside of the crossbeam, and both of the two mounting plates are slidably sleeved on the outside of the guide plate.

[0014] Preferably, two resistor bars are fixedly mounted on the front side of the mounting frame, a conductive block is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the resistor bar, and the rear end of the resistor bar and the conductive block are connected in series to the circuit of the drive motor;

[0015] A same connecting plate is fixedly connected between the two conductive blocks, a rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the front side of the installation frame, a rotating frame is fixedly installed on the front end of the rotating shaft, a cylinder is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the rotating frame, the connecting plate is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the cylinder, a rotating plate is fixedly installed on the front side of the rotating frame, two sliding seats are slidably sleeved on the outer side of the rotating plate, connecting ropes are fixedly connected to the sides of the two sliding seats close to each other, and the rear ends of the two connecting ropes are fixedly connected to the front side of the cylinder.

[0016] Preferably, two limiting rings are fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the cylinder, and the two limiting rings are movably abutted against the front and rear sides of the connecting plate respectively;

[0017] The rear end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to two connecting springs, and the rear ends of the connecting springs are fixedly connected to the rear inner wall of the rotating frame;

[0018] Two fixed pulleys are rotatably mounted in the rotating frame, and the two connecting ropes are respectively wound around the outer sides of the corresponding fixed pulleys;

[0019] The two sliding seats are fixedly connected to a compression spring on one side away from each other, and the other end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the rotating plate;

[0020] A gear is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft, a vertical rod is fixedly mounted on the top of the lifting plate, a rack is fixedly mounted on one side of the vertical rod, and the gear is meshed with the rack.

[0021] Preferably, a laser transmitter and a laser receiver are provided at the bottom of the laser rangefinder;

[0022] The vacuum tube is provided with a first control valve, and the inert gas introduction tube is provided with a second control valve.

[0023] Preferably, the clamp includes a mounting cylinder, a driving cylinder and a plurality of clamping plates, the mounting cylinder is fixedly connected to one end of the corresponding connecting shaft, the plurality of clamping plates are arranged in a ring shape with equal intervals, and the outer side of the clamping plate is rotatably connected with a connecting rod and a plurality of mounting rods, two adjacent mounting rods are parallel to each other, and the other end of the mounting rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting cylinder, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with a cross bar, the driving cylinder is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the mounting cylinder, and the outer side of the driving cylinder is threadedly sleeved with a threaded cylinder, and the other end of the cross bar is fixedly connected to the threaded cylinder.

[0024] Preferably, a fixing ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the installation tube, and the fixing ring is slidably sleeved on the outer sides of the plurality of cross bars;

[0025] An annular limiting protrusion is integrally formed on the outer side of the installation cylinder, and the annular limiting protrusion and the fixing ring are movably abutted against two sides of the driving cylinder respectively;

[0026] A square groove is provided on the left side of the mounting cylinder, a convex plate is slidably installed in the square groove, a plurality of grooves are provided on the inner wall of the driving cylinder, the convex plate is movably engaged in the corresponding grooves, and a return spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the convex plate, the bottom end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the square groove, and a limiting rod is fixedly installed in the square groove, and the convex plate is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the limiting rod.

[0027] Preferably, one end of the bidirectional screw is fixedly connected to a knob, a plurality of positioning grooves are provided on the outer side of the knob, a base is fixedly installed at the bottom of the spray chamber, a slide groove is provided on the top side of the base, a slide plate is slidably installed in the slide groove, a positioning protrusion is integrally formed on the top of the slide plate, the positioning protrusion is movably engaged in the corresponding positioning groove, and a pull rod and a transverse spring are fixedly connected to one side of the slide plate, and the other end of the transverse spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the slide groove.

[0028] Preferably, a through hole is opened on the front side of the spraying chamber, and a baffle and two slide rails are fixedly installed on the front side of the spraying chamber, and the outer sides of the two slide rails are slidably sleeved with a same chamber door, and the chamber door is movably sealed against the front side of the spraying chamber;

[0029] A plurality of limiting grooves are formed on the outer side of the connecting shaft, and a plurality of limiting protrusions adapted to the limiting grooves are integrally formed on the inner wall of the rotating column.

[0030] The present invention also provides a method for using the above-mentioned metal coating plasma spraying structure, comprising the following steps:

[0031] S1: Put the workpiece to be sprayed into the spray chamber through the through hole, clamp the workpiece through the clamping mechanism, and move the chamber door downward to make it contact with the baffle, thereby blocking the through hole;

[0032] S2: by opening the first control valve, extracting gas through the vacuum tube, evacuating the spray chamber, then closing the first control valve, opening the second control valve, and filling the spray chamber with inert gas through the inert gas introduction pipe;

[0033] S3: Start the drive motor and plasma spray gun. The plasma spray gun heats the metal powder to a molten state and sprays it onto the workpiece surface at a high speed to form a coating. At the same time, the drive motor drives the lead screw to rotate. The lead screw drives the installation frame to move horizontally through the thread transmission with the connecting plate and under the guidance of the crossbeam, and calmly drives the plasma spray gun arc to move horizontally. At the same time, the lead screw drives two driven pulleys to rotate through two active pulleys and two synchronous belts, and drives the connecting shaft and the fixture to rotate through the rotating column, thereby driving the workpiece to rotate, so as to realize the spraying work at different positions of the workpiece;

[0034] S4: while spraying, the laser rangefinder is started, the laser transmitter emits laser to the workpiece, the laser receiver receives the laser, the distance between the workpiece and the lifting plate is calculated by the time difference, and the signal is transmitted to the controller, the controller takes the average value of the measurement results of the two laser rangefinders as the estimated distance between the plasma spray gun and the workpiece, when the estimated distance between the plasma spray gun and the workpiece decreases, the controller controls the output end of the electric push rod to contract, thereby driving the plasma spray gun away from the workpiece, when the estimated distance between the plasma spray gun and the workpiece increases, the controller controls the output end of the electric push rod to extend, thereby driving the plasma spray gun close to the workpiece, so that the distance between the plasma spray gun and the workpiece is always maintained within a constant range, ensuring uniform spraying;

[0035] S5: The electric push rod drives the lifting plate to lift the plate, and at the same time drives the vertical rod and the rack to lift synchronously. The rack drives the rotating shaft, the rotating frame and the rotating plate to rotate through the rotation of the gear, and drives the sliding seat to perform circular motion. The sliding seats move away from each other under the action of centrifugal force, and drive the cylinder forward through the connecting rope. The cylinder drives the connecting plate forward, and the connecting plate drives the two conductive blocks forward, so that the length of the resistor bar connected to the driving motor circuit increases, the resistance increases, so that the output shaft power of the driving motor is reduced, the driving speed is reduced, and the rotation speed of the rotating column and the lead screw is reduced. In order to reduce the horizontal movement speed of the plasma spray gun and the rotation speed of the workpiece, the spraying feed speed can be increased when the workpiece undergoes shape changes to ensure complete and uniform spraying. As the shape of the workpiece changes, the up and down movement speed of the lifting plate increases, the movement speed of the rotating frame increases, the centrifugal force on the sliding seat increases, the moving distance of the sliding seat increases, and the moving distance of the cylinder and the conductor increases, thereby further increasing the length of the resistor bar connected to the drive motor circuit and further reducing the resistance, thereby further reducing the horizontal movement speed of the spray gun and the rotation speed of the workpiece to ensure uniformity of spraying.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a metal coating plasma spraying structure and a method of using the same, which have the following beneficial effects:

[0037] (1) Place the workpiece to be sprayed into the spray chamber through the through hole, pull the pull rod to drive the slide to move horizontally so that its positioning protrusion disengages from the positioning groove, release the fixation of the knob, and then rotate the knob to drive the bidirectional screw to rotate. The bidirectional screw drives the two mounting plates closer to each other through the threaded transmission with the two mounting plates and under the guidance of the guide plate. The two mounting plates drive the two clamps closer to each other, so as to adjust the spacing between the two clamps according to the length of the workpiece, and then release the pull rod to allow the slide to lock the knob, and then push the convex plate to make it disengage from the groove, and then rotate the driving cylinder to drive the threaded cylinder horizontally through the threaded transmission with the threaded cylinder, and the threaded cylinder drives multiple clamping plates located in the same mounting cylinder to approach each other through the cooperation of the cross rod and the connecting rod, so as to realize the clamping of the workpiece, and then release the convex plate to make it move in the opposite direction under the action of the return spring and insert it into the groove, and lock the driving cylinder to ensure the clamping stability;

[0038] (2) The chamber door is moved downward to contact the baffle plate, thereby blocking the through hole. The first control valve is opened to extract gas through the vacuum tube to evacuate the spray chamber. Then, the first control valve is closed and the second control valve is opened. Inert gas is filled into the spray chamber through the inert gas introduction pipe, so that the spraying process can be protected by the inert gas, the formation of oxides can be reduced, and the chemical composition and purity of the coating can be maintained. The oxygen-free environment provided by the inert gas is conducive to the adhesion between the coating and the substrate, avoiding the decrease in adhesion caused by the oxide layer. In addition, the inert gas can reduce the chance of operators being exposed to harmful gases and dust, thereby protecting the health of the operators.

[0039] (3) By starting the drive motor and the plasma spray gun, the plasma spray gun heats the metal powder to a molten state and sprays it onto the surface of the workpiece at a high speed to form a coating. At the same time, the drive motor drives the screw to rotate. The screw drives the mounting frame to move horizontally through the threaded transmission with the connecting plate and under the guidance of the crossbeam, and calmly drives the plasma spray gun arc to move horizontally. At the same time, the screw drives two driven pulleys to rotate through two active pulleys and two synchronous belts, and drives the connecting shaft and the fixture to rotate through the rotating column, thereby driving the workpiece to rotate, so as to realize the spraying work at different positions of the workpiece;

[0040] (4) By starting the laser rangefinder while spraying, the laser transmitter emits laser light to the workpiece, the laser receiver receives the laser light, and the distance between the workpiece and the lifting plate is calculated by the time difference, and the signal is transmitted to the controller. The controller takes the average value of the measurement results of the two laser rangefinders as the estimated distance between the plasma spray gun and the workpiece. When the estimated distance between the plasma spray gun and the workpiece decreases, the controller controls the output end of the electric push rod to contract, thereby driving the plasma spray gun away from the workpiece. When the estimated distance between the plasma spray gun and the workpiece increases, the controller controls the output end of the electric push rod to extend, thereby driving the plasma spray gun close to the workpiece, so that the distance between the plasma spray gun and the workpiece is always maintained within a constant range, and the horizontal movement speed of the plasma spray gun and the rotation speed of the workpiece can be reduced while the plasma spray gun moves, thereby ensuring uniform spraying.

[0041] (5) The clamping mechanism and spraying mechanism are configured to drive the workpiece to rotate and drive the plasma spray gun to move to realize automatic spraying. The controller and laser rangefinder are configured to automatically adjust the positions of the spray gun and the workpiece during the spraying process. The horizontal movement speed of the sub-spray gun and the rotation speed of the workpiece are automatically adjusted according to the vertical movement speed of the spray gun to form a uniform coating. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the metal coating plasma spraying structure proposed by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the metal coating plasma spraying structure proposed by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of part A;

[0045] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of part B;

[0046] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of a metal coating plasma spraying structure proposed by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 It is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism proposed by the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the clamp proposed by the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the clamp proposed by the present invention;

[0050] Fig. 9 for Figure 8A partial enlarged view of part C in the middle;

[0051] Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the spraying mechanism proposed by the present invention;

[0052] Fig.11 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the spraying mechanism proposed by the present invention;

[0053] Fig.12 for Fig.11 A partial enlarged view of the structure;

[0054] Fig.13 for Fig.12 A top view of the structure;

[0055] Fig.14 for Fig.13 A partial enlarged view of part D.

[0056] In the figure: 1. spraying chamber; 101. base; 102. chamber door; 103. slide rail; 104. baffle; 105. vacuum tube; 106. inert gas inlet pipe; 107. first control valve; 108. second control valve; 2. mounting cylinder; 201. clamping plate; 202. mounting rod; 203. connecting rod; 204. cross bar; 205. fixing ring; 206. threaded cylinder; 207. driving cylinder; 208. convex plate; 209. reset spring; 3. mounting plate; 301. guide plate; 302. bidirectional screw; 303. knob; 304. slide plate; 305. transverse spring; 306. pull rod; 4. connecting shaft; 401. driven Pulley; 402, driving pulley; 403, rotating column; 5, mounting frame; 501, crossbeam; 502, lead screw; 503, driving motor; 504, connecting plate; 6, electric push rod; 7, lifting plate; 8, plasma spray gun; 9, laser rangefinder; 901, laser transmitter; 902, laser receiver; 10, controller; 11, vertical rod; 12, rack; 13, gear; 14, resistor bar; 15, conductive block; 16, connecting plate; 17, rotating frame; 18, rotating plate; 19, compression spring; 20, sliding seat; 21, rotating shaft; 22, connecting spring; 23, cylinder; 24, connecting rope; 25, fixed pulley; 26, limit ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0058] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0059] Reference Figure 1-14 , metal coating plasma spraying structure, including:

[0060] The spray chamber 1, the top of which is connected with a vacuum tube 105 and an inert gas introduction tube 106;

[0061] The clamping mechanism includes a bidirectional screw 302, two mounting plates 3 and two clamps. The two clamps are fixedly connected to a connecting shaft 4 on the sides away from each other. A rotating column 403 is rotatably installed in the mounting plate 3. The rotating column 403 is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the corresponding connecting shaft 4, and the two mounting plates 3 are threadedly sleeved on the outer side of the bidirectional screw 302.

[0062] The spraying mechanism includes a mounting frame 5, a screw rod 502, an electric push rod 6, a plasma spray gun 8 and a controller 10. A connecting plate 504 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting frame 5. The connecting plate 504 is threadedly sleeved on the outer side of the screw rod 502. The electric push rod 6 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the mounting frame 5, and a lifting plate 7 is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rod 6. The plasma spray gun 8 and the controller 10 are respectively fixedly mounted on the bottom and top of the lifting plate 7, and laser rangefinders 9 are fixedly mounted on both sides of the bottom of the lifting plate 7. The laser rangefinder 9 and the electric push rod 6 are electrically connected to the controller 10. The controller 10 controls the operation of the electric push rod 6 according to the average value measured by the two laser rangefinders 9.

[0063] In this embodiment, three mounting holes are provided on both sides of the spray chamber 1, and the screw rod 502, the bidirectional screw rod 302 and the rotating column 403 are rotatably connected in the corresponding mounting holes respectively, so as to realize the rotation positioning of the screw rod 502, the bidirectional screw rod 302 and the rotating column 403; the outer side of the rotating column 403 is fixedly sleeved with a driven pulley 401, and the outer side of the screw rod 502 is fixedly installed with a driving pulley 402, and the driving pulley 402 and the driven pulley 401 on the same side are driven and installed with the same synchronous belt, so as to ensure stable transmission; a frame is fixedly installed on one side of the spray chamber 1, and a driving motor 503 is fixedly installed on the top of the frame, and the output shaft of the driving motor 503 is fixedly connected to one end of the screw rod 502, so as to drive the screw rod 502 to rotate; a crossbeam 501 and a guide plate 301 are fixedly installed inside the spray chamber 1, and the mounting plate 3 is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the crossbeam 501, And the two mounting plates 3 are both slidably sleeved on the outer side of the guide plate 301, so as to guide the mounting plates 3 to move horizontally. Two resistor bars 14 are fixedly installed on the front side of the mounting frame 5, and a conductive block 15 is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the resistor bar 14. The rear end of the resistor bar 14 and the conductive block 15 are connected in series to the circuit of the driving motor 503; the same connecting plate 16 is fixedly connected between the two conductive blocks 15, and a rotating shaft 21 is rotatably installed on the front side of the mounting frame 5. A rotating frame 17 is fixedly installed on the front end of the rotating shaft 21, and a cylinder 23 is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the rotating frame 17. The connecting plate 16 is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the cylinder 23, and a rotating plate 18 is fixedly installed on the front side of the rotating frame 17. Two sliding seats 20 are slidably sleeved on the outer side of the rotating plate 18. The sides of the two sliding seats 20 close to each other are fixedly connected with connecting ropes 24, and the rear ends of the two connecting ropes 24 are fixedly connected to the front side of the cylinder 23.

[0064] In this embodiment, two limiting rings 26 are fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the cylinder 23, and the two limiting rings 26 are movably abutted on the front and rear sides of the connecting plate 16, so that the connecting plate 16 and the cylinder 23 can move forward and backward synchronously through the limiting rings 26; the rear end of the cylinder 23 is fixedly connected to two connecting springs 22, and the rear end of the connecting spring 22 is fixedly connected to the rear inner wall of the rotating frame 17, so as to reset and position the cylinder 23 in the initial state; two fixed pulleys 25 are rotatably installed in the rotating frame 17, and two connecting ropes 24 are respectively wound around the outer sides of the corresponding fixed pulleys 25, so as to guide the connecting ropes 24; the two sliding seats 20 are on the side away from each other. A compression spring 19 is fixedly connected to each other, and the other end of the compression spring 19 is fixedly connected to the rotating plate 18; a gear 13 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 21, a vertical rod 11 is fixedly installed on the top of the lifting plate 7, and a rack 12 is fixedly installed on one side of the vertical rod 11, and the gear 13 is meshed with the rack 12, so that the rotation of the rotating shaft 21 can be driven by the up and down movement of the lifting plate 7. A laser transmitter 901 and a laser receiver 902 are arranged at the bottom of the laser rangefinder 9; a first control valve 107 is arranged on the vacuum tube 105, and a second control valve 108 is arranged on the inert gas inlet pipe 106, so as to facilitate the control of the conduction and closing of the vacuum tube 105 and the inert gas inlet pipe 106.

[0065] In this embodiment, the clamp includes a mounting cylinder 2, a driving cylinder 207 and a plurality of clamping plates 201. The mounting cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to one end of the corresponding connecting shaft 4. The plurality of clamping plates 201 are arranged in a ring with equal spacing, and the outer side of the clamping plate 201 is rotatably connected to a connecting rod 203 and a plurality of mounting rods 202. Two adjacent mounting rods 202 are parallel to each other, and the other end of the mounting rod 202 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting cylinder 2. The other end of the connecting rod 203 is hinged with a cross bar 204. The driving cylinder 207 is rotatably sleeved on the inner wall of the mounting cylinder 2. The outer side of the installation cylinder 2 and the outer side of the driving cylinder 207 are threadedly sleeved with a threaded cylinder 206, and the other end of the cross bar 204 is fixedly connected to the threaded cylinder 206. The outer side of the installation cylinder 2 is fixedly sleeved with a fixing ring 205, and the fixing ring 205 is slidably sleeved on the outer sides of multiple cross bars 204, thereby guiding the cross bars 204; the outer side of the installation cylinder 2 is integrally formed with an annular limiting protrusion, and the annular limiting protrusion and the fixing ring 205 are respectively movably abutted against the two sides of the driving cylinder 207, so as to horizontally move the driving cylinder 207. Limiting work; a square groove is provided on the left side of the mounting cylinder 2, a convex plate 208 is slidably installed in the square groove, a plurality of grooves are provided on the inner wall of the driving cylinder 207, the convex plate 208 is movably engaged in the corresponding groove, and a return spring 209 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the convex plate 208, the bottom end of the return spring 209 is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the square groove, and a limiting rod is fixedly installed in the square groove, the convex plate 208 is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the limiting rod, thereby guiding the convex plate 208, and one end of the bidirectional screw 302 is fixedly connected There is a knob 303, and a plurality of positioning grooves are provided on the outer side of the knob 303. A base 101 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the spray chamber 1, and a slide groove is provided on the top side of the base 101. A slide plate 304 is slidably installed in the slide groove. A positioning protrusion is integrally formed on the top of the slide plate 304, and the positioning protrusion is movably connected to the corresponding positioning groove, and a pull rod 306 and a transverse spring 305 are fixedly connected to one side of the slide plate 304, and the other end of the transverse spring 305 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the slide groove, so as to reset the slide plate 304.

[0066] In this embodiment, a through hole is opened on the front side of the spraying chamber 1, which can facilitate the placement of workpieces, and a baffle 104 and two slide rails 103 are fixedly installed on the front side of the spraying chamber 1. The outer sides of the two slide rails 103 are slidably sleeved with the same chamber door 102, and the chamber door 102 is movably sealed against the front side of the spraying chamber 1, thereby blocking the through hole; a plurality of limit grooves are opened on the outer side of the connecting shaft 4, and a plurality of limit protrusions adapted to the limit grooves are integrally formed on the inner wall of the rotating column 403, so that the connecting shaft 4 and the rotating column 403 rotate synchronously.

[0067] This embodiment also provides a method for using the above-mentioned metal coating plasma spraying structure, comprising the following steps:

[0068] S1: Put the workpiece to be sprayed into the spray chamber 1 through the through hole, clamp the workpiece by the clamping mechanism, and move the chamber door 102 downward to make it contact with the baffle 104, so as to block the through hole;

[0069] S2: by opening the first control valve 107, the gas is extracted through the vacuum tube 105 to evacuate the spray chamber 1, and then the first control valve 107 is closed, the second control valve 108 is opened, and the inert gas is filled into the spray chamber 1 through the inert gas introduction pipe 106;

[0070] S3: Start the drive motor 503 and the plasma spray gun 8. The plasma spray gun 8 heats the metal powder to a molten state and sprays it onto the workpiece surface at a high speed to form a coating. At the same time, the drive motor 503 drives the screw rod 502 to rotate. The screw rod 502 drives the installation frame 5 to move horizontally through the threaded transmission with the connecting plate 504 and under the guidance of the crossbeam 501, and calmly drives the arc of the plasma spray gun 8 to move horizontally. At the same time, the screw rod 502 drives the two driven pulleys 401 to rotate through the two active pulleys 402 and the two synchronous belts, and drives the connecting shaft 4 and the fixture to rotate through the rotating column 403, thereby driving the workpiece to rotate, so as to realize the spraying work at different positions of the workpiece;

[0071] S4: while spraying, the laser rangefinder 9 is started, the laser transmitter 901 emits laser to the workpiece, the laser receiver 902 receives the laser, the distance between the workpiece and the lifting plate 7 is calculated by the time difference, and the signal is transmitted to the controller 10, the controller 10 takes the average value of the measurement results of the two laser rangefinders 9 as the estimated distance between the plasma spray gun 8 and the workpiece, when the estimated distance between the plasma spray gun 8 and the workpiece decreases, the controller 10 controls the output end of the electric push rod 6 to contract, thereby driving the plasma spray gun 8 away from the workpiece, when the estimated distance between the plasma spray gun 8 and the workpiece increases, the controller 10 controls the output end of the electric push rod 6 to extend, thereby driving the plasma spray gun 8 close to the workpiece, so that the distance between the plasma spray gun 8 and the workpiece is always maintained within a constant range, ensuring uniform spraying;

[0072] S5: The lifting plate 7 is driven by the electric push rod 6 to lift the lifting plate 7, and at the same time, the vertical rod 11 and the rack 12 are driven to rise and fall synchronously. The rack 12 drives the rotating shaft 21, the rotating frame 17 and the rotating plate 18 to rotate through the rotation of the gear 13, and drives the sliding seat 20 to perform a circular motion. The sliding seats 20 move away from each other under the action of centrifugal force, and drive the cylinder 23 to move forward through the connecting rope 24. The cylinder 23 drives the connecting plate 16 to move forward, and the connecting plate 16 drives the two conductive blocks 15 to move forward, so that the length of the resistor bar 14 connected to the circuit of the drive motor 503 increases, and the resistance increases, so that the output shaft power of the drive motor 503 is reduced, the driving speed is reduced, and the rotation speed is reduced, thereby reducing the rotation speed. The rotation speed of the column 403 and the screw 502 is increased to reduce the horizontal movement speed of the plasma spray gun 8 and the rotation speed of the workpiece, so that the spraying feed speed can be increased at the stage when the workpiece undergoes shape changes to ensure complete and uniform spraying. As the shape of the workpiece changes, the up and down movement speed of the lifting plate 7 increases, the movement speed of the rotating frame 17 increases, the centrifugal force on the sliding seat 20 increases, the moving distance of the sliding seat 20 increases, and the moving distance of the cylinder 23 and the conductor increases, so that the length of the resistor bar 14 connected to the circuit of the drive motor 503 is further increased and the resistance is further reduced, thereby further reducing the horizontal movement speed of the spray gun and the rotation speed of the workpiece to ensure the uniformity of the spraying.

[0073] In this embodiment, when in use, the workpiece to be sprayed is placed into the spray chamber 1 through the through hole, the pull rod 306 is pulled to drive the slide plate 304 to move horizontally so that its positioning protrusion is disengaged from the positioning groove, and the fixation of the knob 303 is released. Then, the knob 303 is rotated to drive the bidirectional screw 302 to rotate. The bidirectional screw 302 drives the two mounting plates 3 to approach each other through the thread transmission with the two mounting plates 3 and under the guidance of the guide plate 301. The two mounting plates 3 drive the two clamps to approach each other, so as to adjust the distance between the two clamps according to the length of the workpiece, and then the pull rod 306 is released. , so that the slide plate 304 locks the knob 303, then pushes the convex plate 208 to make it disengage from the groove, and then rotates the driving cylinder 207 to drive the threaded cylinder 206 to move horizontally through the threaded transmission with the threaded cylinder 206. The threaded cylinder 206 drives the multiple clamping plates 201 located in the same installation cylinder 2 to approach each other through the cooperation of the cross bar 204 and the connecting rod 203, so as to achieve the clamping of the workpiece, and then releases the convex plate 208 to make it move in the opposite direction under the action of the return spring 209 and insert it into the groove, and locks the driving cylinder 207 to ensure the clamping stability;

[0074] The chamber door 102 is moved downward to make it contact with the baffle 104, thereby blocking the through hole. The first control valve 107 is opened to extract gas through the vacuum tube 105 to evacuate the spray chamber 1. Then, the first control valve 107 is closed, the second control valve 108 is opened, and the spray chamber 1 is filled with inert gas through the inert gas introduction pipe 106. Thus, the spraying process can be protected by the inert gas, the generation of oxides can be reduced, and the chemical composition and purity of the coating can be maintained. The oxygen-free environment provided by the inert gas is conducive to the adhesion between the coating and the substrate, avoiding the decrease in adhesion due to the oxide layer. In addition, the inert gas can reduce the chance of operators being exposed to harmful gases and dust, thereby protecting the health of the operators.

[0075] By starting the driving motor 503 and the plasma spray gun 8, the plasma spray gun 8 heats the metal powder to a molten state and sprays it onto the surface of the workpiece at a high speed to form a coating. At the same time, the driving motor 503 drives the screw rod 502 to rotate. The screw rod 502 drives the installation frame 5 to move horizontally through the thread transmission with the connecting plate 504 and under the guidance of the crossbeam 501, and calmly drives the arc of the plasma spray gun 8 to move horizontally. At the same time, the screw rod 502 drives the two driven pulleys 401 to rotate through the two active pulleys 402 and the two synchronous belts, and drives the connecting shaft 4 and the fixture to rotate through the rotating column 403, thereby driving the workpiece to rotate, so as to realize the spraying work at different positions of the workpiece;

[0076] By starting the laser rangefinder 9 while spraying, the laser transmitter 901 emits laser to the workpiece, the laser receiver 902 receives the laser, and the distance between the workpiece and the lifting plate 7 is calculated by the time difference, and the signal is transmitted to the controller 10. The controller 10 takes the average value of the measurement results of the two laser rangefinders 9 as the estimated distance between the plasma spray gun 8 and the workpiece. When the estimated distance between the plasma spray gun 8 and the workpiece decreases, the controller 10 controls the output end of the electric push rod 6 to contract, thereby driving the plasma spray gun 8 away from the workpiece. When the estimated distance between the plasma spray gun 8 and the workpiece increases, the controller 10 controls the output end of the electric push rod 6 to extend, thereby driving the plasma spray gun 8 close to the workpiece, so that the distance between the plasma spray gun 8 and the workpiece is always maintained within a constant range, and the horizontal movement speed of the plasma spray gun 8 and the rotation speed of the workpiece can be reduced while the plasma spray gun 8 moves, thereby ensuring uniform spraying.

[0077] The standard parts used in the present invention can all be purchased from the market, and special-shaped parts can be customized according to the instructions and the drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional means such as mature bolts, rivets, welding, etc. in the prior art. Machinery, parts and equipment all adopt conventional models in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts the conventional connection method in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

Claims

1. Metal coating plasma spraying structure, characterized in that, include: A spray chamber (1), the top of which is connected to a vacuum tube (105) and an inert gas introduction tube (106); A clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism comprising a bidirectional screw (302), two mounting plates (3) and two clamps, the two clamps are fixedly connected to a connecting shaft (4) on the sides away from each other, a rotating column (403) is rotatably mounted in the mounting plate (3), the rotating column (403) is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the corresponding connecting shaft (4), and the two mounting plates (3) are both threadedly sleeved on the outer side of the bidirectional screw (302); A spraying mechanism, the spraying mechanism comprising a mounting frame (5), a screw rod (502), an electric push rod (6), a plasma spray gun (8) and a controller (10), wherein a connecting plate (504) is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting frame (5), the connecting plate (504) is threadedly sleeved on the outer side of the screw rod (502), the electric push rod (6) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the mounting frame (5), and a lifting plate (7) is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rod (6), the plasma spray gun (8) and the controller (10) are respectively fixedly mounted on the bottom and top of the lifting plate (7), and laser rangefinders (9) are fixedly mounted on both sides of the bottom of the lifting plate (7), the laser rangefinder (9) and the electric push rod (6) are both electrically connected to the controller (10), and the controller (10) controls the operation of the electric push rod (6) according to the average value measured by the two laser rangefinders (9).

2. The metal coating plasma spraying structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three mounting holes are provided on both sides of the spray chamber (1), and the screw rod (502), the bidirectional screw rod (302) and the rotating column (403) are respectively rotatably connected in the corresponding mounting holes; A driven pulley (401) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the rotating column (403), a driving pulley (402) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the screw rod (502), and the driving pulley (402) and the driven pulley (401) on the same side are driven and installed with the same synchronous belt; A frame is fixedly mounted on one side of the spray chamber (1), a driving motor (503) is fixedly mounted on the top of the frame, and an output shaft of the driving motor (503) is fixedly connected to one end of the screw rod (502); A crossbeam (501) and a guide plate (301) are fixedly installed inside the spray chamber (1); the mounting plate (3) is slidably sleeved on the outside of the crossbeam (501), and both mounting plates (3) are slidably sleeved on the outside of the guide plate (301).

3. The metal coating plasma spraying structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two resistor bars (14) are fixedly mounted on the front side of the mounting frame (5); a conductive block (15) is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the resistor bars (14); and the rear end of the resistor bars (14) and the conductive block (15) are connected in series to the circuit of the drive motor (503); A same connecting plate (16) is fixedly connected between the two conductive blocks (15); a rotating shaft (21) is rotatably installed on the front side of the installation frame (5); a rotating frame (17) is fixedly installed on the front end of the rotating shaft (21); a cylinder (23) is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the rotating frame (17); the connecting plate (16) is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the cylinder (23); a rotating plate (18) is fixedly installed on the front side of the rotating frame (17); two sliding seats (20) are slidably sleeved on the outer side of the rotating plate (18); a connecting rope (24) is fixedly connected to the sides of the two sliding seats (20) that are close to each other; and the rear ends of the two connecting ropes (24) are fixedly connected to the front side of the cylinder (23).

4. The metal coating plasma spraying structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two limiting rings (26) are fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the cylinder (23), and the two limiting rings (26) are movably abutted against the front and rear sides of the connecting plate (16) respectively; Two connecting springs (22) are fixedly connected to the rear end of the cylinder (23), and the rear ends of the connecting springs (22) are fixedly connected to the rear inner wall of the rotating frame (17); Two fixed pulleys (25) are rotatably mounted in the rotating frame (17), and the two connecting ropes (24) are respectively wound around the outer sides of the corresponding fixed pulleys (25); The two sliding seats (20) are both fixedly connected to a compression spring (19) on one side away from each other, and the other end of the compression spring (19) is fixedly connected to the rotating plate (18); A gear (13) is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (21), a vertical rod (11) is fixedly mounted on the top of the lifting plate (7), a rack (12) is fixedly mounted on one side of the vertical rod (11), and the gear (13) is meshed with the rack (12).

5. The metal coating plasma spraying structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A laser transmitter (901) and a laser receiver (902) are arranged at the bottom of the laser rangefinder (9); The vacuum tube (105) is provided with a first control valve (107), and the inert gas introduction tube (106) is provided with a second control valve (108).

6. The metal coating plasma spraying structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clamp comprises a mounting tube (2), a driving tube (207) and a plurality of clamping plates (201); the mounting tube (2) is fixedly connected to one end of the corresponding connecting shaft (4); the plurality of clamping plates (201) are arranged in a ring shape at equal intervals; the outer side of the clamping plate (201) is rotatably connected to a connecting rod (203) and a plurality of mounting rods (202); two adjacent mounting rods (202) are parallel to each other; the other end of the mounting rod (202) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting tube (2); the other end of the connecting rod (203) is hinged to a cross rod (204); the driving tube (207) is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the mounting tube (2); the outer side of the driving tube (207) is threadedly sleeved with a threaded tube (206); the other end of the cross rod (204) is fixedly connected to the threaded tube (206).

7. The metal coating plasma spraying structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: A fixing ring (205) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the installation cylinder (2), and the fixing ring (205) is slidably sleeved on the outer sides of the plurality of cross bars (204); An annular limiting protrusion is integrally formed on the outer side of the installation cylinder (2), and the annular limiting protrusion and the fixing ring (205) are movably abutted against two sides of the driving cylinder (207) respectively; A square groove is provided on the left side of the installation cylinder (2), a convex plate (208) is slidably installed in the square groove, a plurality of grooves are provided on the inner wall of the driving cylinder (207), the convex plate (208) is movably engaged in the corresponding grooves, and a reset spring (209) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the convex plate (208), the bottom end of the reset spring (209) is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the square groove, and a limiting rod is fixedly installed in the square groove, and the convex plate (208) is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the limiting rod.

8. The metal coating plasma spraying structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the bidirectional screw (302) is fixedly connected to a knob (303), and a plurality of positioning grooves are provided on the outer side of the knob (303). A base (101) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the spray chamber (1), and a slide groove is provided on one side of the top of the base (101). A slide plate (304) is slidably installed in the slide groove. A positioning protrusion is integrally formed on the top of the slide plate (304), and the positioning protrusion is movably engaged in the corresponding positioning groove. A pull rod (306) and a transverse spring (305) are fixedly connected to one side of the slide plate (304), and the other end of the transverse spring (305) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the slide groove.

9. The metal coating plasma spraying structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: A through hole is provided on the front side of the spraying chamber (1), and a baffle (104) and two slide rails (103) are fixedly installed on the front side of the spraying chamber (1), and the outer sides of the two slide rails (103) are slidably sleeved with a same chamber door (102), and the chamber door (102) is movably sealed against the front side of the spraying chamber (1); A plurality of limiting grooves are formed on the outer side of the connecting shaft (4), and a plurality of limiting protrusions adapted to the limiting grooves are integrally formed on the inner wall of the rotating column (403).

10. A method for using the metal coating plasma spraying structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: placing a workpiece to be sprayed into a spray chamber (1) through a through hole, clamping the workpiece by a clamping mechanism, and moving the chamber door (102) downward so that it contacts the baffle (104), thereby blocking the through hole; S2: by opening the first control valve (107), the gas is extracted through the vacuum tube (105), and the spray chamber (1) is evacuated, then the first control valve (107) is closed, the second control valve (108) is opened, and the inert gas is filled into the spray chamber (1) through the inert gas introduction tube (106); S3: Start the drive motor (503) and the plasma spray gun (8), the plasma spray gun (8) heats the metal powder to a molten state and sprays it at a high speed onto the surface of the workpiece to form a coating, and at the same time the drive motor (503) drives the screw rod (502) to rotate, the screw rod (502) drives the installation frame (5) to move horizontally through the threaded transmission with the connecting plate (504) and under the guidance of the crossbeam (501), and easily drives the arc of the plasma spray gun (8) to move horizontally, and at the same time the screw rod (502) drives the two driven pulleys (401) to rotate through the two active pulleys (402) and the two synchronous belts, and drives the connecting shaft (4) and the fixture to rotate through the rotating column (403), thereby driving the workpiece to rotate, so as to realize the spraying work on different positions of the workpiece; S4: while spraying, the laser rangefinder (9) is started, the laser transmitter (901) emits laser light to the workpiece, the laser receiver (902) receives the laser light, the distance between the workpiece and the lifting plate (7) is calculated by the time difference, and the signal is transmitted to the controller (10), the controller (10) takes the average value of the measurement results of the two laser rangefinders (9) as the estimated distance between the plasma spray gun (8) and the workpiece, when the estimated distance between the plasma spray gun (8) and the workpiece decreases, the controller (10) controls the output end of the electric push rod (6) to contract, thereby driving the plasma spray gun (8) away from the workpiece, when the estimated distance between the plasma spray gun (8) and the workpiece increases, the controller (10) controls the output end of the electric push rod (6) to extend, thereby driving the plasma spray gun (8) close to the workpiece, so that the distance between the plasma spray gun (8) and the workpiece is always maintained within a constant range, thereby ensuring uniform spraying; S5: The lifting plate (7) is driven by the electric push rod (6) to lift the lifting plate (7) and at the same time drive the vertical rod (11) and the rack (12) to be lifted synchronously. The rack (12) drives the rotating shaft (21), the rotating frame (17) and the rotating plate (18) to rotate through the rotation of the gear (13), and drives the sliding seat (20) to perform circular motion. The sliding seats (20) move away from each other under the action of centrifugal force, and drive the cylinder (23) to move forward through the connecting rope (24). The cylinder (23) drives the connecting plate (16) to move forward, and the connecting plate (16) drives the two conductive blocks (15) to move forward, so that the length of the resistor bar (14) connected to the circuit of the driving motor (503) increases, and the resistance increases, so that the output shaft power of the driving motor (503) decreases, and the driving force is increased. The rotation speed is reduced, thereby reducing the rotation speed of the rotating column (403) and the screw (502), so as to reduce the horizontal movement speed of the plasma spray gun (8) and the rotation speed of the workpiece, so that the spraying feed speed can be increased when the workpiece undergoes a shape change, so as to ensure complete and uniform spraying. As the shape change of the workpiece increases, the vertical movement speed of the lifting plate (7) increases, the movement speed of the rotating frame (17) increases, the centrifugal force on the sliding seat (20) increases, the moving distance of the sliding seat (20) increases, and the moving distance of the cylinder (23) and the conductor increases, so that the length of the resistor bar (14) connected to the circuit of the drive motor (503) is further increased, and the resistance is further reduced, so as to further reduce the horizontal movement speed of the spray gun and the rotation speed of the workpiece, so as to ensure the uniformity of spraying.

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