Three-dimensional fiber product forming machine and three-dimensional fiber product forming method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fiber forming, in particular to a three-dimensional fiber product forming machine and a three-dimensional fiber product forming method. On the basis of equipment of a traditional fiber product plane forming machine (such as a Kaiser method forming machine and the like), a plane suction filtration mode technology of an original two-dimensional forming net is improved into a complete set of mold forming such as a suction filtration forming mold and a hot press forming mold, and expansion of the three-dimensional forming capacity of the fiber product plane forming machine can be achieved. By means of the three-dimensional fiber product forming machine, fiber distribution can be relatively uniform, multiple kinds of fiber slurry can be accurately quantified, and multi-dimensional forming of fiber products is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fiber molding, and in particular to a three-dimensional fiber product molding machine and a three-dimensional fiber product molding method. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing emphasis on environmental protection and sustainable development, the demand for fiber products as degradable and renewable materials is increasing. Whether it is the packaging industry, the catering industry (such as plant fiber tableware) or the cultural products industry, there is a wide demand for fiber products. This has prompted the continuous development of related molding technologies to meet diverse product requirements. In addition, consumers' demand for personalized and customized products is also increasing. In the field of fiber products, it is necessary to be able to manufacture products with complex shapes and unique structures, which poses a challenge to molding technology. In the fields of materials science and mechanical engineering, new materials and manufacturing technologies are constantly emerging. For example, the development of new fiber products requires corresponding molding equipment to give full play to the performance advantages of new plant fibers.

[0003] Molding machines have certain advantages in manufacturing three-dimensional pulp products, but they use pulp scooping to form products, which makes it impossible to accurately control the amount of fiber used. There is room for improvement in terms of molding accuracy and adaptability to fiber slurry. The current molding machine technology is still insufficient to meet the needs of high-end, precision pulp products. Traditional fiber product flat forming machines (such as Kaiser paper sheet formers) have been widely used in laboratories and some small-scale production scenarios, and can achieve precise control of fiber slurry materials. However, the traditional Kaiser method mainly focuses on the molding of two-dimensional fiber products, and cannot yet achieve three-dimensional molding. It has limitations in meeting the growing demand for three-dimensional fiber products.

[0004] Therefore, under the current technical background, although there is the mature technology of Kaiser paper sheet former in two-dimensional paper sheet forming and the foundation of pulp molding machine in three-dimensional forming, there is still much room for improvement in converting the precise forming advantages of Kaiser process into three-dimensional pulp product forming. Summary of the invention

[0005] In the prior art, three-dimensional fiber products are usually prepared by fiber molding stereo forming technology, represented by laboratory pulp molding machines. The equipment is expensive and occupies a large area. The demand for fiber slurry is also large, and there is a waste of fiber slurry. The most important thing is that it is not accurate enough for molding thin three-dimensional fiber products with high precision requirements, and accurate quantitative experiments cannot be achieved at present.

[0006] Based on this, the present invention has the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a three-dimensional fiber product forming machine, comprising a suction filtration forming unit, a hot pressing forming unit, an auxiliary unit and a control unit; the suction filtration forming unit is used to perform air flow homogenization on the fiber slurry and then vacuum filtration to achieve uniform and rapid dehydration and forming to form a three-dimensional wet blank; the hot pressing forming unit is used to perform hot pressing and drying forming on the wet blank to form a three-dimensional fiber product; the auxiliary unit is used to supply water and recycle filtered water; the control unit is used to achieve automated, parameterized and intelligent control of operations; Among them, the filtration molding unit includes an air flow homogenization cylinder, a three-dimensional filtration molding mold and a vacuum system; the three-dimensional filtration molding mold includes a filtration molding mold, a mold pressing net and a pressing frame; the air flow homogenization cylinder is used to perform air flow homogenization on the fiber slurry; the filtration molding mold wall has openings for drainage; the mold pressing net is placed in the filtration molding mold to prevent the fiber from losing through the openings on the filtration molding mold wall; the pressing frame is used to fix the mold pressing net in the filtration molding mold.

[0007] In the present invention, based on the equipment of the traditional fiber product plane forming machine (such as Kaiser forming machine, etc.), by improving the plane filtration mode technology of the original two-dimensional forming net into a set of molds such as filtration forming molds and hot pressing forming molds, the expansion of its three-dimensional forming ability can be achieved. The three-dimensional fiber product forming machine obtained by the present invention can make the fiber distribution relatively uniform, accurately quantify a variety of fiber slurries, and realize the multi-dimensional forming of fiber products.

[0008] According to the fiber product forming machine provided by the present invention, the hot pressing forming mold comprises a hot pressing upper mold and a hot pressing lower mold, which are used to hot press and dry the wet blank to form a three-dimensional fiber product.

[0009] In the present invention, the hot pressing upper mold and the hot pressing lower mold are generally a set of yin and yang molds, and technical personnel in this field can use molds of different shapes to prepare different fiber-based three-dimensional molded products as needed, and the mold shape is not limited here.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for forming a fiber product, comprising: S1: dissociating the fiber dry pulp to obtain a fiber suspension; S2: pouring the fiber suspension into a three-dimensional suction filtration forming mold in the fiber product plane forming machine to obtain a wet blank; S3: hot pressing the wet blank.

[0011] According to the forming method of three-dimensional fiber products provided by the present invention, in S1, the solid content of the fiber suspension is 10wt%~90wt%; for example, it can be any value among 10wt%, 20wt%, 30wt%, 40wt%, 50wt%, 60wt%, 70wt%, 80wt% and 90wt%, or a numerical range with any two of the above values ​​as endpoints.

[0012] Preferably, the solid content of the fiber suspension is 20wt%~30wt%.

[0013] According to the forming method of three-dimensional fiber products provided by the present invention, in S2, the temperature is controlled to be 20-30° C.; and / or the volume of the fiber suspension is 80%-90% of the volume of the air flow homogenization cylinder.

[0014] According to the molding method of three-dimensional fiber products provided by the present invention, in S3, the hot pressing temperature is 120-250° C., and the hot pressing pressure is 0.2-1.0 MPa.

[0015] According to the method for forming a three-dimensional fiber product provided by the present invention, in S3, the hot pressing time is 1 to 5 minutes.

[0016] In the present invention, those skilled in the art can adjust the above-mentioned specific hot pressing temperature, time, pressure and other process parameters according to actual conditions.

[0017] In the present invention, the molding method is applicable to fibers such as plant fibers, mineral fibers, polymer fibers and mixed fibers thereof, and is mainly used for the precise quantitative preparation of multi-dimensional fiber-based materials formed by interweaving after fiber dispersion.

[0018] According to the forming method of three-dimensional fiber products provided by the present invention, the fiber dry pulp includes one or more of plant fiber dry pulp, inorganic fiber dry pulp, organic non-plant fiber dry pulp and their recycled and modified fibers; the plant fiber includes one or more of wood fiber, bagasse, bamboo fiber, straw and cotton and linen; the inorganic fiber includes one or more of carbon fiber, mineral fiber and metal fiber; the organic non-plant fiber includes one or more of polymer fiber, silk and plush.

[0019] According to the forming method of three-dimensional fiber products provided by the present invention, the fiber suspension also contains additives, which include one or more of waterproofing agents, oil repellents, dry strength agents, wet strength agents, fiber dispersants, defoaming agents, inhibitors, degassing agents, dyes, fluorescent whitening agents and fillers.

[0020] According to the forming method of the three-dimensional fiber product provided by the present invention, in S1, the fiber dry pulp is dissociated and dispersed by the GB / T 29285 method, and cooled to room temperature to obtain a fiber suspension.

[0021] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Improved molding accuracy: The present invention develops three-dimensional molding capabilities based on the traditional Kaiser former. When making some fiber molding products with high precision requirements (such as fiber pulp packaging for small precision electronic products), it can provide better product quality, accurately control the fiber dosage, improve product uniformity, and is conducive to experimental research.

[0022] 2. Slurry utilization efficiency: The good adaptability of the three-dimensional fiber product forming machine of the present invention to slurry can improve the slurry utilization efficiency and reduce slurry waste. In laboratory research, this helps to more accurately control costs and study the best way to use slurry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional fiber product forming machine in Example 1 provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional filtration molding die in Example 1 provided by the present invention; wherein A is a top view of the pressure frame of the filtration molding die, B is a top view of the filtration molding die, C is a side view of the pressure frame of the filtration molding die, and D is a side view of the filtration molding die and the mold pressing net.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the hot pressing mold in Example 1 provided by the present invention; wherein A is a top view of the upper mold of the hot pressing mold, B is a side view of the upper mold of the hot pressing mold, C is a top view of the lower mold of the hot pressing mold, and D is a side view of the lower mold of the hot pressing mold.

[0027] Figure 1 Reference numerals: 1: Vacuum system; 2: Filtration molding unit; 3: Control unit; 4: Hot pressing molding unit; 5: Auxiliary unit; 6: Filtration mold; 7: Hot pressing upper mold; 8: Hot pressing lower mold; 9: Water tank.

[0028] Figure 2 Reference numerals: 1: Pressing frame; 2: Lunch box mold; 3: Mold air holes; 4: Mold pressing mesh.

[0029] Figure 3Reference numerals: 1: Hot pressing upper mold; 2: Hot pressing lower mold; 3: Mold pores; 4: Grooves. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Unless otherwise specified, the various raw materials used in the examples and comparative examples are commercially available conventional raw materials, and the technical means used are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0032] Example 1 This embodiment provides a three-dimensional fiber product forming machine (see schematic diagram Figure 1 ), including a filtration molding unit, a hot pressing molding unit, an auxiliary unit and a control unit.

[0033] The filtration molding unit is used to perform vacuum filtration on the fiber slurry after air flow homogenization to achieve uniform and rapid dehydration and molding to form a three-dimensional wet blank; the hot pressing molding unit is used to perform hot pressing and drying molding on the wet blank to form a three-dimensional fiber product; the auxiliary unit is used to supply water and recycle filtered water; the control unit is used to achieve automated, parameterized and intelligent control of operations.

[0034] The filtration forming unit includes an air flow homogenization cylinder, a three-dimensional filtration forming mold and a vacuum system; the three-dimensional filtration forming mold (schematic diagram is shown in Figure 2 ) includes a filtration forming mold, a mold pressing net and a pressing frame; the air flow homogenization cylinder is used to perform air flow homogenization on the fiber slurry; the filtration forming mold cooperates with the mold pressing net to receive the fibers to form a three-dimensional wet blank during vacuum filtration and dehydration; the filtration forming mold wall has openings for drainage; the mold pressing net is placed inside the filtration forming mold to prevent the fibers from leaking out of the openings on the filtration forming mold wall; the pressing frame is used to fix the inner net inside the filtration forming mold. The hot pressing forming mold (see the schematic diagram) Figure 3 ) includes a hot pressing upper mold and a hot pressing lower mold, which are used to hot press and dry the wet blank to form a three-dimensional fiber product.

[0035] This embodiment further provides a method for forming a three-dimensional fiber product, comprising: (1) Slurry preparation: The unit mass of the bamboo fiber molded lunch box is designed to be 11 g. 5 kg of bamboo fiber dry pulp is dissociated according to the method of GB / T 29285. After the dissociation, the suspension is cooled to room temperature; the solid content of the suspension is 25wt%; (2) Installing the mold: Install the three-dimensional filtration molding mold for the lunch box on the filtration molding platform of the Kaiser molding machine; (3) Wet blank molding: pouring the bamboo fiber slurry obtained in step (1) into an air flow homogenization cylinder for air flow homogenization at room temperature, and passing through the three-dimensional filtration molding mold described in step (2) to obtain a wet blank by vacuum filtration; (4) Hot pressing: The wet blank is placed into a hot pressing mold and then put into a hot press machine for molding. The hot pressing temperature is 180 °C, the hot pressing time is 2 min, and the hot pressing pressure is 0.6 MPa to obtain a bamboo fiber molded lunch box that can be precisely quantified.

[0036] The results show that 10 450 mL bamboo fiber molded lunch boxes were prepared using the method of the present invention, and the product weight deviation was 0.59%.

[0037] Example 2 This embodiment further provides a method for forming a three-dimensional fiber product, comprising: (1) Slurry preparation: The unit mass of the bamboo fiber molded dining cup is designed to be 5 g. 5 kg of bamboo fiber dry pulp is dissociated according to the method of GB / T 29285. After the dissociation, the suspension is cooled to room temperature; the solid content of the suspension is 25wt%; (2) Installing the mold: Install the three-dimensional suction filtration molding mold for the dining cup on the suction filtration molding platform of the Kaiser molding machine; (3) Wet blank molding: pouring the bamboo fiber slurry obtained in step (1) into an air flow homogenization cylinder for air flow homogenization at room temperature, and passing through the three-dimensional filtration molding mold described in step (2) to obtain a wet blank by vacuum filtration; (4) Hot pressing: The wet blank is placed in a hot pressing mold and then put into a hot press machine for molding. The hot pressing temperature is 180 °C, the hot pressing time is 2 min, and the hot pressing pressure is 0.6 MPa to obtain a bamboo fiber molded dining cup that can be precisely quantified.

[0038] The results show that 20 200 mL bamboo fiber molded dining cups were prepared using the method of the present invention, and the product weight deviation was 0.42%.

[0039] Example 3 This embodiment further provides a method for forming a three-dimensional fiber product, comprising: (1) Pulp preparation: The unit mass of the bagasse molded lunch box is designed to be 11 g. 5 kg of bagasse dry pulp is dissociated according to the GB / T29285 method. After the dissociation, the suspension is cooled to room temperature; the solid content of the suspension is 25wt%; (2) Installing the mold: Install the three-dimensional filtration molding mold for the lunch box on the filtration molding platform of the Kaiser molding machine; (3) Wet blank forming: pouring the bagasse slurry obtained in step (1) into an air flow homogenization cylinder for air flow homogenization at room temperature, and passing through the three-dimensional filtration forming mold described in step (2) to obtain a wet blank by vacuum filtration; (4) Hot pressing: The wet blank is placed in a hot pressing mold and then put into a hot press machine for molding. The hot pressing temperature is 180 °C, the hot pressing time is 2 min, and the hot pressing pressure is 0.6 MPa. A bagasse molded lunch box with accurate quantification can be obtained.

[0040] The results show that 10 450 mL bagasse molded lunch boxes were prepared using the method of the present invention, and the product weight deviation was 0.53%.

[0041] Example 4 This embodiment further provides a method for forming a three-dimensional fiber product, which is different from Embodiment 1 only in that the solid content of the suspension is 5 wt %.

[0042] The results show that 20 200 mL bamboo fiber molded dining cups were prepared using the method of the present invention, and the product weight deviation was 1.03%.

[0043] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example further provides a method for forming a three-dimensional fiber product, comprising: (1) Slurry preparation: The unit mass of the bamboo fiber molded dining cup is designed to be 5 g. 5 kg of bamboo fiber dry pulp is dissociated according to the method of GB / T 29285. After the dissociation, the suspension is cooled to room temperature; the solid content of the suspension is 25wt%; (2) Installing the mold: Install the three-dimensional suction filtration molding mold of the dining cup on the suction filtration molding platform of the pulp molding machine; (3) Wet blank molding: pouring the bamboo fiber slurry into the pulp molding machine equipped with the three-dimensional suction filtration molding mold for dining cups described in step (2) at room temperature to prepare a wet blank; (4) Hot pressing: The wet blank was placed into a hot pressing mold and then put into a hot press machine for molding. The hot pressing temperature was 180 °C, the hot pressing time was 2 min, and the hot pressing pressure was 0.6 MPa to obtain a bamboo fiber molded dining cup.

[0044] Twenty 200 mL bamboo fiber molded dining cups were produced using a pulp molding machine, and the product weight deviation was ±1.15%.

[0045] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example further provides a method for forming a three-dimensional fiber product, comprising: (1) Slurry preparation: The unit mass of the bamboo fiber molded lunch box is designed to be 11 g. 5 kg of bamboo fiber dry pulp is dissociated according to the method of GB / T 29285. After the dissociation, the suspension is cooled to room temperature; the solid content of the suspension is 25wt%; (2) Installing the mold: Install the three-dimensional filtration molding mold of the lunch box on the filtration molding platform of the pulp molding machine; (3) Wet blank molding: pouring the bamboo fiber slurry into the pulp molding machine equipped with the three-dimensional suction filtration molding mold for the lunch box described in step (2) at room temperature to prepare a wet blank; (4) Hot pressing: The wet blank was placed into a hot pressing mold and then put into a hot press machine for molding. The hot pressing temperature was 180 °C, the hot pressing time was 2 min, and the hot pressing pressure was 0.6 MPa to obtain a bamboo fiber molded lunch box.

[0046] Ten 450 mL bamboo fiber molded lunch boxes were produced using a pulp molding machine, and the product weight deviation was ±2.08%.

[0047] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example further provides a method for forming a three-dimensional fiber product, comprising: (1) Slurry preparation: The unit mass of the bagasse molded lunch box is designed to be 10 g. 5 kg of bagasse dry pulp is dissociated according to the GB / T29285 method. After the dissociation, the suspension is cooled to room temperature; the solid content of the suspension is 25wt%; (2) Installing the mold: Install the three-dimensional filtration molding mold of the lunch box on the filtration molding platform of the pulp molding machine; (3) Wet blank molding: pouring the bamboo fiber slurry into the pulp molding machine equipped with the lunch box three-dimensional suction filtration molding mold described in step (2) at room temperature to prepare a wet blank; (4) Hot pressing: The wet blank is placed in a hot pressing mold and then put into a hot press machine for molding. The hot pressing temperature is 180 °C, the hot pressing time is 2 min, and the hot pressing pressure is 0.6 MPa to obtain a bagasse molded lunch box.

[0048] Ten 450 mL bagasse molded lunch boxes were produced using a pulp molding machine, and the product weight deviation was ±2.13%.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional fiber product forming machine, characterized in that: It includes a suction filtration molding unit, a hot pressing molding unit, an auxiliary unit and a control unit; the suction filtration molding unit is used to perform air flow homogenization on the fiber slurry and then vacuum filtration to achieve uniform and rapid dehydration and molding to form a three-dimensional wet blank; the hot pressing molding unit is used to perform hot pressing and drying molding on the wet blank to form a three-dimensional fiber product; the auxiliary unit is used to supply water and circulate and recover the filtered water; the control unit is used to realize automation, parameterization and intelligent control of the operation; Among them, the filtration molding unit includes an air flow homogenization cylinder, a three-dimensional filtration molding mold and a vacuum system; the three-dimensional filtration molding mold includes a filtration molding mold, a mold pressing net and a pressing frame; the air flow homogenization cylinder is used to perform air flow homogenization on the fiber slurry; the filtration molding mold wall has openings for drainage; the mold pressing net is placed in the filtration molding mold to prevent the fiber from losing through the openings on the filtration molding mold wall; the pressing frame is used to fix the mold pressing net in the filtration molding mold.

2. The three-dimensional fiber product forming machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot pressing forming mold comprises a hot pressing upper mold and a hot pressing lower mold, which are used for hot pressing and drying the wet blank to form a three-dimensional fiber product.

3. A method for forming a three-dimensional fiber product, characterized in that: include; S1: dissociating the fiber dry pulp to obtain a fiber suspension; S2: pouring the fiber suspension into the three-dimensional suction filtration forming mold in the three-dimensional fiber product forming machine according to claim 1 or 2 to obtain a wet blank; S3: hot pressing the wet blank.

4. The method for forming a three-dimensional fiber product according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S1, the solid content of the fiber suspension is 10wt%~90wt%; preferably, the solid content of the fiber suspension is 20wt%~30wt%.

5. The method for forming a three-dimensional fiber product according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: In S2, the temperature is controlled to be 20-30° C.; and / or the volume of the fiber suspension is 80%-90% of the volume of the air flow homogenization cylinder.

6. The method for forming a three-dimensional fiber product according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: In S3, the hot pressing temperature is 120~250°C, and the hot pressing pressure is 0.2~1.0 MPa.

7. The method for forming a three-dimensional fiber product according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: In S3, the hot pressing time is 1 to 5 min.

8. The method for forming a three-dimensional fiber product according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that: The fiber dry pulp includes one or more of plant fiber dry pulp, inorganic fiber dry pulp, organic non-plant fiber dry pulp and their recycled and modified fibers; the plant fiber includes one or more of wood fiber, bagasse, bamboo fiber, straw and cotton and linen; the inorganic fiber includes one or more of carbon fiber, mineral fiber and metal fiber; the organic non-plant fiber includes one or more of polymer fiber, silk and plush.

9. The method for forming a three-dimensional fiber product according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that: The fiber suspension also contains auxiliaries, which include one or more of waterproofing agent, oil-proofing agent, dry strength agent, wet strength agent, fiber dispersant, defoaming agent, inhibitor, degassing agent, dye, fluorescent brightener and filler.

10. The method for forming a three-dimensional fiber product according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that: In S1, the fiber dry pulp is dissociated and dispersed by the GB / T 29285 method, and cooled to room temperature to obtain a fiber suspension.

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