Fertilizer synergist for reducing gaseous nitrogen loss of fertilizer and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural ecological environment, and particularly provides a fertilizer synergist for reducing loss of gaseous nitrogen in a fertilizer and application thereof.The fertilizer synergist comprises eugenol, eugenol and a nitrogen fertilizer are evenly mixed and then applied to soil together, and the effect of remarkably reducing loss of NH3 and N2O gas is achieved. According to the invention, the NH3 and N2O emission reduction degree of the plant extract eugenol is determined, and the green environmental benefit and positive agricultural contribution of the eugenol in addition to yield increase and fertilizer saving are further explored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural ecological environment, and in particular provides a fertilizer synergist for reducing the loss of gaseous nitrogen in fertilizer and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The conversion process of fertilizer nitrogen in the soil is accompanied by the production of gaseous nitrogen, including nitrogen oxides such as ammonia, nitrous oxide, nitric oxide and nitrogen. Among these gaseous losses, ammonia and nitrous oxide are the two most important atmospheric pollutants. Ammonia is an important component of PM2.5, and N2O is a greenhouse gas with the strongest greenhouse effect, 275 times the greenhouse effect of CO2. Farmland is the main scene of atmospheric NH3 and N2O oxygen emissions, and the nitrogen fertilizer applied to farmland is one of the main factors for the increase of atmospheric NH3 and N2O. By regulating the hydrolysis, nitrification and denitrification processes of fertilizer nitrogen in the soil, the NH3 and N2O emissions from nitrogen fertilizer sources can be effectively changed. Among many methods, adding fertilizer enhancers such as inhibitors to nitrogen fertilizers is an efficient and convenient way to reduce NH3 and N2O emissions by inhibiting the hydrolysis and nitrification processes of fertilizer nitrogen.

[0003] In recent years, inhibitors extracted from plant metabolites and extracts have received extensive attention because of their green source, low cost and environmental friendliness. The extract of the medicinal plant chamomile has the function of inhibiting urease and nitrification. After further extraction, separation and purification of its water extract, it was found that the eugenol substance therein has efficient urease and nitrification inhibition functions and is a dual-functional inhibitor. Eugenol is a liquid phenolic substance that is used to make fragrances and spices. Recent studies have shown that eugenol has a dual inhibitory function of significantly inhibiting urease activity and nitrification, and has the characteristics of significantly increasing crop yields and improving fertilizer utilization efficiency. However, the current research on eugenol focuses on its yield-increasing effect, and its effect on NH3 and N2O volatilization losses has not been publicly reported. Therefore, it is impossible to make a comprehensive assessment of its economic-environmental benefits, which is not conducive to its application in agriculture.

[0004] Therefore, it is impossible to scientifically evaluate the extent of its impact on the greenhouse effect, nor is it possible to make a comprehensive management evaluation of its contribution to agriculture, which limits its application in agriculture. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a fertilizer synergist for reducing the loss of gaseous nitrogen in fertilizer and application thereof.

[0006] The present invention is achieved by providing a fertilizer synergist for reducing the loss of gaseous nitrogen in fertilizers, wherein the fertilizer synergist includes eugenol.

[0007] Provided is an application of a fertilizer synergist for reducing the loss of gaseous nitrogen in fertilizers, which is used to reduce the loss of nitrogen fertilizer in the form of NH3.

[0008] Provided is an application of a fertilizer synergist for reducing the loss of gaseous nitrogen in fertilizers, which is used to reduce the loss of nitrogen fertilizer in the form of N2O.

[0009] Preferably, in the above application, the nitrogen fertilizer is urea.

[0010] Provided is an application method of a fertilizer synergist for reducing the loss of gaseous nitrogen in fertilizers. Eugenol is mixed evenly with nitrogen fertilizer and then applied to soil.

[0011] Preferably, in the above method, the mass addition ratio of eugenol to nitrogen fertilizer is 1:100-1000.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0013] The present invention clarifies the extent to which the plant extract eugenol reduces NH3 and N2O emissions, and further explores its green environmental benefits and positive agricultural contributions in addition to increasing production and saving fertilizer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0015] Figure 1 The dynamic changes of NH3 volatilization rate of soil in comparative test 1 (CK), comparative test 2 (NI), and verification test (PG);

[0016] Figure 2 is the cumulative NH3 emission from the soils of comparative test 1 (CK), comparative test 2 (NI), and verification test (PG);

[0017] Figure 3 The dynamic changes of N2O emission rate of soil in comparative experiment 1 (CK), comparative experiment 2 (NI), and verification experiment (DE);

[0018] Figure 4 It is the cumulative N2O emission of soil in comparative experiment 1 (CK), comparative experiment 2 (NI) and verification experiment (DE). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0020] 1. Field test 1

[0021] 1. Verification test (DE):

[0022] The test site is the National Field Experiment Station of the Institute of Applied Ecology, Shenyang, Chinese Academy of Sciences. A field plot verification test was carried out. The plot was 3.6m wide and 6m long, with an area of ​​21.6m2 / plot. Four replicates were set up. The crop was corn. The soil pH (water-soil ratio of 1:2.5) was 4.83, which was acidic soil. The fertilization level (N-P2O5-K2O) was 200-90-110. The types of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were urea, heavy calcium (45% P2O5) and potassium chloride. The amount of eugenol added was 1% of the quality of urea. Eugenol was mixed evenly with urea, heavy calcium and potassium chloride according to the above-mentioned effective active ingredients, and then spread in the furrows. After fertilization, corn was sown, and no other fertilizers were applied later. Ammonia was collected and measured at the 1st (4.25), 3rd (4.27), 5th (4.29), 7th (5.1), 10th (5.4), 14th (5.8), 18th (5.12), 21st (5.15), 25th (5.19), and 30th (5.24) after fertilization. In addition, N2O was collected by static box method at the 1st (4.25), 3rd (4.27), 5th (4.29), 6th (4.30), 7th (5.1), 15th (5.9), 18th (5.12), 21st (5.15), 25th (5.19), 30th (5.24), 45th (6.08), 60th (6.23), and 158th (9.29) after fertilization. The gas bags were brought back to the laboratory and the N2O content was measured by gas chromatograph.

[0023] 2. Comparative test 1 (CK)

[0024] The conditions and operating steps were the same as those of the verification experiment 1, except that no eugenol (CK) was added to the urea of ​​the comparison experiment 1.

[0025] 3. Comparative test 2 (NI)

[0026] The conditions and operation steps were the same as those of verification experiment 1, except that no eugenol was added to the urea of ​​comparison experiment 2, but dicyandiamide (DCD) and n-butylthiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) were added, and the addition amounts of DCD and NBPT were 1% and 0.5% of the urea quality, respectively.

[0027] 4. Results

[0028] (1) Effect of eugenol on NH3 volatilization

[0029] refer to Figure 1 The ammonia volatilization rate of the soil in the comparative experiment 1 (CK) was 0.096-0.311 kg hm -2 d -1 The ammonia volatilization rate of the soil in the comparative experiment 2 (NI) was 0.066-0.322 kg hm -2d -1 The ammonia volatilization rate of the DE soil was between 0.091 and 0.318 kg hm -2 d -1 On the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 10th and 18th day after fertilization, the ammonia volatilization rate of the soil in the verification test (DE) was significantly lower than that in the soil in the comparison test 1 (CK), and the trend of the ammonia volatilization rate change was similar to that in the soil in the comparison test 2 (PG). It can be seen that the addition of eugenol can significantly reduce the ammonia volatilization rate in the early stage of fertilization, and the degree of reduction is close to that of the mainstream inhibitor.

[0030] refer to Figure 2 The cumulative volatilization of NH3 in the soil of comparative experiment 1 (CK), comparative experiment 2 (NI), and verification experiment (DE) were 5.063, 4.346, and 4.489 kg N ha, respectively. -1 Compared with the cumulative volatilization of NH3 in the soil of the comparative test 1 (CK), the cumulative volatilization of NH3 in the soil of the verification test (DE) was significantly reduced by 11.34%. At the same time, the cumulative volatilization of NH3 in the soil of the verification test (DE) was the same as that of the soil of the comparative test 2 (NI). The above results show that eugenol has the function of significantly reducing ammonia emissions, which is consistent with the effect of traditional mainstream inhibitors.

[0031] (2) Effect of eugenol on N2O emissions

[0032] refer to Figure 3 The N2O emission rate of the soil in the comparative experiment 1 (CK) ranged from 29.51 to 87.46 ug m -2 h -1 The N2O emission rate of the soil in the comparative experiment 2 (NI) was between 30.53 and 62.12 ug m -2 h -1 The N2O emission rate of the DE soil was between 22.95 and 59.00 ug m -2 h -1 In the first 25 days after fertilization, the N2O emission rate of the verification test (PG) soil was significantly lower than that of the comparison test 1 (CK) soil, and the trend of the N2O emission rate change was similar to that of the comparison test 2 soil (PG). It can be seen that the addition of eugenol can significantly reduce the N2O emission rate in the early stage of fertilization, and the degree of reduction is close to that of the mainstream inhibitor.

[0033] refer to Figure 4 The cumulative N2O emissions from the soils of comparative experiment 1 (CK), comparative experiment 2 (NI), and verification experiment (DE) were 0.067, 0.059, and 0.058 kg N ha, respectively. -1. Compared with the N2O cumulative volatilization of the soil in the comparative test 1 (CK), the N2O cumulative volatilization of the soil in the verification test (DE) was significantly reduced by 13.43%. At the same time, the N2O cumulative volatilization of the soil in the verification test (DE) was the same as that of the soil in the comparative test 2 (NI). The above results show that eugenol has the function of significantly reducing N2O emissions, which is consistent with the effect of traditional mainstream inhibitors.

[0034] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fertilizer synergist for reducing gaseous nitrogen loss in fertilizers, characterized in that: The fertilizer synergist includes eugenol.

2. An application of a fertilizer synergist for reducing the loss of gaseous nitrogen in fertilizers, characterized in that: Used to reduce the loss of nitrogen fertilizer in the form of NH3.

3. An application of a fertilizer synergist for reducing the loss of gaseous nitrogen in fertilizers, characterized in that: Used to reduce the loss of nitrogen fertilizer in the form of N2O.

4. The use of the fertilizer synergist for reducing gaseous nitrogen loss of fertilizer according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The nitrogen fertilizer is urea.

5. A method for applying a fertilizer synergist for reducing gaseous nitrogen loss in fertilizers, characterized in that: Mix eugenol and nitrogen fertilizer evenly and apply it to the soil.

6. The method for applying the fertilizer synergist for reducing gaseous nitrogen loss of fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mass addition ratio of eugenol to nitrogen fertilizer is 1:100-1000.

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