Lead electrolysis anode residual polar plate and cathode lead sheet waste heat utilization heating device

Abstract

The invention discloses a lead electrolysis anode residual plate and cathode lead sheet waste heat utilization heating device which comprises a rack and is characterized in that driving devices are arranged on the two sides of the upper portion of the rack respectively, a drying trolley is arranged on the upper portions of the driving devices, a hot gas distribution box is arranged in the middle of the upper portion of the rack, and hot gas inlets are formed in the bottoms of the hot gas distribution box respectively; a plurality of first air holes are formed in the top of the hot gas distribution box, a trolley connector is arranged between every two adjacent drying trolleys, and a plurality of second air holes are formed in the bottoms of the drying trolleys, so that the melting process that a solution enters anode scraps and cathode lead sheets is greatly reduced, and the material temperature is increased by fully utilizing flue gas waste heat; and the amount of silicofluoric acid aerosol in tail gas is reduced, process energy consumption is reduced, enterprise production is stabilized, and energy conservation and emission reduction of enterprises are promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lead electrolysis, in particular to a heating device for utilizing waste heat of anode residual plates and cathode lead sheets in lead electrolysis. Background Art

[0002] The silicic acid electrolytic refining process of crude lead is the mainstream process for the production of refined lead in China. The crude lead is cast into the anode, and the refined lead starting plate is used as the cathode. Appropriate direct current is passed into the silicic acid solution. The lead and metals with a potential more negative than lead in the anode crude lead dissolve into the solution, and metals such as lead and copper are precipitated on the cathode plate. Other metals entering the solution exist in the electrolyte in the form of silicic acid fluorides. Impurities in the crude lead with a potential more positive than lead are insoluble and attached to the anode plate, which is called anode mud.

[0003] After a certain period, most of the lead in the crude lead anode dissolves (about 70-80%) into the solution and precipitates on the cathode plate. The remaining crude lead remains on the anode plate, which is called residual anode. After cleaning and recovering the anode mud, it is melted and cast into crude lead anode plates and returned to electrolytic refining. The removed cathode lead sheets are further removed after melting, and some are made into starting electrode sheets and returned to electrolytic refining, while the rest are cast into refined lead ingots to become products.

[0004] The residual anode and cathode lead sheet are taken out from the fluorosilicate solution. After the anode mud is cleaned, the surface of the anode and cathode lead sheet has a certain amount of fluorosilicate solution because the washing water becomes a fluorosilicate solution after circulation.

[0005] Since the surface of the residual anode is a mesh structure covered with a large number of tiny holes and gaps, the mesh structure carries a certain amount of water after cleaning the residual anode, and a large number of tiny holes and gaps carry silicic acid, water, and silicic acid solution.

[0006] The surface of the cathode lead sheet electrolytic crystallization is rough, often forming irregular lumpy blisters, and there are also a large number of tiny holes and gaps. When taken out from the electrolytic silicofluoric acid solution, it also contains a certain amount of silicofluoric acid and silicofluoric acid salt solution.

[0007] At present, in the industrial production process, the residual anode and cathode lead sheets are directly or briefly hung to dry naturally before being added to the melting equipment for melting and casting. However, the short natural air drying cannot effectively remove the silicic acid, water, and silicic acid fluoride solution. During the melting process, the water, silicic acid fluoride, and silicic acid fluoride solution are heated and enter the flue gas. When the dust collection system is cooled, the water entering the flue gas condenses and agglomerates on the dust filter medium, blocking the filter medium, causing the dust collection system resistance to increase, the negative pressure of the melting equipment to decrease, the flue gas to escape seriously, and the environment to deteriorate. The environmental protection pressure at the operation site is relatively large, and production is interrupted in serious cases.

[0008] At the same time, as the flue gas temperature decreases, the silicic acid and silicic acid salts entering the flue gas are precipitated from the flue gas in the form of aerosols, which are difficult to be intercepted by the filter medium of the dust collection equipment and enter the flue gas. Aerosols exist in the exhaust gas as colloidal particles, and the flue gas monitoring equipment counts them as solid particles, often causing the "solid particles" in the exhaust gas to exceed 2mg / Nm 3 , seriously affecting the normal production.

[0009] Secondly, since fluorides have a relatively low melting point and good volatility, the fluorides that enter the melting process and the fluorides produced by the reaction with fluorinated silicic acid enter the gas phase, increasing the dust collection load.

[0010] At present, the waste heat of high-temperature flue gas from lead smelting equipment has not been effectively utilized. The heat in the flue gas is cooled by surface coolers, and the heat is dissipated into the air to reduce the temperature to meet the requirements of the dust collection process, resulting in waste of heat energy.

[0011] In response to the above problems, the currently known methods and research directions are to improve and perfect the dust collection system and adopt advanced dust collection technology and equipment to solve the problem, which results in increased investment in dust collection equipment. However, it still fails to fundamentally solve the problem of short operation cycle of the dust collection system and occasional instantaneous "exceeding the standard" of solid particles in the exhaust gas. Summary of the invention

[0012] The present invention provides a heating device for utilizing waste heat of anode residual plates and cathode lead sheets in lead electrolysis, which can effectively solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0013] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a heating device for utilizing the waste heat of residual anode plates and cathode lead sheets in lead electrolysis, comprising a frame, characterized in that: driving devices are respectively arranged on both sides of the upper part of the frame, a drying trolley is arranged on the upper part of the driving device, a hot gas distribution box is arranged in the middle section of the upper part of the frame, hot gas inlets are respectively arranged at the bottom of the hot gas distribution box, a plurality of first air holes are arranged on the top of the hot gas distribution box, a trolley connector is arranged between adjacent drying trolleys, and a plurality of second air holes are arranged at the bottom of the drying trolley.

[0014] Furthermore, the diameter of the second air holes at the bottom of the drying trolley is 0.05-1 mm, and the porosity is greater than 60%.

[0015] Furthermore, trolley tracks are respectively arranged on both sides of the frame, wheel couplings are respectively arranged on both sides of the drying trolley, trolley wheels are arranged on the wheel couplings, sealing devices are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom of the drying trolley, a gas collection hood is correspondingly arranged on the upper part of the drying trolley, and an exhaust port is arranged on the top of the gas collection hood.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The high-temperature flue gas waste heat generated by anode refining and cathode refining is used to further dry the moisture on the residual anode and cathode lead sheets and add them to the lead melting pot at a certain temperature, which greatly reduces the solution entering the melting process of the residual anode and cathode lead sheets. The waste heat of the flue gas is fully utilized to increase the material temperature, reduce the amount of silicic acid aerosol in the exhaust gas, reduce process energy consumption, stabilize enterprise production, and promote enterprise energy conservation and emission reduction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drying trolley and the hot gas distribution box of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, a heating device for utilizing waste heat of residual anode plates and cathode lead sheets in lead electrolysis comprises a frame 1, characterized in that: driving devices 7 are respectively arranged on both sides of the upper part of the frame 1, a drying trolley 2 is arranged on the upper part of the driving device 7, a hot gas distribution box 3 is arranged in the middle section of the upper part of the frame 1, hot gas inlets 6 are respectively arranged at the bottom of the hot gas distribution box 3, a plurality of first air holes 4 are arranged at the top of the hot gas distribution box 3, a trolley connector 5 is arranged between adjacent drying trolleys 2, a plurality of second air holes 8 are arranged at the bottom of the drying trolley 2, the diameter of the second air holes 8 at the bottom of the drying trolley 2 is 0.05-1mm, and the porosity is greater than 60%, trolley tracks 11 are respectively arranged on both sides of the frame 1, wheel couplings 12 are respectively arranged on both sides of the drying trolley 2, trolley wheels 10 are arranged on the wheel couplings 12, sealing devices 9 are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom of the drying trolley 2, a gas collecting hood 13 is correspondingly arranged on the upper part of the drying trolley 2, and an exhaust port 14 is arranged on the top of the gas collecting hood 13.

[0020] The drying trolley 2 is made of high thermal conductivity, low expansion coefficient and corrosion-resistant materials, with a thermal conductivity greater than 120W·m-1·K-2 and an expansion coefficient less than 4×10-6K-1. High-quality SiC is preferred, followed by AlN and 316L stainless steel. The drying trolley 2 uses a high-temperature sealing device 9 to ensure that the gas enters the lower part of the drying trolley 2, and enters the drying trolley 2 through the second air vent 8 at the lower part of the drying trolley 2 to contact the material for heat exchange. The moving speed of the drying trolley 2 and the amount of gas entering the hot gas distribution box 3 are mutually controlled through intelligent detection to ensure that the temperature of the material leaving the drying trolley 2 is higher than 95°C. The hot gas distribution box 3 uses a high-temperature sealing device 9 to ensure that the gas enters the lower part of the drying trolley 2. After the hot gas passes through the material, it is collected in the gas collection hood 13.

[0021] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0022] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heating device for utilizing waste heat from anode scrap plates and cathode lead sheets in lead electrolysis, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: Drive devices (7) are respectively arranged on both sides of the upper part of the frame (1), a drying trolley (2) is arranged on the upper part of the drive device (7), a hot gas distribution box (3) is arranged in the middle section of the upper part of the frame (1), hot gas inlets (6) are respectively arranged at the bottom of the hot gas distribution box (3), a plurality of first air holes (4) are arranged at the top of the hot gas distribution box (3), a trolley connector (5) is arranged between adjacent drying trolleys (2), and a plurality of second air holes (8) are arranged at the bottom of the drying trolley (2).

2. A heating device for utilizing waste heat of lead electrolysis anode scrap plates and cathode lead sheets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second air permeable hole (8) at the bottom of the drying trolley (2) has a diameter of 0.05-1 mm and a porosity greater than 60%.

3. The device for heating lead electrolysis anode scraps and cathode lead sheets by utilizing waste heat according to claim 1, characterized in that: Trolley rails (11) are respectively arranged on both sides of the frame (1), wheel couplings (12) are respectively arranged on both sides of the drying trolley (2), trolley wheels (10) are arranged on the wheel couplings (12), sealing devices (9) are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom of the drying trolley (2), a gas collection hood (13) is correspondingly arranged on the upper part of the drying trolley (2), and an exhaust port (14) is arranged on the top of the gas collection hood (13).

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