Mechanical smoke exhaust device for fire engineering

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of smoke exhaust devices, in particular to a mechanical smoke exhaust device for fire engineering, which comprises a fixed seat, the inner ring wall surface of the fixed seat is coaxially and rotatably connected with a rotating sleeve, the inner wall of the rotating sleeve is fixedly connected with a mounting seat, and the mounting seat is provided with a cavity with an upper opening and a lower opening. A rotatable protective shell is mounted in a cavity of the mounting base, the protective shell is provided with a cavity with an upper opening and a lower opening, a smoke exhaust fan is mounted in the cavity of the protective shell, two symmetrically arranged auxiliary lengthening plates are fixedly connected to the top end of the protective shell, and the upper opening of an inner cavity of the protective shell is located between the two auxiliary lengthening plates; the fire-fighting smoke exhaust device is characterized in that the rotating sleeve is rotationally connected with the mounting base, the rotating sleeve and the protective shell coaxially rotate, and the fire-fighting smoke exhaust device aims at solving the problem that the smoke exhaust angle of the fire-fighting smoke exhaust device cannot be adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of smoke exhaust devices, in particular to a mechanical smoke exhaust device for fire protection engineering. Background Art

[0002] Fire protection engineering is a comprehensive engineering discipline that involves fire prevention, fire detection, fire extinguishing and personnel evacuation to ensure the safety of life and property of people in buildings and facilities. When a fire occurs, thick smoke is one of the main factors leading to casualties. The smoke contains a large amount of toxic and harmful gases, such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide, which will make it difficult for people to breathe and obstruct their vision. The smoke exhaust device can discharge these toxic and harmful smoke in time and maintain good visibility in the evacuation passage. By exhausting the smoke in time, more time can be gained for the evacuation of personnel and reduce casualties.

[0003] Existing building fire smoke exhaust devices generally have the problem of relatively single functions. This type of smoke exhaust device basically only has the ability to exhaust smoke in a fixed direction. When a fire occurs, if the fire source is located on one side of the smoke exhaust device, and it is impossible to flexibly change the smoke exhaust angle, the smoke exhaust efficiency will be greatly reduced. For example, when a fire breaks out at one end and the thick smoke generated rushes toward the fixed smoke exhaust device at the other end, since the device cannot adjust the angle in time, a large amount of thick smoke will not be able to be sucked into the device in a timely and effective manner and will diffuse and gather in the passage, thereby failing to create more favorable ventilation and smoke exhaust conditions for personnel evacuation and fire fighting and rescue work. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a mechanical smoke exhaust device for fire-fighting engineering, so as to solve the problem that the fire-fighting smoke exhaust device cannot adjust the smoke exhaust angle.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A mechanical smoke exhaust device for fire protection engineering comprises a fixed seat, the inner ring wall surface of the fixed seat is coaxially rotatably connected with a rotating sleeve, the inner wall of the rotating sleeve is fixedly connected with a mounting seat, the mounting seat has a cavity with upper and lower openings, a rotatable protective shell is installed in the mounting seat cavity, and the protective shell has a cavity with upper and lower openings, and a smoke exhaust fan is installed in the protective shell cavity.

[0007] Preferably, two symmetrically arranged auxiliary extension plates are fixedly connected to the top of the protective shell, the upper opening of the inner cavity of the protective shell is located between the two auxiliary extension plates, and a rotating sleeve is installed in the cavity of the mounting seat.

[0008] Preferably, it is characterized in that the rotating sleeve and the mounting seat are rotatably connected, and the rotating sleeve and the protective shell rotate coaxially, one side of the two auxiliary extension plates is fixedly connected with a guide slider, and the surface of the rotating sleeve is provided with an arc guide groove for the guide slider to perform arc motion.

[0009] Preferably, an arc-shaped expansion slot is provided at the top of the rotating sleeve, an arc-shaped pull plate that can move in an arc shape is connected to the arc-shaped expansion slot, a locking bar is fixedly connected to the top of the arc-shaped pull plate, and a shifting slot for the locking bar to move in an arc shape is provided on the inner wall of the mounting seat.

[0010] Preferably, both front and rear ends of the arc-shaped pull plate are fixedly connected with linkage sliders, and the groove wall of the arc-shaped telescopic groove is cooperated with a linkage arc groove for the linkage slider to move in an arc shape.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of guide plates arranged at equal intervals are installed at the lower opening of the protective shell cavity, and each guide plate is rotatably connected to the protective shell.

[0012] Preferably, both front and rear ends of the guide plate are fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, and the inner wall of the protective shell is cooperated to form a rotating groove for the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0013] Preferably, both front and rear ends of the guide plate are fixedly connected with a toggle block, and the toggle block is located below the rotating shaft. A linkage push rod that can move left and right is installed on the surface of the protective shell, and a plurality of grooves for pushing the toggle block are opened on the surface of the linkage push rod.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. By setting the protective shell to rotate, the exhaust direction of the smoke exhaust fan can be adjusted, and the exhaust direction can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual flow direction of the smoke. For example, when the wind direction or building structure at the fire scene causes the smoke to diffuse diagonally instead of flowing vertically upward, this rotatable setting can make the smoke exhaust fan align with the direction of the smoke flow, collect and discharge the smoke more effectively, thereby avoiding the smoke exhaust dead angle that may occur in traditional fixed-direction smoke exhaust devices and improving the smoke exhaust efficiency;

[0016] 2. By setting the arc-shaped pull plate and the rotating sleeve, the adjustable angle range of the protective shell is greatly increased, which helps the smoke exhaust device to more accurately align the smoke exhaust port with the dense smoke area. This enables the smoke exhaust device to better adapt to smoke flows in different directions, ensure that smoke can be exhausted at the best angle, improve smoke exhaust efficiency, and provide more favorable conditions for personnel evacuation and fire rescue;

[0017] 3. By setting a rotatable guide plate, the angle of the guide plate can be adjusted according to the actual direction of the smoke flow, so that the smoke flow can be guided more smoothly to the air inlet of the fan. For example, when the smoke rushes obliquely toward the fan, by rotating the guide plate to form a suitable angle with the direction of the smoke flow, the effective air intake area of ​​the fan can be increased and the smoke exhaust volume can be increased. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall vertical section structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical section of the fixing seat of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical section of a rotating sleeve of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection state of the protective shell of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting seat of the present invention in vertical section;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the arc-shaped pull plate of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the vertical section structure of the rotating sleeve of the present invention;

[0026] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a part of the rotating sleeve of the present invention;

[0027] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical section structure of the protective shell of the present invention;

[0028] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide plate of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the linkage push rod of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.13 This is a state effect diagram of the second chute of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1. fixed seat; 2. inner gear ring; 3. outer gear; 4. first motor; 5. rotating sleeve; 6. second motor; 7. transmission box; 8. mounting seat; 9. butt joint; 10. gear slot; 11. positioning strip; 12. arc-shaped pull plate; 13. arc-shaped telescopic slot; 14. linkage slider; 15. linkage arc-shaped slot; 16. rotating sleeve; 17. arc-shaped guide slot; 18. guide slider; 19. auxiliary extension plate; 20. protective shell; 21. smoke exhaust fan; 22. guide plate; 23. rotating shaft; 24. toggle block; 25. linkage push rod; 26. threaded rod; 27. third motor; 28. connecting rod; 29. ​​groove; 30. avoidance slot; 31. first slide slot; 32. second slide slot; 33. rotating slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] See also Figures 1 to 13 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0034] A mechanical smoke exhaust device for fire protection engineering, comprising a fixed seat 1, the inner ring wall surface of the fixed seat 1 is coaxially rotatably connected with a rotating sleeve 5, the inner wall of the rotating sleeve 5 is fixedly connected with a mounting seat 8, the mounting seat 8 has a cavity with upper and lower openings, a rotatable protective shell 20 is installed in the cavity of the mounting seat 8, and the protective shell 20 has a cavity with upper and lower openings, a smoke exhaust fan 21 is installed in the cavity of the protective shell 20, a second motor 6 is installed on the surface of the rotating sleeve 5, and a transmission box 7 is installed on the surface of the rotating sleeve 5, the second motor 6 and the transmission box 7 function as the second motor 6 as a power source, through the transmission box 7 to drive the protective shell 20 to rotate, the transmission box 7 can be a gear transmission component, so that the smoke exhaust fan 21 installed in the protective shell 20 can be driven to rotate and change the direction of smoke exhaust;

[0035] In the fire protection engineering system, the mechanical smoke exhaust device does not work independently. It needs to cooperate with other fire protection equipment such as the automatic fire alarm system, fire shutters, sprinkler systems, etc. When other fire protection equipment is in operation, such as the fire shutters falling to prevent the spread of fire, the flow path of the smoke will change. At this time, the rotatable protective shell 20 and the smoke exhaust fan 21 can be adjusted according to the new smoke path, and work together with other equipment to make the entire fire protection system run more efficiently.

[0036] A docking pipe 9 is installed at the opening of the inner cavity of the mounting seat 8, which is connected to the smoke exhaust pipe through the docking pipe 9. The smoke exhaust fan 21 is started to exhaust smoke. The smoke passes through the inner cavity of the protective shell 20, and then passes through the inner cavity of the mounting seat 8, and enters the smoke exhaust pipe through the docking pipe 9. Then the smoke exhaust pipe guides the smoke to the outside of the building to realize mechanical smoke exhaust.

[0037] An inner gear ring 2 is coaxially fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fixed seat 1, and an outer gear 3 is rotatably connected to the surface of the mounting seat 8. A first motor 4 is fixedly installed on the surface of the mounting seat 8, and an output end of the first motor 4 is coaxially fixedly connected to the outer gear 3. The outer gear 3 and the inner gear ring 2 are meshingly connected. The outer gear 3 is driven to rotate by starting the first motor 4. Due to the meshing action of the outer gear 3 and the inner gear ring 2, the outer gear 3 moves in a circle along the inner side of the inner gear ring 2. The movement of the outer gear 3 drives the rotating sleeve 5 to move, thereby realizing the coaxial rotation connection between the fixed seat 1 and the rotating sleeve 5. By rotating the rotating sleeve 5, the direction of the protective shell 20 after rotation is adjusted, so that the smoke exhaust device can, in addition to changing the exhaust direction by rotating the protective shell 20 itself, further adjust the direction of the protective shell 20 after rotation by rotating the rotating sleeve 5, thereby realizing multi-axis angle adjustment.

[0038] The flow direction and concentration distribution of smoke at the fire scene will change with the development of the fire, changes in wind direction, implementation of fire-fighting measures and other factors. The rotating setting of the rotating sleeve 5 enables the smoke exhaust device to respond to these changes in a timely manner. For example, when firefighters open new vents or use water curtains to isolate the fire, the flow path of the smoke will change. At this time, by rotating the rotating sleeve 5, the angle of the smoke exhaust device can be quickly adjusted to adapt to the new smoke flow conditions and ensure the continued effectiveness of the smoke exhaust work.

[0039] Two symmetrically arranged auxiliary extension plates 19 are fixedly connected to the top of the protective shell 20. The upper opening of the inner cavity of the protective shell 20 is located between the two auxiliary extension plates 19. A rotating sleeve 16 is installed in the cavity of the mounting seat 8. By setting the auxiliary extension plates 19, after the protective shell 20 is rotated, the auxiliary extension plates 19 will block the gap between the protective shell 20 and the mounting seat 8 caused by the rotation of the protective shell 20, thereby preventing smoke from leaking from the gap to other areas, affecting personnel evacuation and fire rescue.

[0040] The rotating sleeve 16 is rotatably connected to the mounting seat 8, and the rotating sleeve 16 and the protective shell 20 rotate coaxially. A guide slider 18 is fixedly connected to one side of each of the two auxiliary extension plates 19. An arc guide groove 17 is provided on the surface of the rotating sleeve 16 for the guide slider 18 to make an arc motion. In a conventional arrangement, since the guide slider 18 rotates and moves with the protective shell 20, the curvature of the arc guide groove 17 is arranged accordingly. By arranging the guide slider 18 to move in the arc guide groove 17, the maximum distance that the guide slider 18 can move is limited. When the guide slider 18 moves the maximum distance in the arc guide groove 17, the rotating sleeve 16 can be driven to rotate again. By arranging the rotating sleeve 16 to be rotatable, it is beneficial to increase the range of adjustable angles of the protective shell 20.

[0041] The top of the rotating sleeve 16 is provided with an arc-shaped telescopic groove 13, which is located near the right side of the rotating sleeve 16. An arc-shaped pull plate 12 that can move in an arc shape is connected to the arc-shaped telescopic groove 13. The top of the arc-shaped pull plate 12 is fixedly connected with a clamping strip 11. The inner wall of the mounting seat 8 is provided with a shifting groove 10 for the arc-shaped movement of the clamping strip 11. In the conventional arrangement, the arc-shaped pull plate 12 moves in an arc shape, and the groove shape of the arc-shaped telescopic groove 13 is a groove shape that matches the arc-shaped movement of the arc-shaped pull plate 12, and the curvature is matched with the rotation of the rotating sleeve 16. It should be set that, by setting the arc-shaped expansion groove 13, when the rotating sleeve 16 rotates downward to the maximum distance, the arc-shaped pull plate 12 can also be moved out of the arc-shaped expansion groove 13, so that the rotating sleeve 16 can continue to rotate downward, which is beneficial to increase the adjustable angle range of the protective shell 20. By setting the gear groove 10 and the locking bar 11, the maximum movable distance of the arc-shaped pull plate 12 is limited to prevent the arc-shaped pull plate 12 from escaping from the mounting seat 8, and the arc-shaped pull plate 12 also has the effect of blocking the gap between the rotating sleeve 16 and the mounting seat 8 after the rotation.

[0042] The front and rear ends of the arc-shaped pull plate 12 are fixedly connected with a linkage slider 14. The groove wall of the arc-shaped telescopic groove 13 is cooperated with to open a linkage arc groove 15 for the linkage slider 14 to move in an arc shape. The conventional setting is that the curvature of the linkage arc groove 15 is set accordingly to cooperate with the rotation of the rotating sleeve 16. By setting the linkage slider 14 to move in the linkage arc groove 15, the maximum distance that the arc-shaped pull plate 12 and the rotating sleeve 16 can move relative to each other is limited, so that after the linkage slider 14 moves the maximum distance in the linkage arc groove 15, it can also drive the rotating sleeve 16 to rotate again.

[0043] In summary, as the protective shell 20, the rotating sleeve 16, the arc-shaped pull plate 12 and other components rotate, the arc-shaped pull plate 12 and the auxiliary extension plate 19 can dynamically fill the gap caused by the rotation, effectively confining the smoke in the smoke exhaust channel, by limiting the movement of the guide slider 18 in the arc guide groove 17, the linkage slider 14 in the linkage arc groove 15, the arc-shaped pull plate 12 in the arc telescopic groove 13, and the positioning bar 11 in the gear groove 10, so that they can drive the adjacent structures to rotate when the maximum distance is reached, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the device in the complex angle adjustment process, and by setting the positioning bar 11, the linkage slider 14, and the guide slider 18, the entire angle adjustment process only requires the second motor 6 to drive the protective shell 20 to rotate to achieve the coordinated work of multiple components. This linkage mechanism simplifies the operation process. In the event of a fire emergency, it is easier for firefighters or automatic control systems to operate the smoke exhaust device for angle adjustment.

[0044] The lower opening of the protective shell 20 cavity is equipped with a plurality of equally spaced guide plates 22, and each guide plate 22 is rotatably connected to the protective shell 20. By providing a rotatable guide plate 22, the angle of the guide plate 22 can be adjusted according to the actual direction of the smoke flow, so that the smoke flow can be guided more smoothly to the air inlet of the fan. For example, when the smoke rushes toward the fan obliquely, by rotating the guide plate 22 to form a suitable angle with the direction of the smoke flow, the effective air intake area of ​​the fan can be increased and the smoke exhaust volume can be increased.

[0045] The front and rear ends of the guide plate 22 are fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 23, and the inner wall of the protective shell 20 is cooperated to open a rotating groove 33 for the rotating shaft 23 to rotate. The front and rear ends of the guide plate 22 are fixedly connected with the toggle block 24, and the toggle block 24 is located below the rotating shaft 23. The surface of the protective shell 20 is installed with a linkage push rod 25 that can move left and right. The surface of the linkage push rod 25 is provided with a plurality of grooves 29 for pushing the toggle block 24. The plurality of grooves 29 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the toggle block 24. The toggle block 24 is located in the groove 29. By moving the linkage push rod 25 left and right, the toggle block 24 moves relatively along the groove wall of the groove 29. The movement of the toggle block 24 drives the guide plate 22 to rotate around the rotating shaft 23, thereby adjusting the angle of the guide plate 22.

[0046] Furthermore, the wall surface of the protective shell 20 is cooperated to open an avoidance groove 30 for the toggle block 24 to rotate around the rotating shaft 23, and the interior of the protective shell 20 is cooperated to open a second slide groove 32 for the linkage push rod 25 to move left and right. There are two linkage push rods 25, which are respectively located at the front and rear ends of the guide plate 22. Two linkage push rods 25 are respectively located at the front and rear ends of the guide plate 22, so that the force on the guide plate 22 during the angle adjustment process is evenly distributed, thereby avoiding the guide plate 22 from tilting or getting stuck due to uneven force.

[0047] A connecting rod 28 is fixedly connected between the two linkage push rods 25. A first sliding groove 31 is provided inside the protective shell 20 for the connecting rod 28 to move left and right. A threaded rod 26 is rotatably connected in the first sliding groove 31. The threaded rod 26 movably passes through the connecting rod 28, and the threaded rod 26 and the connecting rod 28 are threadedly connected. A third motor 27 is fixedly installed on the surface of the protective shell 20. The output end of the third motor 27 is coaxially fixedly connected to the threaded rod 26. The threaded rod 26 is driven to rotate by starting the third motor 27. Due to the threaded action between the threaded rod 26 and the connecting rod 28, the connecting rod 28 moves. The linkage push rod 25 is moved left and right by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the threaded rod 26.

[0048] The specific solution is as follows: Installation and initial preparation: The fixing base 1 is firmly fixed to the wall of the building. The butt-joint pipe 9 is fixedly connected to the smoke exhaust pipe;

[0049] Start smoke exhaust: When a fire occurs and smoke exhaust is required, the smoke exhaust fan 21 is started to exhaust smoke. Smoke enters the inner cavity of the protective shell 20 from the outside, passes through the inner cavity of the protective shell 20, passes through the inner cavity of the mounting seat 8, and finally enters the smoke exhaust pipe through the docking pipe 9. The smoke exhaust pipe guides the smoke to the outside of the building, realizing the start-up process of mechanical smoke exhaust;

[0050] Angle adjustment: First, start the second motor 6, and the power is transmitted through the transmission box 7 to drive the protective shell 20 to start rotating. The rotation of the protective shell 20 drives the exhaust fan 21 installed inside it to rotate synchronously. During the rotation of the protective shell 20, the guide slider 18 makes an arc motion in the arc guide groove 17, or the arc pull plate 12 makes an arc motion in the arc telescopic groove 13, or the positioning bar 11 makes an arc movement in the gear groove 10, or the linkage slider 14 makes an arc motion in the linkage arc groove 15, or the like. At the same time, the protective shell 20 moves in an arc shape to increase the adjustable angle range of the protective shell 20 until the protective shell 20 is adjusted to a suitable smoke exhaust direction. If the smoke exhaust direction needs to be further adjusted, the first motor 4 is started, and the first motor 4 drives the outer gear 3 to rotate. Due to the meshing action of the outer gear 3 and the inner gear ring 2, the outer gear 3 moves in a circle along the inner side of the inner gear ring 2, thereby driving the rotating sleeve 5 to move and realize the rotation of the rotating sleeve 5, and then adjusting the direction of the protective shell 20 after rotation, so that the smoke exhaust fan 21 exhausts smoke facing the smoke flow;

[0051] Adjustment of the guide plate 22: According to the actual direction of the smoke flow, the third motor 27 is started, and the third motor 27 drives the threaded rod 26 to rotate. Due to the threaded action between the threaded rod 26 and the connecting rod 28, the connecting rod 28 can be controlled to move left and right, thereby driving the two linked push rods 25 to move left and right synchronously. The movement of the linked push rod 25 pushes the toggle block 24 to move through the groove 29. The movement of the toggle block 24 causes the guide plate 22 to rotate around the rotating shaft 23, thereby adjusting the angle of the guide plate 22, guiding the smoke flow more smoothly to the air inlet of the fan, increasing the effective air intake area of ​​the fan, and improving the smoke exhaust volume.

[0052] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A mechanical smoke exhaust device for fire protection engineering, comprising a fixing seat (1), characterized in that: The inner wall surface of the fixed seat (1) is coaxially rotatably connected to a rotating sleeve (5), the inner wall of the rotating sleeve (5) is fixedly connected to a mounting seat (8), the mounting seat (8) has a cavity with upper and lower openings, a rotatable protective shell (20) is installed in the cavity of the mounting seat (8), and the protective shell (20) has a cavity with upper and lower openings, and a smoke exhaust fan (21) is installed in the cavity of the protective shell (20).

2. A mechanical smoke exhaust device for fire protection engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the protective shell (20) is fixedly connected to two symmetrically arranged auxiliary extension plates (19); the upper opening of the inner cavity of the protective shell (20) is located between the two auxiliary extension plates (19); and a rotating sleeve (16) is installed in the cavity of the mounting seat (8).

3. A mechanical smoke exhaust device for fire protection engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating sleeve (16) and the mounting seat (8) are rotatably connected, and the rotating sleeve (16) and the protective shell (20) rotate coaxially. One side of the two auxiliary extension plates (19) is fixedly connected with a guide slider (18), and the surface of the rotating sleeve (16) is provided with an arc guide groove (17) for the guide slider (18) to make an arc movement.

4. A mechanical smoke exhaust device for fire protection engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the rotating sleeve (16) is provided with an arc-shaped telescopic groove (13), the arc-shaped telescopic groove (13) is connected with an arc-shaped pull plate (12) that can move in an arc shape, the top of the arc-shaped pull plate (12) is fixedly connected with a locking strip (11), and the inner wall of the mounting seat (8) is provided with a shifting groove (10) for the locking strip (11) to move in an arc shape.

5. A mechanical smoke exhaust device for fire protection engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front and rear ends of the arc-shaped pull plate (12) are fixedly connected with linkage slide blocks (14), and the groove wall of the arc-shaped telescopic groove (13) is provided with linkage arc grooves (15) for the linkage slide blocks (14) to move in an arc shape.

6. A mechanical smoke exhaust device for fire fighting engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower opening of the cavity of the protective shell (20) is equipped with a plurality of guide plates (22) arranged at equal intervals, and each guide plate (22) is rotatably connected to the protective shell (20).

7. A mechanical smoke exhaust device for fire protection engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that: The front and rear ends of the guide plate (22) are both fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (23), and the inner wall of the protective shell (20) is provided with a rotating groove (33) for the rotating shaft (23) to rotate.

8. A mechanical smoke exhaust device for fire fighting engineering according to claim 7, characterized in that: The guide plate (22) is fixedly connected to a toggle block (24) at both the front and rear ends, and the toggle block (24) is located below the rotating shaft (23). A linkage push rod (25) that can move left and right is installed on the surface of the protective shell (20), and a plurality of grooves (29) for pushing the toggle block (24) are provided on the surface of the linkage push rod (25).

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