Mine rescue drainage water collecting device, optimized control system and air suction protection method

Abstract

The present application provides a mine emergency drainage water collecting device, comprising: a water collecting cover, a submersible pump, a motor, a flow unit, a double magnetic floating ball liquid level switch and a photoelectric liquid level sensor; the double magnetic floating ball liquid level switch and the photoelectric liquid level sensor are respectively installed on the middle upper part and the upper part of the outside of the water collecting cover. The present application also provides a mine emergency drainage optimized control system, comprising: a mine emergency drainage water collecting device, a flow sensor, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a current sensor, a control center and a monitoring and early warning center. The present application also provides a mine emergency drainage air suction protection method, comprising: stopping the motor by a first control signal; controlling the yellow indicator light by a second control signal; controlling the green indicator light and the motor start by a third control signal; controlling the red indicator light and the early warning water level by a fourth control signal. The above technical solutions have the characteristics of high safety, good real-time performance, fast response speed, high efficiency and can be widely applied in the field of mining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to mine emergency drainage technology, and particularly to a water collection device, an optimized control system, and a vacuum protection method for mine emergency drainage. Background Technology

[0002] As we all know, my country's coal mines have complex hydrogeological conditions, and major water inrush accidents occur frequently. Mine floods have become the second leading cause of coal mine accidents. When a flood occurs, traditional emergency drainage methods mainly rely on submersible pumps. However, due to limitations in tunnel size and space, these pumps are only placed at the shaft level, preventing the proper drainage of water deep within the tunnel. Furthermore, when using this traditional method, if the water level in the collection device falls below the pump's suction inlet, the pump may experience cavitation, easily leading to malfunctions and damage. This requires long-term maintenance and repair, failing to buy valuable rescue time and instead creating greater safety hazards and risks for mine operations.

[0003] Therefore, it is evident that, in the current technology, there are no mine emergency drainage equipment and methods that are highly safe, have a fast emergency drainage response speed, and are highly efficient in emergency drainage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the main objective of the present invention is to provide a mine emergency drainage water collection device, an optimized control system, and a suction protection method that are highly safe, have a fast emergency drainage response speed, and are highly efficient in emergency drainage.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the first technical solution proposed by this invention is as follows:

[0006] A water collection device for mine emergency drainage includes: a water collection hood for collecting mine water from a bottom water tank; a submersible pump for pumping the mine water out of the water collection hood; a motor for driving the submersible pump; a flow control unit for controlling the water flow rate of the submersible pump to ensure its normal operation; two dual-magnetic float level switches for detecting whether the real-time water level in the water collection hood is lower than the low water level, between the low and medium water levels, or between the medium and high water levels, and sending the generated upper and lower switch signals to an external control system; and three photoelectric level sensors for detecting whether the real-time water level in the water collection hood is higher than the high water level, and sending the generated fourth control signal to an external control system.

[0007] The submersible pump is connected to the flow unit via a suction port, and the submersible pump, flow unit, and suction port are installed inside the water collection hood. Two dual magnetic float level switches are symmetrically installed on the upper part of the outer side of the water collection hood; three photoelectric level sensors are installed at a certain distance on the upper part of the outer side of the water collection hood.

[0008] The water collection hood is installed inside the water tank at the bottom of the well, and the bottom end of the water collection hood is connected to the water tank at the bottom of the well; the lower end of the submersible pump is connected to the mine water in the water collection hood, and the upper end of the submersible pump is connected to one end of the flow unit through the water inlet, and the other end of the flow unit is connected to the outside of the water collection hood.

[0009] In summary, the mine emergency drainage water collection device of this invention collects mine water from the bottom water tank of the mine using a water collection hood. A submersible pump, driven by a motor, pumps the mine water out of the mine. To monitor changes in the mine water level, the device employs a dual-magnetic float level switch to sense changes in the real-time mine water level below the low level or between the low and medium levels. Crucially, it monitors when the real-time mine water level is below the low level to prevent the submersible pump from cavitating, thus avoiding damage. Simultaneously, the device also employs a photoelectric level sensor to sense changes in the real-time mine water level between the medium and high levels or above the high level. Importantly, it monitors when the real-time mine water level is above the high level to prevent the emergency from escalating. Therefore, the water collection device for mine emergency drainage described in this invention has the characteristics of good real-time performance, high precision, fast response speed, high emergency drainage efficiency, good safety, convenient use and low cost. It can be widely used in the mining field and is worth promoting.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the second technical solution proposed by this invention is as follows:

[0011] An optimized control system for mine emergency drainage includes: n mine emergency drainage water collection devices, each of which transmits its collected upper-level switch signals, lower-level switch signals, and fourth control signals to a control center; n flow sensors, each used to monitor the water flow rate of a submersible pump in the mine emergency drainage water collection device and transmit the water flow rate to a monitoring and early warning center and a control center; n pressure sensors, each used to monitor the water pressure of a submersible pump in the mine emergency drainage water collection device and transmit the water pressure to a monitoring and early warning center; n temperature sensors, each used to monitor the temperature of a motor in the mine emergency drainage water collection device and transmit the motor temperature to a monitoring and early warning center; n current sensors, each used to monitor the current of a motor in the mine emergency drainage water collection device; and a combination of the upper-level switch signals and lower-level switch signals transmitted by each of the mine emergency drainage water collection devices, and the generation of a first control signal, a second control signal, a third control signal, and a fourth control signal based on the corresponding signals. The fourth control signal received from the photoelectric liquid level sensor is used to control the operation of each of the mine emergency drainage water collection devices using a suction protection method. It also sends a corresponding mine water level warning signal to the monitoring and early warning center when the real-time water level in each of the mine emergency drainage water collection devices is higher than the high water level, and a corresponding submersible pump fault alarm signal to the monitoring and early warning center when the real-time water level in each of the mine emergency drainage water collection devices is lower than the low water level and the submersible pump has not stopped working. Simultaneously, it illuminates corresponding indicator lights based on the second, third, or fourth control signal and issues alarms based on the mine water level warning signal and the submersible pump fault alarm signal. The monitoring and early warning center is used to display the water flow rate of each submersible pump sent by n flow sensors, the water pressure of each submersible pump sent by n pressure sensors, the temperature of each motor sent by n temperature sensors, the current of each motor sent by n current sensors, the mine water level warning signal sent by the control center, and the submersible pump fault alarm signal; where n is a natural number.

[0012] In summary, in the optimized control system for mine emergency drainage described in this invention, the control center processes the upper-level switch signal, lower-level switch signal, and fourth control signal sent by each mine emergency drainage water collection device. Based on the opening and closing of the upper-level and lower-level switch signals, a first control signal, a second control signal, and a third control signal are obtained. The operation of each mine emergency drainage water collection device is controlled according to these signals. Corresponding indicator lights are illuminated based on the second, third, and fourth control signals, allowing monitoring personnel to immediately understand the real-time mine water level and implement submersible pump cavitation protection. Simultaneously, when the first control signal is valid but the flow rate of the submersible pump in the mine emergency drainage water collection device is normal, it indicates a submersible pump malfunction, triggering an equipment fault alarm. When the real-time mine water level is higher than the high water level, in addition to the indicator light corresponding to the fourth control signal illuminating, a water level warning is also issued. Furthermore, the monitoring center also visually displays the real-time mine water level, submersible pump operating status, and alarm status. Therefore, the optimized control system for mine emergency drainage described in this invention has the characteristics of being highly intuitive, having good real-time performance, high control precision, fast response speed, high emergency drainage efficiency, good safety, simple structure, convenient use, and low cost, and is worthy of widespread application.

[0013] To achieve the above objectives, the third technical solution proposed by this invention is as follows:

[0014] The method for preventing air suction during mine emergency drainage, corresponding to any of the above-mentioned optimized control systems for mine emergency drainage, specifically includes the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: When the mine water level is lower than the low water level in the water collection hood, the lower reed switch is opened and the upper reed switch is also opened. At this time, the lower switch open signal and the upper switch open signal are combined to form the first control signal, which controls the corresponding motor to stop working.

[0016] Step 2: When the mine water level is between the low and medium water levels in the water collection hood, the lower reed switch is closed and the upper reed switch is open. At this time, the lower switch closing signal and the upper switch opening signal are combined to form the second control signal, which controls the yellow indicator light to light up.

[0017] Step 3: When the mine water level is between the middle and high water levels in the water collection hood, the lower reed switch and the upper reed switch are closed. At this time, the lower switch closing signal and the upper switch closing signal are combined to form a third control signal, which controls the corresponding motor to start. At the same time, the green indicator light is turned on.

[0018] Step 4: When the mine water level is higher than the high water level in the water collection hood, the red indicator light is turned on according to the fourth control signal generated by the photoelectric sensor, and at the same time, the mine water level warning buzzer is activated.

[0019] In summary, the mine emergency drainage cavitation protection method of this invention confirms that the real-time mine water level is below the low water level, between the low and medium water levels, between the medium and high water levels, or above the high water level based on the first control signal formed by the opening and closing of the upper and lower reed switches, the second control signal, the third control signal, and the fourth control signal generated by the photoelectric sensor. Simultaneously, the first control signal controls the corresponding motor to stop operating, that is, the corresponding submersible pump stops running, thus preventing damage to the submersible pump due to cavitation. When the second, third, or fourth control signal is valid, the corresponding indicator light is illuminated. In particular, when the fourth control signal is valid, in addition to illuminating the corresponding indicator light, a mine water level warning is also issued. Therefore, the mine emergency drainage cavitation protection method of this invention has the characteristics of strong intuitiveness, good real-time performance, high control accuracy, high precision, fast response speed, high emergency drainage efficiency, good safety, ease of use, and low cost, making it worthy of widespread application. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the water collection device for mine emergency drainage described in this invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing four water level conditions for the mine emergency drainage water collection device described in this invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the detection state of the photoelectric liquid level sensor described in this invention in a waterless state.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the detection state of the photoelectric liquid level sensor described in this invention under water conditions.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the composition and structure of the conditioning circuit described in this invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the optimized control system for mine emergency drainage described in this invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the mine emergency drainage protection method described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the mine emergency drainage water collection device described in this invention. Figure 1 As shown, the water collection device for mine emergency drainage according to the present invention includes: a water collection hood 3 for collecting mine water 2 from a bottom water tank 1 in a mine shaft; a submersible pump 4 for pumping out the mine water 2 from the water collection hood 3; a motor for driving the submersible pump 4; a flow control unit 9 for controlling the water flow of the submersible pump 4 to ensure its normal operation; two dual-magnetic float level switches 8 for detecting whether the real-time water level in the water collection hood 3 is lower than the low water level, between the low and medium water levels, or between the medium and high water levels, and sending the corresponding upper and lower switch signals to the external control system; and three photoelectric level sensors 10 for detecting whether the real-time water level in the water collection hood 3 is higher than the high water level, and sending the generated fourth control signal to the external control system.

[0029] The submersible pump 4 is connected to the flow unit 9 through the suction port 5. The submersible pump 4, the flow unit 9, and the suction port 5 are installed inside the water collection cover 3. Two double magnetic float level switches 8 are symmetrically installed on the upper part of the outer side of the water collection cover 3. Three photoelectric level sensors 10 are installed at a certain distance on the upper part of the outer side of the water collection cover 3.

[0030] The water collection hood 3 is installed inside the bottom water tank 1, and the bottom end of the water collection hood 3 is connected to the bottom water tank 1; the lower end of the submersible pump 4 is connected to the mine water 2 in the water collection hood, and the upper end of the submersible pump 4 is connected to one side of the flow unit 9 through the water inlet 5, and the other side of the flow unit 9 is connected to the outside of the water collection hood 3.

[0031] In practical applications, the overcurrent unit 9 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0032] In summary, the mine emergency drainage water collection device of this invention collects mine water from the bottom water tank of the mine using a water collection hood, and a submersible pump, driven by a motor, pumps the mine water out of the mine. To monitor changes in the mine water level, the device employs a dual-magnetic float level switch to sense changes in the real-time mine water level below the low level or between the low and medium levels. Crucially, it monitors when the real-time mine water level is below the low level to prevent the submersible pump from cavitating, thus avoiding damage. Simultaneously, the device also employs a photoelectric level sensor to sense changes in the real-time mine water level between the medium and high levels or above the high level. Crucially, it monitors when the real-time mine water level is above the high level to prevent the emergency from escalating. Therefore, the water collection device for mine emergency drainage described in this invention has the characteristics of good real-time performance, high precision, fast response speed, high emergency drainage efficiency, good safety, simple structure, convenient use and low cost. It can be widely used in the mining field and is worth promoting.

[0033] In the device described in this invention, the low water level is one-sixth of the capacity of the water tank at the bottom of the mine shaft, the medium water level is one-half of the capacity of the water tank at the bottom of the mine shaft, and the high water level is five-sixths of the capacity of the water tank at the bottom of the mine shaft. Figure 2 This diagram illustrates four water level conditions for the mine emergency drainage system described in this invention. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, Figure A represents the situation where the mine water level is lower than the low water level, Figure B represents the situation where the mine water level is between the low water level and the medium water level, Figure C represents the situation where the mine water level is between the medium water level and the high water level, and Figure D represents the situation where the mine water level is higher than the high water level.

[0034] In the device of this invention, each dual-magnetic float level switch 8 includes: a magnetic float that floats up and down within a certain range according to the water level change of the mine water 2 in the water collection hood 3; an upper-level reed switch 7 that opens or closes according to the floating position of the corresponding magnetic float and sends the corresponding upper-level switch signal to the external control system; a lower-level reed switch 6 that opens or closes according to the floating position of the corresponding magnetic float and sends the corresponding lower-level switch signal to the external control system; a metal rod for mounting the magnetic float, the upper-level reed switch 7, and the lower-level reed switch 6; and a ring magnet for generating a magnetic field; wherein,

[0035] The magnetic float has a hollow structure, and the annular magnets are encapsulated in the magnetic float. The upper reed switch 7 is installed at the middle water level, and the lower reed switch 6 is installed at the low water level. The magnetic float can float up and down within a certain range.

[0036] In practical applications, when the magnetic float is below the lower reed switch 6, both the upper reed switch 7 and the lower reed switch 6 are open. When the magnetic float is at the lower reed switch 6, the annular magnet in the magnetic float causes the lower reed switch 6 to close through the magnetic field. At this time, since the magnetic float is still below the upper reed switch 7, the upper reed switch 7 is open. When the magnetic float is at the upper reed switch 7, the annular magnet in the magnetic float causes the upper reed switch 7 to close through the magnetic field. At this time, since the magnetic float is above the lower reed switch 6, the lower reed switch 6 is also closed.

[0037] The low water level is the location of the suction port 5 of the submersible pump 4. In other words, the suction port 5 of the submersible pump 4 is located at approximately one-sixth of the capacity of the water tank at the bottom of the mine.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the detection state of the photoelectric liquid level sensor described in this invention in a waterless state. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the detection state of the photoelectric liquid level sensor described in this invention under water conditions. Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, each of the photoelectric liquid level sensors 10 includes: an infrared photodiode 12 for transmitting generated infrared light to a lens 13; two lenses 13 for receiving the infrared light generated by the infrared photodiode and generating refracted light; a phototransistor 11 for converting the refracted light transmitted by the lens 13 into an electrical signal and transmitting the electrical signal to a conditioning circuit; a conditioning circuit for filtering and shaping the electrical signal from the phototransistor 11 to generate a fourth control signal and transmitting the fourth control signal to an external control system; and a package structure 14 for encapsulating the infrared photodiode 12, lens 13, phototransistor 11, and conditioning circuit; wherein,

[0039] Two lenses are set at a certain angle on one side; on the inner side of the two lenses 13 and the side of the encapsulation structure 14 close to the lens 13, a phototransistor 11 and an infrared photodiode 12 are installed at intervals.

[0040] In practical applications, when the mine water level is lower than that of the photoelectric level sensor, the sensor cannot detect water (i.e., in a waterless state). The light emitted by the infrared photodiode 12 is entirely refracted by the lens 13 into the phototransistor 11, which converts the light signal into an electrical signal. At this time, because the light signal entering the phototransistor 11 is relatively strong, the converted electrical signal is also relatively strong. When the mine water level rises to the position of the lens 13 in the photoelectric level sensor, the sensor can detect water. That is, in a water-containing state, part of the light emitted by the infrared photodiode 12 is refracted into the mine water, and the other part is entirely refracted by the lens 13 into the phototransistor 11, which converts the light signal into an electrical signal. At this time, because the light signal entering the phototransistor 11 is relatively weak, the converted electrical signal is also relatively weak.

[0041] In practical applications, each photoelectric liquid level sensor 10 also includes a potentiometer for adjusting the detection distance of the photoelectric liquid level sensor 10 by adjusting its own resistance. This part is prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0042] In practical applications, three photoelectric liquid level sensors 10 are distributed at intervals along the upper circumference of the water collection hood 3 at the high water level.

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of the conditioning circuit described in this invention. Figure 5 The conditioning circuit of the present invention includes: first resistors to sixth resistors R1 to R6, first capacitor C1, second capacitor C2, first operational amplifier W1, second operational amplifier W2, and power supply VCC; wherein, the first capacitor C1, the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the second capacitor C2 constitute a low-pass filter, the first operational amplifier W1, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4 constitute an amplifier, and the second operational amplifier W2, the fifth resistor R5, and the sixth resistor R6 constitute a hysteresis comparator;

[0044] One end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the electrical signal output terminal of the phototransistor 11, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1 and one end of the second resistor R2. The other end of the first resistor R1 is grounded, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to one end of the second capacitor C2 and the second pin of the first operational amplifier W1. The other end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded.

[0045] The third pin of the first operational amplifier W1 is connected to one end of the third resistor R3 and one end of the fourth resistor R4. The other end of the third resistor R3 is grounded. The fifth pin of the first operational amplifier W1 is connected to the power supply VCC. The fourth pin of the first operational amplifier W1 is grounded. The first pin of the first operational amplifier W1 is connected to the other end of the fourth resistor R4 and the third pin of the second operational amplifier W2.

[0046] The second operational amplifier W2 has its second pin connected to one end of the fifth resistor R5 and one end of the sixth resistor R6. The other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the power supply VCC, and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is grounded. The second operational amplifier W2 has its fifth pin connected to the power supply VCC, its fourth pin grounded, and its first pin connected to an external controller.

[0047] In practical applications, the signal output from pin 1 of the second operational amplifier W2 is the fourth control signal. When the fourth control signal falls below a certain value, it will trigger a water level warning through the external control system. The water level warning trigger value of the fourth control signal can be set by the control system according to actual needs.

[0048] In this invention, the voltage output by the power supply VCC can be determined according to the actual situation. Here, the power supply VCC is existing technology and will not be described in detail.

[0049] In practical applications, the resistance of the first resistor R1 is 20KΩ, the resistance of the second resistor R2 is 10KΩ, the resistance of the third resistor is 220Ω, the resistance of the fourth resistor R4 is 120KΩ, the resistance of the fifth resistor R5 is 10KΩ, the resistance of the sixth resistor R6 is 10KΩ, the capacitance of the first capacitor C1 is 10uF, and the capacitance of the second capacitor C2 is 105uF.

[0050] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the optimized control system for mine emergency drainage described in this invention. Figure 6As shown, the optimized control system for mine emergency drainage according to the present invention includes: n mine emergency drainage water collection devices J1~JN, each of the above-mentioned devices, for transmitting the collected upper-level switch signals, lower-level switch signals, and fourth control signals to the control center respectively; n flow sensors for monitoring the water flow rate of each submersible pump in the mine emergency drainage water collection devices J1~JN respectively, and transmitting the water flow rate of each submersible pump to the monitoring and early warning center and the control center; and n submersible pumps for monitoring the water flow rate of each submersible pump in the mine emergency drainage water collection devices J1~JN respectively. Pressure sensors that monitor water pressure and transmit the water pressure of each submersible pump to the monitoring and early warning center; n temperature sensors that monitor the temperature of each motor in the mine emergency drainage collection devices J1~JN and transmit the temperature of each motor to the monitoring and early warning center; n current sensors that monitor the current of each motor in the mine emergency drainage collection devices J1~JN; and a combination of the upper-level switch signals and lower-level switch signals transmitted by each of the mine emergency drainage collection devices J1~JN, and the generation of a first control signal and a second control signal based on the corresponding signals. The system uses a control signal, a third control signal, and a fourth control signal received from the photoelectric liquid level sensor 10 to control the operation of each of the mine emergency drainage water collection devices J1~JN using a suction protection method. It also sends a corresponding mine water level warning signal to the monitoring and early warning center when the real-time water level in each of the mine emergency drainage water collection devices J1~JN is higher than the high water level, and a corresponding submersible pump fault alarm signal to the monitoring and early warning center when the real-time water level in each of the mine emergency drainage water collection devices J1~JN is lower than the low water level and the submersible pump has not stopped working. Simultaneously, it illuminates corresponding indicator lights based on the second, third, or fourth control signal and issues alarms based on the mine water level warning signal and the submersible pump fault alarm signal. The monitoring and early warning center displays the water flow rate of each submersible pump sent by n flow sensors, the water pressure of each submersible pump sent by n pressure sensors, the temperature of each motor sent by n temperature sensors, the current of each motor sent by n current sensors, the mine water level warning signal sent by the control center, and the submersible pump fault alarm signal; where n is a natural number.

[0051] In practical applications, the control center also pre-sets the water level warning trigger value and the minimum submersible pump flow rate. The water level warning trigger value and the minimum submersible pump flow rate can be set according to actual conditions. Specifically, the real-time water level in each of the mine emergency drainage collection devices J1~JN is lower than the low water level, but the submersible pump has not stopped working.

[0052] In summary, the optimized control system for mine emergency drainage described in this invention processes the upper-level switch signals, lower-level switch signals, and fourth control signals sent by the corresponding water collection devices for each mine emergency drainage system. Based on the opening and closing of the upper-level and lower-level switch signals, a first control signal, a second control signal, and a third control signal are obtained. The operation of each mine emergency drainage water collection device is controlled according to these signals. Corresponding indicator lights are illuminated based on the second, third, and fourth control signals, allowing monitoring personnel to immediately understand the real-time mine water level and implement submersible pump cavitation protection. Simultaneously, when the first control signal is valid but the flow rate of the submersible pump in the mine emergency drainage water collection device is normal, it indicates a submersible pump malfunction, triggering an equipment fault alarm. When the real-time mine water level is higher than the high water level, in addition to the indicator light corresponding to the fourth control signal illuminating, a water level warning is also issued. Furthermore, the monitoring center also visually displays the real-time mine water level, submersible pump operating status, and alarm status. Therefore, the optimized control system for mine emergency drainage described in this invention has the characteristics of being highly intuitive, having good real-time performance, high control precision, fast response speed, high emergency drainage efficiency, good safety, simple structure, convenient use, and low cost, and is worthy of widespread application.

[0053] In this invention system, the control center includes: a controller, n mine water level warning buzzers, n submersible pump malfunction buzzers, n red indicator lights, n green indicator lights, and n yellow indicator lights; wherein, each mine water level warning buzzer, submersible pump malfunction buzzer, red indicator light, yellow indicator light, and green indicator light corresponds to a set of mine emergency drainage water collection device.

[0054] The controller is used to combine the upper and lower switch signals sent by each of the mine emergency drainage water collection devices J1~JN: when both the lower and upper switch signals are open, the two signals are combined into a first control signal; when the lower switch signal is closed and the upper switch signal is open, the two signals are combined into a second control signal and sent to the corresponding yellow indicator light; when both the lower and upper switch signals are closed, the two signals are combined into a third control signal and sent to the corresponding green indicator light; simultaneously, when the first control signal is valid and the corresponding submersible pump water flow is normal, a submersible pump fault signal is sent to the corresponding submersible pump fault buzzer; it is also used to forward the fourth control signal received from the photoelectric liquid level sensor 10 to the corresponding red indicator light and the corresponding mine water level early warning buzzer.

[0055] The yellow indicator light is used to illuminate based on the second control signal sent by the controller.

[0056] The green indicator light illuminates in response to a third control signal sent by the controller.

[0057] The red indicator light is illuminated based on the fourth control signal sent by the controller.

[0058] A submersible pump malfunction buzzer is used to issue an alarm based on a submersible pump malfunction signal sent by the controller.

[0059] A mine water level warning buzzer is used to issue an alarm based on a fourth control signal sent by the controller.

[0060] In practical applications, the controller is also used to send the first control signal or the third control signal to the motor in the corresponding mine emergency drainage water collection device, and to send the first control signal, the second control signal, the third control signal, and the fourth control signal to the monitoring and early warning center.

[0061] The motor is also used to stop running according to a first control signal sent by the controller; to start running according to a third control signal sent by the controller; and to send its own stop running signal or start running signal to the monitoring and early warning center.

[0062] The monitoring and early warning center is also used to display the start and stop of the motor according to the stop and start signals sent by the motors in the corresponding mine emergency drainage water collection devices J1~JN; and to display the mine water level according to the first control signal, second control signal, third control signal and fourth control signal sent by the controller, respectively below the low water level, between the low water level and the medium water level, between the medium water level and the high water level, and above the high water level.

[0063] In practical applications, after the controller starts the corresponding motor through the third control signal, the controller's control of the motor operation process is existing technology and will not be elaborated here.

[0064] In the system of this invention, the controller can be a programmable logic controller (PLC), a microcontroller, or other types of controllers.

[0065] In practical applications, the controller also presets a water level warning trigger value and a minimum submersible pump flow rate. These values ​​can be set according to actual conditions. Specifically, the condition that the first control signal is valid and the corresponding submersible pump flow rate is normal means that the first control signal is valid, but the submersible pump flow rate is still higher than the minimum submersible pump flow rate.

[0066] In the system described in this invention, the low water level is one-sixth of the capacity of the mine's bottom water tank, the medium water level is one-half of the capacity of the mine's bottom water tank, and the high water level is five-sixths of the capacity of the mine's bottom water tank.

[0067] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the mine emergency drainage and air suction protection method described in this invention. Figure 7 As shown, the present invention relates to a method for preventing air suction during mine emergency drainage, which is a method for optimizing control systems for mine emergency drainage as described above. Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0068] Step 1: When the water level in the mine water 2 is lower than the low water level in the water collection hood 3, the lower reed switch 6 is opened and the upper reed switch 7 is also opened. At this time, the lower switch open signal and the upper switch open signal are combined to form the first control signal, which controls the corresponding motor to stop working.

[0069] Step 2: When the water level of mine water 2 is between the low water level and the medium water level in the water collection hood 3, the lower reed switch 6 is closed and the upper reed switch 7 is open. At this time, the lower switch closing signal and the upper switch opening signal are combined to form the second control signal, which controls the yellow indicator light to light up.

[0070] Step 3: When the water level of mine water 2 is between the middle water level and the high water level in the water collection hood 3, the lower magnetic reed switch 6 is closed and the upper magnetic reed switch 7 is also closed. At this time, the lower switch closing signal and the upper switch closing signal are combined into a third control signal to control the corresponding motor to start. At the same time, the green indicator light is turned on.

[0071] Step 4: When the water level in the mine water 2 is higher than the high water level in the water collection hood 3, the red indicator light is turned on according to the fourth control signal generated by the photoelectric sensor 10, and at the same time, the mine water level warning buzzer is activated.

[0072] In summary, the mine emergency drainage cavitation protection method of this invention confirms that the real-time mine water level is below the low water level, between the low and medium water levels, between the medium and high water levels, or above the high water level based on the first control signal formed by the opening and closing of the upper and lower reed switches, the second control signal, the third control signal, and the fourth control signal generated by the photoelectric sensor. Simultaneously, the first control signal controls the corresponding motor to stop operating, that is, the corresponding submersible pump stops running, thus preventing damage to the submersible pump due to cavitation. When the second, third, or fourth control signal is valid, the corresponding indicator light is illuminated. In particular, when the fourth control signal is valid, in addition to illuminating the corresponding indicator light, a mine water level warning is also issued. Therefore, the mine emergency drainage cavitation protection method of this invention has the characteristics of strong intuitiveness, good real-time performance, high control accuracy, fast response speed, high emergency drainage efficiency, good safety, ease of use, and low cost, making it worthy of widespread application.

[0073] In practical applications, the air intake protection method further includes the following steps between step 1 and step 2:

[0074] Step a: Determine the submersible pump flow rate based on the first control signal and the corresponding flow sensor: when the first control signal is valid and the corresponding submersible pump flow rate is higher than the minimum submersible pump flow rate, it indicates that the corresponding submersible pump is faulty and a submersible pump fault alarm is triggered; when the first control signal is valid and the corresponding submersible pump flow rate is lower than the minimum submersible pump flow rate, it indicates that the corresponding submersible pump is normal.

[0075] In the mine emergency drainage air suction protection method of the present invention, the low water level is one-sixth of the capacity of the mine bottom water tank, the medium water level is one-half of the capacity of the mine bottom water tank, and the high water level is five-sixths of the capacity of the mine bottom water tank.

[0076] In summary, since submersible pumps used for mine emergency drainage are mostly large submersible pumps, cavitation protection for these pumps is crucial. Therefore, the technical solutions described in this invention—the water collection device for mine emergency drainage, the optimized control system for mine emergency drainage, and the cavitation protection method for mine emergency drainage—are of great significance.

[0077] In summary, the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water collection device for emergency drainage in mines, characterized in that, The water collection device includes: a water collection hood for collecting mine water from a bottom water tank in a mine shaft; a submersible pump for pumping the mine water out of the water collection hood; a motor for driving the submersible pump; a flow control unit for controlling the water flow rate of the submersible pump to ensure its normal operation; two dual-magnetic float level switches for detecting whether the real-time water level in the water collection hood is lower than the low water level, between the low and medium water levels, or between the medium and high water levels, and sending the generated upper and lower switch signals to the external control system; and three photoelectric level sensors for detecting whether the real-time water level in the water collection hood is higher than the high water level, and sending the generated fourth control signal to the external control system. The submersible pump is connected to the flow unit via a suction port, and the submersible pump, flow unit, and suction port are installed inside the water collection hood. Two dual magnetic float level switches are symmetrically installed on the upper part of the outer side of the water collection hood; three photoelectric level sensors are installed at a certain distance on the upper part of the outer side of the water collection hood. The water collection hood is installed inside the water tank at the bottom of the well, and the bottom end of the water collection hood is connected to the water tank at the bottom of the well; the lower end of the submersible pump is connected to the mine water in the water collection hood, and the upper end of the submersible pump is connected to one side of the flow unit through the water inlet, and the other side of the flow unit is connected to the outside of the water collection hood. Each of the dual magnetic float level switches includes: a magnetic float that floats up and down within a certain range according to changes in the mine water level in the water collection hood; a higher-level reed switch that opens or closes according to the floating position of the corresponding magnetic float and sends a corresponding higher-level switch signal to an external control system; a lower-level reed switch that opens or closes according to the floating position of the corresponding magnetic float and sends a corresponding lower-level switch signal to an external control system; a metal rod for mounting the magnetic float, the higher-level reed switch, and the lower-level reed switch; and a ring magnet for generating a magnetic field; wherein... The magnetic float has a hollow structure, and the ring magnets are encapsulated in the magnetic float; the upper reed switch is installed at the middle water level, and the lower reed switch is installed at the low water level; the magnetic float can float up and down within a certain range. The low water level is the location of the submersible pump's suction port. Each of the aforementioned photoelectric liquid level sensors includes: an infrared photodiode for transmitting generated infrared light to a lens; two lenses for receiving the infrared light generated by the infrared photodiode and generating refracted light; a phototransistor for converting the refracted light transmitted by the lens into an electrical signal and transmitting the electrical signal to a conditioning circuit; a conditioning circuit for filtering and shaping the electrical signal from the phototransistor to generate a fourth control signal and transmitting the fourth control signal to an external control system; and a package structure for encapsulating the infrared photodiode, lens, phototransistor, and conditioning circuit; wherein... Two lenses are set at a certain angle on one side; on the inner side of the two lenses and close to the lens packaging structure side, phototransistors and infrared photodiodes are installed at intervals.

2. The water collection device for mine emergency drainage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low water level is one-sixth of the capacity of the mine's bottom water tank, the medium water level is one-half of the capacity of the mine's bottom water tank, and the high water level is five-sixths of the capacity of the mine's bottom water tank.

3. The mine emergency drainage water collection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The three photoelectric liquid level sensors are distributed circumferentially along the upper end of the water collection hood at the high water level.

4. The water collection device for mine emergency drainage according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The conditioning circuit includes: a first resistor to a sixth resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first operational amplifier, a second operational amplifier, and a power supply; wherein, the first capacitor, the first resistor, the second resistor, and the second capacitor constitute a low-pass filter, the first operational amplifier, the third resistor, and the fourth resistor constitute an amplifier, and the second operational amplifier, the fifth resistor, and the sixth resistor constitute a hysteresis comparator. One end of the first capacitor is connected to the electrical signal output terminal of the phototransistor, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected to one end of the first resistor and one end of the second resistor. The other end of the first resistor is grounded, and the other end of the second resistor is connected to one end of the second capacitor and the second pin of the first operational amplifier. The other end of the second capacitor is grounded. The first operational amplifier's pin 3 is connected to one end of the third resistor and one end of the fourth resistor, while the other end of the third resistor is grounded. The first operational amplifier's pin 5 is connected to the power supply, the first operational amplifier's pin 4 is grounded, and the first operational amplifier's pin 1 is connected to the other end of the fourth resistor and the second operational amplifier's pin 3. The second operational amplifier's pin 2 is connected to one end of the fifth resistor and one end of the sixth resistor. The other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the power supply, and the other end of the sixth resistor is grounded. The second operational amplifier's pin 5 is connected to the power supply, the second operational amplifier's pin 4 is grounded, and the second operational amplifier's pin 1 is connected to an external controller.

5. The water collection device for mine emergency drainage according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first resistor has a resistance of 20KΩ, the second resistor has a resistance of 10KΩ, the third resistor has a resistance of 220Ω, the fourth resistor has a resistance of 120KΩ, the fifth resistor has a resistance of 10KΩ, the sixth resistor has a resistance of 10KΩ, the first capacitor has a capacitance of 10uF, and the second capacitor has a capacitance of 105uF.

6. An optimized control system for mine emergency drainage, characterized in that, The optimized control system includes: n water collection devices for mine emergency drainage as described in any one of claims 1 to 5; n flow sensors for monitoring the water flow rate of submersible pumps in each water collection device and sending the water flow rate of each submersible pump to the monitoring and early warning center and the control center; n pressure sensors for monitoring the water pressure of each submersible pump in each water collection device and sending the water pressure of each submersible pump to the monitoring and early warning center; n temperature sensors for monitoring the temperature of each motor in each water collection device and sending the temperature of each motor to the monitoring and early warning center; n current sensors for monitoring the current of each motor in each water collection device; and a combination of upper-level switch signals and lower-level switch signals sent by each of the water collection devices for mine emergency drainage, and the generation of a first control signal, a second control signal, a third control signal, and a fourth control signal received from the photoelectric liquid level sensor. The system employs a suction protection method to control the operation of each of the mine emergency drainage water collection devices, and sends a corresponding mine water level warning signal to the monitoring and early warning center when the real-time water level in each of the mine emergency drainage water collection devices is higher than the high water level, and sends a corresponding submersible pump fault alarm signal to the monitoring and early warning center when the real-time water level in each of the mine emergency drainage water collection devices is lower than the low water level and the submersible pump has not stopped working; simultaneously, it also illuminates corresponding indicator lights according to the second, third, or fourth control signals, and issues alarms according to the mine water level warning signal and the submersible pump fault alarm signal; the monitoring and early warning center is used to display the water flow of each submersible pump sent by n flow sensors, the water pressure of each submersible pump sent by n pressure sensors, the temperature of each motor sent by n temperature sensors, the current of each motor sent by n current sensors, the mine water level warning signal sent by the control center, and the submersible pump fault alarm signal; where n is a natural number.

7. An optimized control system for mine emergency drainage according to claim 6, characterized in that, The control center includes: one controller, n mine water level warning buzzers, n submersible pump malfunction buzzers, n red indicator lights, n green indicator lights, and n yellow indicator lights; wherein, each mine water level warning buzzer, submersible pump malfunction buzzer, red indicator light, yellow indicator light, and green indicator light corresponds to a set of mine emergency drainage water collection device. The controller is used to combine the upper-level switch signals and lower-level switch signals sent by each of the mine emergency drainage water collection devices: when both the lower-level switch signal and the upper-level switch signal are open, the two signals are combined into a first control signal; when the lower-level switch signal is closed and the upper-level switch signal is open, the two signals are combined into a second control signal and sent to the corresponding yellow indicator light; when both the lower-level switch signal and the upper-level switch signal are closed, the two signals are combined into a third control signal and sent to the corresponding green indicator light; simultaneously, when the first control signal is valid and the corresponding submersible pump water flow is normal, a submersible pump fault signal is sent to the corresponding submersible pump fault buzzer; it is also used to forward the fourth control signal received from the photoelectric liquid level sensor to the corresponding red indicator light and the corresponding mine water level early warning buzzer; The yellow indicator light is illuminated according to the second control signal sent by the controller. The green indicator light illuminates in response to the third control signal sent by the controller. The red indicator light is used to illuminate based on the fourth control signal sent by the controller; A submersible pump malfunction buzzer is used to issue an alarm based on a submersible pump malfunction signal sent by the controller. A mine water level warning buzzer is used to issue an alarm based on a fourth control signal sent by the controller.

8. An optimized control system for mine emergency drainage according to claim 7, characterized in that, The controller is also used to send the first control signal or the third control signal to the motor in the corresponding mine emergency drainage water collection device, and to send the first control signal, the second control signal, the third control signal, and the fourth control signal to the monitoring and early warning center; The motor is also used to stop running according to a first control signal sent by the controller; to start running according to a third control signal sent by the controller; and to send its own stop running signal or start running signal to the monitoring and early warning center. The monitoring and early warning center is also used to display the start and stop of the motor according to the stop and start signals sent by the motor in the corresponding mine emergency drainage water collection device; and to display the mine water level according to the first control signal, second control signal, third control signal and fourth control signal sent by the controller, respectively below the low water level, between the low water level and the medium water level, between the medium water level and the high water level, and above the high water level.

9. A method for preventing air suction during mine emergency drainage in an optimized control system for mine emergency drainage as described in any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that, The air intake protection method specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: When the water level in the mine is lower than the low water level in the water collection hood, the lower reed switch is opened and the upper reed switch is also opened. At this time, the lower switch open signal and the upper switch open signal are combined to form the first control signal, which controls the corresponding motor to stop working. Step 2: When the mine water level is between the low and medium water levels in the water collection hood, the lower reed switch is closed and the upper reed switch is open. At this time, the lower switch closing signal and the upper switch opening signal are combined to form the second control signal, which controls the yellow indicator light to light up. Step 3: When the mine water level is between the middle and high water levels in the water collection hood, the lower reed switch is closed and the upper reed switch is also closed. At this time, the lower switch closing signal and the upper switch closing signal are combined into a third control signal to control the corresponding motor to start. At the same time, the green indicator light is turned on. Step 4: When the mine water level is higher than the high water level in the water collection hood, the red indicator light is turned on according to the fourth control signal generated by the photoelectric sensor, and at the same time, the mine water level warning buzzer is activated.

10. The method for vacuum protection in mine emergency drainage according to claim 9, characterized in that, The air intake protection method further includes the following steps between step 1 and step 2: Step a: Determine the submersible pump flow rate based on the first control signal and the corresponding flow sensor: when the first control signal is valid and the corresponding submersible pump flow rate is higher than the minimum submersible pump flow rate, it indicates that the corresponding submersible pump is faulty and a submersible pump fault alarm is triggered; when the first control signal is valid and the corresponding submersible pump flow rate is lower than the minimum submersible pump flow rate, it indicates that the corresponding submersible pump is normal.

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