Device and method for simulating side soil pressure of enclosure structure

Abstract

The invention discloses an enclosure structure side soil pressure simulation device and method.The enclosure structure side soil pressure simulation device comprises a frame assembly and a plurality of simulation assemblies, each simulation assembly comprises a plurality of side soil pressure simulation assemblies, and the side soil pressure simulation assemblies are arranged on the frame assembly; each side soil pressure simulation assembly comprises an elastic part, and the simulation assemblies are located on the two opposite sides of the enclosure structure and apply pressure to the enclosure structure through the elastic parts. The building envelope and the simulation assembly are combined with the frame assembly to form a physical model device, the static soil pressure acting on the building envelope is effectively simulated through an elastic part in the simulation assembly, the stress characteristics of the building envelope are conveniently analyzed, and therefore supporting optimization design is guided, and the safety and stability problems of a foundation pit are solved; response of the simulation assembly is displayed in real time, and the device can be used as a teaching scheme to visually demonstrate the principle of pile-soil interaction and the principle of foundation pit excavation deformation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of foundation pit support for building construction, and in particular to a device and method for simulating the lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure. Background Art

[0002] In the current construction process, foundation pits are developing towards larger scale, greater depth, and more complex surrounding environment. Deep and large foundation pits often have large and complex deformations, and the interaction between piles and soil is more significant. The stress transfer and deformation between the retaining structure and the surrounding soil are in dynamic balance, which makes the foundation pit support design more difficult, resulting in safety hazards in deep and large foundation pits.

[0003] At present, calculation methods such as the elastic support method and the continuous medium finite element method are often used to analyze foundation pit support structures. In the elastic support method, the simplified retaining structure is a vertical elastic foundation beam, and the Winkel foundation spring is used on the inside of the structure. The structural deformation, support reaction force, outer horizontal resistance and structural internal force are obtained by solving the deflection curve differential equation, but the fourth-order constant coefficient linear non-homogeneous deflection curve differential equation is complex or even unsolvable, and the rear load of the structure is applied according to the known active earth pressure, which is inconsistent with the actual pile-soil interaction; in the continuous medium finite element method, the calculation parameters are difficult to determine accurately, and suitable constitutive models need to be used for different materials. The parameters of some advanced constitutive models often require special experiments to determine the parameters, and the process is complicated. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present application proposes a device for simulating the lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure, which can simulate the pile-soil interaction under actual conditions in the form of a physical model.

[0005] The present application also proposes a method for simulating the side earth pressure of a retaining structure having the above-mentioned device for simulating the side earth pressure of a retaining structure.

[0006] According to the device for simulating side earth pressure of a retaining structure of the first aspect of the present application, the device for simulating side earth pressure of a retaining structure comprises a frame assembly and a plurality of simulation assemblies, each of the simulation assemblies comprises a plurality of side earth pressure simulation assemblies, the side earth pressure simulation assemblies are arranged on the frame assembly, the side earth pressure simulation assemblies comprise elastic components, each of the simulation assemblies is located at opposite sides of the retaining structure, and applies pressure to the retaining structure through the elastic components.

[0007] The device for simulating the lateral earth pressure of the retaining structure according to the embodiment of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: a physical model device is formed by combining the retaining structure, the simulation component and the frame component, so that the elastic components in the simulation component can effectively simulate the lateral earth pressure acting on the retaining structure, which is convenient for analyzing the force characteristics of the retaining structure, thereby guiding the support optimization design and solving the safety and stability problems of the foundation pit; the response of the simulation component is displayed in real time, which can be used as a teaching plan to intuitively demonstrate the principles of pile-soil interaction and the deformation principles of foundation pit excavation.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present application, the lateral earth pressure simulation assembly also includes a cylinder and a resistance component, the elastic component is arranged in the inner cavity of the cylinder; the first end of the resistance component is in the inner cavity of the cylinder and contacts the elastic component; the second end of the resistance component extends out of the cylinder and is used to contact the surrounding structure.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present application, the elastic component is a nonlinear spring.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present application, the outer diameter of the elastic component near the end is smaller than the outer diameter of the elastic component near the middle section, and the pitch of the elastic component near the end is smaller than the pitch of the elastic component near the middle section.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present application, the frame assembly includes support frames located on opposite sides of the enclosing structure, the cylinder is provided with an extension component, and the cylinder is inserted into the support frame through the extension component so that the lateral earth pressure simulation assembly is slidably connected to the support frame.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, the simulation components are distributed vertically on the support frame.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, the simulation component also includes a force transmission component and a connecting component, and the force transmission component is connected to each of the lateral earth pressure simulation components through the connecting component; the frame assembly includes a fixed frame, and the force transmission component is arranged on the fixed frame, and applies pre-pressure to the lateral earth pressure simulation component through movement.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the force transmission component includes a sensing component and a driving component, the sensing component is connected to the driving component and the connecting component, the sensing component is used to monitor the axial force; the driving component is connected to the fixed frame, and the driving component is used to drive the simulation component close to the enclosure structure, or away from the enclosure structure.

[0015] According to the second aspect of the present application, the method for simulating the side earth pressure of a retaining structure is applied to the above-mentioned device for simulating the side earth pressure of a retaining structure. The method for simulating the side earth pressure of a retaining structure includes:

[0016] The strain gauges are pasted on the enclosure structure and arranged vertically along the depth direction;

[0017] Assembling the frame assembly and a plurality of simulation assemblies into a lateral earth pressure simulation device for a retaining structure;

[0018] Determine the static earth pressure based on the length of the retaining structure and calculate the equivalent node load P N , and obtain the required compression of the elastic component δ0-δ a , simulate the compression amount of the component moving toward the enclosure structure δ0-δ a The displacement reaches the equivalent initial static earth pressure σ0;

[0019] The retaining structure side soil pressure simulation device is equipped with various sensors, which are connected to data acquisition equipment;

[0020] Carry out excavation simulation and support simulation.

[0021] The method for simulating the side earth pressure of the retaining structure according to the embodiment of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: a physical model device is formed by combining the retaining structure, the simulation component and the frame component, so that the elastic components in the simulation component can effectively simulate the static earth pressure acting on the retaining structure; excavation unloading is achieved by disassembling the local elastic component matrix, and then the simulation component will automatically adjust to monitor and record the complex stress and deformation conditions between the soil and the structure; the support is installed by installing the elastic component, and the axial force changes of the support are monitored and recorded; the retaining structure side earth pressure simulation device can be used to achieve scaled testing, which is low-cost and economical, easy and quick to operate, and the simulation phenomenon can be observed intuitively.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present application, the excavation simulation and support simulation include:

[0023] The lateral earth pressure simulation component uses nonlinear elastic components, and some lateral earth pressure simulation components are disassembled from top to bottom to form a unloading effect;

[0024] When the retaining structure is in the state of deviating from the side earth pressure simulation component, if the displacement of the elastic component is between the active limit displacement and the static earth pressure displacement, the pressure effect of the retaining structure is reduced. If the displacement of the elastic component is less than the active limit displacement, there is no pressure effect on the retaining structure. In actual engineering, there is no contact between the soil and the retaining structure, and cracks exist.

[0025] When the retaining structure is in the situation of biasing the lateral earth pressure simulation component, if the displacement of the elastic component is between the static earth pressure displacement and the passive limit displacement, the pressure effect of the retaining structure increases. When the displacement reaches the ultimate passive limit displacement, the pressure effect of the retaining structure is the maximum.

[0026] The stiffness and depth of the simulated support are calculated according to the scale, and the simulation components are assembled at the depth of the simulated support. The lateral soil pressure simulation components use linear elastic components to simulate the constraint effect of the support.

[0027] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the technical solution disclosed in the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments disclosed in the present application, they are used to explain the technical solution disclosed in the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution disclosed in the present application.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for simulating the side earth pressure of a retaining structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the simulation components in the device for simulating the side earth pressure of the retaining structure according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a lateral earth pressure simulation component in a lateral earth pressure simulation device for a retaining structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a front view of the elastic component in the side earth pressure simulation device of the enclosure structure according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a characteristic curve diagram of the elastic component in the side earth pressure simulation device of the enclosure structure of the embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 6 An exploded view of a device for simulating side earth pressure of a retaining structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 7 An exploded view of a simulation component in a device for simulating side earth pressure of a retaining structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of excavation simulation in the method for simulating the side earth pressure of the retaining structure in the embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of support simulation in the method for simulating lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Fig.10 This is a monitoring data diagram of the side earth pressure simulation method of the retaining structure in the embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Reference numerals:

[0040] Enclosure 100;

[0041] Frame assembly 200; support frame 201; transparent frame 202; base 203; fixed frame 204;

[0042] Simulation component 300; lateral earth pressure simulation component 301; elastic component 302; force transmission component 303; connection component 304;

[0043] First protective tube 401; second protective tube 402; abutment component 403; rubber pad 404; extension component 405;

[0044] Sensing component 501; threaded push rod 502; end groove component 503; knob 504. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0046] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientation, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0047] In the description of this application, "several" means more than one, "more" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed", etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above", "below", "within", etc. are understood to include the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0048] In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0049] In the description of the present application, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0050] The present application simulates the lateral earth pressure of the retaining structure by pile-soil interaction. Pile-soil interaction refers to the process of mutual stress transmission and coordinated deformation between the pile and the surrounding soil. Due to the complex mechanical behavior of the soil, there is a complex coupling effect between the pile and the soil. The intuitive manifestation is that the lateral displacement of the pile and the lateral earth pressure it receives present a nonlinear relationship. The retaining structure refers to the retaining and protective structure used in projects such as foundation pits and cofferdams. It can be in the form of cast-in-place piles, mixing piles, steel sheet piles, and underground continuous walls. The force of the soil surrounding the retaining structure 100 acting on the surface of the structure is the lateral earth pressure.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a device for simulating soil pressure on the side of a retaining structure, and the device comprises a frame assembly 200 and a plurality of simulation assemblies 300. The frame assembly 200 is used to support each simulation assembly 300. In actual use, there is pressure exerted by the soil on both sides of the retaining structure 100. The device of the present application fully simulates the working environment of the retaining structure 100, and the simulation assembly 300 exerts pressure on the retaining structure 100 on both sides of the retaining structure 100.

[0052] In some examples, such as Figure 2 As shown, the enclosure structure lateral earth pressure simulation device includes a plurality of simulation components 300, and each simulation component 300 includes a plurality of lateral earth pressure simulation components 301. Specifically, each simulation component 300 includes three lateral earth pressure simulation components 301, and each lateral earth pressure simulation component 301 maintains a horizontal state.

[0053] The side earth pressure simulation components 301 are arranged on the frame component 200 and have a certain position on the frame component 200. Since the simulation components 300 are located on opposite sides of the enclosure structure 100, the side earth pressure simulation components 301 are also located on opposite sides of the enclosure structure 100.

[0054] Furthermore, the lateral earth pressure simulation component 301 includes an elastic component 302 , and each lateral earth pressure simulation component 301 applies pressure to the retaining structure 100 through the elastic component 302 , thereby simulating the lateral earth pressure on the retaining structure 100 .

[0055] In some examples, such as Figure 3 As shown, the lateral earth pressure simulation component 301 also includes a cylinder. The cylinder includes a first casing 401 and a second casing 402. The openings of the first casing 401 and the second casing 402 are connected to each other, so that the interior of the cylinder forms a relatively closed inner cavity, and the elastic component 302 exists in the inner cavity of the cylinder. Specifically, in the cylinder, relative to the first casing 401, the second casing 402 is closer to the enclosure structure 100.

[0056] Furthermore, the lateral earth pressure simulation component 301 further includes a resistance component 403 , which is substantially formed as a rod-shaped structure, and the resistance component 403 has a first end and a second end.

[0057] At the same time, the first end of the resistance component 403 is in the inner cavity of the cylinder, and an end bearing plate is provided at the first end of the resistance component 403. It can be understood that the shape of the end bearing plate is set according to the shape of the inner cavity of the cylinder, and the resistance component 403 contacts the elastic component 302 through the end bearing plate.

[0058] In addition, a hole structure is provided at the end of the second casing 402, and the second end of the abutting component 403 extends out of the cylinder along the hole structure, so that the abutting component 403 and the cylinder are slidably connected. The elastic component 302 transmits the elastic force to the abutting component 403, and the second end of the abutting component 403 finally transmits the force to the enclosure structure 100, thereby simulating the lateral soil pressure.

[0059] Specifically, in order to ensure that the contact relationship between the resistance component 403 and the enclosure structure 100 is more stable, a buffer component is provided at the second end of the resistance component 403. The buffer component can be a rubber pad 404. The rubber pad 404 is used to increase the friction between the resistance component 403 and the enclosure structure 100 to ensure that there will not be excessive misalignment and sliding during the force transmission process.

[0060] In some examples, the elastic component 302 is a nonlinear elastic component 302, specifically, the elastic component 302 is a nonlinear spring. The nonlinear elastic component 302 can more accurately simulate the pressure of the side soil on the enclosure structure 100, thereby ensuring the simulation effect.

[0061] In some examples, such as Figure 4 As shown, when the elastic component 302 adopts a nonlinear spring, the outer diameter of the elastic component 302 near the end is smaller than the outer diameter of the elastic component 302 near the middle section, and the elastic component 302 is formed into a "shuttle-shaped" structure of "small at both ends and large in the middle". At the same time, the pitch of the elastic component 302 near the end is smaller than the pitch of the elastic component 302 near the middle section.

[0062] Furthermore, if Figure 4As shown in the figure, the nonlinear spring is a special-shaped spring with variable stiffness. The combined design of spiral shape, variable pitch and variable outer diameter can reflect the nonlinear relationship between load and displacement, thereby effectively simulating the nonlinear characteristics of soil stress and deformation. Figure 5 As shown, δ a is the active limit displacement, δ0 is the static earth pressure displacement, δ p is the passive limit displacement, P a is δ a The reaction force of the nonlinear spring under δ0, P0 is the reaction force of the nonlinear spring under δ0, P p is δ p The reaction force of the lower nonlinear spring.

[0063] Among them, the nonlinear characteristics are manifested in two stages: one stage is the hardening stage where the stiffness increases with the increase of displacement, which corresponds to the active stage of the soil, that is, Figure 5 The concave stage of the middle curve, during which the lateral earth pressure evolves from the active limit earth pressure to the static earth pressure with a trend of increasing difficulty in displacement; the other stage is the softening stage in which the stiffness decreases with increasing displacement, corresponding to the passive stage of the soil, that is, Figure 5 In the convex stage of the middle curve, during this process, the earth pressure evolves from the static earth pressure to the passive limit earth pressure with a trend of becoming increasingly easy to displace, and the overall curve presents an S-shaped nonlinearity.

[0064] It is worth noting that compared with linear springs, nonlinear springs are more advantageous because the mechanical properties of soil are more complex, but linear springs are linear elastic. Linear elasticity means that force and deformation are in equal proportion. The force-deformation characteristics of linear elasticity obviously cannot reflect the actual law and cannot simulate soil. Nonlinear springs present a nonlinear relationship between load and displacement due to their variable stiffness characteristics. They are obviously more suitable for simulating the nonlinear characteristics of soil, and can show excellent performance in foundation pit design optimization and the reflection of pile-soil interaction principles.

[0065] Specifically, the nonlinear component may also adopt a model of a variable stiffness rubber, a damper, etc. that is related to the deformation amount.

[0066] In some examples, such as Figure 6 As described above, the frame assembly 200 includes support frames 201 located on opposite sides of the enclosure structure 100. The support frames 201 are placed upright and are roughly formed into a plate-like structure. When each simulation component 300 is arranged on two support frames 201, each simulation component 300 is located on opposite sides of the enclosure structure 100.

[0067] Furthermore, the frame assembly 200 also includes two transparent frames 202. The two supporting frames 201 and the two transparent frames 202 enclose a simulation space, and the enclosure structure 100 is located in the simulation space.

[0068] The transparent frame 202 is made of tempered glass, which has the characteristics of high strength and strong light transmittance, so that the staff can intuitively observe the changes of the enclosure structure 100 through the transparent frame 202 .

[0069] In addition, the frame assembly 200 also includes a base 203, and each supporting frame 201 and each transparent frame 202 are arranged on the base 203. There is a height-controllable rubber cushion layer at the bottom of the base 203, which can keep the entire frame assembly 200 level and stable.

[0070] Specifically, the enclosure structure 100 is suspended on the top of the base 203 , and is not fixed and contactless in the center of the simulation space. During the whole process, the enclosure structure 100 only contacts and interacts with a number of lateral earth pressure simulation components 301 .

[0071] At the same time, in order to ensure that the lateral earth pressure simulation component 301 can be installed on the support frame 201, the support frame 201 is provided with a plurality of hole structures. The first cylinder is provided with an extension component 405, and the extension component 405 extends in a direction away from the enclosure structure 100. The lateral earth pressure simulation component 301 is plugged into the hole structure of the support frame 201 through the extension component 405, so that the lateral earth pressure simulation component 301 is slidably connected with the support frame 201.

[0072] In some examples, the distribution of the hole structures on the support frame 201 determines the distribution of the earth pressure simulation components 301 on each side. Specifically, the hole structures are distributed in a rectangular array on the support frame 201, so that the earth pressure simulation components 301 on each side are distributed on the support frame 201 up and down.

[0073] In some examples, such as Figure 7 As shown, the simulation component 300 further includes a force transmission component 303 and a connecting component 304 , and the force transmission component 303 is connected to the soil pressure simulation components 301 on each side through the connecting component 304 .

[0074] At the same time, the frame assembly 200 also includes a fixed frame 204, and the force transmission assembly 303 is arranged on the fixed frame 204, and can move closer to the enclosure structure 100 or move away from the enclosure structure 100 on the fixed frame 204. As the force transmission assembly 303 approaches the enclosure structure 100, the force transmission assembly 303 drives the soil pressure simulation assemblies 301 on each side connected to the connecting component 304 to approach the enclosure structure 100 together, so that the soil pressure simulation assemblies 301 on each side contact the enclosure structure 100, and each elastic component 302 is deformed, that is, the force transmission assembly 303 can apply pre-pressure to the soil pressure simulation assemblies 301 on each side.

[0075] In some examples, the force transmission assembly 303 includes a sensing component 501 and a driving component. The sensing component 501 is threadedly connected to the connecting component 304 , and each extension component 405 is also threadedly connected to the connecting component 304 .

[0076] Furthermore, the driving assembly includes an end slot component 503 and a threaded push rod 502 and a knob 504 that are connected to each other. The end slot component 503 is connected to the sensing component 501 and is provided with a slot structure facing the threaded push rod 502 .

[0077] The threaded push rod 502 is threadedly connected to the fixed frame 204, a knob 504 is provided at the first end of the threaded push rod 502, and the second end of the threaded push rod 502 is inserted into the groove structure, and the groove structure does not limit the rotation of the threaded push rod 502. As the knob 504 and the threaded push rod 502 rotate, the threaded push rod 502 moves under the action of the threaded connection, thereby driving the simulation component 300 to approach the enclosure 100, or move away from the enclosure 100.

[0078] In some examples, the components used for monitoring in the device include a sensing component 501, a strain sensor, and a displacement sensor. Specifically, the sensing component 501 is an S-type force sensor. The sensing component 501 is used to monitor the axial force transmitted by the connecting component 304. Several sensing components 501 are connected to a three-party data acquisition instrument to monitor the electrical signal in real time.

[0079] Furthermore, the strain sensor uses a 2×3mm strain gauge closely attached to the surface of the enclosure structure 100, and is connected to a three-party data acquisition instrument to monitor the vertical strain of the nodes on both sides of the enclosure structure 100 in real time.

[0080] At the same time, the displacement sensor uses a laser displacement device, which is connected to a three-party data acquisition instrument to monitor the horizontal displacement of the enclosure structure 100 in real time. The three-party data acquisition instrument is connected to a computer to record the force, strain and horizontal displacement data of the nodes of the enclosure structure 100.

[0081] Based on the above-mentioned device for simulating the side earth pressure of a retaining structure, various embodiments of the method for simulating the side earth pressure of a retaining structure of the present invention are proposed below.

[0082] The method for simulating the side earth pressure of a retaining structure can be applied to the above-mentioned device for simulating the side earth pressure of a retaining structure. The method for simulating the side earth pressure of a retaining structure includes but is not limited to step S110, step S120, step S130, step S140 and step S150.

[0083] In step S110, strain gauges are attached to the enclosure structure 100, and the strain gauges are arranged vertically along the depth direction.

[0084] In some examples, the retaining structure side earth pressure simulation device can be applicable to various types of structures, such as circular piles, square piles, U-shaped sheet piles, combined sheet piles, hollow tube piles, etc. The structural design height is the sum of the scaled calculated height and the redundant height, and the design thickness is the scaled calculated thickness.

[0085] Furthermore, the retaining structure 100 needs to be attached with strain gauges before being placed in the retaining structure side soil pressure simulation device, and the strain gauges are arranged vertically along the depth direction.

[0086] Step S120, assembling the frame assembly 200 and a plurality of simulation assemblies 300 into a device for simulating the lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure.

[0087] In some examples, the base 203 is first placed in a flat space, and then the support frame 201 and the fixed frame 204 are installed, and then the enclosure structure 100 is placed, and then the side soil pressure simulation component 301 is supported by the support frame 201 to form a soil spring matrix. Each side soil pressure simulation component 301 is connected to the force transmission component 303, and then the threaded top rod 502 is fixed by the fixed frame 204, and finally the tempered glass is installed to realize the connection of each component and complete the assembly of the device.

[0088] Step S130, determine the static earth pressure according to the length of the enclosure structure 100 and calculate the equivalent node load P N , and obtain the required compression amount δ0-δ of the elastic component 302 a , the simulated component 300 moves toward the enclosure 100 by a compression amount δ0-δ a displacement, reaching the equivalent initial state static earth pressure σ0.

[0089] In some examples, the static earth pressure is determined based on the length of the enclosure structure 100 and the equivalent node load P is calculated. N , and obtain the required compression amount δ0-δ of the elastic component 302 a By tightening the knob 504 in the positive direction, the force transmission component 303 and the lateral earth pressure simulation component 301 are driven to jointly push the displacement of the compression amount δ0-δ toward the retaining structure 100 a , achieving pre-compression of the enclosure structure 100. At this time, the load of the elastic component 302 is P0, reaching the setting of the static earth pressure σ0 in the equivalent initial state.

[0090] Among them, δ a is the active limit displacement that the enclosure structure 100 can produce, and P0 is the displacement of the elastic component 302 at this displacement δ0-δ a The reaction force provided by the above is used to calculate the equivalent lateral earth pressure acting on the retaining structure 100, that is, the static earth pressure σ0.

[0091] Step S140: Various sensors are provided in the device for simulating the side earth pressure of the retaining structure, and the sensors are connected to data acquisition equipment.

[0092] In some examples, the sensing component 501 is in the force transmission assembly 303, the laser displacer is installed on the support frame 201, and the components used for sensing are all connected to a three-party data acquisition instrument, and the data is stored and displayed by a computer.

[0093] Step S150, performing excavation simulation and support simulation.

[0094] In addition, in some examples, step S150 may include but is not limited to the following steps:

[0095] In step S210, the lateral earth pressure simulation component 301 uses the nonlinear elastic component 302 to partially disassemble the lateral earth pressure simulation component 301 from top to bottom to form a unloading effect.

[0096] In some examples, such as Figure 8 As shown, the local lateral soil pressure simulation component 301 and the force transmission component 303 are disassembled, and the force applied by the elastic component 302 simulates the lateral soil pressure. Excavating the soil layer is a process of unloading, and the soil layer is excavated from top to bottom. By reversely loosening the knob 504 on the excavation side, the lateral soil pressure simulation component 301 and the force transmission component 303 are deviated from the retaining structure 100, achieving the effect of unloading and achieving the purpose of excavating the soil layer.

[0097] When the lateral earth pressure simulation component 301 is unloaded, the entire physical model will quickly break the equilibrium state, and the remaining lateral earth pressure simulation components 301 will perform dynamic self-adjustment and eventually return to equilibrium. The dynamic equilibrium process is divided into two cases: step S220 and step S230.

[0098] Step S220, when the retaining structure 100 is in a state of deviating from the side soil pressure simulation component 301, if the displacement of the elastic component 302 is between the active limit displacement and the static soil pressure displacement, the pressure effect on the retaining structure 100 is reduced. If the displacement of the elastic component 302 is less than the active limit displacement, there is no pressure effect on the retaining structure 100. In actual engineering, it is manifested as no contact between the soil and the retaining structure 100 and the presence of cracks.

[0099] In some examples, when the retaining structure 100 is in a state of deviating from the lateral earth pressure simulation component 301, the elastic component 302 will rebound, and the elastic component 302 is in the active stage. a and δ0, the pressure on the surface of the enclosure 100 will decrease and be between P a and P0, which is equivalent to the lateral earth pressure, that is, between σ a and σ0; when the displacement is less than δ aWhen the elastic component 302 is completely restored to its original state, there will be no pressure on the surface of the enclosure structure 100. In actual engineering, there is no contact between the soil and the structure, and cracks exist.

[0100] Among them, δ a is the active limit displacement, δ0 is the static earth pressure displacement, δ p is the passive limit displacement, P a is δ a The reaction force of the lower elastic member 302, P0, is δ0. p is δ p The reaction force of the lower elastic member 302, σ a is the equivalent active earth pressure, σ0 is the equivalent static earth pressure, σ p is the equivalent passive earth pressure.

[0101] Step S230, when the retaining structure 100 is in a state of being biased toward the side earth pressure simulation component 301, if the displacement of the elastic component 302 is between the static earth pressure displacement and the passive limit displacement, the pressure effect of the retaining structure 100 increases, and when the displacement reaches the limit passive limit displacement, the pressure effect of the retaining structure 100 is maximum.

[0102] In some examples, when the retaining structure 100 is in a state of being biased toward the lateral earth pressure simulation component 301, the elastic component 302 continues to be squeezed and enters the passive stage. p The pressure on the surface of the enclosure 100 increases and is between P0 and P p is equivalent to the lateral earth pressure between σ0 and σ p When the displacement reaches the limit δ p When the elastic component 302 cannot be compressed, the maximum pressure will be applied to the surface of the enclosure structure 100, that is, the passive earth pressure σ p .

[0103] Step S240, the stiffness and depth of the simulated support are calculated according to the scale, and the simulation component 300 is assembled at the depth of the simulated support. The lateral earth pressure simulation component 301 uses a linear elastic component 302 to simulate the constraint effect of the support.

[0104] In some examples, such as Fig. 9 As shown, the device is applicable to cantilever retaining structures and supported retaining structures. The stiffness and depth of the support are simulated according to the scale calculation; then the lateral soil pressure simulation component 301 and the force transmission component 303 are assembled at a certain depth, but the nonlinear elastic component 302 needs to be replaced with a linear spring with greater stiffness to simulate the restraining effect of the support.

[0105] In some examples, such as Fig.10As shown, physical signals are received by various sensors, and electrical signals are collected by a three-party data acquisition instrument, which are uniformly processed by a computer to reflect the horizontal displacement of the structure, the soil pressure on both sides, the shear force and bending moment of the retaining structure 100, and the axial force of the support in real time.

[0106] Wherein, H refers to the vertical depth of the retaining structure 100, δ is the horizontal displacement of the retaining structure 100, σ is the lateral earth pressure distribution on both sides of the retaining structure 100, Q is the shear force distribution of the retaining structure 100, and M is the bending moment distribution of the retaining structure 100.

[0107] In some selectable embodiments, the function / operation mentioned in the block diagram may not occur in the order mentioned in the operation diagram. For example, depending on the function / operation involved, the two boxes shown in succession can actually be executed substantially simultaneously or the boxes can sometimes be executed in reverse order. In addition, the embodiment presented and described in the flow chart of the application is provided by way of example, for the purpose of providing a more comprehensive understanding of technology. The disclosed method is not limited to the operation and logic flow presented herein. Selectable embodiments are expected, wherein the order of various operations is changed and the sub-operation of a part described as a larger operation is performed independently.

[0108] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge of ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present application. In addition, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

Claims

1. A device for simulating lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure, characterized in that: include: Frame components; A plurality of simulation components, each of which includes a plurality of lateral earth pressure simulation components, the lateral earth pressure simulation components are arranged on the frame components, the lateral earth pressure simulation components include elastic components, each of the simulation components is located on opposite sides of the enclosure structure, and applies pressure to the enclosure structure through the elastic components.

2. The device for simulating the side earth pressure of a retaining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral earth pressure simulation component also includes a cylinder and a resistance component, the elastic component is arranged in the inner cavity of the cylinder; the first end of the resistance component is in the inner cavity of the cylinder and contacts the elastic component; the second end of the resistance component extends out of the cylinder and is used to contact the surrounding structure.

3. The device for simulating the side earth pressure of the retaining structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic component adopts a nonlinear spring.

4. The device for simulating the side earth pressure of the retaining structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the elastic component close to the end portion is smaller than the outer diameter of the elastic component close to the middle portion, and the pitch of the elastic component close to the end portion is smaller than the pitch of the elastic component close to the middle portion.

5. The device for simulating the side earth pressure of a retaining structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The frame assembly includes support frames located on opposite sides of the enclosure structure. The cylinder is provided with an extension component, and the cylinder is plugged into the support frame through the extension component so that the lateral soil pressure simulation assembly is slidably connected to the support frame.

6. The device for simulating the side earth pressure of a retaining structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the simulation components is distributed vertically on the support frame.

7. The device for simulating the lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulation component also includes a force transmission component and a connecting component, and the force transmission component is connected to each of the lateral earth pressure simulation components through the connecting component; the frame component includes a fixed frame, and the force transmission component is arranged on the fixed frame, and applies pre-pressure to the lateral earth pressure simulation component through movement.

8. The device for simulating the side earth pressure of a retaining structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The force transmission component includes a sensing component and a driving component. The sensing component is connected between the driving component and the connecting component, and is used to monitor the axial force. The driving component is connected to the fixed frame, and is used to drive the simulation component to approach the enclosure structure or move away from the enclosure structure.

9. A method for simulating the lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure, applied to the device for simulating the lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: The strain gauges are pasted on the enclosure structure and arranged vertically along the depth direction; Assembling the frame assembly and a plurality of simulation assemblies into a lateral earth pressure simulation device for a retaining structure; Determine the static earth pressure based on the length of the retaining structure and calculate the equivalent node load P N , and obtain the required compression of the elastic component δ0-δ a , simulate the compression amount of the component moving toward the enclosure structure δ0-δ a The displacement reaches the equivalent initial static earth pressure σ0; The retaining structure side soil pressure simulation device is equipped with various sensors, which are connected to data acquisition equipment; Carry out excavation simulation and support simulation.

10. The method for simulating the lateral earth pressure of a retaining structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The excavation simulation and support simulation include: The lateral earth pressure simulation component uses nonlinear elastic components, and some lateral earth pressure simulation components are disassembled from top to bottom to form a unloading effect; When the retaining structure is in the state of deviating from the side earth pressure simulation component, if the displacement of the elastic component is between the active limit displacement and the static earth pressure displacement, the pressure effect of the retaining structure is reduced. If the displacement of the elastic component is less than the active limit displacement, there is no pressure effect on the retaining structure. In actual engineering, there is no contact between the soil and the retaining structure, and cracks exist. When the retaining structure is in the situation of biasing the lateral earth pressure simulation component, if the displacement of the elastic component is between the static earth pressure displacement and the passive limit displacement, the pressure effect of the retaining structure increases. When the displacement reaches the ultimate passive limit displacement, the pressure effect of the retaining structure is the maximum. The stiffness and depth of the simulated support are calculated according to the scale, and the simulation components are assembled at the depth of the simulated support. The lateral soil pressure simulation components use linear elastic components to simulate the constraint effect of the support.

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