Method for detecting and displaying electric quantity of earphone

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for detecting and displaying the electric quantity of an earphone, which relates to the technical field of electronic equipment and comprises the following steps of: acquiring an analog signal of battery voltage through an ADC (analog-to-digital converter) channel, converting the analog signal into a digital signal, performing digital filtering processing on the acquired signal, matching a preset voltage-electric quantity mapping table according to an updated battery voltage value, and displaying the electric quantity of the earphone according to the preset voltage-electric quantity mapping table. According to the method for detecting and displaying the electric quantity of the earphone, the voltage of a lithium battery of 0-4.2 V is detected through an ADC differential input mode, the sampling frequency is 100-500 Hz, the precision is 10-12 bits, and signal stability is ensured through low-pass filtering. A sliding window mean filtering algorithm is adopted to process signals, fluctuation and noise are effectively eliminated, and voltage changes are dynamically tracked. A deviation comparison mechanism avoids misjudgment and ensures accurate electric quantity detection. The electric quantity mapping table is dynamically adjusted according to the voltage, the battery use duration and the environment temperature, the earphone electric quantity state is accurately reflected, the user experience is improved, and the electric quantity detection stability and accuracy are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electronic equipment, and in particular to a method for detecting and displaying the battery level of an earphone. Background Art

[0002] Wireless headphones are headphones that connect to audio source devices (such as smartphones, tablets, music players, etc.) wirelessly. They are free from the constraints of traditional wired headphones and provide greater freedom and convenience. The working principle of wireless headphones mainly relies on Bluetooth technology. When a mobile phone or other audio device plays audio, it compresses the audio data and sends it to the headphones through the Bluetooth channel. After receiving the data, the headphones will decompress it and convert it into analog radio waves, which in turn drive the speakers to produce sound.

[0003] With the popularity of wireless headphones, users have an increasing demand for real-time control of the battery level of headphones. However, traditional methods of detecting and displaying battery level lack accurate monitoring. Traditional headphones usually rely on simple battery voltage estimation for battery level detection, which results in inaccurate battery level display. It is difficult for users to arrange usage according to the displayed battery level, resulting in a sudden power outage during use, affecting the user experience. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method for detecting and displaying the battery level of headphones. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings existing in the prior art and propose a method for detecting and displaying the power of headphones to solve the problem of lack of precise monitoring in the traditional power detection and display method in the above technical scheme. Traditional headphones usually rely on simple battery voltage estimation for power detection, resulting in inaccurate power display. It is difficult for users to reasonably arrange use according to the displayed power, which may cause sudden power outage during use, affecting the user experience.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for detecting the power level of an earphone, comprising the following steps: S1: When the headset is in working state, the analog signal of the battery voltage is obtained through the ADC channel and converted into a digital signal; S2: Perform digital filtering on the collected signal, using a sliding window mean filtering algorithm with a window time length of 5-15 seconds to calculate the average or maximum value within the preset time window to eliminate the impact of instantaneous fluctuations on the detection results; S3: The average value or maximum value is compared with the previous voltage value, and the deviation threshold is set to ±5%. It is determined whether the deviation between the two is greater than ±5%. If the deviation is less than ±5%, the process ends, the original voltage value is maintained, and no subsequent operations are performed. If the deviation is greater than ±5%, it means that the battery voltage has changed significantly, and the battery voltage is updated at this time. S4: Match the updated battery voltage value with a preset voltage - power mapping table to determine the current power level, where the power level includes four states: full charge, normal voltage, low power, and shutdown due to low power.

[0006] As a preferred implementation, the voltage - power mapping table includes four preset levels, specifically: Full charge state: voltage value ≥ V1, corresponding power percentage is 100% - 81%; Normal voltage: V2 ≤ voltage value < V1, corresponding power percentage is 80% - 20%; Low power state: V3 ≤ voltage value < V2, corresponding power percentage is 20% - 5%; Shutdown threshold: voltage value < V3, corresponding power percentage is less than 5%; Where V1, V2, and V3 are preset voltage thresholds and V1 > V2 > V3, and the thresholds are dynamically adjusted according to the battery type and usage environment.

[0007] As a preferred implementation, the environment dynamic adjustment module can automatically correct the values of V1, V2, and V3 according to the battery usage duration, and the correction formula is: Vx' = Vx×(1 - α×t), where α is the attenuation coefficient and t is the cumulative usage hours.

[0008] As a preferred implementation, it also includes an exception handling mechanism: when it is detected that the voltage value drops at a rate exceeding a preset safety threshold (such as more than 5% per minute) within a unit time, an emergency protection program is triggered.

[0009] A method for earphone power display includes the following steps: S5: Send the first power information to the mobile terminal through the HFP protocol to trigger the display of system - level icons, where the first power information includes the power percentage and the battery status identifier; S6: Transmit the second power information to the Android application side through the SPP protocol to achieve in - application visual display, where the second power information includes the power percentage, the estimated remaining usage time, and the battery health status; S7: Transmit the third power information to the iOS application side through the BLE protocol to complete cross - platform power synchronization, where the third power information includes the power percentage, the battery status characteristic value, and the estimated battery life.

[0010] As a preferred implementation, in step S5, the HFP protocol transmission uses the AT + XAPL instruction set, and the power information is encoded as a 4 - bit data field.

[0011] As a preferred implementation, the SPP protocol transmission in step S6 includes a power percentage value and an estimated remaining usage time, and the time calculation model is: T_remain = (Current_Level / Discharge_Rate)×k Where Discharge_Rate is the historical average discharge rate, and k is the correction factor.

[0012] As a preferred implementation, the BLE protocol in step S7 adopts a custom GATT service, including: The characteristic value of power percentage; Battery status characteristic value; Estimated endurance characteristic value.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are: First, in the present invention, the battery voltage signal is collected in real time through the ADC (analog-to-digital converter) channel integrated in the headset main control chip. The ADC module adopts a differential input mode with a reference voltage of 1.2V. It can detect a voltage range of 0-4.2V and is suitable for voltage detection of lithium batteries. The sampling frequency of the ADC is set to 100-500Hz and the sampling accuracy is 10-12 bits to ensure that the slight changes in the battery voltage can be accurately captured. At the same time, a low-pass filter circuit is added to the ADC input end to filter out high-frequency noise, ensure the stability of the collected signal, and provide a reliable data basis for subsequent power calculations. Then, a sliding window mean filter algorithm is used to process the collected voltage signal. The time length of the sliding window is set to 5-15 seconds, and the window contains 500-1500 sampling points (the specific number depends on the sampling frequency). Then, the average value or The maximum value is used as the representative value of the current voltage. The window slides over time, and the data in the window is updated each time to ensure that the filtering result can reflect the latest voltage status in real time. Through this method, the instantaneous fluctuations and noise interference of the voltage signal can be effectively eliminated, and the stability and accuracy of the power detection can be improved. Then the filtered voltage value is compared with the last recorded voltage value, the deviation percentage is calculated, and it is determined whether the deviation exceeds the set threshold (±5%). If the deviation is within the threshold range, it means that the battery voltage changes little and there is no need to update the voltage value; if the deviation exceeds the threshold, the voltage update operation is triggered, and the current voltage value is stored as a new historical voltage value. This deviation comparison and update mechanism can dynamically track the changes in battery voltage, avoid misjudgment caused by voltage fluctuations, ensure the accuracy of the power detection results, and then match the preset voltage-power mapping table according to the updated voltage value to determine the current power level. The mapping table divides the voltage range into four levels: full power, normal voltage, low power and low power shutdown. Each level corresponds to a different power percentage range. At the same time, the thresholds V1, V2, and V3 in the mapping table are dynamically adjusted according to the battery usage time and ambient temperature to ensure the accuracy of the mapping table. By looking up the mapping table, the power level and the corresponding power percentage can be determined, helping users accurately understand the power status of the headphones.

[0014] Second, in the present invention, when it is detected that the voltage value decreases at a rate exceeding a preset safety threshold (such as a decrease of more than 5% per minute) within a unit time, an emergency protection program is triggered. The protection measures include sending a low-power warning signal to all connected devices, automatically reducing the audio output power to a safe level, and starting a backup power management solution to extend the battery life. Through this mechanism, we can effectively deal with sudden drops in power and improve user experience and device reliability.

[0015] Third, in the present invention, the detected power is sent to the mobile terminal by using the HFP (Hands-Free Profile) protocol. The HFP protocol is a communication protocol widely used in Bluetooth devices, supporting the interaction of audio transmission and device status information. In this solution, this feature of the HFP protocol is used to transmit the first power information through the AT+XAPL instruction set. The AT+XAPL instruction set is a standard instruction for transmitting device status information in the HFP protocol. The power information is encoded as a 4-bit data field, each field represents a different power percentage range, such as 0000 indicates unknown power, 0001 indicates power between 0%-10%, and so on to 1010 indicates power between 90%-100%. After receiving this information, the mobile terminal can display the power icon and percentage in the status bar or notification center, so that the user can understand the power status of the headset in real time without opening a specific application. This implementation method not only improves the transmission efficiency of power information, but also ensures the compatibility and real-time performance of system-level power display. The second power information is transmitted to the Android application side using the SPP protocol, and the detailed information including the power percentage, estimated remaining usage time and battery health status is sent to the Android application side by using the SPP protocol's feature of supporting large-scale transmission of big data. The estimated remaining usage time is calculated by the formula T_remain= (Current_Level / Discharge_Rate)×k, where Current_Level is the current power percentage, Discharge_Rate is the historical average discharge rate, and k is the correction factor. After receiving this information, the Android application side will display the power percentage, remaining time and battery health status in the application interface, so as to help users reasonably arrange usage time and charging plans. The third power information is transmitted to the iOS application side using the BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) protocol, and a custom GATT (Generic Attribute Profile) service is designed, and characteristic values ​​such as power percentage characteristic value, battery status characteristic value and estimated endurance characteristic value are defined. The power percentage characteristic value uses an 8-bit unsigned integer to represent the current power percentage, the battery status characteristic value uses a 2-bit status code to represent the current state of the battery, and the estimated battery life characteristic value uses a 16-bit time in minutes to represent the estimated remaining usage time under the current usage mode. Through the BLE protocol, we send this power information to the iOS application at a transmission interval of 1-5 seconds to ensure the real-time power information. After receiving this information, the iOS application will display the power percentage, battery status and estimated battery life in the application interface, thereby achieving compatible display of accurate headset power information on different mobile terminals through multiple Bluetooth protocols to improve user convenience and experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The present invention is an overall flow chart of a headphone power detection method; Figure 2 The present invention is an overall flow chart of a headphone power display method; Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic diagram of power information of a headphone power detection method; Figure 4 The present invention is a signal filtering process flow chart of a headphone power detection method; Figure 5 The present invention is a flowchart of a power display process of a headphone power detection method; Figure 6 It is an exception handling block diagram of a headphone power detection method; Figure 7 The present invention is a voltage-power mapping block diagram of a headphone power detection method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Example: like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for detecting the power level of an earphone, comprising the following steps: S1: When the headset is in working state, the analog signal of the battery voltage is obtained through the ADC (analog-to-digital converter) channel and converted into a digital signal; S2: Perform digital filtering on the collected signal, using a sliding window mean filtering algorithm with a window time length of 5-15 seconds to calculate the average or maximum value within the preset time window to eliminate the impact of instantaneous fluctuations on the detection results; S3: The average value or maximum value is compared with the previous voltage value, and the deviation threshold is set to ±5%. It is determined whether the deviation between the two is greater than ±5%. If the deviation is less than ±5%, the process ends, the original voltage value is maintained, and no subsequent operations are performed. If the deviation is greater than ±5%, it means that the battery voltage has changed significantly, and the battery voltage is updated at this time. S4: Match the updated battery voltage value with the preset voltage - power mapping table to determine the current power level, where the power level includes four states: full charge, normal voltage, low power, and shutdown due to low power.

[0019] The voltage - power mapping table contains four preset levels, specifically: Full charge state: voltage value ≥ V1, corresponding power percentage is 100% - 81%; Normal voltage: V2 ≤ voltage value < V1, corresponding power percentage is 80% - 20%; Low power state: V3 ≤ voltage value < V2, corresponding power percentage is 20% - 5%; Shutdown threshold: voltage value < V3, corresponding power percentage is less than 5%; Where V1, V2, and V3 are preset voltage thresholds and V1 > V2 > V3, and the thresholds are dynamically adjusted according to the battery type and usage environment.

[0020] Through the mapping table, the headphone system can convert the actual voltage value of the battery into a power percentage or power level that is easy for users to understand. In this way, users can intuitively understand the remaining power of the headphones, so as to reasonably arrange the usage time and charging plan.

[0021] The environment dynamic adjustment module can automatically correct the values of V1, V2, and V3 according to the battery usage duration. The correction formula is: Vx' = Vx × (1 - α × t), where α is the attenuation coefficient (0.0001 - 0.0005 / h), and t is the cumulative usage hours.

[0022] This module can set the attenuation coefficient α (0.0001 - 0.0005 / h) according to the battery usage duration to reflect the impact of battery aging on voltage; at the same time, set the temperature compensation coefficient β (0.01 - 0.05 / ℃) to reflect the impact of temperature change on voltage. Through the correction formula Vx' = Vx × (1 - α × t) + β × ΔT (where t is the cumulative usage hours, and ΔT is the difference between the current temperature and the standard temperature of 25℃), the voltage - power mapping table can be dynamically optimized to improve the long - term accuracy of power detection.

[0023] It also includes an exception handling mechanism: when it is detected that the voltage value drops at a rate exceeding the preset safety threshold (such as more than 5% per minute) within a unit time, an emergency protection program is triggered.

[0024] By detecting that the voltage value drops at a rate exceeding the preset safety threshold per unit time (such as a drop of more than 5% per minute), the emergency protection program is triggered. The protection measures include sending low-power warning signals to all connected devices, automatically reducing the audio output power to a safe level, and starting the backup power management solution to extend battery life. Through this mechanism, we can effectively respond to sudden power drops and improve user experience and device reliability.

[0025] Working principle: The battery voltage signal is collected in real time through the ADC (analog-to-digital converter) channel integrated in the headset main control chip. The ADC module adopts differential input mode with a reference voltage of 1.2V. It can detect a voltage range of 0-4.2V and is suitable for voltage detection of lithium batteries. The sampling frequency of the ADC is set to 100-500Hz and the sampling accuracy is 10-12 bits to ensure that the slight changes in the battery voltage can be accurately captured. At the same time, a low-pass filter circuit is added to the ADC input to filter out high-frequency noise and ensure the stability of the collected signal, providing a reliable data basis for subsequent power calculations. The collected voltage signal is then processed using a sliding window mean filter algorithm. The time length of the sliding window is set to 5-15 seconds, and the window contains 500-1500 sampling points (the specific number depends on the sampling frequency). The average or maximum value of the sampled data in the window is then calculated. The value is used as the representative value of the current voltage. The window slides over time, and the data in the window is updated each time to ensure that the filtering result can reflect the latest voltage state in real time. Through this method, the instantaneous fluctuation and noise interference of the voltage signal can be effectively eliminated, and the stability and accuracy of the power detection can be improved. Then the filtered voltage value is compared with the last recorded voltage value, the deviation percentage is calculated, and it is determined whether the deviation exceeds the set threshold (±5%). If the deviation is within the threshold range, it means that the battery voltage changes little and there is no need to update the voltage value; if the deviation exceeds the threshold, the voltage update operation is triggered, and the current voltage value is stored as a new historical voltage value. This deviation comparison and update mechanism can dynamically track the changes in battery voltage, avoid misjudgment caused by voltage fluctuations, ensure the accuracy of the power detection results, and then match the preset voltage-power mapping table according to the updated voltage value to determine the current power level. The mapping table divides the voltage range into four levels: full power, normal voltage, low power and low power shutdown. Each level corresponds to a different power percentage range. At the same time, the thresholds V1, V2, and V3 in the mapping table are dynamically adjusted according to the battery usage time and ambient temperature to ensure the accuracy of the mapping table. By looking up the mapping table, the power level and the corresponding power percentage can be determined, helping users accurately understand the power status of the headphones.

[0026] A method for displaying the battery level of an earphone, comprising the following steps: S5: Sending first power information to the mobile terminal through the HFP protocol to trigger the display of a system-level icon, wherein the first power information includes a power percentage and a battery status indicator; S6: transmitting the second power information to the Android application through the SPP protocol to realize visual display in the application, wherein the second power information includes power percentage, estimated remaining usage time and battery health status; S7: Transmitting third power information to the iOS application via the BLE protocol to complete cross-platform power synchronization, wherein the third power information includes power percentage, battery status characteristic value, and estimated battery life.

[0027] In step S5, the HFP protocol transmission adopts the AT+XAPL instruction set, and the power information is encoded as a 4-bit data field.

[0028] In step S6, the SPP protocol transmission includes the power percentage value and the estimated remaining usage time. The time calculation model is: T_remain = (Current_Level / Discharge_Rate)×k Where Discharge_Rate is the historical average discharge rate, and k is the correction factor (0.8-1.2).

[0029] In step S7, the BLE protocol uses a custom GATT service, including: Battery percentage characteristic value (8-bit unsigned integer); Battery status characteristic value (2-bit status code); Estimated battery life characteristic value (16-bit time minutes).

[0030] Working principle: The detected power is sent to the mobile terminal through the HFP (Hands-Free Profile) protocol. As a communication protocol widely used in Bluetooth devices, the HFP protocol supports the interaction of audio transmission and device status information. In this solution, this feature of the HFP protocol is used to transmit the first power information through the AT+XAPL instruction set. The AT+XAPL instruction set is a standard instruction for transmitting device status information in the HFP protocol. The power information is encoded as a 4-bit data field, each field represents a different power percentage range, such as 0000 means the power is unknown, 0001 means the power is between 0%-10%, and so on to 1010 means the power is between 90%-100%. After receiving this information, the mobile terminal can display the power icon and percentage in the status bar or notification center, so that the user can understand the power status of the headset in real time without opening a specific application. This implementation method not only improves the transmission efficiency of power information, but also ensures the compatibility and real-time performance of system-level power display. Through SPP (Serial Port The second power information is transmitted to the Android application side using the SPP protocol. The SPP protocol supports the transmission of large amounts of data and sends detailed information including power percentage, estimated remaining usage time and battery health status to the Android application side. The estimated remaining usage time is calculated by the formula T_remain = (Current_Level / Discharge_Rate)×k, where Current_Level is the current power percentage, Discharge_Rate is the historical average discharge rate, and k is the correction factor.After receiving this information, the Android application will display the battery percentage, remaining time and battery health status in the application interface, so as to help users arrange usage time and charging plan reasonably. The BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) protocol is used to transmit the third power information to the iOS application. By designing a custom GATT (Generic Attribute The battery percentage characteristic value uses an 8-bit unsigned integer to represent the current battery percentage, the battery status characteristic value uses a 2-bit status code to represent the current battery status, and the estimated battery life characteristic value uses a 16-bit time in minutes to represent the estimated remaining usage time in the current usage mode. Through the BLE protocol, we send this power information to the iOS application at a transmission interval of 1-5 seconds to ensure the real-time power information. After receiving this information, the iOS application will display the power percentage, battery status and estimated battery life in the application interface, thereby achieving the compatible display of accurate headset power information on different mobile terminals through multiple Bluetooth protocols, ensuring that the power information seen by users on different devices is the latest. Through different protocols, the power information is displayed on different types of mobile phones and APPs. Whether it is an Android system or an IOS system, the power display can be realized, meeting the needs of different user groups and improving the versatility and compatibility of the product. ,

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in other forms. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes and apply it to other fields. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the power level of an earphone, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1: When the earphone is in the working state, obtain the analog signal of the battery voltage through the ADC channel and convert it into a digital signal; S2: Perform digital filtering processing on the collected signal. Adopt the sliding window mean filtering algorithm with a window time length of 5 - 15 seconds, and calculate the average value or maximum value within the preset time window to eliminate the influence of instantaneous fluctuations on the detection result; S3: Compare the obtained average value or maximum value with the previous voltage value. Set the deviation threshold to ±5%, and determine whether the deviation between the two is greater than ±5%. If the deviation is less than ±5%, the process ends, maintaining the original voltage value without subsequent operations; if the deviation is greater than ±5%, it indicates that the battery voltage has changed significantly. At this time, update the battery voltage; S4: Match the updated battery voltage value with the preset voltage - power mapping table to determine the current power level, and the power level includes four states: full charge, normal voltage, low power, and low - power shutdown.

2. The headphone power detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage - power mapping table contains four preset levels, specifically: Full charge state: voltage value ≥ V1, corresponding power percentage is 100% - 81%; Normal voltage: V2 ≤ voltage value < V1, corresponding power percentage is 80% - 20%; Low - power state: V3 ≤ voltage value < V2, corresponding power percentage is 20% - 5%; Shutdown threshold: voltage value < V3, corresponding power percentage is less than 5%; Where V1, V2, and V3 are preset voltage thresholds and V1 > V2 > V3, and the thresholds are dynamically adjusted according to the battery type and usage environment module.

3. The earphone power detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The environment dynamic adjustment module can automatically correct the values of V1, V2, and V3 according to the battery usage duration. The correction formula is: Vx' = Vx×(1 - α×t), where α is the attenuation coefficient and t is the cumulative usage hours.

4. The earphone power detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an exception handling mechanism: when it is detected that the voltage value drops at a rate exceeding the preset safety threshold within a unit time, trigger the emergency protection program.

5. A method for displaying the power of an earphone, using the method for monitoring the power of an earphone according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S5: Send the first power information to the mobile terminal through the HFP protocol, triggering the display of the system - level icon. The first power information includes the power percentage and the battery status identifier; S6: Transmit the second power information to the Android application side through the SPP protocol to achieve in - application visual display. The second power information includes the power percentage, the estimated remaining usage time, and the battery health status; S7: Transmit the third power information to the iOS application side through the BLE protocol to complete cross - platform power synchronization. The third power information includes the power percentage, the battery status characteristic value, and the estimated battery life.

6. The method for displaying the power level of an earphone according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S5, the HFP protocol transmission adopts the AT + XAPL instruction set, and the power information is encoded as a 4 - bit data field.

7. The method for displaying the power level of an earphone according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S6, the SPP protocol transmission includes the power percentage value and the estimated remaining usage time. The time calculation model is: T_remain = (Current_Level / Discharge_Rate)×k Where Discharge_Rate is the historical average discharge rate and k is the correction coefficient.

8. The method for displaying the power level of an earphone according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S7, the BLE protocol adopts a custom GATT service, including: The characteristic value of power percentage; Battery status characteristic value; Estimated battery life characteristic value.

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