Laser cladding quenching comprehensive processing device and processing method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of laser machining, and particularly relates to a laser cladding and quenching comprehensive machining device and method.The laser cladding and quenching comprehensive machining device comprises a workbench, a laser machining device is arranged on the upper portion of the workbench, the laser machining device comprises a supporting base, the supporting base is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the workbench, and a six-claw disc is rotationally connected to the interior of the supporting base; through movement of the pipeline, the rectangular scraper can scrape away solid particles attached to the non-cladding area of the pipeline through the bottom of the rectangular scraper, it can be ensured that a cladding layer and a base material are combined more tightly, and therefore the strength and stability of the overall structure are improved, and the cladding quenching quality can be improved; secondly, tiny scratches on the outer ring surface of the pipeline are filled with the adhesive, so that the outer ring surface of the pipeline is smoother, laser energy can be more uniformly distributed on the surface of the pipeline during laser cladding, the uniformity of a cladding layer is improved, and the cladding quenching quality of the outer ring surface of the pipeline is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of laser processing, in particular to a laser cladding and quenching comprehensive processing device and a processing method. Background Art

[0002] The laser cladding and quenching comprehensive processing device is a comprehensive processing equipment that integrates laser cladding and laser quenching technologies. It uses a high-energy-density laser beam to heat the workpiece surface to achieve rapid melting and solid-state phase change, thereby improving the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the material surface. It can also complete different processing steps at the same workstation. It is also equipped with heat conduction components and drive components to achieve controllable regional cooling, thereby improving processing efficiency and workpiece quality.

[0003] In the prior art, a high-energy laser beam is generated by a laser generator and focused onto the workpiece surface through a beam transmission system, causing the workpiece surface material to melt rapidly to form a cladding layer. The cladding layer is then rapidly cooled by a specific cooling method to achieve quenching treatment, thereby enhancing the hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the workpiece surface. The entire processing process is highly automated, and the laser parameters and cooling conditions can be precisely controlled to ensure processing quality and efficiency.

[0004] There are still some problems in the actual application of the above scheme. Although the existing equipment can complete the cladding and quenching processing, when the laser power is set too high during the laser cladding process, the temperature of the molten pool will be too high, and the convection and boiling of the molten pool will be intensified, which will cause the liquid metal and incompletely melted powder in the molten pool to be violently stirred and thrown out of the molten pool, forming sparks. When the sparks splash onto the surface of the pipe that has not been clad and quenched, metal particles or other contaminants will be formed. At this time, when the section of the pipe is clad and quenched, these metal particles attached to the outer ring surface of the pipe will become inclusions in the cladding layer, and these inclusions will reduce the uniformity and density of the cladding layer, thereby affecting its mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, and further reducing the quality of the cladding layer. When the added adjustable scraping mechanism scrapes the sparks attached to the outer ring surface of the pipe, it will cause fine scratches on the outer ring surface of the pipe, and the presence of these scratches will cause uneven subsequent cladding and quenching, thereby reducing the quality of the cladding.

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a laser cladding and quenching comprehensive processing device and processing method. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background technology is solved.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows: the laser cladding and quenching comprehensive processing device described in the present invention comprises a workbench, a laser processing device is arranged on the upper part of the workbench, the laser processing device comprises a support seat, the support seat is fixedly connected to the upper part of the workbench, a six-legged claw plate is rotatably connected inside the support seat, a first electric guide rail is fixedly connected to the upper part of the workbench, the laser cladding device is slidably connected to the outer annular surface of the first electric guide rail, and an adjustable scraping mechanism is arranged on the upper part of the workbench; The adjustable scraping mechanism includes a moving plate slidably arranged on the upper part of the workbench, a rotating ring is rotatably arranged on the side of the moving plate, and a rectangular scraper is slidably arranged on the inner ring surface of the rotating ring. The movement of the rectangular scraper can fit the outer ring surface of different pipes, and the rotation of the six-legged claw plate drives the pipe to rotate, so as to scrape off solid particles formed by sparks flying in the un-clad area of ​​the pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the adjustable scraping mechanism includes a second electric guide rail, which is fixedly connected to the upper part of the workbench, a sliding block is slidably connected inside the second electric guide rail, a movable plate is fixedly connected to the upper part of the sliding block, a limiting wheel is rotatably connected to the side of the movable plate, and a rotating ring is slidably connected to the outer ring surface of the limiting wheel.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of groups of the limiting wheels are arranged around the outer ring surface of the rotating ring, and the sliding block moves synchronously with the laser cladding device to ensure that the distance between the adjustable scraping mechanism and the cladding surface is constant.

[0010] Preferably, a fixed square tube is fixedly connected to the inner ring surface of the rotating ring, a first adjustment hole is penetrated through the side of the fixed square tube, a cavity is opened inside the fixed square tube, a rectangular scraper is slidably connected inside the fixed square tube, a second adjustment hole is penetrated through the side of the rectangular scraper, a pin is inserted into the first adjustment hole, and a nut is threadedly connected to one end of the pin.

[0011] Preferably, the provision of the first adjustment hole and the second adjustment hole enables the rectangular scraper to always fit the outer annular surface of pipes of different sizes, and the provision of the nut and the latch enables convenient disassembly when the rectangular scraper needs to be replaced.

[0012] Preferably, a coating mechanism for coating is provided inside the adjustable scraping mechanism, and the coating mechanism includes a displacement rod, the displacement rod is fixedly connected to the inner ring surface of the rotating ring, a telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the side of the rectangular scraper, the telescopic cylinder is provided with an inner cavity, a first spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the inner cavity of the telescopic cylinder, one end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod, and a limiting block is inserted into one end of the telescopic rod; the inner ring surface of the movable plate is fixedly connected to a fixed block, a piston cylinder is fixedly connected through the fixed block, a cavity is provided inside the piston cylinder, a piston rod is slidably connected to the inside of the piston cylinder, one end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to a piston plate, one side of the piston plate is fixedly connected to a second spring, and one end of the piston rod abuts against one side of the displacement rod.

[0013] Preferably, the setting of the first spring can determine the size of the resistance required by the adjustable scraping mechanism, and provide a corresponding dose of adhesive according to the size of the resistance. The limit block is a trapezoidal structure, and the connection between the telescopic rod and the limit block can facilitate the purpose of convenient disassembly when the device needs maintenance.

[0014] Preferably, the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the inner cavity side wall of the piston cylinder, the second spring is sleeved on the outer ring surface of the piston rod, the outer ring surface of the piston cylinder is penetrated and fixedly connected with a liquid inlet pipe, one end of the liquid inlet pipe is penetrated and fixedly connected with a liquid storage tank, the outer ring surface of the piston cylinder is fixedly connected with a limit plate, the limit plate is slidably connected with a connecting column, the bottom of the connecting column is fixedly connected with a displacement block, the displacement block is penetrated and fixedly connected with a liquid outlet pipe, one end of the liquid outlet pipe is penetrated and fixedly connected to one end of the piston cylinder, and the bottom of the displacement block is fixedly connected with a sponge pad.

[0015] Preferably, the liquid inside the liquid storage tank is an adhesive, the transverse plate on the top of the limit plate prevents the displacement block from falling, and the liquid inlet pipe passes through and is fixed inside the movable plate.

[0016] A laser cladding quenching comprehensive processing method, specifically: Preparation: Place the pipe to be processed on the hexapod, and fix and clamp the pipe by contracting the hexapod, and inspect and debug the equipment. Laser cladding stage: The powder supply device in the laser cladding device supplies the appropriate alloy powder to the outer ring surface of the pipe, and the laser cladding device emits a high-energy-density laser beam to melt the alloy powder to form a molten pool. At this time, the external motor will start and drive the six-legged claw plate to rotate, which can then drive the pipe to rotate. Since the bottom of the rectangular scraper is in contact with the outer ring surface of the pipe, the sparks on the un-clad area can be scraped off when the pipe rotates; Laser quenching stage: the cladding layer is formed. The laser cladding device will emit a high-energy-density laser beam again to heat the cladding layer. As the laser beam moves and the workpiece cools, the austenite in the cladding layer quickly transforms into martensite, thereby achieving a quenching effect. When quenching is completed, the workpiece surface will be cooled. Subsequent processing and inspection: After quenching, the pipe surface needs to be cleaned, and the workpiece will be quality inspected after cleaning.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention determines the size of the pipeline by the staff, at which time the nut is removed and the pin is taken out, and the rectangular scraper will slide down due to no obstruction by external force. When the size of the pipeline to be clad is consistent with the height of the rectangular scraper's descent, the pin is inserted into the first adjustment hole and the second adjustment hole through which the fixed square tube and the side of the rectangular scraper are opened, and fixed by the nut. At this time, the bottom of the rectangular scraper will fit with the outer ring surface of the pipeline. When the pipeline rotates, the bottom of the rectangular scraper will conflict with the solid particles attached to the outer ring surface of the pipeline, and at this time, the rotating ring will be driven to rotate under the limit of several groups of limit wheels. When the rotating ring is blocked by the remaining mechanisms, the rotating ring and the rectangular scraper will stop moving. However, since the pipeline is continuously rotating, the rectangular scraper that stops moving at this time will scrape off the solid particles attached to the unclad area of ​​the pipeline through its bottom, which can ensure that the cladding layer and the substrate are more closely combined, thereby improving the strength and stability of the overall structure, and further improving the quality of cladding quenching.

[0018] 2. In the present invention, when the displacement rod is rotated, its side surface will fit with the end surface of the piston rod. Since a hinge ball is provided at one end of the piston rod, the piston rod will gradually move from the upper part of the displacement rod to the lower part of the displacement rod while the displacement rod pushes the piston rod to move. At this time, the piston rod will move inward along the guide of the piston cylinder, and drive the piston plate to move synchronously while moving. At this time, the second spring fixed on the piston plate and the side of the piston cylinder will gradually stretch, and in the process of stretching, the adhesive stored in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder will be pushed into the liquid outlet pipe, and the adhesive will be injected into the sponge pad through the liquid outlet pipe. Since a one-way valve is provided at the junction of the liquid inlet pipe and the piston cylinder, During extrusion, the adhesive inside the piston cylinder will not flow back into the liquid storage tank. At the same time, since the bottom of the sponge pad is on the same horizontal plane as the bottom of the rectangular scraper, when the rectangular scraper scrapes the solid particles on the outer ring surface of the pipe, the bottom of the sponge pad is in contact with the outer ring surface of the pipe, and the movement path will remain consistent, so that the adhesive can be applied to the scraping area completed by the rectangular scraper, and the fine scratches on the outer ring surface of the pipe can be filled with the adhesive, making the outer ring surface of the pipe smoother. During laser cladding, the laser energy can be more evenly distributed on the pipe surface, thereby improving the uniformity of the cladding layer and further improving the quality of cladding quenching on the outer ring surface of the pipe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the position structure of the laser processing device and the adjustable scraping mechanism shown in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjustable scraping mechanism shown in the present invention; Figure 4 The present invention shows Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the position structure of the adjustable scraping mechanism and the coating mechanism shown in the present invention; Figure 6 The present invention shows Figure 5 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the coating mechanism shown in the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the piston cylinder shown in the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1. Workbench; 2. Laser processing device; 201. Support seat; 202. Six-legged claw plate; 203. First electric guide rail; 204. Laser cladding device; 3. Adjustable scraping mechanism; 301. Second electric guide rail; 302. Sliding block; 303. Moving plate; 304. Limiting wheel; 305. Rotating ring; 306. Fixed square tube; 307. First adjustment hole; 308. Rectangular scraper; 309. Second adjustment hole; 310. Latch; 311. Nut; 4. Coating mechanism; 401. Displacement rod; 402. Telescopic cylinder; 403. First spring; 404. Telescopic rod; 405. Limit block; 406. Fixed block; 407. Piston cylinder; 408. Piston rod; 409. Piston sheet; 410. Second spring; 411. Liquid inlet pipe; 412. Liquid storage tank; 413. Limit plate; 414. Connecting column; 415. Displacement block; 416. Liquid outlet pipe; 417. Sponge pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods. Example 1

[0023] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, one embodiment of the present invention is: A laser cladding and quenching comprehensive processing device, comprising a workbench 1, a laser processing device 2 is arranged on the upper part of the workbench 1, the laser processing device 2 comprises a support seat 201, the support seat 201 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the workbench 1, a six-legged claw plate 202 is rotatably connected inside the support seat 201, a first electric guide rail 203 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the workbench 1, a laser cladding device 204 is slidably connected to the outer annular surface of the first electric guide rail 203, and an adjustable scraping mechanism 3 is arranged on the upper part of the workbench 1; The adjustable scraping mechanism 3 includes a movable plate 303 slidably arranged on the upper part of the workbench 1, a rotating ring 305 is rotatably arranged on the side of the movable plate 303, and a rectangular scraper 308 is slidably arranged on the inner ring surface of the rotating ring 305. The rectangular scraper 308 can fit with the outer ring surface of different pipes through the movement of the rectangular scraper 308, and the pipes can be driven to rotate through the rotation of the six-legged claw plate 202, so as to scrape off solid particles formed by sparks flying from the un-clad area of ​​the pipe.

[0024] Specifically, although the existing equipment can complete the cladding and quenching process, when the laser power is set too high during the laser cladding process, the temperature of the molten pool will be too high, and the convection and boiling of the molten pool will be aggravated, which will cause the liquid metal and the powder that is not completely melted in the molten pool to be violently stirred and thrown out of the molten pool, forming sparks. When the sparks splash onto the surface of the pipe that has not been clad and quenched, metal particles or other contaminants will be formed. At this time, when the section of the pipe is clad and quenched, these metal particles attached to the outer annular surface of the pipe will become inclusions in the cladding layer, and these inclusions will reduce the uniformity and density of the cladding layer, thereby affecting its mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, and further reducing the quality of the cladding layer. Therefore, the present invention solves this problem by setting a certain structure. When it is necessary to perform cladding and quenching on the surface of the pipeline, the pipeline will be placed in the hexapod plate 202 on the top of the support seat 201, and the pipeline will be clamped by the hexapod plate 202. At this time, the laser cladding device 204 is started to coat the outer ring surface of the pipeline, and the hexapod plate 202 is driven by an external motor to rotate synchronously. When the outer ring surface of the pipeline is completed by cladding and quenching, the first electric guide rail 203 fixed on the upper part of the workbench 1 is started. At this time, the first electric guide rail 203 will drive the laser cladding device 204 to move slowly, thereby completing the coating of the outer ring surface of the pipeline. However, during the laser cladding process, when the laser power is set too high, the temperature of the molten pool will be too high, and the convection and boiling of the molten pool will be aggravated, which will cause the liquid metal and the incompletely melted powder in the molten pool to be violently stirred and thrown out of the molten pool to form sparks. When the sparks splash onto the surface of the pipeline that has not been clad and quenched, metal Particles or other contaminants. At this time, when the section of pipeline is subjected to cladding quenching, these metal particles attached to the outer ring surface of the pipeline will become inclusions in the cladding layer, and these inclusions will reduce the uniformity and density of the cladding layer, thereby affecting its mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, and further reducing the quality of the cladding layer. Since the pipeline passes through the movable plate 303 and the rotating ring 305 arranged on the side of the movable plate 303, and the bottom of the rectangular scraper 308 is always in contact with the outer ring surface of the pipeline, when the pipeline rotates, the solid particles attached to the unclad area will contact the bottom of the rectangular scraper 308. At this time, the rectangular scraper 308 will rotate with the rotating ring 305. When the rotating ring 305 is blocked by the remaining mechanisms, the rectangular scraper 308 and the rotating ring 305 will stop rotating, while the pipeline is always in a rotating state. At this time, the solid particles attached to the outer ring surface of the pipeline will be scraped off by the rectangular scraper 308, thereby improving the flatness of the pipeline cladding surface and thus improving the quality of cladding quenching.

[0025] like Figure 3As shown, the adjustable scraping mechanism 3 described in this embodiment includes a second electric guide rail 301, the second electric guide rail 301 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the workbench 1, a sliding block 302 is slidably connected inside the second electric guide rail 301, a moving plate 303 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the sliding block 302, the moving plate 303 is rotatably connected to a limiting wheel 304 on the side, and a rotating ring 305 is slidably connected to the outer ring surface of the limiting wheel 304.

[0026] like Figure 4 As shown, the inner ring surface of the rotating ring 305 described in this embodiment is fixedly connected to a fixed square cylinder 306, a first adjustment hole 307 is opened through the side of the fixed square cylinder 306, a cavity is opened inside the fixed square cylinder 306, a rectangular scraper 308 is slidably connected inside the fixed square cylinder 306, a second adjustment hole 309 is opened through the side of the rectangular scraper 308, a pin 310 is inserted into the first adjustment hole 307, and a nut 311 is threadedly connected to one end of the pin 310.

[0027] Specifically, when it is necessary to perform cladding quenching on the pipeline, the size of the pipeline is first determined by the staff, and the nut 311 is removed at this time, and the pin 310 is taken out, and the rectangular scraper 308 will slide down due to no external force. When the size of the pipeline to be clad is consistent with the height of the rectangular scraper 308, the pin 310 is inserted into the first adjustment hole 307 and the second adjustment hole 309 that are opened through the side of the fixed square tube 306 and the rectangular scraper 308, and fixed by the nut 311. At this time, the bottom of the rectangular scraper 308 will fit with the outer ring surface of the pipeline, and when the pipeline rotates The bottom of the rectangular scraper 308 will collide with the solid particles attached to the outer ring surface of the pipe, and at this time, it will drive the rotating ring 305 to rotate under the limit of several groups of limiting wheels 304. When the rotating ring 305 is blocked by other mechanisms, the rotating ring 305 and the rectangular scraper 308 will stop moving. However, since the pipe is continuously rotating, the rectangular scraper 308 that has stopped moving at this time will scrape off the solid particles attached to the un-clad area of ​​the pipe through its bottom, which can ensure a closer combination between the cladding layer and the substrate, thereby improving the strength and stability of the overall structure, and further improving the quality of cladding quenching.

[0028] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the adjustable scraping mechanism 3 of this embodiment is internally provided with a coating mechanism 4 for coating, and the coating mechanism 4 includes a displacement rod 401, and the displacement rod 401 is fixedly connected to the inner ring surface of the rotating ring 305, and a telescopic cylinder 402 is fixedly connected to the side of the rectangular scraper 308, and the telescopic cylinder 402 is provided with an inner cavity, and a first spring 403 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the inner cavity of the telescopic cylinder 402, and one end of the first spring 403 is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod 404, and one end of the telescopic rod 404 is plugged with a limiting block 405, and a fixed block 406 is fixedly connected to the inner ring surface of the movable plate 303, and a piston cylinder 407 is fixedly connected to the fixed block 406, and a cavity is provided inside the piston cylinder 407, and a piston rod 408 is slidably connected to the inside of the piston cylinder 407, and one end of the piston rod 408 is fixedly connected to a piston plate 409, and one side of the piston plate 409 is fixedly connected to a second spring 410, and one end of the piston rod 408 abuts against one side of the displacement rod 401.

[0029] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the other end of the second spring 410 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity side wall of the piston cylinder 407, and the second spring 410 is sleeved on the outer ring surface of the piston rod 408. The outer ring surface of the piston cylinder 407 is penetrated and fixedly connected with a liquid inlet pipe 411, and one end of the liquid inlet pipe 411 is penetrated and fixedly connected with a liquid storage tank 412, and the outer ring surface of the piston cylinder 407 is fixedly connected with a limit plate 413, and the limit plate 413 is slidably connected with a connecting column 414 inside, and a displacement block 415 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting column 414, and a liquid outlet pipe 416 is penetrated and fixedly connected inside the displacement block 415, and one end of the liquid outlet pipe 416 is penetrated and fixedly connected to one end of the piston cylinder 407, and a sponge pad 417 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the displacement block 415.

[0030] Specifically, a person pulls the telescopic rod 404 inward, and when the groove at one end of the telescopic rod 404 and the limit block 405 are on the same horizontal plane, the telescopic rod 404 is released, and the telescopic rod 404 is stuck with the limit block 405 through the groove at its end surface; At this time, when the bottom of the rectangular scraper 308 encounters solid particles, the rotating ring 305 will follow the rectangular scraper 308 to rotate synchronously around its center. Since the displacement rod 401 and the rotating ring 305 are fixed, the displacement rod 401 will also rotate synchronously when the rotating ring 305 rotates. At the same time, since there is a gap between the sides of the telescopic cylinder 402 and the telescopic rod 404, the telescopic cylinder 402 and the telescopic rod 404 will not be stuck when the rectangular scraper 308 drives the telescopic cylinder 402 to rotate slightly, and the first spring 403 is in a compressed state at this time. When the displacement rod 401 rotates, its side surface will fit with the end surface of the piston rod 408. Since a hinge ball is provided at one end of the piston rod 408, the piston rod 408 will gradually move from the upper part of the displacement rod 401 to the lower part of the displacement rod 401 while the displacement rod 401 pushes the piston rod 408 to move. At this time, the piston rod 408 will move inward along the guide direction of the piston cylinder 407, and drive the piston plate 409 to move synchronously while moving. At this time, the second spring 410 fixed on the piston plate 409 and the side of the piston cylinder 407 will gradually stretch, and in the process of stretching, the adhesive stored in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 407 will be pushed into the liquid outlet pipe 416, and the adhesive will be injected into the sponge pad 417 through the liquid outlet pipe 416. Since a one-way valve is provided at the junction of the liquid inlet pipe 411 and the piston cylinder 407, the adhesive inside the piston cylinder 407 will not flow back into the liquid storage tank 412 during squeezing. At the same time, since the bottom of the sponge pad 417 is on the same horizontal plane as the bottom of the rectangular scraper 308, when the rectangular scraper 308 scrapes the solid particles on the outer ring surface of the pipe, the bottom of the sponge pad 417 is in contact with the outer ring surface of the pipe, and the movement path will remain consistent, so that the scraping area of ​​the rectangular scraper 308 can be coated with adhesive, and the fine scratches on the outer ring surface of the pipe can be filled with the adhesive, so that the outer ring surface of the pipe is smoother. During laser cladding, the laser energy can be more evenly distributed on the surface of the pipe, thereby improving the uniformity of the cladding layer and further improving the quality of cladding quenching on the outer ring surface of the pipe. Example 2

[0031] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown in the comparative example 1, another embodiment of the present invention is: a laser cladding quenching comprehensive processing method, the specific steps include: Preparation: Place the pipe to be processed on the six-legged claw plate 202, and complete the fixing and clamping of the pipe by contracting the six-legged claw plate 202, and inspect the equipment and debug the parameters; Laser cladding stage: The powder supply device in the laser cladding device 204 supplies appropriate alloy powder to the outer annular surface of the pipeline, and the laser cladding device 204 emits a high-energy-density laser beam to melt the alloy powder to form a molten pool. At this time, the external motor will start and drive the six-legged claw plate 202 to rotate, thereby driving the pipeline to rotate. Since the bottom of the rectangular scraper 308 is in contact with the outer annular surface of the pipeline, the sparks on the un-clad area can be scraped off when the pipeline rotates; Laser quenching stage: cladding layer formation The laser cladding device 204 will emit a high-energy-density laser beam again to heat the cladding layer. As the laser beam moves and the workpiece cools, the austenite in the cladding layer quickly transforms into martensite, thereby achieving a quenching effect. When quenching is completed, the workpiece surface will be cooled. Subsequent processing and inspection: After quenching, the pipe surface needs to be cleaned, and the workpiece will be quality inspected after cleaning.

[0032] Working principle: when the pipeline needs to be clad and quenched, the staff will first determine the size of the pipeline, then remove the nut 311 and take out the pin 310, and the rectangular scraper 308 will slide down because there is no external force to block it. When the size of the pipeline to be clad is consistent with the height of the rectangular scraper 308, the pin 310 is inserted into the first adjustment hole 307 and the second adjustment hole 309 that are opened on the side of the fixed square tube 306 and the rectangular scraper 308, and fixed by the nut 311. At this time, the bottom of the rectangular scraper 308 will fit with the outer ring surface of the pipeline. When the pipeline rotates When the pipe is continuously rotated, the rectangular scraper 308 that has stopped moving will scrape off the solid particles attached to the un-clad area of ​​the pipe through its bottom, which can ensure a tighter bond between the cladding layer and the substrate, thereby improving the strength and stability of the overall structure, and further improving the quality of cladding quenching.

[0033] The telescopic rod 404 is pulled inward by a person, and when the groove at one end of the telescopic rod 404 and the stop block 405 are on the same horizontal plane, the telescopic rod 404 is released, and the telescopic rod 404 is stuck by the groove at its end face and the stop block 405; At this time, when the bottom of the rectangular scraper 308 encounters solid particles, the rotating ring 305 will follow the rectangular scraper 308 to rotate synchronously around its center. Since the displacement rod 401 and the rotating ring 305 are fixed, the displacement rod 401 will also rotate synchronously when the rotating ring 305 rotates. At the same time, since there is a gap between the sides of the telescopic cylinder 402 and the telescopic rod 404, the telescopic cylinder 402 and the telescopic rod 404 will not be stuck when the rectangular scraper 308 drives the telescopic cylinder 402 to rotate slightly, and the first spring 403 is in a compressed state at this time. When the displacement rod 401 rotates, its side surface will fit with the end surface of the piston rod 408. Since a hinge ball is provided at one end of the piston rod 408, the piston rod 408 will gradually move from the upper part of the displacement rod 401 to the lower part of the displacement rod 401 while the displacement rod 401 pushes the piston rod 408 to move. At this time, the piston rod 408 will move inward along the guide direction of the piston cylinder 407, and drive the piston plate 409 to move synchronously while moving. At this time, the second spring 410 fixed on the piston plate 409 and the side of the piston cylinder 407 will gradually stretch, and in the process of stretching, the adhesive stored in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 407 will be pushed into the liquid outlet pipe 416, and the adhesive will be injected into the sponge pad 417 through the liquid outlet pipe 416. Since a one-way valve is provided at the junction of the liquid inlet pipe 411 and the piston cylinder 407, the adhesive inside the piston cylinder 407 will not flow back into the liquid storage tank 412 during squeezing. At the same time, since the bottom of the sponge pad 417 is on the same horizontal plane as the bottom of the rectangular scraper 308, when the rectangular scraper 308 scrapes the solid particles on the outer ring surface of the pipe, the bottom of the sponge pad 417 is in contact with the outer ring surface of the pipe, and the movement path will remain consistent, so that the scraping area of ​​the rectangular scraper 308 can be coated with adhesive, and the fine scratches on the outer ring surface of the pipe can be filled with the adhesive, so that the outer ring surface of the pipe is smoother. During laser cladding, the laser energy can be more evenly distributed on the surface of the pipe, thereby improving the uniformity of the cladding layer and further improving the quality of cladding quenching on the outer ring surface of the pipe.

[0034] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A laser cladding and quenching comprehensive processing device, comprising a workbench (1), a laser processing device (2) being arranged on the upper part of the workbench (1), the laser processing device (2) comprising a support seat (201), the support seat (201) being fixedly connected to the upper part of the workbench (1), a hexapod plate (202) being rotatably connected inside the support seat (201), a first electric guide rail (203) being fixedly connected to the upper part of the workbench (1), and a laser cladding device (204) being slidably connected to the outer annular surface of the first electric guide rail (203), characterized in that: An adjustable scraping mechanism (3) is provided on the upper part of the workbench (1); The adjustable scraping mechanism (3) comprises a moving plate (303) slidably arranged on the upper part of the workbench (1), a rotating ring (305) rotatably arranged on the side of the moving plate (303), and a rectangular scraper (308) slidably arranged on the inner ring surface of the rotating ring (305). The rectangular scraper (308) can fit with the outer ring surface of different pipes through the movement of the rectangular scraper (308), and the pipes can be driven to rotate through the rotation of the six-legged claw plate (202), so that solid particles formed by sparks flying and adhering to the un-cladding area of ​​the pipe can be scraped off.

2. The laser cladding and quenching comprehensive processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable scraping mechanism (3) comprises a second electric guide rail (301), the second electric guide rail (301) being fixedly connected to the upper part of the workbench (1), a sliding block (302) being slidably connected inside the second electric guide rail (301), a moving plate (303) being fixedly connected to the upper part of the sliding block (302), a side of the moving plate (303) being rotatably connected to a limiting wheel (304), and an outer ring surface of the limiting wheel (304) being slidably connected to a rotating ring (305).

3. The laser cladding and quenching comprehensive processing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting wheels (304) are arranged in multiple groups around the outer ring surface of the rotating ring (305), and the sliding block (302) moves synchronously with the laser cladding device (204) to ensure that the distance between the adjustable scraping mechanism (3) and the cladding surface is constant.

4. The laser cladding and quenching comprehensive processing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner ring surface of the rotating ring (305) is fixedly connected to a fixed square tube (306), a first adjustment hole (307) is formed through a side surface of the fixed square tube (306), a cavity is formed inside the fixed square tube (306), a rectangular scraper (308) is slidably connected inside the fixed square tube (306), a second adjustment hole (309) is formed through a side surface of the rectangular scraper (308), a latch (310) is inserted into the first adjustment hole (307), and a nut (311) is threadedly connected to one end of the latch (310).

5. The laser cladding and quenching comprehensive processing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The provision of the first adjustment hole (307) and the second adjustment hole (309) enables the rectangular scraper (308) to always fit the outer annular surface of pipes of different sizes, and the provision of the nut (311) and the latch (310) enables the rectangular scraper (308) to be easily disassembled when replacement is required.

6. The laser cladding and quenching comprehensive processing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A coating mechanism (4) for coating is arranged inside the adjustable scraping mechanism (3), the coating mechanism (4) comprising a displacement rod (401), the displacement rod (401) being fixedly connected to the inner ring surface of the rotating ring (305), a telescopic cylinder (402) being fixedly connected to the side of the rectangular scraper (308), the telescopic cylinder (402) being provided with an inner cavity, a first spring (403) being fixedly connected to the side wall of the inner cavity of the telescopic cylinder (402), one end of the first spring (403) being fixedly connected to the telescopic rod (404), one end of the telescopic rod (404) being fixedly connected to the inner ring surface of the rotating ring (305), and a first spring (403) being fixedly connected to the inner ring surface of the rotating ring (305). The inner ring surface of the movable plate (303) is fixedly connected with a fixed block (406) inserted into the limit block (405); a piston cylinder (407) is fixedly connected to the inside of the fixed block (406); a cavity is provided inside the piston cylinder (407); a piston rod (408) is slidably connected to the inside of the piston cylinder (407); one end of the piston rod (408) is fixedly connected to a piston plate (409); one side of the piston plate (409) is fixedly connected to a second spring (410); and one end of the piston rod (408) is in contact with one side of the displacement rod (401).

7. The laser cladding and quenching comprehensive processing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The setting of the first spring (403) can determine the size of the resistance required by the adjustable scraping mechanism (3), and provide a corresponding amount of adhesive according to the size of the resistance. The limit block (405) is of a trapezoidal structure, and the plugging of the telescopic rod (404) and the limit block (405) can facilitate the purpose of convenient disassembly when the device needs maintenance.

8. The laser cladding and quenching comprehensive processing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The other end of the second spring (410) is fixedly connected to the inner cavity side wall of the piston cylinder (407). The second spring (410) is sleeved on the outer ring surface of the piston rod (408). A liquid inlet pipe (411) is passed through and fixedly connected to the outer ring surface of the piston cylinder (407). One end of the liquid inlet pipe (411) is passed through and fixedly connected to a liquid storage tank (412). A limit plate (413) is fixedly connected to the outer ring surface of the piston cylinder (407). A connecting column (414) is slidably connected inside the limit plate (413). A displacement block (415) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting column (414). A liquid outlet pipe (416) is passed through and fixedly connected inside the displacement block (415). One end of the liquid outlet pipe (416) is passed through and fixedly connected to one end of the piston cylinder (407). A sponge pad (417) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the displacement block (415).

9. The laser cladding and quenching comprehensive processing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The liquid inside the liquid storage box (412) is an adhesive, the transverse plate on the top of the limiting plate (413) prevents the displacement block (415) from falling, and the liquid inlet pipe (411) passes through and is fixed inside the movable plate (303).

10. A laser cladding and quenching comprehensive processing method, using the laser cladding and quenching comprehensive processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Specifically: Preparation work: placing the pipe to be processed on the six-legged claw plate (202), and completing the work of fixing and clamping the pipe by contracting the six-legged claw plate (202), and inspecting the equipment and debugging the parameters; Laser cladding stage: suitable alloy powder is supplied to the outer annular surface of the pipe by the powder supply device in the laser cladding device (204), and a high-energy-density laser beam is emitted by the laser cladding device (204) to melt the alloy powder to form a molten pool. At this time, the external motor is started and drives the six-legged claw plate (202) to rotate, thereby driving the pipe to rotate. Since the bottom of the rectangular scraper (308) is in contact with the outer annular surface of the pipe, sparks on the un-clad area can be scraped off when the pipe rotates; Laser quenching stage: cladding layer formation: the laser cladding device (204) will emit a high-energy-density laser beam again to heat the cladding layer, and as the laser beam moves and the workpiece itself cools, the austenite in the cladding layer quickly transforms into martensite, thereby achieving a quenching effect. When quenching is completed, the workpiece surface is cooled; Subsequent processing and inspection: After quenching, the pipe surface needs to be cleaned, and the workpiece will be quality inspected after cleaning.

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