A fish passage system applicable to low-head overflow dams and its operation method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fish protection in water conservancy projects, and in particular to a fish passing system suitable for a low-head overflow dam and an operation method thereof, comprising a lock chamber, an upper lock head and a lower lock head arranged at two ends of the lock chamber, gates being installed on the gate heads, and a diversion port being opened on the gates; a main rotating blade is fixedly arranged near the diversion port in the lock chamber, reciprocating components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main rotating blade, the reciprocating components include a rotating rod and a guide rod arranged in parallel, and the main rotating blade is connected to the rotating rods of the reciprocating components on both sides through a transmission component; a reciprocating plate is arranged on the rotating rod, the reciprocating plate is slidably sleeved on the guide rod, a rotatable flipping rod is arranged on the reciprocating plates opposite to each other on both sides, and a disturbance frame is fixed on the flipping rod; the flipping rod drives the disturbance frame to flip together, so that the disturbance frame is switched between a horizontal state and a vertical state; the water flow at the diversion port is subjected to power conversion, the reciprocating plate on the rotating rod is driven to reciprocate linearly, and the migratory fish is driven to move upward to the upstream waters by automatically flipping the disturbance frame.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fish protection in water conservancy projects, and in particular to a fish passing system suitable for a low-head overflow dam and an operation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Low head overflow dams are a commonly used type of small dam. They are usually installed and operated on smaller rivers. These dams operate at low heads, so fish can pass without the traditional pool weir fishway.

[0003] A Chinese patent document (publication number: CN 113174908 A) discloses a fishway, which includes an inlet section, a passing section and an outlet section, wherein a fish attracting lamp is arranged at the inlet section, and a fish fin-shaped imitation sound vibration device is arranged at the inlet section. The fishway of the present invention is based on the auditory and visual motion response characteristics of fish, and is simulated by a mechanical device, which significantly improves the fish attracting effect and fish passing efficiency of the fishway, and reduces the ecological impact caused by artificial dam construction.

[0004] In the prior art, for migratory fish to pass through the lock chamber, additional power needs to be provided to drive the disturbance frame to drive away the migratory fish. After the disturbance frame drives away the fish, the disturbance frame cannot avoid the migratory fish when moving in the reverse direction. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a fish passing system suitable for a low-head overflow dam and an operating method thereof, which converts the water flow at the diversion port into power, and the converted power drives the reciprocating plate on the rotating rod to move back and forth in a straight line, thereby driving the migratory fish to move upstream to the upstream waters through the automatically switched flip disturbance frame.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A fish passing system suitable for a low-head overflow dam comprises a lock chamber, and an upper lock head and a lower lock head arranged at both ends of the lock chamber, wherein the lock heads are both provided with gates, and the gates are provided with diversion ports; a main rotating blade is fixedly arranged near the diversion port in the lock chamber, and reciprocating components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main rotating blade, and the reciprocating components comprise a rotating rod and a guide rod arranged in parallel, and the main rotating blade is connected to the rotating rods of the reciprocating components on both sides through a transmission component; a reciprocating plate is arranged on the rotating rod, and the reciprocating plate is slidably sleeved on the guide rod, and a rotatable flip rod is arranged on the reciprocating plates opposite to each other on both sides, and a disturbance frame is fixedly arranged on the flip rod; the flip rod drives the disturbance frame to flip together, so that the disturbance frame can be switched between a horizontal state and a vertical state;

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, both ends of the flipping rod are connected to the reciprocating plate through bearings. A torsion spring is fixedly connected to the flipping rod, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the reciprocating plate. A gear is fixedly connected to the flipping rod through a one-way bearing, and a toothed plate is fixedly provided at the bottom of the gear. The number of teeth of the toothed plate is one-fourth of the number of teeth of the gear.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a swinging rod is fixedly provided on the flipping rod, and a retractable locking tongue is provided on the reciprocating plate. When the swinging rod rotates together with the flipping rod, the swinging rod presses against the locking tongue and then abuts against the locking tongue in the reverse direction. The locking tongue is connected to a reset assembly.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the reset assembly includes a chute opened on the reciprocating plate. A through hole is formed on the reciprocating plate adjacent to one side of the swinging rod. The head end of the locking tongue is slidably installed in the through hole. A first spring is fixedly installed at the tail end of the locking tongue, and the free end of the first spring is fixedly connected to a stop block on the reciprocating plate. Side U-shaped rods are fixedly connected to the upper and lower sides of the tail end of the locking tongue. Grooves are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the side U-shaped rods, and the grooves are fixedly connected to the reciprocating plate. A second spring is installed at the bottom of the groove, and a guide plate is slidably arranged in the groove. The guide plate abuts against the second spring, and a wedge block is fixedly provided on the guide plate. The inclined surface of the wedge block abuts against the inner wall of the side U-shaped rod. A pressing plate is fixedly provided on the end surface of the wedge block away from the side U-shaped rod.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a support frame is fixedly provided at the bottom of the gate chamber, and a main rotating blade is installed on the support frame. The transmission assembly includes a driving bevel gear on the output shaft of the main rotating blade. Driving bevel gears are symmetrically engaged on both sides of the driving bevel gear. The driven bevel gears are fixedly provided at the ends of the gear shafts. A first bevel gear is fixedly provided at the other end of the gear shaft, and the first bevel gear meshes with a second bevel gear. The second bevel gear is fixedly installed on the rotating rod.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a reciprocating structure is provided between the rotating rod and the reciprocating plate. The reciprocating structure is a double-thread reciprocating structure or a cylindrical cam reciprocating structure.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the output shaft of the main rotating blade, the gear shaft and the rotating rod are all installed at the bottom of the gate chamber through support rods, and the connections with the support rods are all connected by bearings.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a plurality of groups of reciprocating assemblies are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main rotating blade. The rotating rods between adjacent reciprocating assemblies are connected by couplings, and auxiliary rotating blades are fixedly installed between adjacent rotating rods.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, one-way bearings are installed on the auxiliary rotating blades.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention

[0017] A method for operating according to a fish passage system, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1. Close the gate of the upper lock head and open the gate of the lower lock head; let the water inside the lock chamber flow out through the gate of the lower lock head, and the downward flowing water will introduce migratory fish into the lock chamber, then close the gate of the lower lock head;

[0019] S2. Open the diversion port of the upper lock head gate to introduce the upstream water flow into the lock chamber; the water flow that descends through the diversion port into the lock chamber drives the main rotating blade to rotate. The output shaft of the main rotating blade drives the rotating rods on both sides to rotate through the power assembly, and the reciprocating plate performs reciprocating linear motion on the rotating rods; the gears on the flipping rods engage and rotate on the toothed plates, and the disturbance frames and swing rods on the flipping rods rotate together. The disturbance frames rotate from the horizontal state to the vertical state, and the swing rods rotate to the position locked by the locking tongues. At this time, the reciprocating plate drives the vertical disturbance frames to move towards the upper lock head gate to drive away the migratory fish, so that the migratory fish enter the upstream water area through the diversion port; during the movement, when the pressing plate on the reciprocating plate collides with the adjacent support rod, the pressing plate drives the wedge block to extend into the side U-shaped rod, and the wedge block presses the inner wall of the side U-shaped rod, causing the side U-shaped rod and the locking tongue to move away from the swing rod together, and the locking tongue releases the limit on the swing rod; under the action of the torsion spring, the flipping rod drives the disturbance frame to rotate back to its original position, so that the disturbance frame rotates to the horizontal position to avoid interfering with the migratory fish during the movement towards the lower lock head direction;

[0020] S3. When the height difference between the water level inside the lock chamber and the upstream water area is reduced by 4 / 5, open the upper lock head gate to allow the upstream water flow to fully enter the lock chamber, and the migratory fish inside the lock chamber swim upstream;

[0021] S4. Close the upper lock head gate and the diversion port, open the gate of the lower lock head, release the water flow inside the lock chamber, attract new migratory fish to enter the lock chamber for the next cycle of operation, and help the migratory fish swim upstream.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The present invention opens a diversion port on the gate. During the process of leveling the water inside the lock chamber, after the water flows into the lock chamber through the diversion port, the gate is opened, avoiding opening the gate under a large pressure difference, avoiding the need to equip a large-power power device and consuming a large amount of energy, saving resources; the power of the water flowing out of the diversion port is converted through the rotating blades, and the converted power continuously drives the migratory fish to the upstream water area, saving energy and improving the efficiency of the migratory fish swimming upstream.

[0024] In the present invention, when the upstream gate performs a water-level equalization operation, the water flow upstream impacts the main rotating blades. The main rotating blades drive the rotating rods on both sides to rotate through a transmission component. The rotating rods drive the reciprocating plate to perform a reciprocating linear motion on the rotating rods. The disturbance frame provided on the reciprocating plate flips together with the flipping rod. When the reciprocating plate moves towards the upstream gate, the disturbance frame is in a vertical state to drive the migratory fish away, causing the migratory fish to swim upstream into the upstream water area. When the reciprocating plate moves towards the downstream gate, the disturbance frame is in a horizontal state to avoid interfering with the upstream movement of the migratory fish. The disturbance frame realizes automatic state switching along with the moving direction by the power provided by the water flow, without the need to provide an additional power device and without manual operation, saving manpower and financial resources.

[0025] 2. When the reciprocating plate of the present invention is in the initial state (the reciprocating plate moves towards the upstream gate), the gear on the flipping rod meshes and rotates on the toothed plate, and the swing rod on the flipping rod rotates accordingly until the swing rod presses against the locking tongue and then reversely abuts against the locking tongue to form a stable state. The trajectory formed when the swing rod rotates to the position of the locking tongue forms an angle of 90 degrees, ensuring that the disturbance frame completes a 90-degree flip from the horizontal state to the vertical state. In the present invention, the locking tongue of the reset component is normally located outside the through hole. When the side U-shaped rod is driven by an external force, the side U-shaped rod drives the locking tongue to retract into the through hole. After the external force is removed, it resets under the action of the first spring and the locking tongue extends. The guide plate slides in the groove body, and the inclined surface of the wedge block abuts against the inner wall of the side U-shaped rod. When the reciprocating plate moves towards the upstream gate and the pressing plate contacts and collides with the adjacent support rod, the pressing plate drives the wedge block to squeeze towards the inner wall of the side U-shaped rod, causing the side U-shaped rod and the locking tongue to move away from the swing rod together, releasing the limit on the swing rod. Under the action of the torsion spring, the flipping rod rotates back to the initial position, driving the disturbance frame to rotate from the vertical state to the horizontal state. After the reciprocating plate moves to the initial position, it enters the next operation, continuously driving the migratory fish to swim upstream.

[0026] During the operation of the reciprocating plate of the present invention, it realizes the automatic flipping and horizontal conversion of the disturbance frame, saving manpower and equipment costs. Both the wedge block and the side U-shaped rod are provided on the reciprocating plate, and their positions are relatively fixed, ensuring that there is no deviation when the wedge block of the reset component extends into the side U-shaped rod, and performing stable reset. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the lock chamber of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a partial structure inside the lock chamber of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission component of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of the reciprocating component of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 Schematic three-dimensional view of the disassembly structure of the reset component of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 6 Schematic three-dimensional view of the disassembly structure of the reset component of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0033] In the figure: lock chamber - 10; upper lock head - 11; lower lock head - 12; gate - 13; diversion port - 14; main rotating blade - 15; support rod - 16; rotating rod - 17; guide rod - 18; auxiliary rotating blade - 19; disturbance frame - 21; support frame - 22; driving bevel gear - 23; driven bevel gear - 24; first bevel gear - 25; second bevel gear - 26; coupling - 27; reciprocating plate - 28; turning rod - 29; gear - 30; one-way bearing - 31; torsion spring - 32; swing rod - 33; toothed plate - 34; locking tongue - 35; first spring - 36; side U-shaped rod - 37; groove body - 38; second spring - 39; pressing plate - 40; guide plate - 41; wedge block - 42; stop block - 43; groove body - 44; through hole - 45. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] Next, in combination with the implementation manners of the present invention, the technical solutions in the implementation manners of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described implementation manners are only a part of the implementation manners of the present invention, rather than all the implementation manners.

[0035] Contents not detailedly described in this specification belong to the prior art well-known to those skilled in the art. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. is the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, terms such as "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] Figures 1-6As shown in the figure, a fish passing system suitable for a low-head overflow dam comprises a lock chamber 10, and an upper lock head 11 and a lower lock head 12 arranged at both ends of the lock chamber 10, a gate 13 is installed on each of the upper lock head 11 and the lower lock head 12, and a diversion port 14 is opened on the gate 13; a main rotating blade 15 is fixedly arranged near the diversion port 14 inside the lock chamber 10, and reciprocating components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main rotating blade 15, and the reciprocating components include a rotating rod 17 and a guide rod 18 arranged in parallel, and the main rotating blade 15 is connected to the rotating rod 17 of the reciprocating components on both sides through a transmission assembly; a reciprocating plate 28 is arranged on the rotating rod 17, and the reciprocating plate 28 is slidably sleeved on the guide rod 18, and a rotatable flip rod 29 is arranged on the reciprocating plates 28 opposite to each other on both sides, and a disturbance frame 21 is fixed on the flip rod 29; the flip rod 29 drives the disturbance frame 21 to flip together, so that the disturbance frame 21 is switched between a horizontal state and a vertical state.

[0037] In the present invention, migratory fishes pass through the lock chamber 10 from the downstream water area to raise the water level before entering the upstream water area; the downstream gate is opened to attract the migratory fishes into the lock chamber 10, the downstream gate is closed, and then the upstream gate is opened to perform water leveling operation, the upstream gate is opened to drive the migratory fishes upstream, and then the upstream gate is closed; the water in the lock chamber is then discharged to the downstream to attract new migratory fishes to enter the lock chamber, and the next water leveling and fish driving operation is performed; the above operation is repeated to help the migratory fishes to move upward.

[0038] The present invention opens a diversion port 14 on the gate 13. In the process of leveling the water inside the lock chamber, the gate is opened after the water flows into the lock chamber through the diversion port 14, so as to avoid opening the gate under the condition of a large pressure difference, avoid equipping a large-power power device and consuming more energy, and save resources; the water flowing out of the diversion port 14 is converted into power through rotating blades, so as to continuously drive the migratory fish to the upstream waters, save energy, and improve the efficiency of the migratory fish in ascending.

[0039] In the present invention, when the upstream gate is in water leveling operation, the upstream water flow impacts the main rotating blade 15, and the main rotating blade 15 drives the rotating rods 17 on both sides to rotate through the transmission assembly, and the rotating rods 17 drive the reciprocating plate 28 to realize reciprocating linear motion on the rotating rods 17, and the disturbance frame 21 arranged on the reciprocating plate 28 turns over together with the turning rod 29; when the reciprocating plate 28 moves toward the upstream gate, the disturbance frame 21 is in a vertical state, driving the migratory fish to enter the upstream waters; when the reciprocating plate 28 moves toward the downstream gate, the disturbance frame 21 is in a horizontal state, avoiding interference with the migratory fish's upward movement; the disturbance frame 21 realizes automatic switching of states along the moving direction, without the need to provide a power device or manual operation, thus saving manpower and financial resources.

[0040] Among them, the opening and closing of the gate 13 and the diversion port 14 are the same as the principles of the gate of the dam ship lock, which are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0041] Further, both ends of the flipping rod 29 are connected to the reciprocating plate 28 through bearings. A torsion spring 32 is fixedly connected to the flipping rod 29, and the other end of the torsion spring 32 is fixedly connected to the reciprocating plate 28. A gear 30 is fixedly connected to the flipping rod 29 through a one-way bearing 31. A toothed plate 34 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the gear 30, and the number of teeth of the toothed plate 34 is one-fourth of the number of teeth of the gear. Further still, a swing rod 33 is fixedly provided on the flipping rod 29, and a retractable locking tongue 35 is provided on the reciprocating plate 28. When the swing rod 33 rotates together with the flipping rod 29, the swing rod 33 presses against the locking tongue 35 and then abuts against the locking tongue 35 in the reverse direction, and the locking tongue 35 is connected to a reset assembly.

[0042] Figure 4 As shown in, when the gear 30 on the flipping rod 29 meshes and rotates on the toothed plate 34, the swing rod 33 on the flipping rod 29 rotates accordingly until the swing rod 33 presses against the locking tongue 35 and then abuts against the locking tongue 35 in the reverse direction to form a stable state. Among them, the trajectory formed when the swing rod 33 rotates to the position of the locking tongue 35 forms an angle of 90 degrees, ensuring that the disturbance frame 21 completes a 90-degree flip from the horizontal state to the vertical state. By the gear 30 meshing and rotating on the toothed plate 34, the flipping rod 29 rotates accordingly. When the flipping rod 29 rotates 90 degrees, the gear 30 also rotates 90 degrees. The number of teeth of the toothed plate 34 is set to one-fourth of the number of teeth of the gear 30, so that when the swing rod 33 rotates to the locking position of the locking tongue 35, the gear 30 no longer meshes and rotates with the toothed plate 34, and the gear 30 does not rotate.

[0043] The torsion spring 32 is fixedly connected to the flipping rod 29 and the reciprocating plate 28. The torsion spring 32 limits the flipping rod 29. When the locking tongue 35 is released from the limit, under the action of the torsion spring 32, the flipping rod 29 rotates in the reverse direction and returns to the initial position, rotating the disturbance frame 21 to the horizontal position.

[0044] Among them, the gear 30 is connected to the flipping rod 29 through a one-way bearing 31. When the reciprocating plate 28 moves towards the upstream gate, the one-way bearing 31 is locked unidirectionally, causing the flipping rod 29 and the gear 30 to rotate together. When the reciprocating plate 28 moves towards the downstream gate, the one-way bearing 31 idles. At this time, the gear 30 rotates and the flipping rod 29 does not move.

[0045] Further, the reset assembly includes a chute 44 formed in the reciprocating plate 28. A through hole 45 is formed in the reciprocating plate 28 adjacent to one side of the swing rod 33. The head end of the locking tongue 35 is slidably installed in the through hole 45. A first spring 36 is fixedly installed at the tail end of the locking tongue 35, and the free end of the first spring 36 is fixedly connected to a stop block 43 on the reciprocating plate 28. The upper and lower sides of the tail end of the locking tongue 35 are fixedly connected to a side U-shaped rod 37. Grooves 38 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the side U-shaped rod 37, and the grooves 38 are fixedly connected to the reciprocating plate 28. A second spring 39 is installed at the inner bottom of the groove 38. A guide plate 41 is slidably arranged in the groove 38. The guide plate 41 abuts against the second spring 39. A wedge block 42 is fixedly arranged on the guide plate 41, and the inclined surface of the wedge block 42 abuts against the inner wall of the side U-shaped rod 37. A pressing plate 40 is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the wedge block 42 away from the side U-shaped rod 37.

[0046] Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown in ,

[0046] , and Figure 5 , the locking tongue 35 is fixedly connected to the side U-shaped rod 37. The locking tongue 35 is slidably installed in the through hole 45. When the locking tongue 35 slides, the side U-shaped rod 37 slides together with the locking tongue 35. The stop block 43 is fixedly connected to the chute 44 of the reciprocating plate 28. The side U-shaped rod 37 is sleeved on the stop block 43. A first spring 36 is fixedly installed at the tail end of the locking tongue 35, and the other end of the first spring 36 is fixedly connected to the stop block 43 on the reciprocating plate 28. Under normal conditions, the locking tongue 35 is located outside the through hole 45. When the side U-shaped rod 37 is driven by an external force, the side U-shaped rod 37 drives the locking tongue 35 to retract into the through hole 45. After the external force is removed, it resets under the action of the first spring 36.

[0047] The guide plate 41 slides in the groove 38, and a second spring 39 is arranged at the bottom. The second spring 39 is a reset spring. The inclined surface of the wedge block 42 abuts against the inner wall of the side U-shaped rod 37. A pressing plate 40 is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the wedge block 42 away from the side U-shaped rod 37. When the reciprocating plate 28 moves towards the upstream gate and the pressing plate 40 contacts and collides with the adjacent support rod 16, the pressing plate 40 drives the wedge block 42 to squeeze towards the inner wall of the side U-shaped rod 37, causing the side U-shaped rod 37 and the locking tongue 35 to move away from the swing rod 33 together, releasing the limit on the swing rod 33.

[0048] During the operation of the reciprocating plate 28, the automatic flipping and horizontal conversion of the disturbance frame 21 are realized, saving labor and equipment costs.

[0049] A limiting member (not shown in the figure) is arranged outside the chute 44, which is beneficial to the integrity of the structure. In order to facilitate viewing the internal structure of the attached drawings, the limiting member is omitted in the present invention.

[0050] Further, a support frame 22 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the lock chamber 10, and a main rotating blade 15 is installed on the support frame 22; the transmission assembly includes a driving bevel gear 23 on the output shaft of the main rotating blade 15, and driven bevel gears 24 are symmetrically engaged on both sides of the driving bevel gear 23. The driven bevel gears 24 are fixedly provided at the ends of the gear shafts, and a first bevel gear 25 is fixedly provided at the other end of the gear shaft. The first bevel gear 25 is engaged with a second bevel gear 26; the second bevel gear 26 is fixedly installed on the rotating rod 17.

[0051] Figure 3 As shown in , when the water flow of the upstream gate impacts the main rotating blade 15, the driving bevel gear 23 on the output shaft of the main rotating blade 15 drives the driven bevel gears 24 on both sides to rotate. The driven bevel gears 24 transmit power through the first bevel gear 25 at the end of the gear shaft and engage with the second bevel gear 26 on the rotating rod 17; through the connection and cooperation of the transmission assembly, the power generated by the main rotating blade 15 is transmitted to the rotating rods 17 on both sides, and the rotating directions of the rotating rods 17 on both sides are the same. When bearing the water flow impact, the rotating directions of the main rotating blade 15 and the auxiliary rotating blades 19 on both sides are the same, making full use of the kinetic energy generated by the water flow to provide stable power for the rotating rods 17; enabling the reciprocating plate 28 and the disturbance frame 21 to move together to drive the migratory fish and make the migratory fish enter the upstream water area.

[0052] Further, a reciprocating structure is provided between the rotating rod 17 and the reciprocating plate 28, and the reciprocating structure is a double-thread reciprocating structure (not shown in the figure) or a cylindrical cam reciprocating structure (not shown in the figure).

[0053] The double-thread reciprocating structure generally refers to a screw mechanism composed of two screw pairs, also known as a double-screw pair mechanism. In the double-screw mechanism, the combined screw is formed by combining two screws with different pitches or helix directions into one body, and is respectively matched with a movable nut and a fixed nut to form two screw pairs. When the screw rotates, the screw has a linear motion relative to the fixed nut, and the movable nut has a linear motion relative to the screw. Finally, it is reflected as the motion of the movable nut relative to the frame, forming a motion synthesis relationship. The double-thread reciprocating structure realizes reciprocating motion through the synthesis of the rotation and linear motion of the screw pair;

[0054] The cylindrical cam reciprocating mechanism is a mechanism that uses the relative motion between the cylindrical cam and the follower to realize reciprocating motion. During the rotation of the cylindrical cam, its contour shape pushes the follower (such as a roller, a slider, etc.) to make a reciprocating motion along a certain trajectory. It has the advantages of compact structure, reliable motion, stable transmission performance, and long service life. The cylindrical cam reciprocating structure realizes the reciprocating motion of the follower by the rotation of the cylindrical cam.

[0055] Both the double-thread reciprocating structure and the cylindrical cam reciprocating structure are prior arts and will not be elaborated in detail.

[0056] The reciprocating plate 28 performs a reciprocating linear motion on the rotating rod 17, and the starting point and the ending point of the motion trajectory of the reciprocating plate 28 are located between two adjacent support rods 16; wherein, both the starting point and the ending point are turning points of the reciprocating linear motion.

[0057] The starting point is located at the position between the support rod 16 and the adjacent toothed plate 34, and the ending point is located near the support rod 16 on the side far from the toothed plate 34; the ending point is close to the support rod 16, ensuring that after the pressing plate 40 of the reset assembly contacts and collides with the support rod 16, it immediately turns back for motion.

[0058] Figure 2 As shown in the figure, when the rotating rod 17 rotates, the reciprocating plate 28 slides on the guide rod 18 and realizes the reciprocating linear motion through a double-thread reciprocating structure or a cylindrical cam reciprocating structure.

[0059] Furthermore, the output shaft of the main rotating blade 15, the gear shaft and the rotating rod 17 are all installed at the bottom of the gate chamber 10 through the support rod 16, and the connection parts with the support rod 16 all adopt bearing connections.

[0060] Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the support rod 16 plays a role in supporting and stabilizing the output shaft of the main rotating blade 15, the gear shaft and the rotating rod 17, and the bearing is adopted at the connection part to enhance the flexibility of rotation; the support rod 16 collides and contacts with the pressing plate 40 moving towards each other, the pressing plate 40 drives the wedge block 42 to displace together, the wedge block 42 squeezes the side U-shaped rod 37, making the side U-shaped rod 37 move away from the swing rod 33, and making the locking tongue 35 disengage from the swing rod 33, realizing the reset of the reset assembly.

[0061] Further, a plurality of groups of reciprocating assemblies are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main rotating blade 15, and the rotating rods 17 of adjacent reciprocating assemblies are connected through a coupling 27, and a sub-rotating blade 19 is fixedly installed between adjacent rotating rods 17.

[0062] Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the rotating rod 17 is arranged in a segmented and series-connected manner to avoid deformation of the rotating rod 17 caused by long-distance setting, which affects the reciprocating linear motion of the reciprocating plate 28; the rotating rod 17 is provided with multiple segments, and a sub-rotating blade 19 is additionally arranged at the connection part to enhance the power and make the rotating rod 17 rotate continuously and stably.

[0063] Further, a one-way bearing is installed on the sub-rotating blade 19.

[0064] A one-way bearing is arranged at the connection part between the sub-rotating blade 19 and the rotating rod 17. When the sub-rotating blade 19 is locked, the direction of the sub-rotating blade 19 rotating together with the rotating rod 17 is the same as the rotation direction of the main rotating blade 15 to strengthen the main power; on the contrary, the one-way bearing idles to avoid the reverse rotation of the sub-rotating blade 19 or the obstruction to the main power.

[0065] The main body of the disturbance frame 21 adopts a streamlined shape; the surface of the streamlined shape is smooth and the shape gradually changes without sharp turns or protrusions. This shape can guide the water flow to flow smoothly over the surface of the object, reduce the formation of eddies and turbulence, and thus significantly reduce the resistance.

[0066] A method for operating according to a fish passage system, comprising the following steps:

[0067] S1. Close the gate of the upper lock head 11 and open the gate of the lower lock head 12; let the water inside the lock chamber 10 flow out through the gate of the lower lock head 12, and the downstream water flow will introduce migratory fish into the lock chamber 10, and then close the gate of the lower lock head 12;

[0068] S2. Open the diversion port 14 of the gate of the upper lock head 11 and introduce the upstream water flow into the lock chamber 10; the water flow descending through the diversion port 14 into the lock chamber 10 drives the main rotating blade 15 to rotate, the output shaft of the main rotating blade 15 drives the rotating rods 17 on both sides through the power assembly to rotate, and the reciprocating plate 28 performs a reciprocating linear motion on the rotating rod 17; the gear 30 on the turning rod 29 meshes and rotates on the toothed plate 34, the disturbance frame 21 and the swing rod 33 on the turning rod 29 rotate together, the disturbance frame 21 rotates from the horizontal state to the vertical state, and the swing rod 33 rotates to the position locked by the locking tongue 35. At this time, the reciprocating plate 28 drives the vertical disturbance frame 21 to move towards the gate of the upper lock head 11 to drive away the migratory fish, so that the migratory fish enter the upstream water area from the diversion port 14; during the movement, when the pressing plate 40 on the reciprocating plate 28 collides with the adjacent support rod 16, the pressing plate 40 drives the wedge-shaped block 42 to extend into the side U-shaped rod 37, and the wedge-shaped block 42 presses the inner wall of the side U-shaped rod 37, so that the side U-shaped rod 37 and the locking tongue 35 move away from the swing rod 33 together, and the locking tongue 35 releases the limit on the swing rod 33; under the action of the torsion spring 32, the turning rod 29 drives the disturbance frame 21 to rotate back to its original position, so that the disturbance frame 21 rotates to the horizontal position to avoid disturbing the migratory fish during the movement towards the lower lock head 12;

[0069] S3. When the height difference between the water level inside the lock chamber 10 and the upstream water area is reduced by 4 / 5, open the gate of the upper lock head 11 to allow the upstream water flow to fully enter the lock chamber 10, and the migratory fish inside the lock chamber 10 move upstream;

[0070] S4. Close the gate of the upper lock head 11 and the diversion port 14, open the gate of the lower lock head 12, release the water flow inside the lock chamber 10, attract new migratory fish to enter the lock chamber 10 for the next cycle of operation to help the migratory fish move upstream.

[0071] The present invention illustrates the technical concept of the present invention through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above embodiments to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that the relevant improvements to the present invention fall within the protection scope and the disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fish passing system suitable for a low-head overflow dam, comprising a lock chamber (10), and an upper lock head (11) and a lower lock head (12) arranged at both ends of the lock chamber (10), wherein a gate (13) is installed on each of the lock heads (11, 12), characterized in that: The gate (13) is provided with a flow guide port (14); a main rotating blade (15) is fixedly provided inside the gate chamber (10) near the flow guide port (14); reciprocating components are symmetrically provided on both sides of the main rotating blade (15); the reciprocating components include a rotating rod (17) and a guide rod (18) arranged in parallel; the main rotating blade (15) is connected to the rotating rods (17) of the reciprocating components on both sides through a transmission component; a reciprocating plate (28) is provided on the rotating rod (17); the reciprocating plate (28) is slidably sleeved on the guide rod (18); A rotatable flip rod (29) is provided on the reciprocating plates (28) opposite to each other at both sides, and a disturbance frame (21) is fixedly provided on the flip rod (29); the flip rod (29) drives the disturbance frame (21) to flip together, so that the disturbance frame (21) switches between a horizontal state and a vertical state; both ends of the flip rod (29) are connected to the reciprocating plates (28) via bearings, a torsion spring (32) is fixedly connected to the flip rod (29), and the other end of the torsion spring (32) is fixedly connected to the reciprocating plates (28); the flip rod (29) is connected to the reciprocating plates (28) via a bearing. The one-way bearing (31) is fixedly connected to the gear (30), and a tooth plate (34) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the gear (30), and the number of plate teeth of the tooth plate (34) is one-fourth of the number of teeth of the gear; a swing rod (33) is fixedly provided on the flip rod (29), and a retractable lock tongue (35) is provided on the reciprocating plate (28). When the swing rod (33) rotates together with the flip rod (29), the swing rod (33) squeezes the lock tongue (35) and then abuts against the lock tongue (35) in the reverse direction, and the lock tongue (35) is connected to the reset component; the gate chamber (1 0) A support frame (22) is fixedly arranged at the bottom, and a main rotating blade (15) is installed on the support frame (22); the transmission assembly comprises an active bevel gear (23) on the output shaft of the main rotating blade (15), two sides of the active bevel gear (23) are symmetrically meshed with driven bevel gears (24), the driven bevel gear (24) is fixedly arranged at the end of the gear shaft, and a first bevel gear (25) is fixedly arranged at the other end of the gear shaft, and the first bevel gear (25) is meshed with a second bevel gear (26); the second bevel gear (26) is fixedly mounted on the rotating rod (17).

2. The fish passing system suitable for low head overflow dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reset assembly comprises a slide groove (44) formed on the reciprocating plate (28), the slide groove (44) and the reciprocating plate (28) adjacent to the side of the swing rod (33) form a through hole (45), the head end of the lock tongue (35) is slidably installed in the through hole (45); the tail end of the lock tongue (35) is fixedly installed with a first spring (36), the free end of the first spring (36) is fixedly connected to the stopper (43) on the reciprocating plate (28); the upper and lower sides of the tail end of the lock tongue (35) are fixedly connected to the side U-shaped rod (37 ), grooves (38) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the side U-shaped rod (37), and the grooves (38) are fixedly connected to the reciprocating plate (28); a second spring (39) is installed at the bottom of the groove (38), a guide plate (41) is slidably arranged in the groove (38), the guide plate (41) abuts against the second spring (39), a wedge block (42) is fixedly arranged on the guide plate (41), and the inclined surface of the wedge block (42) abuts against the inner wall of the side U-shaped rod (37); a pressure plate (40) is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the wedge block (42) away from the side U-shaped rod (37).

3. The fish passing system suitable for low head overflow dam according to claim 2, characterized in that: A reciprocating structure is provided between the rotating rod (17) and the reciprocating plate (28), and the reciprocating structure is a double-thread reciprocating structure or a cylindrical cam reciprocating structure.

4. The fish passing system suitable for low head overflow dam according to claim 2, characterized in that: The output shaft of the main rotating blade (15), the gear shaft and the rotating rod (17) are all mounted on the bottom of the gate chamber (10) via a support rod (16), and the connection points with the support rod (16) are all connected by bearings.

5. The fish passing system suitable for low head overflow dam according to claim 2, characterized in that: Arrays of reciprocating assemblies are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main rotating blade (15); the rotating rods (17) of adjacent reciprocating assemblies are connected via couplings (27); and auxiliary rotating blades (19) are fixedly mounted between adjacent rotating rods (17).

6. The fish passing system suitable for low head overflow dam according to claim 5, characterized in that: A one-way bearing is mounted on the auxiliary rotating blade (19).

7. A method for operating a fish passing system according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, closing the gate of the upper gate head (11), opening the gate of the lower gate head (12); allowing the water inside the lock chamber (10) to flow out through the gate of the lower gate head (12), and the downward water flow will lead the migratory fish into the lock chamber (10), and then closing the gate of the lower gate head (12); S2. Open the diversion port (14) of the gate of the upper gate head (11) to guide the upstream water flow into the gate chamber (10); the water flow that flows downward into the gate chamber (10) through the diversion port (14) drives the main rotating blade (15) to rotate, and the output shaft of the main rotating blade (15) drives the rotating rods (17) on both sides to rotate through the power assembly, and the reciprocating plate (28) performs reciprocating linear motion on the rotating rod (17); the gear (30) on the flip rod (29) meshes and rotates on the toothed plate (34), and the disturbance frame (21) and the swing rod (33) on the flip rod (29) rotate together, and the disturbance frame (21) rotates from a horizontal state to a vertical state, and the swing rod (33) rotates to a position where the lock tongue (35) is locked; at this time, the reciprocating plate (28) drives the vertical disturbance frame (21) toward the upper gate head (11). 1) moving in the direction of the gate to drive away migratory fish, so that the migratory fish enter the upstream waters from the diversion port (14); during the moving process, when the pressure plate (40) on the reciprocating plate (28) collides with the adjacent support rod (16), the pressure plate (40) drives the wedge block (42) to extend into the side U-shaped rod (37), and the wedge block (42) squeezes the inner wall of the side U-shaped rod (37), so that the side U-shaped rod (37) and the lock tongue (35) are moved away from the swing rod (33), and the lock tongue (35) releases the limit on the swing rod (33); under the action of the torsion spring (32), the flip rod (29) drives the disturbance frame (21) to reset and rotate, so that the disturbance frame (21) rotates to a horizontal position, so as to prevent the disturbance frame (21) from interfering with the migratory fish moving upward in the process of moving toward the lower gate head (12); S3, when the height difference between the water level inside the lock chamber (10) and the water level in the upstream water area is reduced by 4 / 5, the gate of the upper lock head (11) is opened to allow the upstream water flow to fully enter the lock chamber (10), and the migratory fish inside the lock chamber (10) move upward; S4, closing the gate of the upper gate head (11) and the diversion port (14), opening the gate of the lower gate head (12), releasing the water flow inside the gate chamber (10), attracting new migratory fish to enter the gate chamber (10), and performing the next cycle operation to help the migratory fish to move upward.

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