Out-of-season flowering cultivation method for ornamental peach blossoms

Abstract

The invention relates to an out-of-season flowering cultivation method for ornamental peach blossoms, aims to produce ornamental sweet-glue flowers in northern areas, and belongs to the technical field of gardening cultivation. The method is characterized in that a naturally overwintering potted peach blossom variety is moved into a greenhouse for artificial dormancy breaking and flower bud differentiation promotion. Peach saplings of varieties such as red pendent branches, cinnabar pendent branches and red peaches which are 3-5 years old are selected and naturally overwintering in an open field, and fertilization is performed before leaves of autumn trees fall so as to improve nutrients of the trees. Transferring the peach seedlings into a greenhouse according to the date of Spring Festival every year for breaking dormancy and forcing flowers; the growth time of the peach trees in the greenhouse is 5-6 weeks so as to achieve the optimal ornamental period during the Spring Festival; the temperature supplied to the greenhouse is about 24 DEG C at night and about 35 DEG C at daytime; meanwhile, water supply is recovered. A large number of tests prove that the method can enable various peach tree varieties to bloom during the Spring Festival. Through the out-of-season cultivation mode, ornamental peach blossoms can be obtained in northern areas during the Spring Festival, the varieties of flowers at the sweet dumplings are enriched, and the flower market at the sweet dumplings is expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for cultivating ornamental peach flowers in off-season flowering, so as to produce ornamental New Year flowers in northern areas, and belongs to the technical field of horticulture and agricultural cultivation. Background Art

[0002] Because peach trees contain beautiful blessings, peach blossoms are popular New Year flowers in Guangdong, Hong Kong and other regions, and are even known as "Chinese Christmas trees". However, due to climate limitations, the natural flowering period of peach blossoms in northern regions is between April and May, and naturally grown peach blossoms cannot be used as New Year flowers in northern regions. Therefore, it is necessary to apply an off-season flowering cultivation promotion method to artificially break natural dormancy in order to promote peach trees to bloom between January and February in the north, i.e. during the Spring Festival. The off-season cultivation of flowers is to take applicable technical measures according to the biological characteristics and ecological habits of flowers to meet the requirements of their flowering physiological mechanisms so that they can bloom in a specific period when they need to use flowers. Commonly used off-season cultivation methods include the regulation of light, temperature, moisture, and hormones to break conventional dormancy so that each flower species can bloom in the non-flowering period of nature. The present invention discloses such off-season cultivation processing details in order to cultivate peach blossoms into New Year flowers in northern regions to meet the urgent needs of the current market. Summary of the invention

[0003] Choose 3-5 year old peach saplings of varieties such as 'Red Weeping Branches', 'Red Pink Weeping Branches', and 'Feitao', because these varieties have red flowers and double petals, and the viewing effect is more suitable for the joyful atmosphere of the Spring Festival;

[0004] Peach trees need to be treated with effective low temperature for a certain period of time before they can bloom. Different varieties require different amounts of cold (referring to the number of hours of effective low temperature required to break the natural dormancy of deciduous fruit trees). The above varieties require about 850h-1000h of cold. Therefore, we placed the potted peach seedlings outdoors in the early stage to allow them to overwinter naturally in the open field to complete the accumulation of cold and vernalization.

[0005] In autumn, when peach trees are weak in growth, a series of cultivation and management measures are required. At the autumnal equinox, apply 200 times diluted paclobutrazol to promote flower buds and increase the number of flowers on peach trees; in late autumn, spray 5% lime sulfur mixture after the trees are dormant to prevent diseases (perforation disease, anthracnose, etc.) and insect pests (red spiders, leaf rollers, etc.); peach trees should also be pruned in autumn, and the tree shape should be pruned into a natural open-heart shape to open the crown, increase light exposure, and enhance the ornamental value of the tree;

[0006] According to the specific date of the Spring Festival each year, the potted peach trees that have naturally overwintered are moved into the greenhouse to artificially break dormancy and promote flower bud germination; the peach trees should grow in the greenhouse for 5-6 weeks to reach the best viewing period during the Spring Festival;

[0007] The temperature of the greenhouse should be around 24℃ at night and around 35℃ during the day. After the peach trees are moved into the greenhouse, they should be managed during the growing season. After 2-3 days of moving into the greenhouse, water supply should be resumed after the soil thaws. The principle of watering is to water when the soil is dry and wet when the soil is wet. Keep the soil moderately dry and wet, and avoid water accumulation.

[0008] Depending on the germination of peach buds, the best viewing period during the Spring Festival can be ensured by adjusting the temperature, applying water and fertilizer management, and removing leaves. If the peach blossom blooms earlier than the Spring Festival, the flowering period can be suppressed by appropriately lowering the greenhouse temperature and reducing the amount of watering; if the flowering period is expected to be later than the Spring Festival, the flowering period can be promoted by appropriately raising the heating temperature, increasing the amount of water, applying quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer or decomposed organic fertilizer, and appropriately spraying 50mg / L gibberellin GA3, so as to ensure that the peach blossoms reach the best viewing effect during the Spring Festival.

Claims

1. The present invention discloses a method for cultivating ornamental peach blossoms in off-season, so as to produce ornamental New Year flowers in northern China; 3-5 year-old peach seedlings of varieties such as 'Red Weeping Branches', 'Red Pink Weeping Branches' and 'Fei Tao' are selected for potting, and are naturally overwintered in the open field to complete the vernalization effect; sandy loam is selected as potting soil.

2. Apply paclobutrazol fertilizer during the autumnal equinox to stimulate the growth of flower buds and encourage peach trees to produce more flowers; spray 5% lime sulfur mixture after the trees go dormant in autumn to prevent diseases and insect pests; prune peach trees in autumn to a natural open heart shape to open the crown, make full use of light, and enhance the ornamental value of the trees.

3. According to the date of the Spring Festival each year, the potted peach varieties that naturally overwinter are moved into the greenhouse to artificially break dormancy and promote flower bud differentiation; the peach seedlings should grow in the greenhouse for 5-6 weeks to reach the best viewing period during the Spring Festival.

4. The temperature of the greenhouse should be around 24℃ at night and around 35℃ during the day. At the same time, manage the peach trees during the growing season, restore water supply, and water them according to the principle of watering when the soil is dry and wet, keeping the soil moderately dry and wet without water accumulation.

5. Depending on the germination of peach flower buds, the best viewing period during the Spring Festival can be ensured by adjusting temperature, controlling water and fertilizer management, and removing leaves.