Oil collecting ring, fuel nozzle and combustion chamber

Abstract

The invention provides an oil collecting ring, a fuel nozzle and a combustion chamber, the oil collecting ring comprises a shell, a rod core and a purging mechanism, and the shell is provided with a containing cavity; the rod core is arranged in the containing cavity and comprises a pre-combustion-stage oil way and a main combustion-stage oil way, the main combustion-stage oil way is provided with an injection opening, a flow guide hole corresponding to the injection opening is formed in the shell, and a plurality of flow guide holes are formed in the shell in the circumferential direction. The purging mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the flow guide hole of the shell and comprises a first purging assembly and a second purging assembly, and the airflow pressure, facing the flow guide hole side, of the first purging assembly is higher than that of the second purging assembly. According to the oil collecting ring, the relative positive pressure area and the relative negative pressure area are formed near the flow guide holes through the first purging assembly and the second purging assembly, the relative pressure difference formed at the different flow guide holes can achieve the effect of automatically purging fuel oil when a main combustion stage oil way is closed, the coking risk of the main combustion stage oil way is effectively reduced, and the service life of a fuel oil nozzle is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aviation engines, and in particular to an oil collecting ring, a fuel nozzle and a combustion chamber. Background Art

[0002] The fuel nozzle of an aircraft engine is mainly affected by the convection heat transfer from the inlet air of the combustion chamber and the radiation heat transfer of the gas in the combustion chamber flame tube. As the engine cycle parameters continue to increase, the temperature of the inlet air of the combustion chamber and the temperature of the gas in the combustion chamber flame tube continue to increase, so the thermal load of the nozzle increases, and the inner wall temperature of the fuel nozzle oil circuit and the temperature of the fuel also continue to increase.

[0003] Higher fuel wet wall temperature causes thermal oxidation or thermal cracking of fuel. When the fuel wet wall temperature is greater than 421K, oxidation will occur, and when the fuel wet wall temperature is greater than 699K, thermal cracking will occur. After thermal oxidation or thermal cracking, it will deposit and coke on the wall of the oil channel, reducing the flow area of ​​the fuel pipeline. In severe cases, it will even block the nozzle and affect the fuel atomization effect. The increasingly poor fuel atomization effect will lead to the deterioration of the combustion efficiency, emissions, and outlet temperature distribution of the combustion chamber, increase the fuel consumption of the engine, reduce the power performance, and it is difficult to guarantee the working life of the turbine blades, posing a serious threat to flight safety.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to adopt a thermal protection design for the nozzle to reduce the heating effect of external heat sources on the fuel and reduce the temperature of the inner wall of the nozzle oil circuit, thereby avoiding the occurrence of coking. For the main combustion stage oil circuit, it is necessary to design a purge structure for the remaining fuel in the oil circuit after the main combustion stage oil circuit is closed.

[0005] Based on this, the inventor of the present application proposes an oil collecting ring, a fuel nozzle and a combustion chamber in order to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect in the prior art that when the main combustion stage oil circuit is closed, the fuel in the fuel pipeline is prone to oxidation reaction and reduces the flow area of ​​the fuel pipeline, and to provide an oil collecting ring, a fuel nozzle and a combustion chamber.

[0007] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides an oil collecting ring, which is characterized in that the outer shell has a containing chamber;

[0009] A rod core is arranged in the accommodating chamber, the rod core comprises a pre-combustion stage oil passage and a main combustion stage oil passage, the main combustion stage oil passage has an injection port, a guide hole corresponding to the injection port is opened on the shell, and a plurality of guide holes are opened in the circumference of the shell;

[0010] The purge mechanism is arranged outside the guide hole of the shell, and the purge mechanism includes a first purge component and a second purge component. The airflow pressure of the first purge component toward the guide hole side is higher than that of the second purge component.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the purge mechanism is fixedly connected to the housing.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first purge assembly comprises a first rod body and a second rod body, the first rod body and the second rod body are spaced apart and arranged at an angle, the first rod body and the second rod body extend away from each other along the airflow direction of the cyclone outlet to form a relatively positive pressure zone around the guide hole;

[0013] The second purge assembly includes a third rod and a fourth rod, the third rod is spaced apart from the fourth rod and arranged at an angle, and the third rod and the fourth rod are close to each other along the airflow direction of the cyclone outlet to form a relative negative pressure area around the guide hole.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first rod body and the second rod body are both arc-shaped, and the first rod body and the second rod body are convex in a direction toward the guide hole and away from the guide hole.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the third rod and the fourth rod are both straight rods, the ends of the third rod and the fourth rod extend to the guide hole, and the spacing distance at the guide hole is consistent with the aperture of the guide hole.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first purge assembly and the second purge assembly are symmetrically arranged along the outer circumference of the housing.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first purge assembly and the second purge assembly are cross-arranged along the outer circumference of the housing.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the number of the first purge assemblies is greater than the number of the second purge assemblies.

[0019] The present invention also provides a fuel injection nozzle, which is characterized by comprising:

[0020] Oil spray rod;

[0021] As described above, the oil collecting ring has a swirler disposed outside the oil collecting ring, and one end of the oil spray rod is connected to the oil collecting ring.

[0022] The present invention also provides a combustion chamber, which is characterized in that it includes:

[0023] flame tube;

[0024] A casing, the casing being arranged outside the flame tube and connected to the flame tube;

[0025] As described above, one end of the fuel nozzle is connected to the flame tube.

[0026] The positive and progressive effects of the present invention are:

[0027] The oil collecting ring of the present invention utilizes the first purge assembly and the second purge assembly to form a relatively positive pressure area and a relatively negative pressure area near the guide hole. The relative pressure difference formed at different guide holes can automatically blow away the fuel when the main combustion stage oil circuit is closed, effectively reducing the risk of coking in the main combustion stage oil circuit and increasing the service life of the fuel nozzle.

[0028] The oil collecting ring provided by the present invention increases the shell structural strength of the oil collecting ring under the design of the purge mechanism, and reduces the risk of cracks occurring near the main nozzle due to high temperature deformation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the combustion chamber of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the oil collecting ring in FIG.

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A front view of the housing of the oil collecting ring is shown;

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B in the middle;

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at C in the middle;

[0036] Figure 7 for Figure 2 An axonometric view of the housing of the oil collecting ring is shown;

[0037] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A front view of the housing is shown.

[0038] 10. Oil collecting ring;

[0039] 11. housing; 110. accommodating chamber; 111. flow guide hole;

[0040] 12, rod core; 120, pre-combustion stage oil circuit; 121, main combustion stage oil circuit; 122, injection port;

[0041] 13. Purge mechanism; 130. First purge assembly; 131. Second purge assembly; 132. First rod; 133. Second rod; 134. Third rod; 135. Fourth rod;

[0042] 20. Oil spray rod; 210. Cyclone;

[0043] 30. Combustion chamber; 310. Flame tube; 320. Casing; 330. Fuel nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Reference will now be made in detail to preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numerals will be used in all drawings to represent the same or similar parts. In addition, although the terms used in the present invention are selected from well-known and commonly used terms, some of the terms mentioned in the specification of the present invention may be selected by the applicant at his or her discretion, and their detailed meanings are explained in the relevant parts of the description herein. In addition, it is required to understand the present invention not only by the actual terms used, but also by the meaning implied by each term.

[0046] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 The present invention proposes a combustion chamber 30, which includes a flame tube 310, a casing 320 and a fuel nozzle 330. The casing 320 is arranged on the outside of the flame tube 310 and is connected to the flame tube 310. The airflow entering the combustion chamber 30 is divided into three streams, including outer chamber air, head intake and inner ring chamber air.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 The structure diagram of the combustion chamber 30 of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 A cross-sectional view showing a cross section of the oil collecting ring 10 of the present invention.

[0048] The fuel nozzle 330 includes a fuel injection rod 20 and an oil collecting ring 10. A swirler 210 is provided on the outside of the oil collecting ring 10. The fuel injection rod 20 is fixed to the casing 320. The air enters the combustion chamber 30 after being compressed by the compressor, and is mixed with the fuel output from the oil circuit of the oil collecting ring 10 of the fuel nozzle 330 and then burns in the flame tube 310, generating high-temperature combustion gas that flows backward to drive the turbine to do work.

[0049] Please refer to Figures 3 to 6 , Figure 3 Shows Figure 2 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle, Figure 4 Shows Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the housing 11 of the oil collecting ring 10, Figure 5 Shows Figure 4 The enlarged structural intention at B in the middle, Figure 6 Shows Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point C in the middle.

[0050] Specifically, the oil collecting ring 10 includes an outer shell 11, a rod core 12 and a purge mechanism 13. The outer shell 11 has an accommodating chamber 110. The rod core 12 is located in the accommodating chamber 110. The rod core 12 includes a pre-combustion stage oil circuit 120 and a main combustion stage oil circuit 121. The main combustion stage oil circuit 121 has an injection port 122. The outer shell 11 is provided with a guide hole 111 corresponding to the injection port 122. The outer shell 11 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of guide holes 111.

[0051] The plurality of guide holes 111 are evenly spaced around the outer circumference of the housing 11 to evenly spray the fuel to the space around the inlet of the flame tube 310, thereby improving the uniformity of fuel injection.

[0052] When the main combustion stage oil circuit 121 is opened, the fuel is sprayed outward from the injection port 122 through the guide hole 111, mixed with the air at the outlet of the swirler 210 after being atomized, and burned in the flame tube 310. When the main combustion stage oil circuit 121 is closed, part of the fuel remains in the main combustion stage oil circuit 121. If it is not blown away in time, there is a risk of the fuel being heated and coked.

[0053] The purge mechanism 13 is disposed outside the guide hole 111 of the housing 11 . The purge mechanism 13 includes a first purge component 130 and a second purge component 131 . The airflow pressure of the first purge component 130 toward the guide hole 111 is higher than that of the second purge component 131 .

[0054] The purge mechanism 13 of the present application is used to automatically blow out part of the fuel remaining in the main combustion stage oil circuit 121 when the main combustion stage oil circuit 121 is closed, thereby avoiding the risk of the fuel being coked due to heat.

[0055] When the main combustion stage oil circuit 121 is closed, the first purge assembly 130 and the second purge assembly 131 generate a pressure difference at the positions of their respective corresponding guide holes 111. Under the action of the pressure difference, the airflow outside the outer shell 11 enters the fuel pipeline from the high pressure side, and blows the residual fuel in the main combustion stage oil circuit 121 out from the low pressure side, effectively reducing the risk of coking of the main combustion stage oil circuit 121 and increasing the service life of the nozzle.

[0056] In one embodiment, the purge mechanism 13 is fixedly connected to the housing 11. For example, the purge mechanism 13 can be welded or integrally arranged on the housing 11, which increases the structural strength of the housing 11 of the oil collecting ring 10 and reduces the risk of cracks near the injection port 122 due to high temperature deformation.

[0057] Compared with the prior art method of forming a pressure difference by opening holes on the housing 11, the present application is conducive to improving the service life of the housing 11. In the prior art, further opening holes around the injection port 122 will undoubtedly increase the risk of cracks in the housing 11 under high temperature.

[0058] Please refer to Figures 4 to 6 The first purge assembly 130 includes a first rod body 132 and a second rod body 133. The first rod body 132 and the second rod body 133 are spaced apart and arranged at an angle. The first rod body 132 and the second rod body 133 extend away from each other along the air flow direction of the cyclone 210 outlet to form a relatively positive pressure area around the guide hole 111.

[0059] Correspondingly, the second purge assembly 131 includes a third rod 134 and a fourth rod 135, which are spaced apart and arranged at an angle. The third rod 134 and the fourth rod 135 are close to each other along the outlet airflow direction of the cyclone 210 to form a relative negative pressure area around the guide hole 111.

[0060] The first rod 132 and the second rod 133 extend away from each other toward the ends of the guide hole 111 , thereby forming an expansion channel between the first rod 132 and the second rod 133 . The airflow W at the outlet of the swirler 210 is decelerated and pressurized in the expansion channel, forming a relatively positive pressure area near the guide hole 111 .

[0061] A contraction channel is formed between the third rod body 134 and the fourth rod body 135 . The airflow W at the outlet of the swirler 210 is accelerated and reduced in pressure in the contraction channel, and a relatively negative pressure area is formed near the guide hole 111 .

[0062] For details, please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 , Figure 7 Shows Figure 2 The axonometric view of the housing 11 of the oil collecting ring 10 is shown. Figure 8 Shows Figure 7 A front view of the middle housing 11.

[0063] Figure 7 and Figure 8 2 is a schematic diagram showing that the airflow from the cyclone 210 side flows into the guide hole 111 corresponding to the first purge assembly 130 and flows out from the guide hole 111 corresponding to the second purge assembly 131 .

[0064] When the main combustion stage oil circuit 121 is closed, due to the presence of a relative positive pressure zone and a relative negative pressure zone near the injection port 122, a pressure difference is generated between different injection ports 122, and the purge airflow flows from the relative positive pressure zone I into the main combustion stage oil circuit 121, and the residual fuel in the main combustion stage oil circuit 121 is blown out from the relative negative pressure zone O, thereby achieving the effect of automatically blowing away the fuel when the main combustion stage oil circuit 121 is closed, effectively reducing the risk of coking of the main combustion stage oil circuit 121 and increasing the service life of the fuel nozzle 330.

[0065] That is, under the action of the first rod 132 , the second rod 133 , the third rod 134 and the fourth rod 135 , the structural strength of the housing 11 is increased, while the risk of cracks near the injection port 122 due to high temperature deformation is reduced.

[0066] In one embodiment, the first rod body 132 and the second rod body 133 are both arc-shaped, and the first rod body 132 and the second rod body 133 are convex toward the direction of the air guide hole 111 and away from the air guide hole 111 .

[0067] Specifically, the first rod body 132 and the second rod body 133 are set to be arc-shaped, and the ends of the first rod body 132 and the second rod body 133 in the direction of the guide hole 111 are extended in a flared form, so that the cross-sectional area of ​​gas flow near the guide hole 111 is larger, and the airflow is decelerated and pressurized around the guide hole 111.

[0068] Correspondingly, the third rod 134 and the fourth rod 135 are both straight rods, and their ends extend to the guide hole 111 , and the spacing distance at the guide hole 111 is consistent with the aperture of the guide hole 111 .

[0069] Specifically, the third rod 134 and the fourth rod 135 are set as straight rods, and the third rod 134 and the fourth rod 135 extend in a constricted form toward the guide hole 111, so that the gas flow area near the guide hole 111 is gradually reduced, and the airflow is accelerated and reduced in pressure around the guide hole 111.

[0070] That is, setting the first rod 132 and the second rod 133 in an arc shape is conducive to expanding the cross-sectional area around the guide hole 111, thereby increasing the expansion area and forming a greater pressure difference between the third rod 134 and the fourth rod 135.

[0071] Arranging the third rod body 134 and the fourth rod body 135 as straight rods is beneficial to collecting the airflow at the outlet of the cyclone 210 , thereby forming a relatively negative pressure area near the guide hole 111 .

[0072] In one embodiment, the first purge assembly 130 and the second purge assembly 131 are symmetrically arranged along the outer circumference of the housing 11 .

[0073] In some other embodiments, the first purge assembly 130 and the second purge assembly 131 are cross-arranged along the outer circumference of the housing 11 .

[0074] That is, the first purge assembly 130 and the second purge assembly 131 may be symmetrically arranged in a radial direction of the housing 11 , or may be arranged at intervals, etc., which is not limited here.

[0075] In one embodiment, the number of first purge assemblies 130 is greater than the number of second purge assemblies 131 .

[0076] That is, using a greater number of first purge assemblies 130 can improve the efficiency of blowing out the residual fuel.

[0077] The heat protection design of the oil collecting ring 10 can reduce the heating effect of the external heat source on the fuel oil, reduce the temperature of the inner wall of the fuel nozzle 330, and thus avoid the occurrence of coking.

[0078] A purge structure is designed for the remaining fuel in the fuel circuit after the main combustion stage oil circuit 121 is closed, and the pressure at some injection ports 122 is greater than the pressure at other injection ports 122. When the airflow at the outlet of the swirler 210 flows through the injection port 122, under the distribution of the pressure difference, the airflow enters the injection port 122 through the position with low pressure difference, and is discharged from the injection port 122 with high pressure difference, thereby bringing out the residual fuel in the main combustion stage oil circuit 121, thereby ensuring the purge effect of the main combustion stage oil circuit 121.

[0079] In summary, the oil collecting ring 10 of the present invention utilizes the first purge assembly 130 and the second purge assembly 131 to form a relatively positive pressure zone and a relatively negative pressure zone near the guide hole 111. The relative pressure difference formed at different guide holes 111 can automatically blow away the fuel when the main combustion stage oil circuit 121 is closed, thereby effectively reducing the risk of coking of the main combustion stage oil circuit 121 and increasing the service life of the fuel nozzle 330.

[0080] The oil collecting ring 10 provided by the present invention effectively reduces the risk of coking when the main combustion stage oil circuit 121 is closed, and increases the service life of the fuel nozzle 330. At the same time, the design of the purge mechanism 13 increases the structural strength of the outer shell 11 of the oil collecting ring 10, and reduces the risk of cracks near the main nozzle due to high temperature deformation.

[0081] The present application uses specific words to describe the embodiments of the present application. For example, "one embodiment", "an embodiment", and / or "some embodiments" refer to a certain feature, structure or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or multiple times in different positions in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, some features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the present application can be appropriately combined.

[0082] Similarly, it should be noted that in order to simplify the description of the disclosure of this application and thus facilitate the understanding of one or more embodiments of the invention, in the foregoing description of the embodiments of this application, multiple features are sometimes grouped into one embodiment, drawing or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not mean that the subject matter of this application requires more features than those mentioned in the claims.

[0083] Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oil collecting ring, characterized in that: include: A housing having a receiving chamber; A rod core is arranged in the accommodating chamber, the rod core comprises a pre-combustion stage oil passage and a main combustion stage oil passage, the main combustion stage oil passage has an injection port, a guide hole corresponding to the injection port is opened on the shell, and a plurality of guide holes are opened in the circumference of the shell; The purge mechanism is arranged outside the guide hole of the shell, and the purge mechanism includes a first purge component and a second purge component. The airflow pressure of the first purge component toward the guide hole side is higher than that of the second purge component.

2. The oil collecting ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The purge mechanism is fixedly connected to the shell.

3. The oil collecting ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first purge assembly comprises a first rod body and a second rod body, the first rod body and the second rod body are spaced apart and arranged at an angle, the first rod body and the second rod body extend away from each other along the air flow direction of the cyclone outlet to form a relative positive pressure zone around the guide hole; The second purge assembly includes a third rod and a fourth rod, the third rod is spaced apart from the fourth rod and arranged at an angle, and the third rod and the fourth rod are close to each other along the airflow direction of the cyclone outlet to form a relative negative pressure area around the guide hole.

4. The oil collecting ring according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first rod body and the second rod body are both arc-shaped, and the first rod body and the second rod body are convex in a direction toward the guide hole and away from the guide hole.

5. The oil collecting ring according to claim 3, characterized in that: The third rod body and the fourth rod body are both straight rods, and the ends of the third rod body and the fourth rod body extend to the guide hole, and the spacing distance at the guide hole is consistent with the aperture of the guide hole.

6. The oil collecting ring according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first purge assembly and the second purge assembly are symmetrically arranged along the outer circumference of the housing.

7. The oil collecting ring according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first purge assembly and the second purge assembly are cross-arranged along the outer circumference of the housing.

8. The oil collecting ring according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the first purge assemblies is greater than the number of the second purge assemblies.

9. A fuel nozzle, characterized in that: include: Oil spray rod; The oil collecting ring according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a swirler is arranged on the outside of the oil collecting ring, and one end of the oil spray rod is connected to the oil collecting ring.

10. A combustion chamber, characterized in that: include: flame tube; A casing, the casing being arranged outside the flame tube and connected to the flame tube; The fuel nozzle according to claim 9, wherein one end of the fuel nozzle is connected to the flame tube.

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