Machining device and method for variable-curvature revolution surface profiling electrolytic milling

Abstract

The invention discloses a machining device and method for variable-curvature revolution surface profiling electrolytic milling. The machining device comprises a machine tool, an X-axis moving platform, a Z-axis moving platform, a connecting rod, a profiling tool cathode, a workpiece and a rotary electricity leading platform. The profiling tool cathode and the connecting rod are fixedly connected with the Z-axis moving platform from bottom to top; and the workpiece is fixedly mounted on the rotary electricity leading platform. According to the method, the variable-curvature curved surface can be machined through the simple profiling tool cathode, the whole revolution curved surface can be machined under the machining of multiple arc sections, the roughness of the surface obtained after machining is low, the manufacturing cost of the cathode is reduced, the flow field characteristics are simplified, and the application range of electrolytic milling machining is widened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic machining, and in particular to a machining device and method for electrolytic milling of variable curvature rotary curved surfaces. Background Art

[0002] In the field of aerospace, materials such as titanium alloys, nickel-based high-temperature alloys, and aluminum-based silicon carbide play an irreplaceable role in the manufacture of high-performance aviation components due to their excellent physical properties such as high strength, corrosion resistance, and good thermal stability. However, these materials also bring significant challenges to traditional machining processes. Due to the high hardness and strength of these materials, the chips generated during the machining process are difficult to discharge smoothly, which can easily cause tool damage and deterioration of the workpiece surface quality; at the same time, these materials have poor thermal conductivity, and the heat generated during machining is difficult to conduct away quickly, resulting in local overheating, which not only affects the machining accuracy, but also accelerates the wear of the tool. These problems make it difficult to meet the requirements of high quality, high efficiency, low cost, and high precision when machining these difficult-to-machine materials.

[0003] Copy electrolytic machining has more advantages in machining the above-mentioned difficult-to-machine materials due to its advantages of no burrs, no recast layer, no heat-affected zone, and no tool loss. However, the cathode of copy machining is unique, the manufacturing cost is high, and the flow field control is difficult, making it difficult to achieve precision machining. Compared with copy machining, fly-by electrolytic milling is more flexible and can process complex surfaces by controlling the cathode's trajectory. Therefore, the fly-by electrolytic milling process has broad application prospects in the field of aerospace structural parts processing.

[0004] Aerospace structural parts such as casings, side wall bearing structures of return capsules, large thin-walled hard aluminum alloy box plates, etc., often have structures with rotating surfaces. The processing of this variable curvature rotating body structure has high requirements for machine tools, and conventional three-axis machine tools are difficult to meet the processing requirements. For this type of part, electrolytic milling has unique advantages, and the entire rotating body part can be processed through the profiling design of the tool cathode.

[0005] However, due to the lack of relevant equipment and technology, it is impossible to use three-axis machine tools to realize the processing of variable curvature rotational body parts. Therefore, designing a processing method and device for electrolytic milling of variable curvature rotational surface profiling is of great significance to accelerate the application of electrolytic milling processing technology in the aerospace field. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the specification abstract and the invention title of this application to avoid blurring the purpose of this section, the specification abstract and the invention title, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0007] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned existing processing devices and methods for electrolytic milling of variable curvature rotary surfaces, the present invention is proposed.

[0008] Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a processing device and method for electrolytic milling of variable curvature rotational surfaces, which can process variable curvature surfaces through a simple profiling tool cathode, and can process the entire rotational surface under multiple arc segment processing. The surface roughness obtained after processing is low, which reduces the manufacturing cost of the cathode and simplifies the flow field characteristics, thereby broadening the application scope of electrolytic milling processing.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a processing device for electrolytic milling of variable curvature rotary curved surfaces, comprising a machine tool, an X-axis moving platform, a Z-axis moving platform, a connecting rod, a profiling tool cathode, a workpiece and a rotating power-inducing platform;

[0010] The cathode and the connecting rod of the profiling tool are fixedly connected to the Z-axis moving platform from bottom to top; and the workpiece is fixedly mounted on the rotating power-inducing platform.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the processing device for profiling electrolytic milling of variable curvature rotary surfaces described in the present invention, the cathode center line of the profiling tool is located on the generatrix of the rotary workpiece.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the processing device for electrolytic milling of variable curvature rotary surface described in the present invention, the bottom end of the cathode of the profiling tool adopts a profiling design, which is designed according to the surface characteristics of the arc segment to be processed, and the side curvature is also consistent with the arc segment curvature.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the processing device for profiling electrolytic milling of variable curvature rotary surfaces described in the present invention, the processing gap between the cathode of the profiling tool and the workpiece is 0.2 mm.

[0014] A machining method for electrolytic milling of a variable curvature rotary surface comprises the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Connect the connecting rod to the Z-axis moving platform;

[0016] Step 2, the cathode of the profiling tool is connected to the connecting rod;

[0017] Step 3, controlling the X-axis moving platform and the Z-axis moving platform to move and align the tool, so that the gap between the cathode end surface of the profiling tool and the surface of the workpiece is consistent;

[0018] Step 4, opening the electrolyte transport system to allow the electrolyte to be sprayed onto the workpiece surface through the internal flow channel of the cathode of the profiling tool;

[0019] Step 5, start the power supply and the machine tool control system to start electrolytic machining;

[0020] Step 6: Turn off the power supply and electrolyte after the processing is completed;

[0021] Step seven, change the cutter for the next arc segment and repeat the above steps for processing.

[0022] As a preferred solution of the processing method for electrolytic milling of variable curvature rotational surfaces described in the present invention, the cathode of the profiling tool is parked at a certain arc segment of the workpiece generatrix, the electrolyte is sprayed into the processing area from the cathode outlet gap, and after the power is turned on, the rotating power-inducing platform drives the workpiece to rotate for electrolytic processing. After the processing of this arc segment is completed, the tool cathode is replaced and moved to the next arc segment processing position using the mobile platform, and this process is repeated until the electrolytic processing of the entire rotational surface is completed.

[0023] As a preferred solution of the processing method for electrolytic milling of variable curvature rotary surface according to the present invention, an internal liquid spraying method is adopted, and the electrolyte is injected into the processing area through the liquid inlet pipe of the cathode 5 of the profiling tool.

[0024] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0025] 1. The cathode design of discretized curved surface profiling tool is adopted, which greatly reduces the manufacturing cost of the cathode and simplifies the flow field characteristics.

[0026] 2. The cathode of the profiling tool is used to process the arc segment of the curved surface, which simplifies the cathode movement trajectory and broadens the application scope of electrolytic milling.

[0027] 3. The cathode of the profiling tool is used to realize the integration of rough machining and semi-finishing machining. The entire rotary surface can be processed by rotating the workpiece, which improves the applicability of the process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor. Among them:

[0029] Figure 1The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the processing device and method for electrolytic milling of variable curvature rotary surfaces according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of processing different arc segments of a part of the processing device and method for electrolytic milling of variable curvature rotary surfaces. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0032] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0033] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0034] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagram. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the sake of convenience, the cross-sectional diagrams showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0035] Reference Figure 1-Figure 2 , a processing device for electrolytic milling of variable curvature rotary curved surface is provided, comprising a machine tool 1, an X-axis moving platform 2, a Z-axis moving platform 3, a connecting rod 4, a profiling tool cathode 5, a workpiece 6 and a rotating power-inducing platform 7;

[0036] The cathode 5 and the connecting rod 4 of the profiling tool are fixedly connected to the Z-axis moving platform 3 from bottom to top; and the workpiece 6 is fixedly mounted on the rotating power-inducing platform 7 .

[0037] The center line of the profiling tool cathode 5 is located on the generatrix of the rotating workpiece 6. Specifically, the bottom end of the profiling tool cathode 5 adopts a profiling design, which is designed according to the surface characteristics of the arc segment to be processed, and the side curvature is consistent with the arc segment curvature.

[0038] The machining gap between the profiling tool cathode 4 and the workpiece 6 is 0.2 mm.

[0039] A machining method for electrolytic milling of a variable curvature rotary surface comprises the following steps:

[0040] Step 1, connecting the connecting rod 4 to the Z-axis moving platform 3;

[0041] Step 2, the profiling tool cathode 5 is connected to the connecting rod 4;

[0042] Step 3, controlling the X-axis moving platform 2 and the Z-axis moving platform 3 to move and perform tool setting, so that the gap between the end face of the profiling tool cathode 5 and the surface of the workpiece 6 is consistent;

[0043] Step 4, opening the electrolyte transport system to allow the electrolyte to be sprayed onto the surface of the workpiece 6 through the internal flow channel of the cathode 5 of the profiling tool;

[0044] Step 5, start the power supply and the machine tool control system to start electrolytic machining;

[0045] Step 6: Turn off the power supply and electrolyte after the processing is completed;

[0046] Step seven, change the cutter for the next arc segment and repeat the above steps for processing.

[0047] Among them, the profiling tool cathode 5 is parked at a certain arc segment of the workpiece 6 busbar, and the electrolyte is sprayed into the processing area from the cathode outlet gap. After the power is turned on, the rotating power-inducing platform 7 drives the workpiece 6 to rotate for electrolytic processing. After the processing of this arc segment is completed, the tool cathode is replaced and moved to the next arc segment processing position using the mobile platform. This process is repeated until the electrolytic processing of the entire rotary surface is completed.

[0048] Specifically, the electrolyte is injected into the processing area through the liquid inlet pipe of the cathode 5 of the profiling tool by adopting the liquid discharge method of the internal liquid spraying.

[0049] The present invention adopts a discrete curved surface profiling tool cathode design, which greatly reduces the manufacturing cost of the cathode and simplifies the flow field characteristics; adopts a profiling tool cathode to process the curved surface arc segment, simplifies the cathode movement trajectory, and broadens the application scope of electrolytic milling processing; adopts a profiling tool cathode to realize the integration of rough processing and semi-finishing processing, and the processing of the entire rotary curved surface can be completed by rotating the workpiece, thereby improving the applicability of the process.

[0050] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A processing device for electrolytic milling of variable curvature rotary surfaces, characterized in that: It comprises a machine tool (1), an X-axis moving platform (2), a Z-axis moving platform (3), a connecting rod (4), a profiling tool cathode (5), a workpiece (6) and a rotating power-inducing platform (7); The profiling tool cathode (5) and the connecting rod (4) are fixedly connected to the Z-axis moving platform (3) from bottom to top; and the workpiece (6) is fixedly mounted on the rotating power-inducing platform (7).

2. The processing device for electrolytic milling of variable curvature rotary surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center line of the cathode (5) of the profiling tool is located on the generatrix of the rotating workpiece (6).

3. The processing device for electrolytic milling of variable curvature rotary surface according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom end of the profiling tool cathode (5) is designed in a profiling manner according to the curved surface characteristics of the arc segment to be processed, and the curvature of the side surface is consistent with the curvature of the arc segment.

4. The processing device for electrolytic milling of variable curvature rotary surface according to claim 3, characterized in that: The machining gap between the profiling tool cathode (4) and the workpiece (6) is 0.2 mm.

5. A machining method for electrolytic milling of variable curvature rotary surfaces, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, connecting the connecting rod (4) to the Z-axis moving platform (3); Step 2, the profiling tool cathode (5) is connected to the connecting rod (4); Step 3, controlling the X-axis moving platform (2) and the Z-axis moving platform (3) to move and perform tool alignment, so that the gap between the end face of the profiling tool cathode (5) and the surface of the workpiece (6) is consistent; Step 4, opening the electrolyte transport system to allow the electrolyte to be sprayed onto the surface of the workpiece (6) through the internal flow channel of the cathode (5) of the profiling tool; Step 5, start the power supply and the machine tool control system to start electrolytic machining; Step 6: Turn off the power supply and electrolyte after the processing is completed; Step seven, change the cutter for the next arc segment and repeat the above steps for processing.

6. The processing method for electrolytic milling of variable curvature rotary surface according to claim 5, characterized in that: The profiling tool cathode (5) is parked at a certain arc segment of the workpiece (6) generatrix, and the electrolyte is sprayed into the processing area from the cathode outlet slit. After the power is turned on, the rotating power-inducing platform (7) drives the workpiece (6) to rotate for electrolytic processing. After the processing of this arc segment is completed, the tool cathode is replaced and moved to the next arc segment processing position using the mobile platform. This process is repeated until the electrolytic processing of the entire rotary curved surface is completed.

7. The processing method for electrolytic milling of variable curvature rotary surface according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electrolyte is injected into the processing area through the liquid inlet pipe of the cathode (5) of the profiling tool by adopting the liquid discharge mode of the internal liquid spraying.

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