Multi-formation fracturing simulation experiment method and device, electronic equipment and medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a multi-formation fracturing simulation experiment method and device, electronic equipment and a medium. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experiment model and at least three types of fracturing stratums; the at least three kinds of fractured stratums are sequentially installed in a constructed multi-stratum fracturing simulation experiment model for fracturing, and the fracture states of the at least three kinds of fractured stratums in the fracturing process are determined under different fracturing conditions; wherein the fracturing conditions comprise injection pressure and injection flow; and the fracture states correspond to the fracture conditions, and target fracture conditions and fracture extension rules of the at least three kinds of fractured stratums during fracture initiation are determined. By adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the target fracturing condition and the fracture extension rule of the fracture extending and penetrating layer are obtained by simulating and analyzing the fracture extension condition of each fractured stratum under different fracturing conditions, and guidance is provided for well and layer selection and staged fracturing construction optimization design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of oil and gas field development engineering, and in particular to a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experiment method, device, electronic equipment and medium. Background Art

[0002] With the deepening of oil and gas field development, the thin interlayered, multi-layered, and soft-layered reservoir oil and gas reservoirs in the oil field have the characteristics of interlaced oil layers and relatively thin oil layers, and the development effect after fracturing is not ideal.

[0003] Due to the large differences in the thickness and stress difference of the interlayers in the thin interlayers, multi-layered and soft-layered reservoirs of the oil field, the effect of fracture penetration cannot be clearly judged. Compared with sandstone and other strata in conventional oil fields, coal seams have the characteristics of low strength, low elastic modulus, high Poisson's law, strong heterogeneity and crack development, which are not conducive to the formation of cracks during hydraulic fracturing, and the hydraulic fracturing effect is not good. The mechanism of crack expansion and extension during fracturing is unclear.

[0004] At present, the design of various construction technical parameters for fracturing development of thin interlayers, multiple layers, soft layers and coalbed methane fracturing development in on-site construction mainly relies on the experience of technical personnel. However, relying on experience is not accurate and cannot provide an effective theoretical basis. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention provide a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experiment method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium to determine the judgment conditions and extension rules of crack extension through layers, and provide guidance for well selection and layer selection and staged fracturing construction optimization design.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experimental method, comprising:

[0007] Constructing a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experimental model and at least three fracturing strata; the at least three fracturing strata characterize the thin interlayer, multi-layer and multi-layer reservoir morphology containing soft layers of the oil and gas reservoir to be fractured;

[0008] The at least three fracturing formations are sequentially installed in the constructed multi-stratum fracturing simulation experimental model for fracturing, and the fracture states of the at least three fracturing formations during the fracturing process are respectively determined under different fracturing conditions; wherein the fracturing conditions include injection pressure and injection flow rate;

[0009] The fracture states are matched with the fracturing conditions to determine the target fracturing conditions and fracture extension rules of the at least three fracturing formations when the fractures are initiated.

[0010] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experimental device, comprising:

[0011] A model and formation construction module, used to construct a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experiment model and at least three fracturing formations; the at least three fracturing formations characterize the thin interlayer, multi-layer and multi-layer reservoir morphology containing soft layers of the oil and gas reservoir to be fractured;

[0012] A formation fracturing module, used to sequentially install the at least three fracturing formations into the constructed multi-formation fracturing simulation experimental model for fracturing, and respectively determine the fracture states of the at least three fracturing formations during the fracturing process under different fracturing conditions; wherein the fracturing conditions include injection pressure and injection flow rate;

[0013] The fracture determination module is used to match the fracture state with the fracturing conditions, and determine the target fracturing conditions and fracture extension rules of the at least three fracturing formations when the fractures are initiated.

[0014] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0015] one or more processors;

[0016] A storage device for storing one or more programs;

[0017] When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the multi-formation fracturing simulation experimental method described in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the multi-formation fracturing simulation experimental method described in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] The embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experiment method, device, electronic device and storage medium, by constructing a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experiment model and at least three fracturing formations; the at least three fracturing formations characterize the thin interlayer, multi-layer and multi-layer reservoir morphology containing soft layers of the oil and gas reservoir to be fractured; the at least three fracturing formations are sequentially installed in the constructed multi-stratum fracturing simulation experiment model for fracturing, and the fracture states of the at least three fracturing formations during the fracturing process are determined under different fracturing conditions; wherein the fracturing conditions include injection pressure and injection flow rate; the fracture states are matched with the fracturing conditions, and the target fracturing conditions and fracture extension laws of the at least three fracturing formations at the time of fracture initiation are determined. The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is adopted to construct a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experiment model and at least three fracturing formations, and the fracture extension conditions of each fracturing formation under different fracturing conditions are simulated and analyzed to obtain the target fracturing conditions and fracture extension laws of fracture extension through the layer, so as to provide guidance for the well selection and layer selection and the optimization design of staged fracturing construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings. The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Also, the same reference symbols are used throughout the drawings to represent the same parts. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experimental method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a double-layer layered fracturing formation provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a three-layer stratum fracturing formation provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a multi-layered fracturing formation provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experimental model provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experimental device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Before discussing the exemplary embodiments in more detail, it should be mentioned that some exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flow charts. Although the flow charts describe the operations (or steps) as sequential processes, many of the operations (or steps) therein can be implemented in parallel, concurrently or simultaneously. In addition, the order of the operations can be rearranged. The process can be terminated when its operation is completed, but can also have additional steps not included in the accompanying drawings. The process can correspond to a method, function, procedure, subroutine, subprogram, etc.

[0030] Among them, the acquisition, storage, use and processing of data in the technical solution of this application are in compliance with the relevant provisions of national laws and regulations.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experiment method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to the case of fracturing simulation experiments on thin interlayers, multi-layered layers, and multi-layered layers containing soft layers. The method of this embodiment can be executed by a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experiment device, which can be implemented in hardware and / or software. The device can be configured in a server of a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experiment. The method specifically includes the following steps:

[0032] S110, constructing a multi-formation fracturing simulation experimental model and at least three fracturing formations.

[0033] Among them, many blocks have serious sand-mud thin layer interaction, low horizontal well drilling rate, and a large proportion of mudstone sections. If only the drilled oil layer is fractured, the single well production capacity effect is not ideal. Consider studying the horizontal well through-layer fracturing technology, using artificial fractures to penetrate the layer vertically, connecting the upper and lower oil layers that have not been drilled, and ensuring the vertical use of reserves. However, the thickness and stress difference of the interlayers of each horizontal well in some reservoirs are quite different, and the effect of fracture penetration cannot be clearly judged.

[0034] Especially in the process of coalbed methane development or gas control, there have been unsatisfactory development results and great difficulties in gas control in special types such as multi-layered, thin interbedded or soft coal seams. Compared with sandstone and other strata in conventional oil fields, coal seams show characteristics such as low strength, low elastic modulus, high Poisson's law, strong heterogeneity and developed fractures. Soft and low-permeability coal seams have obvious stratification and strong plasticity, which are not conducive to the formation of fractures during hydraulic fracturing. The hydraulic fracturing effect is not good, and the mechanism of fracture expansion and extension during fracturing is unclear.

[0035] At present, the design of various construction technical parameters for thin interlayer, multi-layer, soft layer fracturing development and coalbed methane fracturing development in field construction mainly relies on the experience of technicians, but relying on experience is not accurate and cannot provide an effective theoretical basis. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experimental method, which can perform a whole set of fracturing simulation tests indoors before construction, providing a reference basis for tool design, construction plan preparation and construction parameter formulation.

[0036] In order to study the fracturing, fracture initiation and extension mechanisms of special types of formations such as multi-strata, a multi-strata fracturing simulation experimental model and at least three types of fracturing formations were constructed based on rock mechanics parameter modeling and reservoir and interlayer in-situ stress distribution characteristics.

[0037] The at least three types of fracturing formations represent the thin interlayers, multi-layers and multi-layer reservoirs containing soft layers of the oil and gas reservoir to be fractured; including but not limited to double-layer fracturing formations, three-layer fracturing formations and multi-layer fracturing formations. Because there are many thin layers and they are spaced apart from each other, layers are set. Considering that the height of the cracks in the entire model is approximately symmetrically distributed, the terms inner and outer layers are used to distinguish each layer. Figure 2 The figure shows a double-layer fracturing formation, where ① is a schematic diagram of a double-layer vertical well fracturing formation, where the vertical well is arranged through the interface, ② is a schematic diagram of a double-layer horizontal well fracturing formation, where the horizontal well is arranged along the interface, ③ is a schematic diagram of a double-layer horizontal well fracturing formation, where the horizontal well is arranged in a low-stress layer or soft layer, and ④ is a schematic diagram of a double-layer horizontal well fracturing formation, where the horizontal well is arranged in a high-stress layer or hard layer. Double-layer fracturing formation mainly simulates the fracturing of two adjacent soft and hard layers with different properties.

[0038] like Figure 3 The three-stratum fracturing formation is shown, among which ① the medium horizontal well is arranged along the middle stratum, ② the medium horizontal well is arranged along the upper stratum, and ③ the medium horizontal well is arranged along the lower stratum. The three-stratum fracturing formation mainly simulates the fracturing test in adjacent soft and hard strata with different properties or in coal seams containing soft layers, or the fracturing simulation experiment of the top and bottom plates of the coal seams.

[0039] like Figure 4 The figure shows a multi-stratum fracturing formation, where ① a vertical well is arranged through each reservoir, ② a horizontal well is arranged along the middle stratum interface, ③ a horizontal well is arranged along the upper stratum, and ④ a horizontal well is arranged along the lower stratum. Multi-stratum fracturing formations mainly simulate fracturing of thin interlayers, multiple strata, and strata with different properties containing soft strata.

[0040] As an optional but non-limiting implementation method, the multi-formation fracturing simulation experimental model includes a pump source device, a control system, a pressure flow test device and a fracturing test bench; wherein the pump source device includes a hydraulic pump, the control system includes a relief valve and a throttle valve, and the pressure flow test device includes an electromagnetic flowmeter and a pressure sensor.

[0041] As an optional but non-limiting implementation method, the multi-stratum fracturing simulation experimental model also includes a signal receiver and an auxiliary device; wherein the signal receiver is used to automatically record the fracturing time, injection pressure and injection flow on a computer; the auxiliary device includes a tracer adding device and a ball-type stop valve, and the fracture extension direction is determined by the tracer.

[0042] Among them, Figure 5As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experimental model, taking a dual-stratum fracturing stratum as an example, the multi-stratum fracturing simulation experimental model includes: a water tank 1, a hydraulic pump 2, a relief valve 3, a throttle valve (flow control) 4, an electromagnetic flowmeter 5, a pressure sensor 6, a signal receiver 7, a computer 8, a tracer adding device 9, a ball-type stop valve 10, a sample 11, a fracturing pipe 12, a pre-set empty hole 13, a core chamber 14, a hard layer 15 and a soft layer 16. Among them, 15-hard layer and 16-soft layer constitute a dual-stratum fracturing layer, and the pre-set empty hole 13 is a pre-set empty hole in the wellbore.

[0043] S120, sequentially installing the at least three fracturing formations into the constructed multi-formation fracturing simulation experimental model for fracturing, and respectively determining the fracture states of the at least three fracturing formations during the fracturing process under different fracturing conditions.

[0044] Among them, according to the needs of experimental research, a reasonable formation model is selected, and the formation model is installed in the constructed multi-formation fracturing simulation experimental model for fracturing; under different fracturing conditions, the fracture state of the formation during the fracturing process is determined based on the tracer in the multi-formation fracturing simulation experimental model. Among them, the fracturing conditions include injection pressure and injection flow rate. In the embodiment of the present invention, taking the injection of water as an example, the fracture state of the formation under different water injection pressures and water injection flow rates is determined; the fracture state of the formation is different when the water injection pressure and water injection flow rate are different.

[0045] As an optional but non-limiting implementation, the at least three fracturing formations are sequentially installed in the constructed multi-stratum fracturing simulation experimental model for fracturing, and the fracture states of the at least three fracturing formations during the fracturing process are respectively determined under different fracturing conditions, including but not limited to steps A1-A3:

[0046] Step A1: installing the at least three fracturing formations in sequence into the constructed multi-formation fracturing simulation experimental model.

[0047] Step A2: Debug the control system and the pressure flow test device, and start the hydraulic pump for fracturing.

[0048] Step A3: respectively controlling the injection flow rate and the injection pressure through the throttle valve and the overflow valve to determine the fracture states of the at least three fractured formations under different injection flow rates and injection pressures.

[0049] Among them, when conducting a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experiment, multiple fracturing formations are sequentially installed in the constructed multi-stratum fracturing simulation experiment model, and the fracture states generated by fracturing formations in different formation states are different during fracturing. In the embodiment of the present invention, fracturing specimens are used to characterize multiple fracturing formations, including but not limited to artificial cores and fracturing specimens formed by bonding different rock samples with special glue; generally, a whole rock sample with a side length of 30 cm is used to carry out the experiment. The sample is installed on the fracturing test bench, the control system and the pressure flow test device are debugged, and the test is carried out after the hydraulic pump is turned on. In the embodiment of the present invention, taking water injection as an example, the throttle valve 4 is adjusted to control the pipeline flow, the ball stop valve 10 is opened, and the overflow valve 3 is adjusted to increase the pipeline pressure at a fixed amplitude, so as to determine the fracture state of the at least three fracturing formations under different water injection flow rates and water injection pressure conditions.

[0050] As an optional but non-limiting implementation, the injection flow rate and the injection pressure are respectively controlled by the throttle valve and the overflow valve to determine the fracture states of the at least three fractured formations under different injection flow rates and injection pressures, including but not limited to steps B1-B3:

[0051] Step B1: controlling the injection flow rate and the injection pressure respectively by means of a throttle valve and an overflow valve until cracks are formed on the surface of the fracturing specimen; wherein the fracturing specimen represents the fracturing formation.

[0052] Step B2: Determine the pressure conditions when the surface of the fracturing specimen cracks to form cracks, and when the surface of the fracturing specimen cracks to form cracks, the tracer overflows from the cracks.

[0053] Step B3: The injection pressure and injection flow rate are recorded in real time by a signal receiving instrument to determine the fracture state of the fracturing specimen under different injection flow rates and injection pressures.

[0054] Among them, the throttle valve 4 is adjusted to control the pipeline flow, the ball stop valve 10 is opened, and the overflow valve 3 is adjusted to increase the pipeline pressure at a fixed amplitude until the surface of the fracturing specimen is cracked to form cracks, and high-pressure water and tracers overflow from the cracks; the pressure is maintained for a period of time until the formed cracks penetrate the entire fracturing specimen, and the overflow valve 3 is opened to reduce the system pressure; the hydraulic pump 2 is closed to end the fracturing test. During the multi-stratum fracturing simulation experiment, the signal receiver records the injection pressure and injection flow in real time to determine the fracture state of the fracturing specimen under different injection flow rates and injection pressures.

[0055] The embodiment of the present invention establishes a physical model for fracturing thin interlayers, multiple layers and soft layers. Based on the true triaxial physical simulation experiment of rocks, the fracturing mechanism of thin interlayer oil and gas reservoirs in oil fields is studied. The thickness, number of layers and stress difference of each small layer in the thin interlayer affect the morphology of crack initiation and extension, which provides a basis for judging the fracturing of thin interlayers. From the perspective of optimizing the fracturing process and optimizing the fracturing construction parameters, the feasibility of interlayer fracturing of thin interlayers, multiple layers and soft layers is studied.

[0056] S130, matching the fracture state with the fracturing conditions, and determining the target fracturing conditions and fracture extension rules of the at least three types of fracturing formations when fractures are initiated.

[0057] Among them, the present invention automatically records the injection time, injection pressure and injection flow on the computer through a signal receiver, and matches the crack states corresponding to different injection pressures and injection flows, so as to determine the target fracturing conditions and crack extension rules of the fracturing formation when the cracks are initiated.

[0058] As an optional but non-limiting implementation, the matching of the fracture state with the fracturing condition and determining the target fracturing conditions and the fracture extension law of the at least three fracturing formations at the time of fracture initiation include but are not limited to steps C1-C2:

[0059] Step C1: Acquire the fracturing conditions from the signal receiving instrument, and match the fracturing conditions with the fracturing states to determine the target fracturing conditions for the at least three fracturing formations when the fractures are initiated.

[0060] Step C2: determining the fracture extension rules of the at least three fractured formations during fracturing according to the flow direction of the tracer.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present invention, water injection is taken as an example. When the cracks are initiated, the injection time, injection pressure and injection flow rate automatically recorded by the signal receiving instrument are obtained, and the injection time, injection pressure and injection flow rate are used as the target fracturing conditions for the initiation of the cracks. When the cracks are initiated, the tracer begins to overflow from the cracks. After a period of continuous pressure maintenance, the extension direction of the cracks in the fracturing formation can be determined according to the flow direction of the tracer. Simulation experiments are carried out on different fracturing formations to determine the fracturing conditions and extension rules for the extension of the cracks through the layers.

[0062] The embodiment of the present invention studies the influence of reservoir-interlayer stress difference, interlayer thickness and reservoir-interlayer Young's modulus difference on the penetration effect of artificial fractures through fracturing simulation experiments, and clarifies the geological factors of penetration boundaries. By optimizing the fracturing construction parameters, effective penetration of artificial fractures is achieved, achieving the purpose of increasing the production of a single well while also reducing development costs. By simulating and analyzing the extension of fractures under different formation conditions, the fracturing conditions and extension laws of fracture extension and penetration are obtained, providing guidance for well selection, layer selection and staged fracturing construction optimization design.

[0063] The embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experiment method, by constructing a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experiment model and at least three fracturing formations; the at least three fracturing formations characterize the thin interlayer, multi-layer and multi-layer reservoir morphology containing soft layers of the oil and gas reservoir to be fractured; the at least three fracturing formations are sequentially installed in the constructed multi-stratum fracturing simulation experiment model for fracturing, and the fracture states of the at least three fracturing formations during the fracturing process are determined under different fracturing conditions; wherein the fracturing conditions include injection pressure and injection flow rate; the fracture states are matched with the fracturing conditions, and the target fracturing conditions and fracture extension laws of the at least three fracturing formations at the time of fracture initiation are determined. The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is adopted to construct a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experiment model and at least three fracturing formations, and the fracture extension conditions of each fracturing formation under different fracturing conditions are simulated and analyzed to obtain the target fracturing conditions and fracture extension laws of fracture extension through the layer, so as to provide guidance for the well selection and layer selection and the optimization design of staged fracturing construction.

[0064] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experiment device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The technical solution of this embodiment can be applied to the case of fracturing simulation experiments on thin interlayers, multi-layered layers, and multi-layered layers containing soft layers. The device can be implemented by software and / or hardware, and is generally integrated on any electronic device with network communication function, including but not limited to: servers, computers, personal digital assistants and other devices. Figure 6 As shown, the multi-stratum fracturing simulation experimental device provided in this embodiment may include: a model and stratum construction module 610, a stratum fracturing module 620 and a fracture determination module 630; wherein,

[0065] The model and formation construction module 610 is used to construct a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experiment model and at least three fracturing formations; the at least three fracturing formations represent the thin interlayer, multi-layer and multi-layer reservoir morphology containing soft layers of the oil and gas reservoir to be fractured;

[0066] The formation fracturing module 620 is used to sequentially install the at least three fracturing formations into the constructed multi-formation fracturing simulation experimental model for fracturing, and respectively determine the fracture states of the at least three fracturing formations during the fracturing process under different fracturing conditions; wherein the fracturing conditions include injection pressure and injection flow rate;

[0067] The fracture determination module 630 is used to match the fracture state with the fracturing condition, and determine the target fracturing conditions and fracture extension rules of the at least three types of fracturing formations when the fractures are initiated.

[0068] Based on the above embodiment, optionally, the model and the formation construction module are specifically used for:

[0069] The multi-stratum fracturing simulation experimental model includes a pump source device, a control system, a pressure flow test device and a fracturing test bench; wherein the pump source device includes a hydraulic pump, the control system includes a relief valve and a throttle valve, and the pressure flow test device includes an electromagnetic flowmeter and a pressure sensor.

[0070] Based on the above embodiment, optionally, the model and the formation construction module are further specifically used for:

[0071] The multi-stratum fracturing simulation experimental model also includes a signal receiver and an auxiliary device; wherein the signal receiver is used to automatically record the fracturing time, injection pressure and injection flow on a computer; the auxiliary device includes a tracer adding device and a ball-type stop valve, and the fracture extension direction is determined by the tracer.

[0072] Based on the above embodiment, optionally, the formation fracturing module is specifically used for:

[0073] Installing the at least three fractured formations in sequence into the constructed multi-formation fracture simulation experimental model;

[0074] Debug the control system and pressure flow test device, and start the hydraulic pump for fracturing;

[0075] The injection flow rate and the injection pressure are controlled respectively by the throttle valve and the overflow valve to determine the fracture states of the at least three fractured formations under different injection flow rates and injection pressures.

[0076] Based on the above embodiment, optionally, the formation fracturing module is further specifically used for:

[0077] The injection flow rate and the injection pressure are respectively controlled by a throttle valve and an overflow valve until cracks are formed on the surface of the fracturing specimen; wherein the fracturing specimen represents the fracturing formation;

[0078] Determine the pressure conditions when the surface of the fracturing specimen cracks and forms cracks, and when the surface of the fracturing specimen cracks and forms cracks, the tracer overflows from the cracks;

[0079] The injection pressure and injection flow rate are recorded in real time by the signal receiving instrument to determine the fracture state of the fracturing specimen under different injection flow rates and injection pressure conditions.

[0080] Based on the above embodiment, optionally, the crack determination module is specifically used to:

[0081] Acquire fracturing conditions from the signal receiving instrument, and correspond the fracturing conditions to the fracturing states to determine target fracturing conditions for the at least three fracturing formations when fractures are initiated;

[0082] According to the flow direction of the tracer, the fracture extension rules of the at least three fractured formations during fracturing are determined.

[0083] The multi-formation fracturing simulation experimental device provided in the embodiment of the present invention can execute the multi-formation fracturing simulation experimental method provided in any embodiment of the present invention mentioned above, and has the corresponding functions and beneficial effects of executing the multi-formation fracturing simulation experimental method. For detailed process, please refer to the relevant operations of the multi-formation fracturing simulation experimental method in the aforementioned embodiment.

[0084] Figure 7 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The electronic device 10 is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices (such as helmets, glasses, watches, etc.) and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention described and / or required herein.

[0085] like Figure 7As shown, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11, and a memory connected to the at least one processor 11, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12, a random access memory (RAM) 13, etc., wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be executed by at least one processor, and the processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 12 or the computer program loaded from the storage unit 18 to the random access memory (RAM) 13. In the RAM 13, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 10 can also be stored. The processor 11, the ROM 12, and the RAM 13 are connected to each other through a bus 14. An input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0086] A number of components in the electronic device 10 are connected to the I / O interface 15, including: an input unit 16, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 18, such as a disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 19, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 allows the electronic device 10 to exchange information / data with other devices through a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0087] The processor 11 may be a variety of general and / or special processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various special artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any appropriate processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The processor 11 executes the various methods and processes described above, such as a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experimental method.

[0088] In some embodiments, the multi-stratum fracturing simulation experiment method can be implemented as a computer program, which is tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on the electronic device 10 via the ROM 12 and / or the communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 13 and executed by the processor 11, one or more steps of the multi-stratum fracturing simulation experiment method described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 11 can be configured to perform the multi-stratum fracturing simulation experiment method in any other appropriate manner (for example, by means of firmware).

[0089] Various implementations of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), systems on chips (SOCs), load programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various implementations can include: being implemented in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0090] Computer programs for implementing the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, so that when the computer program is executed by the processor, the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram are implemented. The computer program may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine as a stand-alone software package, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0091] In the context of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in combination with an instruction execution system, device or equipment. A computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium may be a machine-readable signal medium. A more specific example of a machine-readable storage medium may include an electrical connection based on one or more lines, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0092] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein may be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the electronic device. Other types of devices may also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user may be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0093] The systems and techniques described herein may be implemented in a computing system that includes backend components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes frontend components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such backend components, middleware components, or frontend components. The components of the system may be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a blockchain network, and the Internet.

[0094] A computing system may include a client and a server. The client and the server are generally remote from each other and usually interact through a communication network. The client and server relationship is generated by computer programs running on the corresponding computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server may be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a host product in the cloud computing service system to solve the defects of difficult management and weak business scalability in traditional physical hosts and VPS services.

[0095] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved, and this document does not limit this.

[0096] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stratum fracturing simulation experimental method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Constructing a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experimental model and at least three fracturing strata; the at least three fracturing strata characterize the thin interlayer, multi-layer and multi-layer reservoir morphology containing soft layers of the oil and gas reservoir to be fractured; The at least three fracturing formations are sequentially installed in the constructed multi-stratum fracturing simulation experimental model for fracturing, and the fracture states of the at least three fracturing formations during the fracturing process are respectively determined under different fracturing conditions; wherein the fracturing conditions include injection pressure and injection flow rate; The fracture states are matched with the fracturing conditions to determine the target fracturing conditions and fracture extension rules of the at least three fracturing formations when the fractures are initiated.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-stratum fracturing simulation experimental model includes a pump source device, a control system, a pressure flow test device and a fracturing test bench; wherein the pump source device includes a hydraulic pump, the control system includes a relief valve and a throttle valve, and the pressure flow test device includes an electromagnetic flowmeter and a pressure sensor.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The multi-stratum fracturing simulation experimental model also includes a signal receiver and an auxiliary device; wherein the signal receiver is used to automatically record the fracturing time, injection pressure and injection flow on a computer; the auxiliary device includes a tracer adding device and a ball-type stop valve, and the fracture extension direction is determined by the tracer.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The at least three fracturing formations are sequentially installed in the constructed multi-stratum fracturing simulation experimental model for fracturing, and the fracture states of the at least three fracturing formations during the fracturing process are respectively determined under different fracturing conditions, including: Installing the at least three fractured formations in sequence into the constructed multi-formation fracture simulation experimental model; Debug the control system and pressure flow test device, and start the hydraulic pump for fracturing; The injection flow rate and the injection pressure are controlled respectively by the throttle valve and the overflow valve to determine the fracture states of the at least three fractured formations under different injection flow rates and injection pressures.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The method of controlling the injection flow rate and the injection pressure respectively by means of the throttle valve and the overflow valve to determine the fracture states of the at least three fractured formations under different injection flow rates and injection pressures includes: The injection flow rate and the injection pressure are respectively controlled by a throttle valve and an overflow valve until cracks are formed on the surface of the fracturing specimen; wherein the fracturing specimen represents the fracturing formation; Determine the pressure conditions when the surface of the fracturing specimen cracks and forms cracks, and when the surface of the fracturing specimen cracks and forms cracks, the tracer overflows from the cracks; The injection pressure and injection flow rate are recorded in real time by the signal receiving instrument to determine the fracture state of the fracturing specimen under different injection flow rates and injection pressure conditions.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The step of matching the fracture state with the fracturing conditions and determining the target fracturing conditions and fracture extension rules of the at least three fracturing formations when the fractures are initiated includes: Acquire fracturing conditions from the signal receiving instrument, and correspond the fracturing conditions to the fracturing states to determine target fracturing conditions for the at least three fracturing formations when fractures are initiated; According to the flow direction of the tracer, the fracture extension rules of the at least three fractured formations during fracturing are determined.

7. A multi-stratum fracturing simulation experimental device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A model and formation construction module, used to construct a multi-stratum fracturing simulation experiment model and at least three fracturing formations; the at least three fracturing formations characterize the thin interlayer, multi-layer and multi-layer reservoir morphology containing soft layers of the oil and gas reservoir to be fractured; A formation fracturing module, used to sequentially install the at least three fracturing formations into the constructed multi-formation fracturing simulation experimental model for fracturing, and respectively determine the fracture states of the at least three fracturing formations during the fracturing process under different fracturing conditions; wherein the fracturing conditions include injection pressure and injection flow rate; The fracture determination module is used to match the fracture state with the fracturing conditions, and determine the target fracturing conditions and fracture extension rules of the at least three fracturing formations when the fractures are initiated.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The multi-stratum fracturing simulation experimental model includes a pump source device, a control system, a pressure flow test device and a fracturing test bench; wherein the pump source device includes a hydraulic pump, the control system includes a relief valve and a throttle valve, and the pressure flow test device includes an electromagnetic flowmeter and a pressure sensor.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: one or more processors; A storage device for storing one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the multi-formation fracturing simulation experimental method described in any one of claims 1-6.

10. A storage medium containing computer executable instructions, characterized in that: The computer executable instructions are used to perform the multi-formation fracturing simulation experimental method as described in any one of claims 1-6 when executed by a computer processor.

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