Explosive welding and impact welding metal plate preparation method based on wave impedance principle

Abstract

The invention discloses an explosive welding and impact welding metal plate preparation method based on a wave impedance matching principle. The explosive welding and impact welding metal plate preparation method aims at effectively achieving welding of a brittle high-melting-point metal material and other metal materials. According to the method, a fixing tool with a clamping groove is made of a non-brittle metal material, the size of the clamping groove is the same as that of a brittle high-melting-point metal plate, the brittle high-melting-point metal plate is embedded into the clamping groove to form a composite substrate, and the fixing tool and the brittle high-melting-point metal plate are heated to a proper temperature through a heating part and subjected to heat preservation; a light-gas gun experimental device is used for pushing the flying plate to collide with the base plate at a high speed to achieve impact welding, and effective welding of the fragile high-melting-point metal is achieved. By the adoption of the method, explosive welding and impact welding of the brittle high-melting-point metal and the dissimilar metal material are achieved, and the welded metal plate has good bonding strength and welding quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metal welding, and in particular to a method for preparing metal plates by explosion welding and impact welding based on the wave impedance principle, which is suitable for welding brittle high-melting-point metal materials with high hardness, high melting temperature and requiring higher pressure. Background Art

[0002] In modern industrial manufacturing, the welding technology of metal materials is one of the key processes. Traditional welding methods often find it difficult to achieve firm welding for brittle high-melting-point metal materials. These materials usually have the characteristics of high melting point, high chemical activity, and large differences in physical properties from conventional welding materials, which leads to defects such as cracks, pores, and poor interface bonding during welding. Traditional welding methods (such as fusion welding, brazing, etc.) often require complex pretreatment and post-treatment processes when welding these difficult-to-weld metals, and the welding quality is difficult to guarantee. In addition, impurities may be introduced during the welding process, affecting the performance of the material. Therefore, it is of great industrial application value to develop an efficient and reliable welding method to achieve a good combination between non-brittle metal materials and brittle high-melting-point metal materials. The present invention achieves high-quality welding of brittle high-melting-point metals by utilizing the wave impedance matching principle and combining explosion welding with impact welding technology. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing metal plates by explosion welding and impact welding based on the principle of wave impedance matching. The method comprises selecting a metal material with a density similar to that of a non-brittle metal material as a fixed tool, excavating a shape matching the brittle high-melting-point metal material, embedding the brittle high-melting-point metal material into the fixed tool to form a composite substrate, heating the composite substrate by a heating component to make the brittle high-melting-point metal material reach a temperature most suitable for welding, and performing high-speed impact welding using a light gas gun experimental device to achieve firm welding of the brittle high-melting-point metal material.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: Select a fixed tooling material, which is a metal material with a density similar to that of other non-brittle metals and a relatively low price; cut a groove on the fixed tooling with the same shape as that required for welding, and the shape of the brittle high-melting-point metal material in the welding material needs to match the shape of the fixed tooling groove, and place the brittle high-melting-point metal material in the cut fixed tooling shape, so that the brittle high-melting-point metal material and the fixed tooling are embedded to form a composite substrate; then cover the composite substrate with a heating component, and the heating component and the composite substrate are tightly fitted to ensure that the composite substrate is evenly heated, and connect a thermostat to keep the temperature constant; select a non-brittle metal material as a flyer plate, the size and shape of the flyer plate should match the metal fixed tooling, and the size of the flyer plate can completely cover the size of the fixed tooling to ensure the integrity of the welding surface; use a light gas gun experimental device, select appropriate welding parameters for welding, and use a high-speed impact method to make the flyer plate obliquely collide with the fixed tooling to complete the welding.

[0005] A method for preparing metal plates by explosion welding and impact welding based on the wave impedance principle comprises the following steps: Step 1: Find a metal material with a density similar to that of the non-brittle metal material and a relatively low price as a fixed tool; Step 2: Cut a groove of the required welding shape on the fixed tooling; Step 3, forming the brittle high melting point metal into a desired shape, and fitting it into the groove of the fixing tool to form a composite substrate; Step 4: Put the heating component on the composite substrate, heat it to a suitable temperature, and maintain the temperature with a thermostat; Step 5, the embedded composite substrate and the heating component are installed on the target stand of the light gas gun; Step 6. Select non-brittle metal material as the flyer plate. The size and shape of the flyer plate should match the metal fixture. The size of the flyer plate should completely cover the size of the fixture. Step 7: Use explosive drive, light gas gun experimental device, electromagnetic drive and steam drive to perform oblique butt welding with the fixed tooling in a high-speed impact manner; Step 8. After the experiment, use a professional machine to cut out the welded parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the fixing tool of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a brittle high melting point metal material; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flying board; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection of the heating component, thermocouple and thermostat; Figure 5 It is an overall schematic diagram; Among them, 1-fixed tooling, 2-groove shape, 3-brittle high melting point metal material shape, 4-flying plate, 5-heating component, 6-thermocouple, 7-thermostat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0007] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0008] See also Figure 1 A method for preparing metal plates for explosion welding and impact welding based on the wave impedance principle is characterized in that it includes a fixing tool 1 and a groove 2. The fixing tool material 1 is a metal material with a density similar to that of a non-brittle metal material and a relatively low price, and a groove shape 2 is cut on the fixing tool 1 in the same shape as that required for welding.

[0009] See also Figure 2 , the brittle high-melting-point metal material 3 is placed in the excavated fixing tool shape 2, so that the brittle high-melting-point metal material 3 is embedded in the fixing tool 1.

[0010] See also Figure 3 , select non-brittle metal material as the flying plate 4, the size and shape of the flying plate 4 should match the fixed tooling 1, and the size of the flying plate 4 can completely cover the size of the fixed tooling 1 to ensure the integrity of the welding surface.

[0011] See also Figure 5 The heating component 5 is tightly connected to the fixed fixture 1 , the thermocouple 6 monitors the heating component 5 to evenly heat the temperature of the fixed fixture 1 , and the thermostat 7 keeps the temperature constant.

[0012] The brittle high melting point metal material used in the embodiment is tungsten, and the non-brittle metal material is oxygen-free copper. The fixing tool material is oxygen-free copper, which is the same as the easily welded metal. To facilitate the connection of the light gas gun device, the fixing tool is a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 40 mm and a height of 10 mm, the groove is 32 mm long, 8 mm wide, and 2 mm high, the tungsten sheet is 32 mm long, 8 mm wide, and 2 mm high, the flyer plate is an oxygen-free copper sheet with a diameter of 20 mm and a thickness of 2 mm, and the heating component is a ring with an inner diameter of 40 mm.

[0013] A method for preparing metal plates by explosion welding and impact welding based on the wave impedance principle of this embodiment includes the following steps: Step 1: Find a metal material with a density similar to that of the non-brittle metal material and a relatively low price as a fixed tool; Step 2: Cut a groove of the required welding shape on the fixed tooling; Step 3, forming the brittle high melting point metal into a desired shape, and fitting it into the groove of the fixing tool to form a composite substrate; Step 4: Put the heating component on the composite substrate, heat it to a suitable temperature, and maintain the temperature with a thermostat; Step 5, the embedded composite substrate and the heating component are installed on the target stand of the light gas gun; Step 6. Select non-brittle metal material as the flyer plate. The size and shape of the flyer plate should match the metal fixture. The size of the flyer plate should completely cover the size of the fixture. Step 7: Use explosive drive, light gas gun experimental device, electromagnetic drive and steam drive to perform oblique butt welding with the fixed tooling in a high-speed impact manner; Step 8. After the experiment, use a professional machine to cut out the welded parts.

[0014] Through the above embodiments, it is confirmed that the welding method of the present invention can effectively solve the welding problem between brittle high-melting-point metal materials and non-brittle metal materials, but the implementation mode of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing metal plates by explosion welding and impact welding based on the wave impedance principle, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Select the material of the fixing tool. The material selected for the fixing tool should be a metal material with similar density to other non-brittle metals that are easy to weld and relatively cheap; A groove of the same shape as that required for welding is cut on the fixture, and the shape of the brittle high-melting-point metal material in the welding material must match that of the fixture, and the two must fit together; Placing a brittle high melting point metal material in the cut fixed tool shape so that the brittle high melting point metal material fits into the fixed tool groove to form a composite substrate; Install the heating component on the composite substrate, heat the tooling and welding materials to the appropriate temperature, and use a thermocouple to monitor the heating process to ensure uniform heating and the same temperature at all locations on the composite substrate; Choose non-brittle metal material as the flyer plate; Using a light gas gun experimental device, the flying plate is obliquely impacted with the composite substrate at high speed to achieve impact welding.

2. The method for preparing metal plates by explosion welding and impact welding based on the wave impedance principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wave impedance of the welding fixture is similar to that of the flyer plate material, so welding is easy to achieve.

3. The method for preparing metal plates by explosion welding and impact welding based on the wave impedance principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing tool has the function of protecting the welding results and can effectively reduce the generation of cracks in the brittle high melting point metal material during the welding process.

4. The method for preparing metal plates by explosion welding and impact welding based on the wave impedance principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the fixing fixture is engaged with the brittle high-melting-point metal material, a gap between the two is small, so as to ensure that the groove and the brittle high-melting-point metal material are closely fitted.

5. The method for preparing metal plates by explosion welding and impact welding based on the wave impedance principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating component is tightly fitted to the composite substrate, ensuring uniform heating of the composite substrate.

6. The method for preparing metal plates by explosion welding and impact welding based on the wave impedance principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size and shape of the flyer plate should match the metal fixture, and the size of the flyer plate can completely cover the fixture to ensure the integrity of the welding interface.

7. The method for preparing metal plates by explosion welding and impact welding based on the wave impedance principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: Through the explosion welding window, select appropriate welding parameters for welding to ensure the reliability of the welding effect.

8. A metal plate prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The metal plate has good bonding strength and welding quality, and the welded composite plate is not prone to cracks and holes.

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