Device for intercepting and sucking blockages of open channel

Abstract

The invention provides a blockage intercepting and sucking device for an open channel, which comprises an intercepting module, a sucking device and a centrifugal pump, the intercepting module is positioned in the open channel, and an outlet of the intercepting module is connected with the centrifugal pump through the sucking device; the intercepting module comprises a net bag changing along with the liquid level and is used for intercepting impurities entering the centrifugal pump; at least one discontinuous inflection point is arranged in a flow channel of the suction device and used for forming a vortex or turbulent flow area. According to the invention, while operation is satisfied, damage and death of fishes, shrimps and the like are reduced, and blockage of impurities on the water surface is cleaned, so that the survival rate of marine organisms, freshwater organisms and the like flowing through the pump station is increased, and the cleaning efficiency of floating impurities on the water surface is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of open channel water pumps, and in particular to a device for intercepting and sucking blockages in an open channel. Background Art

[0002] With global warming, changes in the marine environment and the impact of extreme environments, outbreaks of marine and freshwater organisms have become the norm. To a certain extent, the ecological environment of the ocean and rivers has been damaged. A large number of marine and freshwater organisms can easily enter nuclear power plants and pumping stations through water intake tunnels, threatening the normal operation of the units. Manual cleaning is time-consuming and laborious, and requires mechanized, scientific and precise salvage.

[0003] The high-speed rotating impeller of a traditional vane pump can easily cause inevitable damage or even death to fish during operation. This not only hinders fish migration and migration, affecting the population and fish diversity, but also the floating dead fish on the water surface will pollute local waters, which is not conducive to fish protection and ecosystem stability. In the context of eco-friendliness and sustainable development, optimizing the structure of the overall device and components of open channel blocking, interception and suction to reduce fish damage, death and clean up debris has become a focus of common concern for government departments and corporate manufacturers.

[0004] In many industrial and engineering fields, interception and suction devices are often used for solid-liquid two-phase flow transmission, such as sewage treatment, mineral processing, marine biological transportation, etc. However, the flow characteristics of different particles in solid-liquid two-phase flow, such as size, density and shape, have certain complexity. Therefore, the transmission mechanism and control method of solid-liquid two-phase flow with different particle sizes and densities are explored, and the optimization design based on this is used to solve the problem of efficient transportation of marine and freshwater organisms. It has important theoretical significance and practical application value.

[0005] Domestic research on fish-friendly centrifugal pumps is still in its infancy. For example, the patented technology with publication number CN103452912A does not consider the optimization of the pump body when live fish pass through. In order to alleviate fish damage and death, the patented technology such as CN104613001A designs the impeller and guide vane inlet edge to alleviate fish damage, but it cannot prevent fish from entering the blade tip gap, making it difficult to effectively improve the survival rate of fish. In addition, for fish-friendly axial flow pumps and cross-flow pumps, such as patented technologies with publication numbers CN115076123B, CN104613001A, 105626573A, CN117552997A, etc., improvements are mainly made in the structure of flow components such as impellers to reduce damage to fish, but in the design of the flow channel, it is usually not designed for fish and large-sized debris like a spiral centrifugal pump, and is relatively more prone to blockage problems. Fish-friendly axial flow pumps generally guide fish through the impeller and guide vane hub shaft space by setting up a conical-shaped screen, but it is still difficult to prevent fish from slightly colliding with the internal components of the pump. Fish-friendly cross-flow pumps reduce losses by optimizing the hydraulic model, but it is difficult to achieve gentle transportation without fish touching the pump parts like a spiral centrifugal pump. Fish-friendly axial flow pumps are mainly suitable for low-head and high-flow occasions, such as irrigation, drainage, and dock drainage. Fish-friendly cross-flow pumps are mainly used in large-flow water diversion projects. The application scenarios of spiral centrifugal pumps are more diverse. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a device for intercepting and sucking blockages in open channels, which can reduce damage and death to fish, shrimps, etc. while meeting the operation requirements, and clear the blockage of debris on the water surface, so as to improve the survival rate of marine organisms, freshwater organisms, etc. when passing through the pump station and the cleaning efficiency of floating debris on the water surface. The present invention focuses on the biological blockage and debris cleaning problems faced by nuclear power plants and pump station water intake tunnels. The present invention combines net bags, import optimization, and pump body optimization to reduce damage and death to fish, shrimps, etc., while preventing blockage by debris. On the basis of meeting the water delivery function, the protection capacity for marine and freshwater organisms is improved, and the efficiency of handling debris is enhanced. Eco-friendliness and high efficiency energy saving are achieved during the operation of nuclear power plants, providing key support for the ecological development of nuclear power and water conservancy projects, and having great promotion prospects.

[0007] The present invention achieves the above technical objectives through the following technical means.

[0008] A device for intercepting and sucking blockages in an open channel, comprising an interception module, a suction device and a centrifugal pump, wherein the interception module is located in the open channel, and an outlet of the interception module is connected to the centrifugal pump via the suction device; the interception module comprises a net bag that changes with the liquid level and is used to intercept impurities entering the centrifugal pump; and the flow channel of the suction device is provided with at least one discontinuous inflection point for forming an eddy or turbulent area.

[0009] Furthermore, the net bag in the interception module is tapered, the tapered small end is connected to the suction device, the tapered small end is the outlet of the net bag, and the tapered large end is the inlet of the net bag; a buoy is installed above the net bag to keep the net bag suspended on the liquid surface.

[0010] Furthermore, the inlet diameter of the net bag is defined as L1; the range of the outlet diameter L2 of the net bag is: 0.5L1≤L2≤L1; the range of the upper side length L3 of the net bag is: L1≤L3≤1.2L1, and the range of the lower side length L4 of the net bag is: L1≤L4≤1.2L1; the range of the tapered angle θ1 of the net bag is: 30°≤θ1≤45°. The tapered inlet and outlet diameters can avoid the net bag being completely blocked due to fluctuations in water levels and accumulation of surface debris carried by water flow, which makes it easier to collect debris on the water surface and improves efficiency.

[0011] Furthermore, the suction device includes a front section of the water inlet pipe, a middle section of the water inlet pipe and a tail section of the water inlet pipe connected in sequence according to the flow direction; the front section of the water inlet pipe is connected to the interception module; a discontinuous inflection point is provided at the joint between the front section of the water inlet pipe and the middle section of the water inlet pipe, and the tail section of the water inlet pipe is connected to the inlet of the centrifugal pump; the tail section of the water inlet pipe is parallel to the water surface; and the middle section of the water inlet pipe is an arc-shaped pipe. A discontinuous inflection point is provided at the joint between the front section of the water inlet pipe and the middle section of the water inlet pipe instead of a smooth curve. First, the existence of the inflection point can change the direction of the water flow and form a specific flow path in the pipeline. It can better realize the collection and transportation of substances in the water flow. Secondly, the pipeline with an inflection point can form a certain vortex or turbulent flow area at the inflection point. These areas can increase the contact and entrainment of the water flow with surface debris, marine life, etc., so that more debris is drawn into the water flow and brought into the suction device, thereby improving efficiency. Finally, it is beneficial to structural stability, adding some support points or turning points, enhancing the overall rigidity of the pipeline, and not easily causing large bending or twisting due to factors such as water flow impact and external loads, thus ensuring the normal operation of the suction device.

[0012] Furthermore, the angle θ2 formed by the upper side of the front section of the water inlet pipe and the water surface is in the range of 30°≤θ2≤45°, which can deliver the intercepted and collected fish, shrimps, surface debris, etc. into the suction device and the subsequent pump body to play a certain thrust role, thereby improving the efficiency of the flow of marine organisms, freshwater organisms, etc. and the collection of surface debris, etc.; the angle formed by the lower side of the front section of the water inlet pipe and the water surface is greater than θ2, and the width L5 of the front section of the water inlet pipe is in the range of 0.25L1≤L5≤0.5L1; the width L7 of the tail section of the water inlet pipe is in the range of L5≤L7≤2L5, which facilitates the connection between the water outlet of the tail section of the water inlet pipe and the suction port of the fish-friendly spiral centrifugal pump; the middle section of the water inlet pipe is an arc pipe, and the radius R1 of the arc pipe is in the range of 5L7≤R1≤5L7; the length of the arc pipe The intercepted and collected fish, shrimps, surface debris, etc. are sent to the suction device and the subsequent pump body to play a certain thrust role, thereby improving the efficiency of collecting the passing of marine organisms, freshwater organisms, etc. and surface debris.

[0013] Furthermore, the centrifugal pump is a fish-friendly spiral centrifugal pump, the range of the impeller blade diameter D1 of the centrifugal pump is: 0.5L1≤D1≤0.6L1, the range of the impeller blade length L8 of the centrifugal pump is: length 0.25L1≤L8≤0.4L1; the range of the impeller width D2 of the centrifugal pump is: 0.8L1≤D2≤L1, which avoids mutual squeezing between fish and reduces damage; the range of the impeller angle θ3 of the centrifugal pump is: 90°≤θ3≤110°, which can protect organisms, reduce water flow impact, and maintain efficient water delivery. Within this range, on the one hand, it can ensure that the fluid obtains sufficient energy boost in the impeller, ensure the water delivery efficiency of the pump, and meet the water intake needs of nuclear power plants, pumping stations, etc.; on the other hand, the appropriate angle can guide the water flow to pass through the impeller smoothly, reduce water flow impact and turbulence, and reduce the risk of damage to fish, shrimps and other organisms caused by unstable water flow. This range can better meet the dual requirements of bio-friendliness and reliable operation in water intake scenarios such as nuclear power plants and pumping stations.

[0014] Furthermore, the range of the inlet diameter D3 of the suction section of the centrifugal pump is: 0.25L1≤D3≤0.4L1; the range of the outlet diameter D4 of the outlet section of the centrifugal pump is: 0.25L1≤D4≤0.4L1, which prevents fish, shrimps, surface debris, etc. from clogging the inlet, and the debris and fish flow out from the volute after passing through the spiral impeller from the water inlet.

[0015] Furthermore, in order to protect organisms and reduce the risk of water flow impact, the inlet angle and outlet angle θ4 of the centrifugal pump are in the range of 10°≤θ4≤30°. This design makes the transition of fluid entering and flowing out of the pump body smoother, effectively suppressing local pressure loss and eddy current caused by unreasonable inlet and outlet angles. From the perspective of ecological protection, a stable water flow state can prevent high-speed water flow impact from causing harm to organisms, especially when fish, shrimps and other organisms are close to the pump inlet and outlet areas, reducing the possibility of them being trapped or injured due to sudden changes in water flow. At the same time, the optimized inlet and outlet intersection angle helps to improve the hydraulic efficiency of the pump, reduce energy consumption, and meet energy-saving requirements, which is of great significance for long-term nuclear power plants, pumping stations and other facilities; the slope of the impeller hub of the centrifugal pump gradually changes from the impeller inlet to the impeller outlet, and the range of the slope K1 at the impeller hub inlet is: 0.05≤K1≤0.1, and the range of the slope K2 at the impeller hub outlet is: 0.15≤K1≤0.2; this gradual hub slope design fully considers the harm to organisms, optimizes the biological guidance path, and takes into account certain hydraulic performance. Through the special slope gradient, the water flow and biological movement are gently guided to reduce the generation of turbulence. It not only meets the strict requirements for biological protection in the water intake scenarios of nuclear power plants and pumping stations, but also ensures the stable operation of the pump, which is in sharp contrast to the hub slope design of general centrifugal pumps, and better adapts to complex and diverse actual working conditions.

[0016] The impeller rim slope of the centrifugal pump changes gradually from the impeller inlet to the outlet in the radial direction. The range of the slope K3 at the impeller rim inlet in the radial direction is: 0.02≤K3≤0.05; the range of the slope K4 at the impeller rim outlet in the radial direction is: 0.06≤K4≤0.08. This slope change is matched with the hub slope to fully optimize the flow field inside and around the impeller, which can not only efficiently guide the water flow to carry out the discharge of debris, but also effectively protect the organisms from harm. It is significantly different from the rim design of general spiral centrifugal pumps.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. The device for intercepting and sucking blockages in an open channel described in the present invention comprises an interception module, a suction device, and a fish-friendly spiral centrifugal pump. The periphery of the water-facing surface of the interception module is fixed in the water by a bracket. The water flows in from the water-facing surface of the interception module and flows to the tail of the interception module. The interception module gradually forms a contraction shape, with the smallest area at the tail, guiding the debris to flow naturally to the tail along the water flow and be concentrated. The suction device is connected to the tail of the interception module to suck out the intercepted debris. At least one non-continuous inflection point is provided in the flow channel of the suction device, so that a vortex or turbulent area can be formed, thereby increasing the contact and entrainment effect between the water flow and surface debris, marine life, etc.

[0019] 2. The device for intercepting and sucking out blockages in open channels described in the present invention has a tapered inlet and outlet diameter and a buoy installed above the net bag, which can effectively prevent the net bag from being completely blocked when facing complex situations such as water level fluctuations and water flow carrying a large amount of debris. For example, during the rainy season or flood period, the water level rises significantly, the water flow is turbulent and the debris increases. If the net bag does not have a suitable reserved height, it will be easily filled with debris in a short period of time, resulting in the inability of the water flow to pass normally, affecting the operation of the entire device. The design of the present invention can ensure that the device can continue to work stably under various water levels and water flow conditions, has a certain degree of adaptability, and ensures the continuity of the water intake and water delivery process.

[0020] 2. The device for intercepting and sucking blockages in open channels described in the present invention has a front section of a water inlet pipe that is tightly connected to the interception module and has a certain diversion design to suck water and push debris into the pump body; the concave design of the middle section of the water inlet pipe facilitates the flow of debris and fish and helps them enter the pump body; the tail section of the water inlet pipe is parallel to the water surface for easy connection with the pump body, which optimizes the overall transportation process of fish, shrimps, surface debris, etc., making their entry into the pump body more efficient.

[0021] 3. The device for intercepting and sucking blockages in open channels described in the present invention has a discontinuous inflection point instead of a smooth curve at the joint between the front section of the water inlet pipe and the middle section of the water inlet pipe. First, the existence of the inflection point can change the direction of the water flow, so that the water flow forms a specific flow path in the pipeline. It can better realize the collection and transportation of substances in the water flow. Secondly, the pipeline with inflection points can form certain eddy or turbulent areas at the inflection points. These areas can increase the contact and entrainment of the water flow with surface debris, marine life, etc., so that more debris is drawn into the water flow and brought into the suction device, improving efficiency. Finally, it is conducive to structural stability, adding some support points or turning points, enhancing the overall rigidity of the pipeline, and not easily causing large-scale bending or twisting due to factors such as water flow impact and external loads, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the suction device.

[0022] 4. The device for intercepting and sucking blockages in open channels described in the present invention, the centrifugal pump is a fish-friendly spiral centrifugal pump, the inlet edge of the impeller blades is swept forward along the impeller rotation direction and extended axially to form a streamlined shape, which effectively reduces damage and death to marine and river organisms, improves the ecological friendliness of the pump, and achieves optimal protection of the aquatic environment while satisfying the water delivery function and clearing debris, which is of great significance to maintaining ecological balance and promoting the ecological development of nuclear power and water conservancy projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, it is obvious that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the device for intercepting and sucking blockages in an open channel according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the interception module structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the suction device described in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the centrifugal pump described in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram of the impeller structure of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure:

[0030] 1-interception module; 1-1-net bag; 1-2-net bag fixing device; 1-3-buoy; 2-suction device; 2-1-front section of water inlet pipe; 2-2-middle section of water inlet pipe; 2-3-tail of water inlet pipe; 3-fish-friendly centrifugal pump; 3-1-impeller; 3-1-1-impeller hub; 3-1-2-impeller blades; 3-1-3-impeller rim; 3-1-4-inlet edge; 3-1-5-outlet edge; 3-1-6-blade leading edge; 3-1-7-blade trailing edge; 3-2-shaft; 3-3-space volute; 3-4-bracket; 3-5-pulley; 3-6-back plate; 3-7-long screw; 3-8-suction section; 3-9-fixed support; 3-10-outlet section; 4-motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "axial", "radial", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0033] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention includes an interception module 1, a suction device 2 and a centrifugal pump 3. The interception module 1 is located in an open channel, and the outlet of the interception module 1 is connected to the centrifugal pump 3 through the suction device 2. Specifically, the tail of the interception module 1 is connected to the water inlet end of the suction device 2, and the output end of the suction device 2 is connected to the suction section 3-8 of the centrifugal pump 3. After the water flows through the suction device 2, it flows from the suction section 3-8 of the centrifugal pump 3 into the pump body, and flows out from the outlet section 3-10 of the centrifugal pump 3. The interception module 1 includes a net bag 1-1 that changes with the liquid level and is used to intercept impurities entering the centrifugal pump 3; at least one discontinuous inflection point is provided in the flow channel of the suction device 2 to form a vortex or turbulent area, which can increase the contact and entrainment effect between the water flow and surface debris, marine life, etc.

[0035] like Figure 2As shown, the net bag 1-1 in the interception module 1 is tapered, the net bag 1-1 is fixed by a net bag fixing device 1-2, the tapered small end is connected to the suction device 2, the tapered small end is the outlet of the net bag 1-1, and the tapered large end is the inlet of the net bag 1-1; a buoy 1-3 is installed above the net bag 1-1 to make the net bag 1-1 float on the liquid surface. The inlet diameter of the net bag 1-1 is defined as L1; the range of the outlet diameter L2 of the net bag 1-1 is: 0.5L1≤L2≤L1; the upper length of the net bag 1-1 is L1≤L3≤1.2L1, the range of the tapered angle θ1 of the net bag 1-1 (i.e. the angle formed by the lower side of the net bag 1-1 and the water surface) is: 30°≤θ1≤45°, the lower length of the net bag 1-1 is L1≤L4≤1.2L1, the net bag 1-1 is fixed by the net bag fixing device 1-2, so that the water-facing surface is located in the water, the water flows in from the water-facing surface and flows to the tail, and the interception module is in a contracted shape, so that the debris is concentrated at the tail. The buoy 1-3 can prevent the net bag from being completely blocked due to the rise and fall of the water level and the accumulation of surface debris carried by the water flow. When there are many surface debris, it is convenient to collect and improve efficiency.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the suction device 2 includes a front section 2-1 of the water inlet pipe, a middle section 2-2 of the water inlet pipe and a tail section 2-3 of the water inlet pipe which are connected in sequence according to the flow direction; the front section 2-1 of the water inlet pipe is connected to the interception module 1; a non-continuous inflection point is provided at the joint between the front section 2-1 of the water inlet pipe and the middle section 2-2 of the water inlet pipe, and the tail section 2-3 of the water inlet pipe is connected to the suction section 3-8 of the centrifugal pump 3; the tail section 2-3 of the water inlet pipe is parallel to the water surface; the middle section 2-2 of the water inlet pipe is an arc-shaped pipe.

[0037] The inner side of the upper side surface of the front section 2-1 of the water inlet pipe close to the water surface plays the role of connecting the interception module 1 and the suction device 2 and guiding the suction water flow. The range of the angle θ2 formed by the upper side of the front section 2-1 of the water inlet pipe and the water surface is: 30°≤θ2≤45°; the angle formed by the lower side of the front section 2-1 of the water inlet pipe and the water surface is greater than θ2; the range of the width L5 of the front section 2-1 of the water inlet pipe is: 0.25L1≤L5≤0.5L1, which can deliver the intercepted and collected fish, shrimps, surface debris, etc. into the suction device 2 and the subsequent pump body to play a certain thrust role, thereby improving the efficiency of the flow of marine organisms, freshwater organisms, etc. and the collection of surface debris, etc. The width L7 of the water inlet pipe tail section 2-3 is in the range of L5≤L7≤2L5, which facilitates the connection between the water outlet of the water inlet pipe tail section 2-3 and the suction port of the centrifugal pump 3; the water inlet pipe middle section 2-2 is an arc pipe, and the radius R1 of the arc pipe is in the range of 5L7≤R1≤5L7; the length of the arc pipe Improve the efficiency of collecting marine life, freshwater organisms, etc. and surface debris.

[0038] The joint between the front section 2-1 of the water inlet pipe and the middle section 2-2 of the water inlet pipe is provided with a discontinuous inflection point instead of a smooth curve. Firstly, the existence of the inflection point can change the direction of the water flow, so that the water flow forms a specific flow path in the pipeline. It can better realize the collection and transportation of substances in the water flow. Secondly, the pipeline with an inflection point can form a certain eddy or turbulent area at the inflection point. These areas can increase the contact and entrainment of the water flow with surface debris, marine life, etc., so that more debris is drawn into the water flow and brought into the suction device, thereby improving efficiency. Finally, it is conducive to structural stability, adding some support points or turning points, enhancing the overall rigidity of the pipeline, and not easily causing large-scale bending or twisting due to factors such as water flow impact and external loads, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the suction device.

[0039] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the centrifugal pump 3 is a fish-friendly spiral centrifugal pump, and the centrifugal pump 3 includes an impeller 3-1, a shaft 3-2, a space volute 3-3, a bracket 3-4, a pulley 3-5, a back plate 3-6, a long screw 3-7, a suction section 3-8, a fixed base 3-9 and an outlet section 3-10. The impeller 3-1 is connected to the shaft 3-2 in a transmission manner, and the impeller 3-1 is located in the space volute 3-3. One end of the shaft 3-2 is connected to the motor 4 through the pulley 3-5, and the bracket 3-4 is used to support the housing; the housing is provided with a space volute 3-3, and the housing is provided with a suction section 3-8 and an outlet section 3-10. The housing, the bracket 3-4 and the motor 4 are installed on the fixed base 3-9.

[0040] The diameter D1 of the impeller blade 3-1-2 of the centrifugal pump 3 is in the range of 0.5L1≤D1≤0.6L1, the length L8 of the impeller blade 3-1-2 of the centrifugal pump 3 is in the range of 0.25L1≤L8≤0.4L1; the width D2 of the impeller 3-1 of the centrifugal pump 3 is in the range of 0.8L1≤D2≤L1; mutual squeezing between fish is avoided, thereby reducing damage.

[0041] In order to protect organisms, reduce water flow impact and maintain efficient water delivery, the range of the wrap angle θ3 of the impeller 3-1 of the centrifugal pump 3 is: 90°≤θ3≤110°. On the one hand, it can ensure that the fluid obtains sufficient energy boost in the impeller, ensure the water delivery efficiency of the pump, and meet the water intake needs of nuclear power plants, pumping stations, etc. On the other hand, the appropriate wrap angle can guide the water flow to pass through the impeller smoothly, reduce water flow impact and turbulence, and reduce the risk of damage to organisms such as fish and shrimps caused by unstable water flow. This range can better meet the dual requirements of bio-friendliness and reliable operation in water intake scenarios such as nuclear power plants and pumping stations.

[0042] The inlet diameter D3 of the suction section 3-8 of the centrifugal pump 3 is in the range of 0.25L1≤D3≤0.4L1; the outlet diameter D4 of the outlet section 3-10 of the centrifugal pump 3 is in the range of 0.25L1≤D4≤0.4L1, so as to prevent fish, shrimps, surface debris, etc. from being blocked at the inlet, and the debris and fish flow out from the volute after passing through the spiral impeller from the water inlet.

[0043] In order to protect organisms, reduce the risk of water flow impact, and take into account high efficiency and energy saving, the inlet angle and outlet angle θ4 of the centrifugal pump 3 are both in the range of: 10°≤θ4≤30°; such a design makes the transition of the fluid entering and flowing out of the pump body smoother, and effectively suppresses the local pressure loss and eddy current phenomenon caused by unreasonable inlet and outlet angles. From the perspective of ecological protection, a stable water flow state can avoid the damage to organisms caused by high-speed water flow impact, especially when fish, shrimps and other organisms are close to the inlet and outlet areas of the pump, reducing the possibility of them being trapped or injured due to sudden changes in water flow. At the same time, the optimized inlet and outlet angles help to improve the hydraulic efficiency of the pump, reduce energy consumption, and meet energy-saving needs, which is of great significance for long-term operating nuclear power plants, pumping stations and other facilities.

[0044] The slope of the impeller hub 3-1-1 of the centrifugal pump 3 changes gradually from the impeller inlet to the impeller outlet. The range of the slope K1 at the inlet of the impeller hub 3-1-1 is: 0.05≤K1≤0.1, and the range of the slope K2 at the outlet of the impeller hub 3-1-1 is: 0.15≤K1≤0.2; this gradual hub slope design fully considers the harm to organisms, optimizes the biological guidance path, and takes into account certain hydraulic performance. Through the special slope gradient, the water flow and biological movement are gently guided to reduce the generation of turbulence. It not only meets the strict requirements for biological protection in the water intake scenarios of nuclear power plants and pumping stations, but also ensures the stable operation of the pump. It is in sharp contrast to the hub slope design of general spiral centrifugal pumps, and better adapts to complex and diverse actual working conditions.

[0045] In the radial direction, from the impeller inlet to the outlet, the slope of the impeller rim 3-1-3 of the centrifugal pump 3 changes gradually. The range of the slope K3 at the inlet of the impeller rim 3-1-3 in the radial direction is: 0.02≤K3≤0.05; the range of the slope K4 at the outlet of the impeller rim 3-1-3 in the radial direction is: 0.06≤K4≤0.08, so that the outer contour fits the natural flow path of the water flow, and the friction resistance between the water flow and the rim is minimized while ensuring the structural strength. This slope change cooperates with the hub slope to fully optimize the flow field inside and around the impeller, which can not only efficiently guide the water flow to carry out the discharge of debris, but also effectively protect the organisms from harm. It is significantly different from the rim design of general spiral centrifugal pumps.

[0046] The centrifugal pump 3 includes at least one blade. Too many blades will increase the probability of the blades hitting the fish, thereby increasing the mortality rate of the fish; too few blades will not be able to ensure the flow state, thereby reducing the efficiency of the pump.

[0047] The other end of the centrifugal pump 3 is connected to the motor 4. The motor 4 is used as a power source. Its output shaft is connected to the driving wheel of the pulley 3-5. After the motor is started, the rotational motion is transmitted to the driving wheel through the shaft to make it rotate. The driving wheel drives the driven wheel to rotate by friction through the belt, and the pump shaft 3-2 is connected to the driven wheel. Finally, the rotational motion of the driven wheel is transmitted to the pump shaft 3-2, prompting the pump to start working. The pulley diameter can be designed as needed. Changing the ratio of the master and slave pulley diameters can adjust the pump speed. The driving wheel diameter is larger than the driven wheel diameter for speed-increasing transmission, and vice versa for speed-reducing transmission. Reasonable ratio can make the pump speed reach the best and ensure the coordinated work of the motor and the pump.

[0048] Compared with the traditional spiral centrifugal pump, the present invention makes innovative modifications on the water inlet flow channel, and optimizes the design of key parameters such as the impeller wrap angle, the inlet and outlet intersection angle, the hub slope, and the rim shape and slope. Through the net bag net, the inlet optimized pipeline, and the pump body optimization, the overall combination and innovation greatly improve the protection of marine and freshwater organisms on the basis of meeting the water delivery function, while enhancing the efficiency of handling debris. It provides a more reliable and eco-friendly suction solution for nuclear power plants, pumping stations and other fields. It is of great significance to maintain ecological balance and promote the ecological development of nuclear power and water conservancy projects.

[0049] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to various embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0050] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent embodiments or changes that do not deviate from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for intercepting and sucking blockages in an open channel, characterized in that: The invention comprises an interception module (1), a suction device (2) and a centrifugal pump (3); the interception module (1) is located in an open channel, and the outlet of the interception module (1) is connected to the centrifugal pump (3) through the suction device (2); the interception module (1) comprises a net bag (1-1) which changes with the liquid level and is used to intercept impurities entering the centrifugal pump (3); and the flow channel of the suction device (2) is provided with at least one discontinuous inflection point for forming a vortex or turbulent flow area.

2. The device for intercepting and sucking blockages in an open channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The net bag (1-1) in the interception module (1) is tapered, the tapered small end is connected to the suction device (2), the tapered small end is the outlet of the net bag (1-1), and the tapered large end is the inlet of the net bag (1-1); a buoy (1-3) is installed above the net bag (1-1) to suspend the net bag (1-1) on the liquid surface.

3. The device for intercepting and sucking blockages in an open channel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inlet diameter of the net bag (1-1) is defined as L1; the range of the outlet diameter L2 of the net bag (1-1) is: 0.5L1≤L2≤L1; the range of the upper side length L3 of the net bag is: L1≤L3≤1.2L1, and the range of the lower side length L4 of the net bag is: L1≤L4≤1.2L1; the range of the tapering angle θ1 of the net bag (1-1) is: 30°≤θ1≤45°.

4. The device for intercepting and sucking blockages in an open channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suction device (2) comprises a water inlet pipe front section (2-1), a water inlet pipe middle section (2-2) and a water inlet pipe tail section (2-3) which are connected in sequence according to the flow direction; the water inlet pipe front section (2-1) is connected to the interception module (1); a non-continuous inflection point is provided at the joint between the water inlet pipe front section (2-1) and the water inlet pipe middle section (2-2); the water inlet pipe tail section (2-3) is connected to the inlet of a centrifugal pump (3); the water inlet pipe tail section (2-3) is parallel to the water surface; and the water inlet pipe middle section (2-2) is an arc-shaped pipe.

5. The device for intercepting and sucking blockages in open channels according to claim 4, characterized in that: The range of the angle θ2 formed between the upper side of the front section (2-1) of the water inlet pipe and the water surface is: 30°≤θ2≤45°; the range of the angle formed between the lower side of the front section (2-1) of the water inlet pipe and the water surface is greater than θ2, the range of the width L5 of the front section (2-1) of the water inlet pipe is: 0.25L1≤L5≤0.5L1; the range of the width L7 of the rear section (2-3) of the water inlet pipe is: L5≤L7≤2L5; the middle section (2-2) of the water inlet pipe is a circular arc pipe, the range of the radius R1 of the circular arc pipe is: 5L7≤R1≤5L7; the length of the circular arc pipe 6. The device for intercepting and sucking blockages in an open channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centrifugal pump (3) is a fish-friendly spiral centrifugal pump. The diameter D1 of the impeller blades (3-1-2) of the centrifugal pump (3) is in the range of 0.5L1≤D1≤0.6L1, and the length L8 of the impeller blades (3-1-2) of the centrifugal pump (3) is in the range of 0.25L1≤L8≤0.4L1. The width D2 of the impeller (3-1) of the centrifugal pump (3) is in the range of 0.8L1≤D2≤L1. The wrap angle θ3 of the impeller (3-1) of the centrifugal pump (3) is in the range of 90°≤θ3≤110°.

7. The device for intercepting and sucking blockages in an open channel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inlet diameter D3 of the suction section (3-8) of the centrifugal pump (3) is in the range of 0.25L1≤D3≤0.4L1; the outlet diameter D4 of the outlet section (3-10) of the centrifugal pump (3) is in the range of 0.25L1≤D4≤0.4L1.

8. The device for intercepting and sucking blockages in an open channel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inlet angle and outlet angle θ4 of the centrifugal pump (3) are both in the range of 10°≤θ4≤30°; the slope of the impeller hub (3-1-1) of the centrifugal pump (3) changes gradually from the impeller inlet to the impeller outlet, the slope K1 at the inlet of the impeller hub (3-1-1) is in the range of 0.05≤K1≤0.1, and the slope K2 at the outlet of the impeller hub (3-1-1) is in the range of 0.15≤K1≤0.2; in the radial direction, the slope of the impeller rim (3-1-3) of the centrifugal pump (3) changes gradually from the impeller inlet to the outlet, the slope K3 at the inlet of the impeller rim (3-1-3) in the radial direction is in the range of 0.02≤K3≤0.05; and the slope K4 at the outlet of the impeller rim (3-1-3) in the radial direction is in the range of 0.06≤K4≤0.08.

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