Gravity-Vacuum Hybrid Energy Storage Workstation and Device for New Energy Power Generation System

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage workstation for a new energy power generation system, which includes a transmission shaft, a power generation motor, and a number of energy storage devices. The energy storage devices include a supporting energy storage module, a suspension module, and a mechanical transmission module. The energy storage module is connected to the transmission shaft through the suspension module and the mechanical transmission module. The energy storage module includes a vacuum element and a heavy object fixed to the movable end of the vacuum element. Under the action of the suspension module, a vacuum is formed in the internal sealed chamber of the vacuum element. When the vacuum volume increases upward, pressure potential energy generated by atmospheric air acts on the surface of the movable end, and at the same time, the heavy object moves with the movable end to generate gravitational potential energy, thereby realizing energy storage in two forms. When the pressure potential energy and gravitational potential energy in each energy storage module act on the suspension module to rotate the power generation motor for power generation, energy release is realized. The present disclosure can achieve energy storage and energy release in large capacity and in multiple ways, has a wide range of applicable scenarios, and has a large energy storage density and a high integration level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the technical fields of wind power generation and potential energy storage, and particularly relates to a gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage workstation and device for a new energy power generation system. Background Art

[0002] Both wind energy and solar energy are renewable energy sources. Since they come from nature, they will not be exhausted. This characteristic makes wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation a good choice for sustainable power supply. Compared with fossil fuel power generation, wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation can significantly reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, helping to mitigate the impact of global warming. However, affected by natural and technological factors, wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation are characterized by intermittency, randomness, and poor dispatchability, which will cause a series of power quality problems. First of all, when wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation are affected by weather and the output power fluctuates, it will cause voltage fluctuations on the outgoing line of the wind farm, and then cause grid voltage fluctuations; when the output power of the wind power generation system is large, flicker phenomena will also occur. Secondly, during the process of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation, the output of their units has a certain degree of randomness. Therefore, as the proportion of these two types of new energy power generation in the total grid power generation continues to increase, there may be problems of frequency fluctuations in the power grid. Such power grid frequency problems will have an adverse impact on the power system and its users. In addition, since both wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation use a large number of power electronic devices, they will generate a large amount of harmonics and DC components. After the harmonics are injected into the power system, it will cause voltage distortion in the power grid system, affecting the power quality of the entire power grid system. When the proportion of these two types of new energy power generation is small, the above-mentioned defects can be controlled within the range allowed by the power grid through existing power electronic technologies; when these two types of new energy power generation are connected to the grid on a large scale, it will have a great impact on the power system. Therefore, the power grid must control the access of these two types of new energy power generation within a controllable range to minimize the adverse effects. This not only restricts the construction scale and development speed of these two types of new energy, but also causes coal-fired power plants with relatively large environmental damage and high carbon emissions to still be the main power generation force to ensure the stable operation of the power grid. With the continuous development of new energy power generation, a part of the power generation capacity of the above two types of new energy is often not utilized, resulting in new energy power generation enterprises being unable to obtain the expected investment returns. For this reason, measures such as researching, developing, and promoting new energy storage technologies and supporting new energy storage power stations have been taken to improve the utilization rate of new energy, thereby achieving energy conservation and environmental protection. Secondly, new energy storage technologies can improve the reliability and stability of energy. Due to the large capital investment in energy storage power stations using new energy storage technologies, they mainly play three roles at present: one is to balance power supply and demand. The energy storage power station can store electric energy during peak power demand to balance power supply and ensure the stability of the power grid, which helps to reduce the risk of power outages and improve the reliability of the power system; the second is to integrate renewable energy: Renewable energy such as wind energy and solar energy is volatile, and the energy storage power station can capture and store excess electric energy to provide power during unstable periods; the third is frequency modulation and standby power supply. The energy storage power station can be used as a frequency modulation device for the power system to quickly respond to power demand fluctuations.However, this cannot completely eliminate the above-mentioned adverse effects of these two new energy power generations on the power grid. For the stability of the entire power grid and relatively high power quality, new energy can only account for a very small share in power supply. Since the traditional power generation method mainly based on coal-fired power generation has controllable processes throughout the power generation process and excellent power quality, it still serves as the main means of power generation, which is contrary to the original intention of vigorously developing new energy. Therefore, adopting an energy storage device with good economy and safety between the new energy power generation station and the main power grid, completely consuming the unstable electric energy generated by photovoltaic and wind power generation, and then generating electricity according to the needs of the power grid, can provide stable electric energy for a period of time, and can well solve the above problems. For this reason, people are also trying to research gravity or vacuum energy storage technologies.

[0003] Gravity energy storage is to use the rotation of the power generation motor to lift heavy objects to a high place when electric energy is abundant, converting electric energy into gravitational potential energy. When electric energy is needed, the gravity drives the heavy objects to fall, so that the power generation motor generates electricity. Vacuum energy storage is to use electric energy to do work on the motor, driving a component with an internal closed space to form an internal vacuum. As the vacuum volume increases, the electric energy is converted into pressure potential energy on the outer surface of the vacuum component; during power generation, the external medium pressure acts on the movable end of the vacuum component to do work, driving the generator to rotate, thereby converting the pressure potential energy into electric energy. The vacuum energy storage device developed according to the basic principle of vacuum energy storage has the advantages of safety, fast response, large energy storage capacity, long service life, etc. Since vacuum energy storage is carried out in the atmosphere, the energy storage density of the energy storage device is relatively low. Generally, the energy storage component that can generate vacuum is placed in a medium with a relatively high pressure, such as using the water pressure at a relatively large depth in the ocean, rivers, and lakes, so that the vacuum component can obtain a relatively large energy storage density. However, such conditions are not available in many inland areas. If the vacuum component with an internal closed space is stored alone in the atmosphere in inland areas, the energy storage density is small; in addition, the short energy release time of the vacuum component is also the biggest problem affecting its application. The above reasons have led to the fact that vacuum energy storage technology has not been widely applied. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.

[0005] To this end, the present disclosure provides a gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage workstation and device for a new energy power generation system. The present disclosure combines a vacuum element capable of generating a vacuum and a heavy object capable of generating gravitational potential energy to construct a gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage workstation, and further constructs a gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device, broadening the application scope of vacuum energy storage so that it can also be applied in water-scarce inland areas. At the same time, it realizes large-capacity and multiple-mode energy storage and energy release, with a large energy storage density and high integration. By connecting the above-mentioned gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device between an existing wind power or photovoltaic power generation system and the power grid, the above two new energy power generations do not directly connect to the grid, but are first stored by the above-mentioned gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device. When the main power grid needs electric energy, the above-mentioned gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device releases energy. The energy release process of the above-mentioned gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device is fully controllable, and the energy release duration is relatively long, solving the technical problems brought by the instability of the two new energy power generations and creating conditions for comprehensively establishing a power supply pattern dominated by new energy and reducing the environmental pollution of coal-fired power stations.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present disclosure adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage workstation for a new energy power generation system provided by the first aspect of the present disclosure includes a frame, as well as a transmission shaft, a first clutch, a transmission, a power generation motor, and a plurality of energy storage modules all located within its floor area. Each energy storage module is respectively equipped with a suspension module and a mechanical transmission module.

[0008] Each energy storage module is respectively connected to the transmission shaft through the suspension module and the mechanical transmission module supporting it and is evenly arranged on both sides of the transmission shaft. A plurality of energy storage sub-modules are arranged in an array form within a single energy storage module. Taking the direction parallel to the transmission shaft as the row and the direction perpendicular to the transmission shaft as the column, the energy storage sub-modules located in the same row or the same column are used as a group of energy storage sub-modules.

[0009] The energy storage sub-module includes a vacuum element and a heavy object. A sealed chamber is formed inside the vacuum element. One end of the vacuum element is a fixed end, and the other end is a movable end. The heavy object is fixedly connected to the movable end of the vacuum element.

[0010] The suspension module is connected between the matching mechanical transmission module and the energy storage module. The suspension module includes a drum around which a steel wire rope is wound, a plurality of pulley groups and a plurality of intermediate fixed pulleys. The drum is supported within the frame. Each pulley group cooperates with a corresponding energy storage sub-module in the energy storage module. Each pulley group is composed of at least two fixed pulleys and at least one movable pulley. One of the intermediate fixed pulleys is arranged between adjacent groups within the energy storage module. One end of the steel wire rope is fixed to the drum, and the other end is sequentially passed through each pulley group and the intermediate fixed pulleys and then fixedly connected to the frame. As the number of turns of the steel wire rope wound around the drum changes, the weights and the movable ends of the vacuum elements in the energy storage module move synchronously with the corresponding movable pulleys, so that the gravitational potential energy generated by the movement of each weight and the pressure potential energy generated by the change in the vacuum volume of the internal closed chamber of each vacuum element change synchronously, realizing energy storage and energy release.

[0011] The transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the frame. One end of the transmission shaft is connected to one end of the transmission through the first clutch. The other end of the transmission is connected to the motor-generator through an elastic coupling. The transmission matches the speed difference between the set speeds of the transmission shaft and the motor-generator. The motor-generator is connected to the power cable of the new energy power generation system through a power cable.

[0012] In some embodiments, the vacuum element forms a vacuum by moving a part of its inner surface in at least one direction to increase the internal closed chamber, and forms a pressure difference with the external atmospheric pressure, thereby generating pressure energy release. The pressure potential energy is the position energy release generated by the pressure acting on the movable end of the vacuum element.

[0013] In some embodiments, the vacuum element adopts any one of the following forms:

[0014] ① The vacuum element adopts a cylindrical shell with one end open and an annular sealing assembly provided at the opening. The weight serves as the plunger of the vacuum element and is connected to the sealing assembly at the opening of the cylindrical shell. By the weight extending into or out of the cylindrical shell, the vacuum volume of the internal closed chamber of the cylindrical shell is reduced or increased.

[0015] ② The vacuum element adopts a cylindrical closed shell with a telescopic side wall. The top end of the closed shell is fixedly connected to the weight. By the weight driving the top end of the closed shell to move up and down, the vacuum volume of the internal closed chamber of the closed shell is increased or reduced.

[0016] ③ The vacuum element uses a cylindrical closed housing with a folded side wall, and a guiding restraint is arranged around the vacuum element. The top end of the closed housing is fixedly connected to the heavy object, and the heavy object drives the top end of the closed housing to move up and down, so that the vacuum volume of the closed chamber inside the closed housing increases or decreases.

[0017] In some embodiments, the transmission shaft, the winding drum, and the mechanical transmission mechanism are all arranged close to the bottom plate of the frame, and the transmission shaft is perpendicular to the long side of the bottom plate.

[0018] In some embodiments, the mechanical transmission module adopts a sprocket-chain transmission method, a gear transmission method, or a synchronous toothed belt transmission method to realize the mechanical transmission between the transmission shaft and the energy storage module.

[0019] In some embodiments, the mechanical transmission module includes a second clutch, a clutch bracket, a first sprocket, a chain, a second sprocket, and a one-way overrunning clutch; the second clutch is connected to the winding drum, the second clutch and the first sprocket are supported on the bottom plate of the frame by the clutch bracket, the outer circumferential surface of the one-way overrunning clutch is matched with the inner hole of the second sprocket, the inner hole of the one-way overrunning clutch is sleeved on the transmission shaft, and the first sprocket and the second sprocket transmit motion through the chain.

[0020] In some embodiments, the suspension module further includes a brake and a winding drum bracket. The winding drum bracket is fixed to the bottom plate of the frame. The winding drum is fixedly sleeved on a winding drum shaft, and the winding drum shaft is rotatably connected to the winding drum bracket.

[0021] In some embodiments, each pulley group in the suspension module is respectively composed of 2 fixed pulleys and 1 movable pulley. All the pulleys in a single suspension module are connected by a steel wire rope. The 2 fixed pulleys are both arranged above a supporting energy storage sub-module and fixedly connected to the frame. The first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley are rotatably sleeved on the same fixed shaft; the heavy object is connected to the connecting shaft above it, and the movable pulley is rotatably sleeved on the connecting shaft above the heavy object in a supporting energy storage sub-module; in a single pulley group, the steel wire rope sequentially passes through the first fixed pulley, the movable pulley, and the second fixed pulley.

[0022] In some embodiments, the inter-group fixed pulley is fixed to the bottom plate of the frame, and the steel wire ropes in adjacent two groups of energy storage sub-modules have opposite running directions through the inter-group fixed pulley.

[0023] A gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device for a new energy power generation system provided in the second aspect of the present disclosure includes a control system and a plurality of energy storage workstations, and each energy storage workstation is respectively connected to the control system through a control cable;

[0024] The energy storage workstation adopts the energy storage workstation according to any one of the embodiments of the first aspect of the present disclosure;

[0025] The control system is used to turn on or off a corresponding number of the energy storage workstations according to the energy storage or energy release capacity requirements of the new energy power generation system, and control and monitor the equipment status in each energy storage workstation.

[0026] In some embodiments, the control system includes an operation controller and a grid connection control unit, a safety protection unit, a monitoring unit, a communication interface circuit, a user interface and a plurality of sensing units connected thereto; each sensing unit is respectively arranged in a corresponding energy storage workstation, and includes a speed sensor for detecting the speed of the power generation motor, a distance measuring sensor for detecting the position of the upper surface of the heavy object, and a force measuring sensor for sensing the pulling force value of the steel wire rope; the grid connection control unit is used to connect the electric energy generated by the energy storage device to the main grid; the safety protection unit is used to handle emergencies and timely shut down the problematic energy storage workstation when the parameters exceed the preset working range; the monitoring unit is used to monitor the working status of the energy storage workstation in real time and transmit the data to the operation controller, the safety protection unit and the user interface; the communication interface circuit is used to realize data communication during the operation of the energy storage device; the user interface is used to input user instructions, change parameters, display the operation status, data and fault conditions of the energy storage workstation; the operation controller is used for the operation monitoring of the energy storage workstation, including start-stop control, control of each electronic device and grid monitoring. Among them, the operation controller adjusts the power generation motor according to the speed detected by the speed sensor so that the speed of the power generation motor runs within the set speed range, the operation controller senses the real-time energy storage or energy release margin of the energy storage module according to the distance detected by the distance measuring sensor to control the corresponding suspension module, and the operation controller also controls the corresponding suspension module according to the pulling force sensed by the force measuring sensor.

[0027] In some embodiments, the operation process of the energy storage device includes:

[0028] During energy storage operation:

[0029] The control system activates the corresponding number of energy storage workstations according to the energy storage capacity requirements of the new energy power generation plant. In the activated energy storage workstations, the control system first connects the transmission route between the first energy storage module and the power generation motor, releases the braking of the suspension module corresponding to the first energy storage module, and simultaneously connects the power cable to start the power generation motor. The volume of each vacuum element of the first energy storage module increases linearly as the distance the heavy object moves upward increases. When the heavy object reaches the first set position, it is determined that all energy storage sub-modules in the first energy storage module are in full-load energy storage. Then, the suspension module corresponding to the first energy storage module is braked, and the transmission route between the first energy storage module and the transmission shaft is disconnected. The first energy storage module has completed energy storage. The control system sequentially activates the remaining energy storage modules according to the same operation as the first energy storage module until all energy storage modules in the activated energy storage workstations have completed energy storage. The control system disconnects the power cable and brakes the power generation motor. If there is still surplus electric energy to be stored, the control system then activates the remaining energy storage workstations that have not achieved full-load energy storage. When all energy storage workstations are in full-load energy storage, the energy storage operation ends. When an unexpected situation of no energy storage capacity occurs during the energy storage process of a single or some energy storage workstations, the control system disconnects the power cable to brake the power generation motor, simultaneously brakes all the suspension modules that are in energy storage, and disconnects the transmission routes between all the energy storage modules that are in energy storage and the power generation motor. The energy storage operation of the energy storage workstations is paused. If there are still energy storage requirements later, the energy storage workstations whose energy storage operations have been paused continue the energy storage operation until full-load energy storage of the energy storage workstations is achieved, and finally full-load energy storage of the energy storage device is realized;

[0030] During the energy release operation:

[0031] The control system activates the corresponding number of energy storage workstations according to the required energy release capacity. In the activated energy storage workstations, the control system first connects the power cable to start the power generation motor. First, the control system releases the brake on the suspension module corresponding to the first energy storage module in the energy storage workstation, and at the same time connects the transmission route between the first energy storage module and the power generation motor. By controlling the reel to release the steel wire rope, the power generation motor is prepared for power generation. When the vacuum volume of each vacuum element of the first energy storage module decreases under the action of atmospheric pressure, and at the same time the heavy object drives the power generation motor to generate electricity through the suspension module, the mechanical transmission module, the transmission shaft and the speed increaser under the action of gravity. When the heavy object in the first energy storage module reaches the second set position, it indicates that the current energy release of the first energy storage module is completed. Then the control system brakes the suspension module corresponding to the first energy storage module and disconnects the transmission route between the first energy storage module and the transmission shaft. The energy release of the first energy storage module is completed. The control system makes the remaining energy storage modules release energy in turn according to the same operation until the energy release of all energy storage modules in the activated energy storage workstation is completed, and the energy release of this energy storage workstation is completed; when the energy storage workstation is releasing energy and an unexpected situation where energy release is not required occurs, the control system first disconnects the power cable and brakes the power generation motor, and at the same time brakes the suspension module that is releasing energy and disconnects the transmission routes between all the energy storage modules that are releasing energy and the power generation motor. The energy release operation of the energy storage workstation is suspended. If there is still an energy release requirement in the future, the energy storage workstation whose energy release operation has been suspended will continue the energy release operation until the full-load energy release of the energy storage workstation is achieved, and finally the full-load energy release of the energy storage device is achieved.

[0032] The present disclosure has the following features and beneficial effects:

[0033] As an energy storage device supporting a new energy power plant, the gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device disclosed in the present disclosure can achieve energy storage and energy release in large capacities and in multiple ways. Specifically, the energy storage capacity of the gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device can store the electric energy generated by the corresponding new energy power plant at full load within a certain period of time. When the output of the new energy power plant decreases due to natural reasons or the power generation is small within a certain period of time, the gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device starts one or a small number of energy storage workstations to participate in energy storage; in the gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device, single or multiple energy storage workstations can participate in energy storage or energy release simultaneously, all energy storage workstations can participate in energy storage or energy release simultaneously, a single energy storage workstation can participate in energy storage or energy release continuously, or some energy storage workstations can participate in energy storage or energy release continuously as a whole. This can not only ensure energy storage in a wind farm under gentle wind or continuously changing wind speeds or in a photovoltaic power plant under low-intensity light or continuously changing light intensities, but also, with the energy release mode of each energy storage module being continuous, has the characteristic of a relatively long energy release time, and can also meet the requirement of a certain flexibility for the main power grid regarding the electric energy released by the gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device by starting different numbers of energy storage units for power generation. More importantly, the new energy power plant does not directly send electricity to the main power grid, but instead generates electricity and is connected to the grid through the gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device. The electric energy generated by the gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device remains stable, thus eliminating the adverse effects of the new energy power generation method on the main power grid and creating conditions for increasing the proportion of the above two types of new energy power generation in the power grid.

[0034] In addition, according to the characteristics of movable pulleys in the present disclosure, for example, 1 movable pulley and 2 fixed pulleys are installed in the pulley block corresponding to each energy storage sub-module and connected by a steel wire rope. Although the total ultimate force of the entire energy storage module is very large, the maximum tensile force borne by the steel wire rope is only half of the ultimate force of a single energy storage sub-module, which can greatly reduce the requirement for the strength of the steel wire rope. At the same time, the energy storage density of each energy storage module can be further improved by increasing the number of energy storage sub-modules and increasing the volume of the vacuum element and the mass of the heavy object, creating conditions for improving the integration level and large-scale application of this energy storage device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 is a top view schematic diagram of a gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage workstation for a new energy power generation system provided by an embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure. Due to the limitation of the drawing size, some energy storage units and the rack located above the transmission shaft are missing in this figure;

[0036] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the side view of the A-A section in

[0037] Figure 3 is Figure 1Schematic diagram of the structure of a single energy storage sub-module;

[0038] Figure 4 It is a layout schematic diagram of a gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device for a new energy power generation system provided by an embodiment of the second aspect of the present disclosure;

[0039] Figure 5 is Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the control system in the shown gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device;

[0040] Reference numerals:

[0041] 100 - Energy storage workstation, 110 - Suspension module, 111 - Brake, 112 - Drum shaft, 113 - Drum bracket, 114 - Drum, 115 - Steel wire rope, 116a - First fixed pulley, 116b - Second fixed pulley, 117 - Inter-group fixed pulley, 118 - Movable pulley, 119 - Connecting shaft, 120 - Mechanical transmission module, 121 - Second clutch, 122 - Clutch bracket, 123 - First sprocket, 124 - Chain, 125 - Second sprocket, 126 - One-way overrunning clutch, 130 - Transmission shaft, 131 - Bearing, 140 - Energy storage module, 141 - Energy storage sub-module, 141a - Vacuum element, 141b - Heavy object, 150 - First clutch, 160 - Transmission, 170 - Power generation motor, 171 - Power cable, 180 - Frame, 181 - Base plate, 190 - Elastic coupling;

[0042] 200 - Control cable;

[0043] 300 - Control system, 310 - Sensing unit, 311 - Rotation speed sensor, 312 - Distance measurement sensor, 313 - Force measurement sensor, 320 - Operation controller, 330 - Grid connection control unit, 340 - Safety protection unit, 350 - Monitoring unit, 360 - Communication interface circuit, 370 - User interface. Detailed implementation manners

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0045] On the contrary, the present application covers any alternatives, modifications, equivalent methods and solutions made within the spirit and scope of the present application as defined by the claims. Further, in order to enable the public to have a better understanding of the present application, in the following detailed description of the present application, some specific details are described in detail. Those skilled in the art can fully understand the present application without the description of these details.

[0046] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred base or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present disclosure. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present disclosure, "a plurality of" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0047] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "mounted", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0048] In the present disclosure, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the situation where the first and second features are not in direct contact but in contact through other features therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over", and "on top of" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "below", "beneath", and "underneath" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is lower than that of the second feature.

[0049] See Figures 1 to 3 As shown in [reference figure], a gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage workstation 100 for a new energy power generation system provided by an embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure includes a frame 180, and a transmission shaft 130, a first clutch 150, a transmission 160, a generator motor 170, and a plurality of energy storage modules 140, all of which are within its floor area. Each energy storage module 140 is respectively provided with a suspension module 110 and a mechanical transmission module 120.

[0050] Each energy storage module 140 is respectively connected to the transmission shaft 130 through a matching suspension module 110 and a mechanical transmission module 120, and is evenly arranged on both sides of the transmission shaft 130. A plurality of energy storage sub-modules 141 are arranged in an array form within a single energy storage module 140. Taking the direction parallel to the transmission shaft 130 as the row and the direction perpendicular to the transmission shaft 130 as the column, the energy storage sub-modules located in the same row or the same column are used as a group of energy storage sub-modules;

[0051] The energy storage sub-module 141 includes a vacuum element 141a and a heavy object 141b. A sealed chamber is formed inside the vacuum element 141a. One end of the vacuum element 141a is a fixed end and the other end is a movable end. The heavy object 141b is fixedly connected to the movable end of the vacuum element 141a. When the heavy object 141b moves upward along the inner wall of the vacuum element 140a together with the movable end of the vacuum element 141a under the traction of the suspension module 110, the heavy object 141b generates gravitational potential energy. At the same time, a vacuum is formed in the sealed chamber inside the vacuum element 141a, creating a pressure difference with the outside world, thereby generating pressure potential energy;

[0052] The suspension module 110 is connected between the matching mechanical transmission module 120 and the energy storage module 140. The suspension module 110 includes a drum 114 around which a steel wire rope 115 is wound, a plurality of pulley groups, and a plurality of inter-group fixed pulleys 117. The drum 114 is supported inside the frame 180. Each pulley group cooperates with a corresponding energy storage sub-module 141 in the energy storage module 140. Each pulley group is composed of a plurality of fixed pulleys fixed inside the frame 180 and at least one movable pulley fixedly connected to the heavy object 141b. An inter-group fixed pulley 117 is arranged between adjacent groups in the energy storage module 140 to change the running direction of the steel wire rope 115 within adjacent groups; One end of the steel wire rope 115 is fixed to the drum 114, and the other end is fixedly connected to the frame 180 after passing through each pulley group and the inter-group fixed pulley 117 in sequence; As the number of turns of the steel wire rope 115 wound around the drum 114 changes, the heavy objects 141b in the energy storage module 140 move synchronously, so that the gravitational potential energy generated by the movement of the heavy objects 141b and the pressure potential energy generated by the change in the internal vacuum volume of the vacuum element 141a change synchronously, realizing energy storage and energy release;

[0053] The transmission shaft 130 is rotatably connected to the frame 180 through a bearing 131. One end of the transmission shaft 130 is connected to one end of the low-speed shaft of the transmission 160 through a first clutch 150. One end of the high-speed shaft of the transmission 160 is connected to the generator-motor 170 through an elastic coupling 190. The transmission 160 is used to greatly change the low rotational speed of the transmission shaft into the high rotational speed required by the generator-motor; The generator-motor 170 is connected to the power cable of the new energy power generation system through a power cable 171.

[0054] In some embodiments, the energy storage workstation 100 includes a number of energy storage modules 140. The number of energy storage modules 140 is from 2 to 10, and is an even number, usually 4 or 6. Each energy storage module 140 is respectively equipped with a suspension module 110 and a mechanical transmission module 120. Each energy storage module 140 and the supporting suspension module 110 and mechanical transmission module 120 form a set of energy storage equipment, which can do work on the transmission shaft 130 alone or together with other sets of energy storage equipment.

[0055] In some embodiments, the frame 180 is a box as a whole. In order to arrange as many energy storage sub-modules 141 as possible within the floor area of the frame 180 to improve the energy storage density of the energy storage workstation 100, the bottom plate 181 of the frame 180 is usually designed as a rectangle. From a top view, the axis of the transmission shaft 130 is arranged at the midpoint connection position of the two long sides of the rectangular bottom plate 181, that is, the axis of the transmission shaft 130 is perpendicular to the long side of the bottom plate 181. Considering that the suspension module 110 and the mechanical transmission module 120 need to occupy a certain area, the energy storage sub-modules 141 are densely arranged at a certain distance on both sides of the axis of the transmission shaft 130, and the energy storage sub-modules 141 are divided into each energy storage module 140. The transmission shaft 130, the drum 114 and the mechanical transmission mechanism 120 are all arranged close to the bottom plate 181 of the frame 180, which can make the steel wire rope 115 wound on the drum 114 keep a sufficient distance from the first fixed pulley in the pulley block (installed in the upper space inside the frame 180), so that the drum 114 can correctly arrange the rope when winding the steel wire rope 115.

[0056] In some embodiments, the vacuum element 141a in each energy storage sub-module 141 forms a vacuum by moving a part of its inner surface in at least one direction to increase the internal sealed chamber, and forms a pressure difference with the external atmospheric pressure, thereby generating pressure energy release. The pressure potential energy is the position energy release generated by the pressure acting on the movable end of the vacuum element 141a.

[0057] Further, the vacuum element 141a can adopt any one of the following forms:

[0058] ① The vacuum element 141a adopts a cylindrical shell with one end open and an annular seal assembly provided at the opening. The heavy object 141b is connected to the seal assembly at the opening of the cylindrical shell as the plunger of the vacuum element 141a. By the heavy object 141b extending into or out of the cylindrical shell, the vacuum volume of the internal sealed chamber of the cylindrical shell is reduced or increased. See Figure 3; Further, the cylindrical housing is buried underground or fixed inside the frame 180. When buried underground, it forms an underground shaft, and the wellhead is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 181 of the frame, and the burial depth should not exceed 60 m. When fixed inside the frame 180, the bottom end of the cylindrical housing is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 181 of the frame, and the height of the frame 180 should be between 20 and 120 meters;

[0059] ② The vacuum element 141a adopts a cylindrical closed housing with a telescopic side wall. The bottom end of the closed housing is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 181 of the frame 180, and the top end of the closed housing is fixedly connected to the heavy object 141b. By driving the top end of the closed housing to move up and down with the heavy object 141b, the vacuum volume of the closed chamber inside the housing is increased or decreased;

[0060] ③ The vacuum element 141a adopts a cylindrical closed housing with a foldable side wall (such as a flexible or corrugated structure). The bottom end of the closed housing is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 181 of the frame 180, and the top end of the closed housing is fixedly connected to the heavy object 141b. By driving the top end of the closed housing to move up and down with the heavy object 141b, the vacuum volume of the closed chamber inside the housing is increased or decreased; In this case, in order to ensure the stability of the side wall of the vacuum element 141a during the change process, a guiding and restraining member needs to be configured around the vacuum element 141a, such as arranging several guiding rods fixedly connected to the frame 180 around the side wall of the vacuum element 141a.

[0061] In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the bottom plate 181 of the frame 180 is bisected by the axis of the transmission shaft 130, and 2 sets, a total of 4 sets of energy storage devices are arranged on both sides of the transmission shaft 130. The vacuum element 141a in the energy storage sub-module 141 adopts the form of an underground shaft in the above-mentioned first method, and the top end of the vacuum element 141a is fixedly connected to the frame bottom plate to reduce the height of the energy storage module 140 above the ground, thereby reducing the height of the frame 180. When performing energy storage operation, the atmospheric pressure on the upper surface of the heavy object 141b can be regarded as remaining unchanged, and at the same time, the gravity of the heavy object 141b acting as the plunger of the vacuum element 141a also remains unchanged, so that the driving load of the power generation motor 170 remains basically unchanged. On the contrary, during the energy release operation, the input power of the power generation motor 170 can also be kept stable; in addition, the height of the heavy object 141b should be greater than or equal to the height of the inner cavity of the vacuum element 141a to maximize the moving distance of the heavy object 141b and the vacuum volume formed by the vacuum element.

[0062] In some embodiments, each mechanical transmission module 120 within the energy storage workstation 100 is connected between the supporting suspension module 110 and the transmission shaft 130 that matches it, and the suspension module 110 is in turn connected to a corresponding energy storage module 140, thereby achieving power transmission between the energy storage module 140 and the transmission shaft 130. Optionally, each mechanical transmission module 120 respectively includes a second clutch 121, a clutch bracket 122, a first sprocket 123, a chain 124, a second sprocket 125, and a one-way overrunning clutch 126; the second clutch 121 is connected to the drum 114 within the suspension module 110, the second clutch 121 and the first sprocket 123 are supported by the clutch bracket 122, the clutch bracket 122 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 181 of the frame 180, the outer circumferential surface of the one-way overrunning clutch 126 is fitted with the inner hole of the second sprocket 125, the inner hole of the one-way overrunning clutch 126 is sleeved and connected to the transmission shaft 130, and the first sprocket 123 and the second sprocket 125 transmit motion through the chain 124. The mechanical transmission module 120 that matches each energy storage module 140 can not only transmit the rotation of the transmission shaft 130 to the energy storage module 140 to increase its pressure potential energy and gravitational potential energy, but also transmit the acting torque of the pressure potential energy and gravitational potential energy of the energy storage module 140 on the drum 114 in the suspension module 110 to the transmission shaft 130. Specifically, when energy storage is required, the transmission shaft 130 rotates the second sprocket 125 through the one-way overrunning clutch 126, the second sprocket 125 rotates the first sprocket 123 through the chain 124, and the first sprocket 123 rotates the drum 114 in the suspension module 110 through the second clutch 121, increasing the pressure potential energy of the vacuum element 141a in the energy storage module 140, and at the same time, its gravitational potential energy also increases synchronously as the heavy object 141b is lifted; when energy release is required, the transmission route of the mechanical transmission module 120 is exactly opposite to that during energy storage. The connection and disconnection between the suspension module 110 and the transmission shaft 130 are achieved through the on-off of the second clutch 121, thereby selectively connecting the corresponding energy storage module 140 to participate in energy storage or energy release. Specifically, when the energy storage ends, for the energy storage module 140 that has been fully charged with energy, its suspension module 110 is first braked, and at the same time, the second clutch 121 in the mechanical transmission module 120 is disengaged from the drum 114, disconnecting the drum 114 from the first sprocket 123 in the mechanical transmission module 120 to avoid damage to the mechanical transmission module 120; when the energy storage module 140 is not required to continue doing work on the transmission shaft 130, the first sprocket 123 in the mechanical transmission module 120 is also disengaged from the drum 114 through the second clutch 121 to avoid the energy storage module 140 from continuing to do work on the transmission shaft 130 and losing control of the rotational speed of the transmission shaft 130. The second clutch 121 generally uses an electromagnetic friction clutch or an electromagnetic jaw clutch, and in this embodiment, an electromagnetic friction clutch is preferably used. The chains 124 in each mechanical transmission module 120 within the energy storage workstation 100 all use the same size, which is conducive to standardized production.

[0063] It is understandable that the mechanical transmission module 120 in this embodiment adopts a first sprocket 123, a chain 124 and a second sprocket 125 for the transmission between the energy storage module 140 and the transmission shaft 130, that is, a sprocket and chain transmission method is adopted. This method can transmit a large torque, the transmission process is relatively stable and there is no phenomenon of lost rotation. When transmitting a larger torque, gear transmission can be used to replace the sprocket and chain transmission. When transmitting a smaller torque, a synchronous toothed belt transmission can be used to replace the chain transmission to reduce noise and make the transmission more stable.

[0064] Furthermore, the one-way overrunning clutch 126, also known as a one-way bearing, can be a spherical, wedge-shaped or tooth-shaped one-way overrunning clutch. In this embodiment, a spherical one-way overrunning clutch is preferably used.

[0065] It is understandable that the setting of the one-way overrunning clutch 126 in this embodiment can avoid the influence of the braking of one or several energy storage modules 140 on the remaining non-braked energy storage modules 140 to continue working on the transmission shaft 130. Specifically, when the energy release of the first energy storage module in the energy storage workstation 100 is about to end and the second energy storage module starts to release energy, due to the use of the one-way overrunning clutch 126, the mechanical transmission module or the suspension module supporting the first energy storage module will not be decelerated or braked, affecting the action of the mechanical transmission module supporting the second energy storage module on the transmission shaft 130. In particular, the mechanical transmission modules corresponding to the energy storage modules that do not participate in energy release will not cause a decrease in the energy release efficiency of the energy storage workstation 100 due to the idling of the transmission shaft 130.

[0066] In some embodiments, the suspension module 110 further includes a brake 111 and a drum bracket 113. The drum bracket 113 is fixed on the bottom plate 181 of the frame 180. The drum 114 is fixedly sleeved on the drum shaft 112. The drum shaft 112 is rotatably connected to the drum bracket 113 through a bearing. The axial direction of the drum shaft 112 is preferably parallel to the axial direction of the transmission shaft 130. The brake 111 is connected to the drum shaft 112 and is used to control the rotation of the drum 114. When the energy storage module 140 does not need to participate in energy storage or release, while disconnecting the transmission shaft 130 from the drum 114 by using the second clutch 121, the brake 111 is required to brake the drum 114 to stop the rotation of the drum 114, so as to keep the vacuum elements 141a and the heavy objects 141b in the corresponding energy storage module 140 in their current states unchanged. The form of the brake 111 can be an electromagnetic power-off brake, a drum brake, a butterfly brake, a jaw brake, etc. An electromagnetic power-off brake is preferably used.

[0067] Preferably, the structures of the pulley groups in the suspension module 110 are the same. Each pulley group is respectively composed of 2 fixed pulleys (116a, 116b) and 1 movable pulley 118. Let the number of rows of the energy storage sub-modules 141 in the energy storage module 140 be n and the number of columns be j (where the value of j needs to be considered such that when it is too large, the arrangement of the energy storage sub-modules 141 in one energy storage module 140 will affect the two adjacent energy storage modules 140. The value of n can be relatively large, but if it is too large, the wire rope 115 will pass through too many pulley groups and be subject to obvious frictional resistance). Then, the number of fixed pulleys in all the pulley groups used by the suspension module 110 to tow the energy storage module 140 is 2×n×j, and the number of movable pulleys is n×j. All the pulleys in a single suspension module 110 are connected by a single wire rope 115. Each pulley group is arranged above a supporting energy storage sub-module 141. The planes where the two fixed pulleys are located are parallel and fixed on the frame 180 above the movable pulley 118. One movable pulley 118 is rotatably sleeved on the connecting shaft 119 connected to the heavy object 141b. In a single pulley group, the wire rope 115 sequentially passes through the first fixed pulley 116a, the movable pulley 118, and the second fixed pulley 116b.

[0068] See Figure 1 , the routing of the wire rope 115 between the drum 114 and the energy storage module 140 is as follows: One end of the wire rope 115 is wound around the drum 114, and the other end starts from the energy storage sub-module in the first row and first column of the energy storage module 140, sequentially passes through the corresponding first fixed pulley 116a, the first movable pulley 118, and the second fixed pulley 116b of this energy storage sub-module, then passes through the corresponding pulley group in the energy storage sub-module in the first row and second column, and sequentially passes through the pulley groups corresponding to each energy storage sub-module in the first column until it is led out from the second fixed pulley 116b of the energy storage sub-module in the last row of the first column. Then, it bypasses the inter-group fixed pulley 117 connected to the bottom plate 181 of the frame 180 between the first column and the second column. The wire rope 115 starts to turn and is introduced into the pulley group corresponding to the energy storage sub-module in the last row of the second column. Then, in the direction opposite to the routing of the wire rope 115 in the first column, that is, from the pulley group corresponding to the energy storage sub-module in the last row of the second column, it sequentially passes through the energy storage sub-modules in the second column until it is led out from the pulley group corresponding to the energy storage sub-module in the first row of the second column. It is turned by the inter-group fixed pulley 117 between the second column and the third column and introduced into the pulley group corresponding to the energy storage sub-module in the first row of the third column, and so on. Before each column change, it is necessary to bypass the inter-group fixed pulley 117 between the adjacent two columns until it is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 181 of the frame 180 after being led out from the corresponding pulley of the last energy storage sub-module in the last column. It should be noted that Figure 1 The shown inter-group fixed pulley 117 is arranged between the energy storage sub-modules in adjacent two columns. At this time, each column of energy storage sub-modules is taken as a group; the inter-group fixed pulley 117 can also be arranged between the energy storage sub-modules in adjacent two rows, that is, each row of energy storage sub-modules is taken as a group, which is equally applicable to this application.

[0069] In some embodiments, to ensure that the force on the transmission shaft 130 is as uniform as possible and facilitate production, the layout of each energy storage module 140 in the energy storage station 100 is exactly the same. Looking from Figure 1 the arrangement form of the energy storage sub-module 141 is preferably a rectangular array, which is convenient for arranging the pulley block and passing through the steel wire rope 115.

[0070] Refer to Figure 4 、 Figure 5 A gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device for a new energy power generation system provided by an embodiment of the second aspect of the present disclosure includes a control system 300 and a plurality of energy storage workstations 100. Each energy storage workstation 100 is respectively connected to the control system 300 through a control cable 200; each energy storage workstation 100 adopts the Figures 1 to 3 shown energy storage workstation. The control system 300 is used to turn on or off the corresponding number of energy storage workstations 100 according to the energy storage or energy release capacity requirements of the new energy power generation system, and control and monitor the equipment status in each energy storage workstation 100.

[0071] Furthermore, the control system 300 controls the working modes of each energy storage workstation 100 according to the energy storage and energy release instructions of the new energy power generation system: when the power generated by the new energy power generation site is less, the new energy power generation system instructs the control system 300 to start a single or a few energy storage workstations 100 to participate in energy storage; when the power generated by the new energy power generation site is close to full load, the new energy power generation system instructs the control system 300 to start all energy storage workstations 100 to participate in energy storage at the same time; when the power generation of the new energy power generation site is gradually increasing, the new energy power generation system instructs the control system 300 to start a single or multiple energy storage workstations 100 to participate in energy storage one after another.

[0072] In some embodiments, the number of energy storage workstations 100 included in the gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device can be 3 or more, even hundreds, to achieve complete consumption of new energy (such as wind power and photovoltaic power) generation. When there is a demand in the power grid, the control system 300 makes the energy storage devices with different energy storage capacities and quantity combinations in each energy storage workstation 100 do work on their respective transmission shafts 130, so that the gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device can generate electricity stably for a long time within a certain power range, thereby realizing artificially controllable and stable power transmission to the power grid.

[0073] In some embodiments, the control system 300 includes a number of sensing units 310, an operation controller 320, a grid connection control unit 330, a safety protection unit 340, a monitoring unit 350, a communication interface circuit 360, and a user interface 370. Among them, each sensing unit 310 is respectively disposed in a corresponding energy storage workstation 100, and each includes a rotational speed sensor 311, a distance measuring sensor 312, and a force measuring sensor 313. The rotational speed sensor 311 is connected to the main shaft of the power generation motor 170 for measuring the rotational speed of the power generation motor 170. The distance measuring sensor 312 is used to measure the position of the upper surface of the heavy object 141b to sense the real-time energy storage or energy release margin of the energy storage module 140; during energy storage operation, when the distance measured by the distance measuring sensor 312 indicates full-load energy storage, the control operator 320 uses the brake 111 to brake the drum 114 in the suspension module 110, and at the same time controls the second clutch 121 to disconnect the transmission chain between the transmission shaft 130 and the suspension module 110; during energy release operation, when the distance measured by the distance measuring sensor 312 indicates full-load energy release, the control operator 320 uses the brake 111 to brake the drum 114 in the suspension module 110, and at the same time controls the second clutch 121 to disconnect the transmission chain between the transmission shaft 130 and the suspension module 110. The force measuring sensor 313 is connected between the end of the wire rope 115 and the bottom plate 181 of the frame 180 for measuring the tension on the wire rope 115, thereby determining whether the energy storage device is jammed or the wire rope is broken, or reflecting whether it matches the working process by the change of the tension within a specified range; when the measured tension value of the force measuring sensor 313 is abnormal, the control operator 320 uses the brake 111 to brake the drum 114 in the suspension module 110, and at the same time controls the second clutch 121 to disconnect the transmission chain between the transmission shaft 130 and the suspension module 110. The grid connection control unit 330 is used to connect the electric energy generated by the gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device to the main power grid. The safety protection unit 340 is used to handle emergencies. When the parameters exceed the preset working range, such as when the motor speed exceeds the predetermined value or the distance trend reflected by the distance measuring sensor 312 is inconsistent with the wire rope 115 tension trend reflected by the force measuring sensor 313, the brake 111 is promptly turned on, the first clutch 150 and the second clutch 121 are disconnected, and the problematic energy storage workstation 100 is shut down. The monitoring unit 350 is used to monitor the working states of the suspension module 110 and the energy storage module 140 in real time and transmit the data to the operation controller 320, the safety protection unit 340, and the user interface 370. The communication interface circuit 360 is used for data communication during the working process of the gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device in this embodiment, including but not limited to data communication between the control system 300 and the energy storage workstation 100, and data communication and control signals between the operation controller 320 and the sensing unit 310, the brake 111, the second clutch 121, the first clutch 150, and the power generation motor 170.The user interface 370 is used to input user instructions, change parameters, display the operating status, data, faults, etc. of the energy storage workstation 100; the human-computer interaction and display functions of the user interface 370 are realized through the computer user display system and the real-time traceability system. The operation controller 320, as the center of the control system 300, is connected to the sensing unit 310, the grid connection control unit 330, the safety protection unit 340, the monitoring unit 350, the communication interface circuit 360, and the user interface 370, and plays a role in operation monitoring, including starting and stopping of the energy storage workstation 100, control of other functional modules, grid connection monitoring, etc.; the operation controller 320 mainly realizes these functions through a programmable controller. In addition, the operation controller 320 of the control system 300 is connected to various sensors in the energy storage workstation 100 through the control cable 200, and is also connected to the brake 111, the second clutch 121, the first clutch 150, and the motor-generator 170 to realize the control of the working mode and the monitoring of the working state of the energy storage workstation 100.

[0074] In some embodiments, the operation process of the gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device includes:

[0075] During energy storage operation: The control system 300 activates the energy storage devices in the corresponding number of energy storage workstations 100 according to the energy storage capacity requirements of the new energy power generation field. Among the energy storage devices in the activated energy storage workstations 100, the control system 300 first starts the first energy storage module 140: First, engage the second clutch 121 and the first clutch 150, then release the brake 111 on the drum 114, and at the same time connect the power cable 171 to start the power generation motor 170. Use the transmission 160 to increase the torque and drive the drive shaft 130. The drive shaft 130 transmits the torque to the suspension module 110 through the mechanical transmission module 120: The drive shaft 130 rotates the second sprocket 125 through the one-way overrunning clutch 126 thereon. The second sprocket 125 rotates the first sprocket 123 through the chain 124. The first sprocket 123 rotates the drum 114 through the second clutch 121, causing the drum 114 to wind the wire rope 115. When the drum 114 winds the wire rope 115, in each energy storage sub-module 141, the movable pulley 118 is pulled, causing the heavy object 141b to move upward. At the same time, the vacuum volume inside the vacuum element 141a increases to form pressure potential energy, and the heavy object 141b moves upward synchronously to generate gravitational potential energy. When the control system 300 senses through the distance measuring sensor 312 that all the heavy objects 141b in this energy storage module 140 reach the first set position, it is determined that all the energy storage sub-modules 141 in this energy storage module 140 are in full-load energy storage. Then, brake the drum 114 through the brake 111, and at the same time disengage the second clutch 121 from the transmission connection of the drive shaft 130. Then the energy storage of the first energy storage module ends. At the same time, the brake 111 on the suspension module 110 of the second energy storage module is released, and the second clutch 121 in the mechanical energy storage module 120 is engaged. The drive shaft 130 stores energy for the second energy storage module 140 through this mechanical transmission module 120, and so on until all the energy storage modules 140 in the energy storage workstation 100 are fully charged. The control system 300 first disconnects the power cable 171 of the power generation motor 170 to brake the power generation motor 170. If there is still surplus electric energy to be stored, the control system 300 then continues to activate the energy storage devices in the remaining energy storage workstations 100 until all the energy storage workstations 100 of the entire gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device are in full-load energy storage, and the energy storage operation ends. When an unexpected situation of no energy storage capacity occurs during the energy storage of a single or part of the energy storage workstations 100, the control system 300 disconnects the power cable 171 of the power generation motor 170 to brake the power generation motor 170. At the same time, brake all the energy storage modules 140 that are in energy storage and disengage the second clutch 121 and the first clutch 150. The energy storage operation of the energy storage workstation 100 is paused. If there are still energy storage requirements in the future, the energy storage workstation 100 whose energy storage operation has been paused will continue the energy storage operation until the full-load energy storage of the energy storage workstation 100 is achieved, and finally the full-load energy storage of the gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device is achieved.

[0076] During the energy release operation: The control system 300 activates the corresponding number of energy storage workstations 100 according to the required energy release capacity. In the activated energy storage workstations 100, the control system 300 first connects the power cable 171 to start the power generation motor 170. The control system 300 first releases the brake of the suspension module 110 corresponding to the first energy storage module 140 in the energy storage workstation 100, and at the same time connects the second clutch 121 in its supporting mechanical transmission module 120 and connects the first clutch 150 between the transmission shaft 130 and the transmission 160. Each energy storage sub-module 141 of the energy storage module 140 drives the movable pulley 118 to move downward through the gravitational potential energy generated by the downward movement of the heavy object 141b and the pressure potential energy generated by the vacuum element 141a due to the reduction of its vacuum volume. The steel wire rope 115 wound around the drum 114 is released by pulling the steel wire rope 115 through the corresponding movable pulley 118. The torque of the drum 114 is transmitted to the transmission shaft 130 through the second clutch 121, the first sprocket 123, the chain 124, the second sprocket 125 and the one-way overrunning clutch 126 in the mechanical transmission module 120 in sequence. The transmission shaft 130 transmits the motion to the low-speed shaft of the transmission 160 through the first clutch 150, and then to the power generation motor 170 through its high-speed shaft, thereby driving the power generation motor 170 to rotate and generate electricity. The vacuum volume inside each vacuum element 141a of the first energy storage module becomes smaller, and the heavy object 141b gradually descends. When the heavy object 141b in the first energy storage module 140 descends to reach the second set position, it indicates that the first energy storage module 140 is fully loaded with energy release. Then the control system 300 controls its supporting brake 111 to brake the drum 114 and disengages the second clutch 121. At the same time, the second energy storage module 140 starts to release energy with a very small time advance before the brake 111 of the first energy storage module 140 brakes the drum 114 to ensure the stable power generation of the power generation motor 170. Since the element connecting the mechanical transmission module 120 of the first energy storage module 140 to the transmission shaft 130 is a one-way overrunning clutch 126, the mechanical transmission module 120 of the second energy storage module 140 after the first energy storage module 140 finishes releasing energy alone will not hinder the rotation of the transmission shaft 130. Until all the energy storage modules 140 in the energy storage workstation 100 have released energy, the control system 300 disconnects the power cable 171 of the power generation motor 170 in this energy storage workstation 100 to brake the power generation motor 170. All the drums 114 are braked by the brakes 111, and all the second clutches 121 are disengaged, and the energy release of this energy storage workstation 100 ends. If the gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device still has energy release requirements, the control system 300 activates the remaining energy storage workstations 100 that have not released energy and continues to release energy according to the above energy release mode until the entire gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device realizes full-load energy release;When a single or some energy storage workstations 100 are in the process of discharging energy and an unexpected situation where energy discharge is not required occurs, the control system 300 first disconnects the power cable 171 to brake the power generation motor 170. At the same time, it brakes the energy storage modules 140 that are discharging energy in the energy storage workstation 100. The vacuum element 141a and the heavy object 141b stop moving at their current positions, and the energy discharge operation is paused. If there is still an energy discharge requirement in the subsequent process, the energy storage workstation 100 whose energy discharge operation has been paused continues the energy discharge operation to achieve full-load energy discharge of the energy storage workstation 100, and finally the gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device achieves full-load energy discharge.

[0077] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "schematic embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0078] Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and purposes of the present disclosure. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage workstation for a new energy power generation system, characterized in that: It includes a frame, and a transmission shaft, a first clutch, a transmission, a generator motor and a plurality of energy storage modules all located within the area covered by the frame, and each energy storage module is respectively equipped with a suspension module and a mechanical transmission module; Each energy storage module is connected to the transmission shaft through the corresponding suspension module and the mechanical transmission module and is evenly arranged on both sides of the transmission shaft. A single energy storage module has a plurality of energy storage sub-modules arranged in an array, with the direction parallel to the transmission shaft as the row and the direction perpendicular to the transmission shaft as the column. The energy storage sub-modules in the same row or column are regarded as a group of energy storage sub-modules. The energy storage submodule comprises a vacuum element and a weight; a closed chamber is formed inside the vacuum element, one end of the vacuum element is a fixed end, and the other end is a movable end, and the weight is fixedly connected to the movable end of the vacuum element; The suspension module is connected between the matching mechanical transmission module and the energy storage module, and the suspension module includes a drum wound with a steel wire rope, a plurality of pulley groups and a plurality of inter-group fixed pulleys. The drum is supported in the frame, and each pulley group cooperates with a corresponding energy storage submodule in the energy storage module, each pulley group consists of at least two fixed pulleys and at least one movable pulley, and one inter-group fixed pulley is respectively arranged between adjacent groups in the energy storage module; one end of the steel wire rope is fixed on the drum, and the other end is fixedly connected to the frame after passing through each pulley group and the inter-group fixed pulley in sequence; as the number of turns of the steel wire rope wound on the drum changes, the movable ends of the weights and vacuum elements in the energy storage module move synchronously with the corresponding movable pulleys, so that the gravitational potential energy generated by the movement of each weight and the pressure potential energy generated by the change of the vacuum volume of the closed chamber inside each vacuum element change synchronously, thereby realizing energy storage and energy release; The transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the frame, one end of the transmission shaft is connected to one end of the transmission through the first clutch, and the other end of the transmission is connected to the generator motor through an elastic coupling. The transmission matches the speed difference between the transmission shaft and the set speed of the generator motor, and the generator motor is connected to the power cable of the new energy power generation system through a power cable.

2. The energy storage workstation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum element forms a vacuum by moving part of its inner surface in at least one direction to increase the internal closed chamber, and forms a pressure difference with the external atmospheric pressure, thereby generating pressure release energy. The pressure potential energy is the position release energy generated by the pressure acting on the active end of the vacuum element.

3. The energy storage workstation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum element is in any of the following forms: ① The vacuum element adopts a cylindrical shell with an opening at one end and an annular sealing assembly at the opening. The weight is connected to the sealing assembly at the opening of the cylindrical shell as a plunger of the vacuum element. The weight is extended into or out of the cylindrical shell, so that the vacuum volume of the closed chamber inside the cylindrical shell is reduced or increased; ② The vacuum element adopts a cylindrical closed shell with a telescopic side wall, the top of the closed shell is fixedly connected to the weight, and the top of the closed shell is driven by the weight to move up and down, so that the vacuum volume of the closed chamber inside the closed shell increases or decreases; ③ The vacuum element adopts a cylindrical closed shell with a foldable side wall, and a guide constraint is arranged on the periphery of the vacuum element. The top end of the closed shell is fixedly connected to the weight, and the weight drives the top end of the closed shell to move up and down, so that the vacuum volume of the closed chamber inside the closed shell increases or decreases.

4. The energy storage workstation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission shaft, the reel and the mechanical transmission mechanism are all arranged close to the bottom plate of the frame, and the transmission shaft is perpendicular to the long side of the bottom plate.

5. The energy storage workstation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical transmission module adopts a sprocket chain transmission method, a gear transmission method or a synchronous toothed belt transmission method to realize the mechanical transmission between the transmission shaft and the energy storage module.

6. The energy storage workstation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical transmission module includes a second clutch, a clutch bracket, a first sprocket, a chain, a second sprocket and a one-way overrunning clutch; the second clutch is connected to the reel, the second clutch and the first sprocket are supported on the bottom plate of the frame through the clutch bracket, the outer cylindrical surface of the one-way overrunning clutch cooperates with the inner hole of the second sprocket, the inner hole of the one-way overrunning clutch is sleeved on the transmission shaft, and the motion is transmitted between the first sprocket and the second sprocket through the chain.

7. The energy storage workstation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suspension module also includes a brake and a reel support, the reel support is fixed to the bottom plate of the frame, the reel is fixedly sleeved on the reel shaft, and the reel shaft is rotatably connected to the reel support.

8. The energy storage workstation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each pulley group in the suspension module is respectively composed of two fixed pulleys and one movable pulley, all the pulleys in a single suspension module are connected by a steel wire rope, the two fixed pulleys are arranged above a matching energy storage submodule and are fixedly connected to the frame, and the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley are rotatably sleeved on the same fixed shaft; the weight is connected to the connecting shaft above it, and the movable pulley is rotatably sleeved on the connecting shaft above the weight in a matching energy storage submodule; In a single pulley block, the steel wire rope passes through the first fixed pulley, the movable pulley and the second fixed pulley in sequence.

9. The energy storage workstation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inter-group fixed pulley is fixed on the bottom plate of the frame, and the directions of the steel wire ropes in two adjacent groups of energy storage submodules are opposite through the inter-group fixed pulley.

10. A gravity-vacuum hybrid energy storage device for a new energy power generation system, characterized in that: It includes a control system and a plurality of energy storage workstations, each of which is connected to the control system via a control cable; The energy storage workstation adopts the energy storage workstation according to any one of claims 1 to 9; The control system is used to open or close a corresponding number of the energy storage workstations according to the energy storage or release capacity requirements of the new energy power generation system, and to control and monitor the equipment status in each energy storage workstation.

11. The energy storage device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The control system includes an operation controller and a grid-connected control unit, a safety protection unit, a monitoring unit, a communication interface circuit, a user interface and a plurality of sensor units connected thereto; each sensor unit is respectively arranged in a corresponding energy storage workstation, including a speed sensor for detecting the speed of the generator motor, a distance sensor for detecting the position of the upper surface of the heavy object and a force sensor for sensing the tension value of the wire rope; the grid-connected control unit is used to connect the electric energy generated by the energy storage device to the main power grid; the safety protection unit is used to deal with emergencies, and when the parameters exceed the preset working range, the energy storage workstation with the problem is closed in time; The monitoring unit is used to monitor the working status of the energy storage workstation in real time and transmit the data to the operation controller, the safety protection unit and the user interface; The communication interface circuit is used to realize data communication during the operation of the energy storage device; the user interface is used to input user instructions, change parameters, and display the operating status, data and fault conditions of the energy storage workstation; the operation controller is used for operation monitoring of the energy storage workstation, including start and stop control, control of various electronic components and power grid monitoring, wherein the operation controller adjusts the generator motor according to the speed detected by the speed sensor so that the speed of the generator motor runs within the set speed range, the operation controller senses the real-time energy storage or energy release margin of the energy storage module according to the distance detected by the distance measuring sensor to control the corresponding suspension module, and the operation controller also controls the corresponding suspension module according to the tension sensed by the force sensor.

12. The energy storage device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The operation process of the energy storage device includes: During energy storage operation: The control system opens a corresponding number of energy storage workstations according to the energy storage capacity requirements of the new energy power plant. In the opened energy storage workstations, the control system first connects the transmission line between the first energy storage module and the generator motor, releases the brake on the suspension module corresponding to the first energy storage module, and simultaneously connects the power cable to start the generator motor. The volume of each vacuum element of the first energy storage module increases linearly with the increase of the upward moving distance of the weight. When the weight reaches the first set position, it is determined that all energy storage sub-modules in the first energy storage module are in full-load energy storage, then the suspension module corresponding to the first energy storage module is braked, and the transmission line between the first energy storage module and the transmission shaft is disconnected. After the energy storage of the first energy storage module is completed, the control system starts the remaining energy storage modules in sequence according to the same operation as the first energy storage module, until When all the energy storage modules in the opened energy storage workstation have completed energy storage, the control system disconnects the power cables and brakes the generator motor; if there is still surplus electric energy to be stored, the control system will continue to open the remaining energy storage workstations that have not achieved full-load energy storage. When all energy storage workstations are fully loaded with energy, the energy storage operation is completed; when a single or part of the energy storage workstations are storing energy and there is an unexpected lack of energy storage capacity, the control system disconnects the power cables to brake the generator motor, and at the same time brakes all the suspension modules that are storing energy and disconnects the transmission lines between all the energy storage modules that are storing energy and the generator motor, and the energy storage operation of the energy storage workstation is suspended. If there is subsequent energy storage demand, the energy storage workstation whose energy storage operation is suspended will continue the energy storage operation until the energy storage workstation achieves full-load energy storage, and finally achieves full-load energy storage of the energy storage device; During energy release operation: The control system opens a corresponding number of energy storage workstations according to the required energy release capacity. In the opened energy storage workstation, the control system first connects the power cable to start the generator motor. The control system first releases the brake on the suspension module corresponding to the first energy storage module in the energy storage workstation, and at the same time connects the transmission route between the first energy storage module and the generator motor, and controls the drum to release the wire rope to prepare the generator motor for power generation. When the vacuum volume of each vacuum element of the first energy storage module is reduced under the action of atmospheric pressure, the weight, with the help of gravity, drives the generator motor to generate electricity through the suspension module, mechanical transmission module, transmission shaft and speed increaser in sequence. When the weight in the first energy storage module reaches the second set position, it indicates that the current energy release of the first energy storage module has ended, and the control system brakes the first energy storage module. The suspension module corresponding to the energy storage module is activated, and the transmission route between the first energy storage module and the transmission shaft is disconnected. The energy release of the first energy storage module is completed, and the control system releases the remaining energy storage modules in turn according to the same operation until all energy storage modules in the opened energy storage workstation have completed energy release and the energy storage workstation has completed energy release; when the energy storage workstation is releasing energy and an unexpected situation occurs where energy release is not required, the control system first disconnects the power cable and brakes the generator motor, and at the same time brakes the suspension module that is releasing energy and disconnects the transmission route between all energy storage modules that are releasing energy and the generator motor, and the energy release operation of the energy storage workstation is suspended. If there is a subsequent energy release requirement, the energy storage workstation that has been suspended from releasing energy will continue to release energy until the full-load energy release of the energy storage workstation is achieved, and finally the full-load energy release of the energy storage device is achieved.

Images