Grain depot control system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of automatic control of grain depots, in particular to a grain depot control system which comprises an automatic control decision module, a grain moisture detection module, a temperature and humidity detection module, a ventilation module and a circulation fumigation module. The grain moisture detection module is used for detecting the moisture of grains in the grain storage warehouse and transmitting the detected grain moisture data to the automatic control decision module; the temperature and humidity detection module is used for monitoring the temperature and humidity in the grain storage warehouse and transmitting the detected temperature and humidity data to the automatic control decision module; the ventilation module is used for receiving an instruction of the automatic control decision module and controlling opening and closing of ventilation equipment of the grain storage warehouse; and the circulation fumigation module is used for receiving the instruction of the automatic control decision module and controlling the operation of fumigation equipment. According to the grain depot control system, the grain storage environment is automatically monitored and adjusted, manual dependence is reduced, efficiency and quality are improved, loss is reduced, and intelligent early warning and data analysis support management are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of automatic control of grain storage bins, in particular to a grain storage control system. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of agricultural modernization and the increase in demand for grain reserves, the storage and management of grain depots are becoming increasingly important. Traditional grain depot management mainly relies on manual operations, which has problems such as low efficiency, waste of resources, and grain loss.

[0003] At present, some grain storage control systems have appeared at home and abroad, mainly including grain condition measurement and control systems, mechanical ventilation systems, circulation fumigation systems, and grain cooling and low-temperature grain storage equipment. These systems have improved the safety and efficiency of grain storage to a certain extent, but there are still the following problems: the systems are independent of each other, lack of effective integration and information sharing, resulting in low management efficiency; the existing systems mainly rely on manual operation, cannot achieve real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment, and are not sensitive enough to changes in the grain storage environment; the existing systems do not monitor grain quality, storage environment and other factors comprehensively during grain storage, which easily leads to grain loss and quality degradation.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to study a grain storage control system to achieve real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of the grain storage environment. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention discloses a grain depot control system, aiming to solve the problems of the existing grain depot control system mentioned in the background technology.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A grain depot control system, the system comprises an automatic control decision module, a grain moisture detection module, a temperature and humidity detection module, a ventilation module, and a circulating fumigation module;

[0008] The grain moisture detection module is used to detect the grain moisture in the grain storage warehouse and transmit the detected grain moisture data to the automatic control decision module;

[0009] The temperature and humidity detection module is used to monitor the temperature and humidity in the grain storage warehouse and transmit the detected temperature and humidity data to the automatic control decision module;

[0010] The ventilation module is used to receive instructions from the automatic control decision module to control the opening and closing of the ventilation equipment in the grain storage warehouse;

[0011] The circulating fumigation module is used to receive instructions from the automatic control decision module to control the operation of the fumigation equipment;

[0012] The automatic decision-making module is used to analyze and judge the grain moisture detection module and the temperature and humidity detection module to make decision commands.

[0013] Furthermore, the method for detecting moisture in a grain depot by the grain moisture detection module comprises the following steps:

[0014] S1. Provide a handheld initial value setting instrument for inputting the burial depth and initial moisture value of grain;

[0015] S2, inputting the embedding depth into a data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module converts the embedding depth into grain density according to a preset conversion algorithm;

[0016] S3, burying at least one grain moisture sensor in the grain, wherein the sensor comprises a frequency signal detection unit and a temperature detection unit, which are used to detect the frequency signal and temperature information of the grain respectively;

[0017] S4, the sensor sends the detected frequency signal and temperature information to the data acquisition module;

[0018] S5. After receiving the frequency signal and temperature information, the data acquisition module performs density and temperature compensation, and converts the compensated frequency signal to obtain the moisture value of the grain.

[0019] Furthermore, the temperature and humidity detection module includes an internal environment monitoring unit and an external environment monitoring unit. The internal environment monitoring unit is equipped with a temperature and humidity sensor and an air flow rate sensor for real-time monitoring of the temperature, humidity and air flow rate inside the warehouse; the external environment monitoring unit is equipped with a temperature and humidity sensor and an air pressure sensor for real-time monitoring of the temperature, humidity and air pressure outside the warehouse.

[0020] Furthermore, the ventilation module receives instructions issued by the automatic control decision module after analyzing and judging the grain moisture detection module and the temperature and humidity detection module, and the ventilation module includes a control unit; the control unit automatically controls the opening and closing of windows and fan equipment in the ventilation system.

[0021] Furthermore, the circulating fumigation module includes: a pesticide application control unit, which has two modes of in-bin application and generator application, and can automatically control the application and replenishment of pesticides according to the program setting time, wherein the generator application equipment includes a control module, a decompression vaporization temperature release device, a bus, a gas flow meter, a solenoid valve, etc., and has an automatic power failure protection function; a circulating fan control unit, which is used to control the start and stop of the circulating fan, realize the circulation distribution of the gas, and can respond to the monitoring host command to control the power status of the circulating fan through the relay; a PH3 concentration detection unit, including a multi-channel circulating detection tube and a PH3 The sensor is used to detect the gas concentration at different locations in the warehouse and send the data to the host computer through the wireless network; the remote monitoring unit can display the status of each control module and the gas concentration data in the warehouse in real time, record the concentration and measurement time of PH3, and adjust the pesticide application device and circulation fan according to the data; the automatic alarm unit automatically triggers the alarm when it detects that the PH3 concentration exceeds the preset safety threshold, and sends the alarm information to the host computer and / or on-site personnel through remote communication, and automatically initiates emergency measures, such as stopping the application and circulation operation, and turning on the ventilation equipment to ensure the safety of on-site personnel and food safety. The intelligent circulation fumigation system realizes wireless remote control and real-time detection of each component unit by introducing advanced electronic technology, and automatically controls the fumigation fan and the opening and closing of windows according to the detection data to reduce the participation of on-site personnel, improve operational safety, and reduce the harm of circulation fumigation to food and people.

[0022] Furthermore, the calculation formula of the grain moisture value M is as follows:

[0023] M=M0+(F-F0)*K d +(T-T0)*K t

[0024] in:

[0025] f is the frequency signal measured by the sensor

[0026] T is the measured temperature information

[0027] F0 is the frequency signal under certain standard conditions (such as specific temperature and density)

[0028] T0 is the standard temperature

[0029] M is the calculated moisture value

[0030] M0 is the moisture value under standard conditions;

[0031] K d is the water density compensation coefficient corresponding to the frequency signal;

[0032] K t is the moisture compensation coefficient corresponding to temperature;

[0033] Furthermore, the control method of the ventilation module by the automatic control decision module includes the following steps:

[0034] a. Collect indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity data and grain moisture content data in real time through grain moisture detection module and temperature and humidity detection module;

[0035] b. Then, based on the collected indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity data and grain moisture content data and the set threshold value, threshold judgment is performed;

[0036] c. If the threshold conditions are met, use the prediction formula to calculate the indoor temperature and humidity after ventilation;

[0037] d. Decide whether to start ventilation based on the result of the decision function;

[0038] Furthermore, the threshold value is determined as:

[0039] When the indoor temperature is higher than the outdoor temperature plus the temperature difference threshold (T in >T out +ΔT th ), or the indoor humidity is higher than the outdoor humidity plus the humidity difference threshold (H in >H out +ΔH th ), or the grain moisture content is higher than the set upper threshold (M>M th ), consider ventilation;

[0040] The prediction formula is: in1 =T in -k(T in -T out )

[0041] H in1 =H in -k(H in -H out )

[0042] T in1 To predict the ventilation temperature;

[0043] H in1 To predict humidity after ventilation.

[0044] e. Combining threshold judgment and predictive control, when the threshold conditions are met and the predicted indoor temperature and humidity after ventilation are lower than or equal to the corresponding outdoor values, the automatic control decision module controls the ventilation module to start ventilation (F=1); otherwise, ventilation is not started (F=0).

[0045] Compared with the prior art, it has the following improvements and advantages:

[0046] 1. A grain depot control system proposed by the present invention is provided with an automatic control decision module, a grain moisture detection module, a temperature and humidity detection module, a ventilation module, and a circulation fumigation module; the grain moisture detection module monitors the grain moisture and the temperature and humidity inside and outside the warehouse in real time in the grain moisture detection module and the temperature and humidity detection module and feeds back to the automatic control decision module. Under the judgment of the automatic control decision module, the ventilation module can be controlled to open the ventilation equipment to ventilate the grain depot. At the same time, the automatic control module can perform fumigation operations on the grain in the grain storage warehouse according to the preset circulation fumigation module. The system of the present invention adopts automation technology to reduce the dependence on manual operation, realize real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment, and can respond quickly to changes in the grain storage environment. Secondly, the system can comprehensively monitor multiple factors such as grain quality and storage environment, and timely regulate the operation of relevant modules and control equipment in the system through sensors and data analysis to ensure the quality of grain; in addition, the system has an early warning function, which can issue an alarm in time when the grain storage environment is abnormal, and automatically take adjustment measures to prevent grain mildew and insect pests. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 A grain storage control system, the system includes an automatic control decision module, a grain moisture detection module, a temperature and humidity detection module, a ventilation module, and a circulating fumigation module; the grain moisture detection module is used to detect the grain moisture in the grain storage warehouse and transmit the detected grain moisture data to the automatic control decision module; the temperature and humidity detection module is used to monitor the temperature and humidity in the grain storage warehouse and transmit the detected temperature and humidity data to the automatic control decision module; the ventilation module is used to receive instructions from the automatic control decision module and control the opening and closing of the ventilation equipment in the grain storage warehouse; the circulating fumigation module is used to receive instructions from the automatic control decision module and control the operation of the fumigation equipment, and the automatic decision module is used to analyze and judge the grain moisture detection module and the temperature and humidity detection module to make decision commands.

[0050] The method for detecting moisture in a grain depot by the grain moisture detection module includes the following steps:

[0051] S1. Provide a handheld initial value setting instrument for inputting the burial depth and initial moisture value of grain;

[0052] S2, input the embedding depth into the data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module converts the embedding depth into grain body density ρ according to a preset conversion algorithm;

[0053] S3, burying at least one grain moisture sensor in the grain, wherein the sensor comprises a frequency signal detection unit and a temperature detection unit, which are used to detect the frequency signal f and temperature information T of the grain respectively;

[0054] S4, the sensor sends the detected frequency signal and temperature information to the data acquisition module;

[0055] S5. After receiving the frequency signal and temperature information, the data acquisition module performs density and temperature compensation, and converts the compensated frequency signal to obtain the moisture value of the grain.

[0056] Among them, the temperature and humidity detection module includes an internal environment monitoring unit and an external environment monitoring unit. The internal environment monitoring unit is equipped with a temperature and humidity sensor and an air flow rate sensor for real-time monitoring of the temperature, humidity and air flow rate inside the warehouse; the external environment monitoring unit is equipped with a temperature and humidity sensor and an air pressure sensor for real-time monitoring of the temperature, humidity and air pressure outside the warehouse.

[0057] Among them, the ventilation module receives the instructions issued by the automatic control decision module after analyzing and judging the grain moisture detection module and the temperature and humidity detection module. The ventilation module includes a control unit; the control unit automatically controls the opening and closing of windows and fan equipment in the ventilation system.

[0058] The circulating fumigation module includes: a pesticide application control unit, which has two modes of application: in-bin application and generator application, and can automatically control the application and replenishment of pesticides according to the program setting time. The generator application equipment includes a control module, a decompression vaporization temperature release device, a bus, a gas flow meter, a solenoid valve, etc., and has an automatic power failure protection function; a circulating fan control unit, which is used to control the start and stop of the circulating fan to realize the circulation distribution of the gas, and can respond to the command of the monitoring host to control the power status of the circulating fan through the relay; a PH3 concentration detection unit, including a multi-channel circulating detection tube and a PH3 sensor The device is used to detect the gas concentration at different positions in the warehouse and send the data to the host computer through the wireless network; the remote monitoring unit can display the status of each control module and the gas concentration data in the warehouse in real time, record the PH3 concentration and measurement time, and adjust the pesticide application device and circulation fan according to the data; the automatic alarm unit automatically triggers the alarm when it detects that the PH3 concentration exceeds the preset safety threshold, and sends the alarm information to the host computer and / or on-site personnel through remote communication, and automatically starts emergency measures, such as stopping the application and circulation operation, and turning on the ventilation equipment, to ensure the safety of on-site personnel and food safety.

[0059] The calculation formula of grain moisture value M is as follows:

[0060] M=M0+(F-F0)*K d +(T-T0)*K t

[0061] in:

[0062] f is the frequency signal measured by the sensor

[0063] T is the measured temperature information

[0064] F0 is the frequency signal under certain standard conditions (such as specific temperature and density)

[0065] T0 is the standard temperature

[0066] M is the calculated moisture value

[0067] M0 is the moisture value under standard conditions

[0068] K d is the moisture density compensation coefficient corresponding to the frequency signal

[0069] K t is the moisture compensation coefficient corresponding to temperature

[0070] F0, T0, M0, K d , K t It can be obtained by fitting experimental data or provided by the sensor manufacturer.

[0071] The method for controlling the ventilation module by the automatic control decision module includes the following steps:

[0072] a. Collect indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity data and grain moisture content data in real time through grain moisture detection module and temperature and humidity detection module;

[0073] b. Then, based on the collected indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity data and grain moisture content data and the set threshold, the threshold is judged: when the indoor temperature is higher than the outdoor temperature plus the temperature difference threshold (T in >T out +ΔT th ), or the indoor humidity is higher than the outdoor humidity plus the humidity difference threshold (H in >H out +ΔH th ), or the grain moisture content is higher than the set upper threshold (M>M th ), consider ventilation;

[0074] c. If the threshold conditions are met, use the prediction formula to calculate the indoor temperature and humidity after ventilation;

[0075] The prediction formula is: T in1 =T in-k(T in -T out )

[0076] H in1 =H in -k(H in -H out )

[0077] T in1 To predict the ventilation temperature

[0078] H in1 To predict humidity after ventilation

[0079] d. Combining threshold judgment and predictive control, when the threshold conditions are met and the predicted indoor temperature and humidity after ventilation are lower than or equal to the corresponding outdoor values, the automatic control decision module controls the ventilation module to start ventilation (F=1); otherwise, ventilation is not started (F=0).

[0080] It should be noted that the temperature difference threshold ΔT th , Humidity difference threshold ΔH th , the upper limit threshold of grain moisture M thIt can be determined in the following ways: 1. Grain types and storage conditions. Different grain types and storage conditions have different sensitivities to temperature and humidity. For example, some grains are more sensitive to changes in humidity, while others are more sensitive to changes in temperature. Therefore, it is necessary to first understand the characteristics of the stored grain and the optimal storage conditions. 2. Climate conditions. Climate conditions have a great impact on the temperature and humidity in the warehouse. In humid or hot areas, the humidity and temperature in the warehouse may be higher, so it is necessary to set lower humidity difference thresholds and temperature difference thresholds to avoid moisture or mold in the grain. On the contrary, in dry or cold areas, higher thresholds can be set. 3. Warehouse characteristics. The building materials, thermal insulation performance, ventilation facilities, etc. of the warehouse will affect the changes in temperature and humidity in the warehouse. Therefore, when determining the threshold, the specific characteristics of the warehouse need to be considered. For example, warehouses with better thermal insulation performance can appropriately relax the threshold, while warehouses with poor ventilation facilities need to set lower thresholds. 4. The efficiency of the ventilation system. The efficiency of the ventilation system directly affects the degree of reduction in temperature and humidity in the warehouse after ventilation. An efficient ventilation system can reduce the temperature and humidity in the warehouse to a lower level in a shorter time, so the threshold can be appropriately relaxed. Conversely, a less efficient ventilation system requires a lower threshold to ensure ventilation effectiveness. 5. Experiments and data analysis. It is an effective method to determine the threshold through experiments and data analysis. Ventilation experiments can be carried out under different conditions, and the changes in temperature and humidity and grain quality before and after ventilation can be recorded. Then the data can be analyzed to determine the optimal threshold range. 6. Experience and industry standards. Drawing on the ventilation management experience and industry standards of other warehouses is also an effective way to determine the threshold. You can refer to the ventilation strategies, threshold settings and actual effects of similar warehouses, and then make adjustments based on your own actual situation. 7. Flexible adjustment. It should be noted that the threshold is not fixed, but needs to be flexibly adjusted according to actual conditions. For example, when the seasons change or the climate conditions change significantly, the threshold may need to be re-evaluated and adjusted to adapt to the new environment.

[0081] Example: Example 1:

[0082] After the system is started, the automatic control decision module is initialized. According to different types of grains and storage conditions, the monitoring thresholds and operating parameters in the preset algorithm of the system need to be adjusted to establish the monitoring thresholds of grain moisture and temperature and humidity. The grain moisture detection module and the temperature and humidity detection module start working, collect data in real time and transmit it to the automatic control decision module. The automatic control decision module analyzes and calculates the collected data to determine whether ventilation needs to be started. If ventilation is required, the automatic control decision module sends an opening and closing instruction to the ventilation module, and the ventilation module executes the instruction to turn on or off the ventilation equipment. During ventilation, the automatic control decision module continuously monitors the changes in grain moisture and temperature and humidity, and adjusts the ventilation intensity according to the changes. After the operation is completed, the automatic control decision module records the operation data for subsequent analysis and optimization. In addition, the number of grain fumigation times, duration and other parameters can be set in the system. The automatic control decision module will automatically control the circulation fumigation module to control the corresponding equipment to fumigate the grain according to the set content.

[0083] (1) Threshold determination

[0084] When the indoor temperature is higher than the outdoor temperature plus the temperature difference threshold (T in >T out +ΔT th ), or the indoor humidity is higher than the outdoor humidity plus the humidity difference threshold (H in >H out +ΔH th ), or the grain moisture content is higher than the set upper threshold (M>M th ), consider ventilation;

[0085] (2) Predictive control

[0086] Use the ventilation efficiency coefficient k to predict the indoor temperature and humidity after ventilation;

[0087] The prediction formula is: T in1 =T in -k(T in -T out )

[0088] H in1 =H in -k(H in -H out )

[0089] T in1 To predict the ventilation temperature

[0090] H in1 To predict humidity after ventilation

[0091] Combined with threshold judgment and predictive control, ventilation is started (F=1) when the threshold conditions are met and the predicted indoor temperature and humidity after ventilation are both lower than or equal to the corresponding outdoor values.

[0092] Otherwise, ventilation is not activated (F=0).

[0093] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grain depot control system, characterized in that: The system includes an automatic control decision module, a grain moisture detection module, a temperature and humidity detection module, a ventilation module, and a circulating fumigation module; The grain moisture detection module is used to detect the grain moisture in the grain storage warehouse and transmit the detected grain moisture data to the automatic control decision module; The temperature and humidity detection module is used to monitor the temperature and humidity in the grain storage warehouse and transmit the detected temperature and humidity data to the automatic control decision module; The ventilation module is used to receive instructions from the automatic control decision module to control the opening and closing of the ventilation equipment in the grain storage warehouse; The circulating fumigation module is used to receive instructions from the automatic control decision module to control the operation of the fumigation equipment; The automatic decision-making module is used to analyze and judge the grain moisture detection module and the temperature and humidity detection module to make decision commands.

2. A grain storage control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for detecting moisture in a grain depot by the grain moisture detection module comprises the following steps: S1. Provide a handheld initial value setting instrument for inputting the burial depth and initial moisture value of grain; S2, inputting the embedding depth into a data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module converts the embedding depth into a grain body density D according to a preset conversion algorithm; S3, burying at least one grain moisture sensor in the grain, wherein the sensor includes a frequency signal detection unit and a temperature detection unit, which are used to detect the frequency signal F and temperature information T of the grain respectively; S4, the sensor sends the detected frequency signal F and temperature information T to the data acquisition module; S5. After receiving the frequency signal F and the temperature information D, the data acquisition module performs density and temperature compensation, and obtains the grain moisture value M according to the compensated frequency signal.

3. A grain depot control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature and humidity detection module includes an internal environment monitoring unit and an external environment monitoring unit. The internal environment monitoring unit is equipped with a temperature and humidity sensor and an air flow rate sensor for real-time monitoring of the temperature, humidity and air flow rate inside the warehouse; the external environment monitoring unit is equipped with a temperature and humidity sensor and an air pressure sensor for real-time monitoring of the temperature, humidity and air pressure outside the warehouse.

4. A grain storage control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ventilation module receives instructions issued by the automatic control decision module after analyzing and judging the grain moisture detection module and the temperature and humidity detection module. The ventilation module includes a control unit; the control unit automatically controls the opening and closing of windows and fan equipment in the ventilation system.

5. A grain storage control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The circulating fumigation module comprises: The pesticide application control unit has two modes: in-bin application and generator application. It can automatically control the application and replenishment of pesticides according to the program setting time. The generator application equipment includes a control module, a decompression vaporization temperature release device, a bus, a gas flow meter, a solenoid valve, and has an automatic power failure protection function; The circulation fan control unit is used to control the start and stop of the circulation fan to achieve the circulation distribution of the gas, and can respond to the command of the monitoring host to control the power status of the circulation fan through the relay; PH3 concentration detection unit, including multi-channel circulation detection tubes and PH3 sensors, is used to detect gas concentrations at different locations in the warehouse and send data to the host computer through a wireless network; the remote monitoring unit can display the status of each control module and the gas concentration data in the warehouse in real time, record the PH3 concentration and measurement time, and adjust the pesticide application device and circulation fan according to the data; The automatic alarm unit automatically triggers an alarm when it detects that the PH3 concentration exceeds the preset safety threshold, sends an alarm message to the host computer and / or on-site personnel through remote communication, and automatically initiates emergency measures.

6. A grain depot control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the grain moisture value M is as follows: M=M0+(F-F0)*K d +(T-T0)*K t in: F is the frequency signal measured by the sensor T is the measured temperature information F0 is the frequency signal under certain standard conditions (such as specific temperature and density) and T0 is the standard temperature M is the calculated moisture value M0 is the moisture value under standard conditions K d is the moisture density compensation coefficient corresponding to the frequency signal K t is the moisture compensation coefficient corresponding to temperature.

7. A grain storage control system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method for controlling the ventilation module by the automatic control decision module comprises the following steps: a. Collect indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity data and grain moisture content data in real time through grain moisture detection module and temperature and humidity detection module; b. Then, based on the collected indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity data and grain moisture content data and the set threshold value, threshold judgment is performed; c. If the threshold conditions are met, use the prediction formula to calculate the indoor temperature and humidity after ventilation; e. Combining threshold judgment and predictive control, when the threshold conditions are met and the predicted indoor temperature and humidity after ventilation are lower than or equal to the corresponding outdoor values, the automatic control decision module controls the ventilation module to start ventilation (F=1); otherwise, ventilation is not started (F=0).

8. A grain depot control system according to claim, characterized in that: The threshold value is determined as: When the indoor temperature is higher than the outdoor temperature plus the temperature difference threshold (T in >T out +ΔT th ), or the indoor humidity is higher than the outdoor humidity plus the humidity difference threshold (H in >H out +ΔH th ), or the grain moisture content is higher than the set upper threshold (M>M th ), consider ventilation; The prediction formula is: in1 =T in -k(T in -T out ) H in1 =H in -k(H in -H out ) T in1 To predict the ventilation temperature H in1 To predict humidity after ventilation.

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