Experimental device and method for multipoint electromagnetic impact coordinated loading

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-point electromagnetic impact coordinated loading experimental device and method, and the device comprises a plurality of electromagnetic loading guns which are in direct contact with a structural test piece, and the plurality of electromagnetic loading guns are controlled through an electromagnetic loading control system. The electromagnetic loading control system is used for regulating and controlling the magnitude of the load generated by each electromagnetic loading gun, the loading duration of the load and the starting time of the action of the load, and the electromagnetic loading guns convert transient pulse current into mechanical pulse load and transmit the mechanical pulse load to the structural test piece in a direct contact mode to load the structural test piece. According to the invention, multi-point coordinated impact loading is carried out on a large-scale complex structure through a plurality of groups of electromagnetic loading guns, different loading points can be coordinated and controlled to realize crossing of an impact test from'point-in-sum 'to'surface load', and a more complex impact test can be carried out on the large-scale complex structure to simulate a real surface load impact environment; complex impact working conditions can be better simulated, and high efficiency and convenience are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of impact dynamics experimental devices, and in particular relates to an experimental device and method for multi-point electromagnetic impact coordinated loading. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of technology in aerospace, navigation and other fields, complex large structures such as aircraft, spacecraft, submarines, etc. are facing increasingly severe safety and reliability challenges. In order to ensure the safety, durability and efficient working state of these high-performance, large-scale equipment in extreme environments, structural impact experiments have become a necessary research and testing method.

[0003] Traditional impact test methods usually use gas guns, hydraulic impactors or mechanical impact equipment to simulate the effects of external impact. Although these methods can produce relatively significant impact forces and have certain test effects, they also have many problems and limitations.

[0004] Limitation 1: The number of impact points is fixed Spacecraft, ships, cars and other structures will be subjected to surface load impact from the outside or themselves in the actual working environment. Traditional impact tests can usually only load at a few fixed impact points. The number of impact points is limited and the impact position cannot be flexibly adjusted. At the same time, the number of impact points will also limit the size of the load generated. When impact testing large and complex structures such as spacecraft. This limitation means that only some areas of the structure can be impacted, which is still a "point load" rather than a "surface load". The load size is also insufficient, and it is impossible to achieve multi-point impact loading to effectively restore the surface load impact of large and complex structures in the actual working environment, and it is also impossible to fully evaluate the structural response of the structure in a complex impact environment.

[0005] Limitation 2: Timing is uncontrollable From the above description, it can be seen that the impact test of large structures requires coordinated loading at multiple loading points to restore the actual impact load. Traditional impact tests are limited by the mechanical characteristics of the equipment and have poor time control accuracy. They cannot achieve the regulation of parameters such as the impact loading sequence and impact time. In other words, the timing is completely uncontrollable. Even if the number of impact points is increased, the time sequence and loading duration of the loads at different impact points cannot be controlled, resulting in differences between the experimental results and the impact loads in the actual working environment.

[0006] Limitation 3: Poor repeatability Due to the structural and principle limitations of traditional impact equipment, it is often difficult to accurately control the load amplitude, pulse width and other parameters of each impact, and thus it is difficult to ensure the repeatability and consistency of each loading. In particular, the amplitude and pulse width of the impact load cannot be repeated and accurately controlled, which directly affects the accuracy and reliability of the experimental results.

[0007] Limitation 4: Experimental complexity and high cost Traditional impact loading systems often require a large amount of hardware equipment and complex experimental environment support, such as air pressure source, hydraulic source, pressure regulating device, etc., which not only increases the experimental cost, but also increases the complexity of the test operation.

[0008] From the above analysis, it can be seen that traditional impact tests have many limitations in impact tests on large and complex structures.

[0009] Based on this, an experimental device and method for multi-point electromagnetic shock coordinated loading are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an experimental device and method for multi-point electromagnetic impact coordinated loading in view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0011] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: In a first aspect, an experimental device for multi-point electromagnetic impact coordinated loading includes a plurality of electromagnetic loading guns in direct contact with a structural test piece, wherein the plurality of electromagnetic loading guns are controlled by an electromagnetic loading control system, and the electromagnetic loading control system is used to regulate the load size, load loading duration and load action start time of each electromagnetic loading gun. The electromagnetic loading gun converts transient pulse current into mechanical pulse load, and transmits it to the structural test piece by direct contact, thereby loading the structural test piece.

[0012] As for the electromagnetic loading control system's regulation method for the load generated by the electromagnetic loading gun, specifically, the load size generated by different electromagnetic loading guns can be regulated by setting the charging voltage size corresponding to the different electromagnetic loading guns, the load size and load loading duration can be regulated by adjusting the size of the capacitor group corresponding to the different electromagnetic loading guns, and the start time of the load generation can be regulated by adjusting the delay signal generated by the delay signal generator of different electromagnetic loading guns.

[0013] As a further illustration of the present invention, the number of the electromagnetic loading guns is 1-100, and the position of each electromagnetic loading gun is not fixed. The position of the electromagnetic loading gun (2) can be adjusted according to the configuration of the structural test piece (1) and actual needs, and the electromagnetic loading gun (2) can be directly contacted with the structural test piece (1) to load it.

[0014] As a further explanation of the present invention, the electromagnetic loading control system is based on the RLC circuit principle, utilizes a low-inductance capacitor to store energy, transmits the electromagnetic pulse generated when the capacitor is discharged to the electromagnetic loading gun, and provides an ultra-transient pulse current for the electromagnetic loading gun to generate a load pulse that is transmitted to the structural test piece to load the structural test piece.

[0015] As a further illustration of the present invention, the electromagnetic loading gun is composed of a primary coil, a secondary coil, an amplifier and a buffer seat.

[0016] As a further explanation of the present invention, the electromagnetic loading system also includes a capacitor group individually equipped for each electromagnetic loading gun. According to the basic principle of RLC circuit, the size of the capacitor group corresponding to each electromagnetic loading gun and the charging voltage of the capacitor group when working can be individually adjusted to control the size and load duration of the load generated by different electromagnetic loading guns.

[0017] As a further illustration of the present invention, the electromagnetic loading control system further includes a delay signal generator. By equipping each electromagnetic loading gun with a delay signal generator, the time difference in the discharge of the capacitor groups of different electromagnetic loading guns can be controlled, thereby controlling the start time of the load generation of different electromagnetic loading guns.

[0018] In a second aspect, a method for an experimental device of multi-point electromagnetic shock coordinated loading comprises the following steps: First, the position of the structural test piece is adjusted and fixed using a sample support frame, and the position of the electromagnetic loading gun (2) is adjusted according to the configuration of the structural test piece (1) and actual needs, and is directly contacted with the structural test piece (1). At the same time, the charging voltage size, capacitor group size and delay signal of the delay signal generator corresponding to different electromagnetic loading guns are set according to actual loading needs, so as to control the size of the load generated by different loading guns, the load duration and the load start time.

[0019] During electromagnetic loading, the charging circuit of the electromagnetic loading control system charges the capacitor bank and stores energy. When the charging voltage reaches the set charging voltage, the charging switch is disconnected. During discharge, the discharge circuit of the electromagnetic loading control system works, and the trigger circuit triggers the thyristor to make the capacitor bank discharge the primary coil instantly, generating a strong pulse current in the primary coil, and forming an instantaneous pulse magnetic field around the primary coil. The secondary coil and the primary coil are in close contact to generate eddy currents through electromagnetic induction. The pulse magnetic fields generated by the secondary coil and the primary coil are in opposite directions, thereby generating electromagnetic field force. The electromagnetic field force forms a stress pulse with a duration of microseconds and high amplitude at the input end of the secondary coil. The stress pulse propagates and amplifies in the secondary coil and the amplifier in the form of elastic waves, and transmits the pulse load to the structural test piece through direct contact for single-point loading. Multiple electromagnetic loading guns can complete multi-point loading experiments on structural test pieces.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: The present invention uses multiple groups of electromagnetic loading guns to perform multi-point coordinated impact loading on large and complex structures. Compared with traditional impact loading experiments, the impact point position can be matched and adjusted according to the test piece configuration and actual needs. Coordinated loading is performed on multiple impact points on large and complex structures. This is not just an increase in the number of impact points, but a technical leap from "point load" to "surface load" in impact testing. By accurately controlling the load size, load loading duration, and load action start time of each electromagnetic loading gun, the timing, position, intensity, and loading duration of each impact point can be controlled, and more complex impact experiments can be performed on the structure to simulate the actual impact environment. It can provide more comprehensive and accurate results in the impact test of large structures, and can better simulate complex impact conditions, which is efficient and convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of the electromagnetic loading gun of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a position identification diagram of a structural test piece and an electromagnetic loading gun on the structural test piece in an experimental example of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a simulation diagram of the acceleration response generated by a group of electromagnetic loading guns in the experimental example of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a simulation diagram of the acceleration response generated by three groups of electromagnetic loading guns in the experimental example of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a simulation diagram of the acceleration response generated by 8 groups of electromagnetic loading guns in the experimental example of the present invention; Figure 7It is a simulation diagram of the acceleration response generated by 10 groups of electromagnetic loading guns in the experimental example of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a simulation diagram of the acceleration response generated by 15 groups of electromagnetic loading guns in the experimental example of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a simulation diagram of the acceleration response generated by 20 groups of electromagnetic loading guns in the experimental example of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a simulation diagram of the acceleration response generated by 30 groups of electromagnetic loading guns in the experimental example of the present invention; Fig.11 It is a simulation diagram of the acceleration response generated by 40 groups of electromagnetic loading guns in the experimental example of the present invention; Fig.12 It is a simulation diagram of the acceleration response generated by 50 groups of electromagnetic loading guns in the experimental example of the present invention; Fig.13 It is a simulation diagram of the acceleration response generated by 60 sets of electromagnetic loading guns in the experimental example of the present invention; Fig.14 It is a simulation diagram of the acceleration response generated by 70 sets of electromagnetic loading guns in the experimental example of the present invention; Fig.15 It is a simulation diagram of the acceleration response generated by 80 sets of electromagnetic loading guns in the experimental example of the present invention; Fig.16 It is a simulation diagram of the acceleration response generated by 90 sets of electromagnetic loading guns in the experimental example of the present invention; Fig.17 It is a simulation diagram of the acceleration response generated by 100 sets of electromagnetic loading guns in the experimental example of the present invention; Description of reference numerals: 1-Structural test piece; 2-Electromagnetic loading gun. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: an experimental device for multi-point electromagnetic impact coordinated loading, including a plurality of electromagnetic loading guns 2 arranged in direct contact with a structural test piece 1, wherein the plurality of electromagnetic loading guns 2 are controlled by an electromagnetic loading control system, and the electromagnetic loading control system is used to regulate the load size, load loading duration and load action start time of each electromagnetic loading gun 2; the electromagnetic loading gun 2 converts transient pulse current into mechanical pulse load, and transmits it to the structural test piece 1 by direct contact, so as to load the structural test piece 1.

[0024] The number of the electromagnetic loading guns 2 is 1-100. Multiple impact points can be set on a large and complex structural test piece 1 according to the test piece configuration and actual needs, and coordinated loading can be performed on multiple impact points on the structural test piece 1 instead of the traditional single-point impact test, thereby achieving a technological leap from "point load" to "surface load" and more realistically simulating the complex loads that the structure is subjected to during operation.

[0025] According to experimental requirements, the load size, load loading duration and load action start time of each electromagnetic loading gun 2 can be regulated by the electromagnetic loading control system to evaluate the response of the structure under various working conditions.

[0026] As for the electromagnetic loading control system's regulation method for the load generated by the electromagnetic loading gun, specifically, the load size generated by different electromagnetic loading guns can be regulated by setting the charging voltage size corresponding to the different electromagnetic loading guns, the load size generated by different electromagnetic loading guns and the load loading duration can be regulated by adjusting the size of the capacitor group corresponding to the different electromagnetic loading guns, and the start time of the load generation can be regulated by adjusting the delay signal generator of different electromagnetic loading guns to generate a delay signal.

[0027] The electromagnetic loading control system is based on the RLC circuit principle, utilizes low inductance capacitors to store energy, transmits the electromagnetic pulse generated when the capacitor is discharged to the electromagnetic loading gun 2, and provides an ultra-transient pulse current for the electromagnetic loading gun 2 to generate a load pulse to be transmitted to the structural test piece 1 to load the structural test piece 1.

[0028] The electromagnetic loading gun 2 is composed of a primary coil, a secondary coil, an amplifier and a buffer seat. The primary coil, the secondary coil and the amplifier are installed on the buffer seat in sequence. During electromagnetic loading, the charging circuit of the electromagnetic loading control system charges the capacitor bank to store energy. When the charging voltage reaches the set charging voltage, the charging switch is disconnected. During discharge, the discharge circuit of the electromagnetic loading control system works, and the trigger circuit triggers the thyristor to make the capacitor bank discharge the primary coil instantly, generating a strong pulse current in the primary coil, and forming an instantaneous pulse magnetic field around the primary coil. The secondary coil is in close contact with the primary coil to generate eddy currents through electromagnetic induction. The pulse magnetic fields generated by the secondary coil and the primary coil are in opposite directions, thereby generating electromagnetic field force. The electromagnetic field force forms a stress pulse with a high amplitude and a duration of microseconds at the input end of the secondary coil. The stress pulse propagates and amplifies in the secondary coil and the amplifier in the form of elastic waves, and transmits the pulse load to the structural test piece 1 through direct contact for single-point loading. Multiple electromagnetic loading guns can complete multi-point loading experiments on structural test pieces.

[0029] The electromagnetic loading control system also includes a delay signal generator. By equipping each electromagnetic loading gun with a delay signal generator, the time difference of the capacitor group of the thyristor triggered by the trigger circuit in the branch of different electromagnetic loading guns 2 can be controlled to discharge, thereby controlling the start time of the load generation of different electromagnetic loading guns 2.

[0030] The above-mentioned method of the experimental device for multi-point electromagnetic shock coordinated loading includes the following steps: First, the position of the structural test piece is adjusted and fixed using the sample support frame. Then, the position of each electromagnetic loading gun is adjusted according to the configuration of the structural test piece and actual needs, and the position is directly contacted with the structural test piece. At the same time, the charging voltage size, capacitor group size and delay signal of the delay signal generator corresponding to different electromagnetic loading guns are set according to actual loading needs, so as to control the size of the load generated by different loading guns, load duration and load start time.

[0031] During electromagnetic loading, the charging circuit of the electromagnetic loading control system charges the capacitor bank and stores energy. When the charging voltage reaches the set charging voltage, the charging switch is disconnected. During discharge, the discharge circuit of the electromagnetic loading control system works, and the trigger circuit triggers the thyristor to make the capacitor bank discharge the primary coil instantly, generating a strong pulse current in the primary coil, and at the same time forming an instantaneous pulse magnetic field around the primary coil. The secondary coil and the primary coil are in close contact to generate eddy currents through electromagnetic induction. The pulse magnetic fields generated by the secondary coil and the primary coil are in opposite directions, thereby generating electromagnetic field force. The electromagnetic field force forms a stress pulse with a duration of microseconds and high amplitude at the input end of the secondary coil. The stress pulse propagates and amplifies in the secondary coil and the amplifier in the form of elastic waves, and transmits the pulse load to the structural test piece 1 through direct contact for single-point loading. Multiple electromagnetic loading guns can complete multi-point loading experiments on structural test pieces.

[0032] Experimental case, Figure 3 The structural test pieces in the figure are experimental specimens. Figure 3 The position marked by the middle rectangle is the placement position of the electromagnetic loading gun. Through the simulation calculation of COMSOL finite element software, different numbers of loading guns are set to perform impact loading on it to observe the acceleration response generated.

[0033] The geometric parameters of the simulation model of the electromagnetic loading gun structure are shown in the figure below. The main parameters of the circuit are set as a charging power supply of 4000V and a capacitor bank size of 4mf. The specific results are as follows Figure 4-17 as stated; Among them, the positions of the loading guns in the simulation are all on the same surface and the positions are randomly distributed. The simulation results are summarized in the following table: ; Based on the above simulation results, it can be seen that increasing the electromagnetic loading gun 2 can significantly improve the acceleration response amplitude of large structures. The load generated by this method is a surface load, which is more in line with its actual working environment. The circuit parameters can be changed later to control the size of the load generated by the electromagnetic loading gun and the impact loading time.

[0034] At the same time, the start time of load generation by different loading guns can be independently controlled by adjusting the delay signal generated by the delay signal generator, the position of the loading gun can be adjusted to change the position of the impact point, the load size generated by different electromagnetic loading guns can be controlled by setting the charging voltage corresponding to the different electromagnetic loading guns, and the load size and load loading duration can be controlled by adjusting the size of the capacitor group corresponding to the different electromagnetic loading guns, which has good controllability.

[0035] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0036] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An experimental device for multi-point electromagnetic shock coordinated loading, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of electromagnetic loading guns (2) in direct contact with a structural test piece (1); the plurality of electromagnetic loading guns (2) are controlled by an electromagnetic loading control system, and the electromagnetic loading control system is used to regulate the load size, load loading duration and load action start time generated by each electromagnetic loading gun (2); the electromagnetic loading gun (2) can convert a transient pulse current into a mechanical pulse load, and transmit the load to the structural test piece (1) by direct contact with the structural test piece (1), thereby loading the structural test piece (1).

2. The experimental device for multi-point electromagnetic shock coordinated loading according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The number of the electromagnetic loading guns (2) is 1-100.

3. The experimental device for multi-point electromagnetic shock coordinated loading according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The electromagnetic loading gun (2) is composed of a primary coil, a secondary coil and an amplifier.

4. The experimental device for multi-point electromagnetic shock coordinated loading according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The electromagnetic loading control system comprises a capacitor group individually equipped for each electromagnetic loading gun (2). According to the basic principle of RLC circuit, the size of the capacitor group corresponding to each electromagnetic loading gun (2) and the charging voltage of the capacitor group when working can be individually adjusted to control the size and duration of the load generated by different electromagnetic loading guns (2).

5. The experimental device for multi-point electromagnetic shock coordinated loading according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Based on the RLC circuit principle, the electromagnetic pulse generated when the capacitor is discharged is transmitted to the electromagnetic loading gun (2), providing an ultra-transient pulse current for the electromagnetic loading gun (2) to generate a load pulse that is transmitted to the structural test piece (1) to load the structural test piece (1).

6. The experimental device for multi-point electromagnetic shock coordinated loading according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The electromagnetic loading control system comprises a delay signal generator. By individually equipping each electromagnetic loading gun (2) with a delay signal generator, the discharge time of the capacitor groups of different electromagnetic loading guns (2) can be controlled, thereby regulating the start time of the load generation of different electromagnetic loading guns (2).

7. A method for a multi-point electromagnetic shock coordinated loading experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: First, the position of the structural test piece (1) is adjusted and fixed by using a sample support frame, and the position of the electromagnetic loading gun (2) is adjusted according to the configuration of the structural test piece (1) and actual needs, and the electromagnetic loading gun (2) is directly contacted with the structural test piece (1). The charging voltage size, capacitor group size and delay signal of the delay signal generator corresponding to different electromagnetic loading guns (2) are set according to actual loading needs, so as to control the size, load duration and load start time of the load generated by different electromagnetic loading guns (2); During the impact loading process, the capacitor group of each electromagnetic loading gun (2) is first charged. At this time, electrical energy is converted into electric field energy to store energy. When the charging voltage reaches the set voltage, the charging is completed. During discharge, the trigger circuit triggers the thyristor to make the capacitor group discharge the primary coil instantly, generating a strong pulse current in the primary coil and forming an instantaneous pulse magnetic field around the primary coil. The secondary coil and the primary coil are in close contact to generate eddy currents through electromagnetic induction. The pulse magnetic fields generated by the secondary coil and the primary coil are in opposite directions, thereby generating electromagnetic field force. The electromagnetic field force forms a stress pulse lasting microseconds at the input end of the secondary coil. The stress pulse propagates and is amplified in the secondary coil and the amplifier in the form of elastic waves, and is transmitted to the structural test piece (1) through direct contact with the structural test piece (1) for single-point loading. Multiple electromagnetic loading guns (2) can complete multi-point loading experiments on the structural test piece (1).

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