Mechanical behavior test device based on transient thermal load

Abstract

This application provides a mechanical behavior testing device based on transient thermal load, comprising: a loading system, a second test piece, a low-temperature low-pressure circuit, a high-temperature high-pressure circuit, and a first test piece. The second test piece is mounted on the loading system and has an electric heating wire wound around it. The second test piece is connected to the low-temperature low-pressure circuit. The loading system applies an axial stress load to the second test piece, the electric heating wire applies a high-temperature load to the second test piece, and the low-temperature low-pressure circuit applies a low-temperature load to the second test piece, thereby simulating the mechanical behavior of the second test piece under simultaneous axial stress and transient thermal load conditions. The first test piece is connected to both the high-temperature high-pressure circuit and the low-temperature low-pressure circuit. This device can simulate the transient thermal load borne by the test object using two sets of high and low temperature circuits, providing theoretical and technical support for structural integrity evaluation, safety evaluation, and accident mitigation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of mechanical behavior testing technology for reactor pressure vessels, specifically relating to a mechanical behavior testing device based on transient thermal load. Background Technology

[0002] The primary coolant loop of a nuclear power plant is its most critical component, and its structural safety determines the plant's overall safety. During reactor operation, critical structural equipment is inevitably subjected to thermal stress caused by transient thermal loads, posing a potential threat to its long-term operational safety. For example, a loss-of-coolant accident or the safe injection of water into the pressure vessel during a nuclear power plant operation will generate a significant transient cooling condition. The thermal loads under these transient conditions may cause substantial deformation or even localized cracking of critical structural equipment in the primary coolant loop, seriously threatening its safe operation and posing a risk of radioactive material leakage. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by this application is to provide a mechanical behavior test device based on transient thermal load, which can use two sets of high and low temperature circuits to simulate the transient thermal load borne by the test body, and provide theoretical and technical support for structural integrity evaluation, safety evaluation and accident mitigation.

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a mechanical behavior testing device based on transient thermal load, comprising:

[0005] A loading system and a second test specimen, the second test specimen being mounted on the loading system and having an electric heating wire wound around it;

[0006] A low-temperature, low-pressure circuit is provided, and the second test piece is connected to the low-temperature, low-pressure circuit.

[0007] The loading system applies axial stress load to the second test piece, the electric heating wire applies high temperature load to the second test piece, and the low temperature and low pressure circuit applies low temperature load to the second test piece, so as to simulate the mechanical behavior of the second test piece under the conditions of simultaneous application of axial stress and transient thermal load.

[0008] Optionally, the loading system includes a support frame on which a second test specimen is mounted. A driving member is provided at the top of the support frame. The pressure end of the driving member passes through the top of the support frame and is connected to a loading member located inside the support frame. The driving member drives the loading member to move in order to apply an axial stress load to the second test specimen.

[0009] Optionally, the support frame includes a support column, and a slider is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the loading member. The slider is connected to the support column and slides relative to the support column.

[0010] Optionally, a first pressure measuring component is provided between the pressure-applying end of the driving component and the loading component.

[0011] Optionally, the low-temperature, low-pressure circuit includes a high-pressure chilled water tank, which is connected to the low-temperature medium inlet of the second test piece to apply a low-temperature load to the second test piece.

[0012] Optionally, the low-temperature and low-pressure circuit further includes a heat exchanger, a centrifugal pump, and an atmospheric pressure water tank. The outlet of the atmospheric pressure water tank is connected to the heat exchanger through the centrifugal pump, and the outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the high-pressure cold water tank. The atmospheric pressure water tank is used to replenish water to the high-pressure cold water tank.

[0013] Optionally, the test apparatus further includes a high-temperature and high-pressure circuit and a first test piece. The first test piece is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure circuit and the low-temperature and low-pressure circuit, respectively. The high-temperature and high-pressure circuit is used to introduce a high-temperature liquid medium into the first test piece to apply a high-temperature load, and the low-temperature and low-pressure circuit is used to introduce a low-temperature liquid medium into the first test piece to apply a low-temperature load, so as to form a transient thermal load in the first test piece, so as to simulate the mechanical behavior of the first test piece under the condition of applying a transient thermal load.

[0014] Optionally, the high-temperature and high-pressure circuit includes a heating regulator and a shielded pump. The first test piece includes a high-temperature and high-pressure medium inlet and a high-temperature and high-pressure medium outlet. The outlet of the heating regulator is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure medium inlet of the first test piece through the shielded pump, and the high-temperature and high-pressure medium outlet of the first test piece is connected to the inlet of the heating regulator.

[0015] The first test piece further includes a low-temperature and low-pressure medium inlet and a low-temperature and low-pressure medium outlet. The high-pressure cold water tank and the heat exchanger are both connected to the low-temperature and low-pressure medium inlet of the first test piece, and the low-temperature and low-pressure medium outlet of the first test piece is connected to the atmospheric pressure water tank.

[0016] Optionally, the low-temperature and low-pressure circuit further includes a regulating pipeline, one end of which is connected to the atmospheric pressure water tank, and the other end of which is connected to the heat exchanger.

[0017] Optionally, the test apparatus further includes a gas source and a water source, wherein the gas source is connected to the heating and pressure stabilizing unit and the high-pressure cold water tank respectively, and the water source is connected to the heating and pressure stabilizing unit and the atmospheric pressure water tank respectively.

[0018] Beneficial effects

[0019] This application provides a mechanical behavior testing device based on transient thermal load. High-temperature and high-pressure loads are applied to the first test piece through a high-temperature and high-pressure circuit, and low-temperature and low-pressure loads are applied to the first test piece through a low-temperature and low-pressure circuit. Transient cooling conditions are provided to form transient thermal loads, and the mechanical behavior of the first test piece under transient thermal loads is obtained. This provides theoretical and technical support for the integrity evaluation, safety evaluation, and accident mitigation of the first test piece.

[0020] This application provides a mechanical behavior testing device based on transient thermal load. The device heats the second test piece by an electric heating wire to apply a high-temperature load, provides an axial stress load to the second test piece by a loading system, and applies a low-temperature and low-pressure load to the second test piece by a low-temperature and low-pressure circuit. This provides a transient cooling condition to form a transient thermal load, and obtains the mechanical behavior of the second test piece under the transient thermal load. This provides theoretical and technical support for the integrity evaluation, safety evaluation, and accident mitigation of the second test piece. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanical behavior testing device based on transient thermal load according to an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the heating voltage regulator structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the high-pressure cold water tank structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first test specimen according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the loading system structure according to an embodiment of this application.

[0026] The reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows:

[0027] 1-Loading system; 101-Driver; 102-Top plate; 103-Loading system pressure measurement component; 104-Slider; 105-Loading component; 106-Base plate; 107-Support column;

[0028] 2-Heating and pressure regulating unit; 201-Heating and pressure regulating unit inlet; 202-Heating and pressure regulating unit outlet; 203-Electric heating element; 204-Heating and pressure regulating unit air inlet; 205-Pressure regulating unit pressure measuring component; 206-Pressure regulating unit liquid level measuring component; 207-Pressure regulating unit temperature measuring component;

[0029] 3-Shielded pump,

[0030] 4-Second test specimen;

[0031] 5 - First test piece; 501 - High temperature medium inlet; 502 - High temperature medium outlet; 503 - Low temperature medium inlet; 504 - Low temperature medium outlet; 505 - Temperature measuring component of the first test piece;

[0032] 6-High-pressure cold water tank; 601-High-pressure cold water tank inlet; 602-High-pressure cold water tank outlet; 603-High-pressure cold water tank pressure measuring component; 604-High-pressure cold water tank gas inlet;

[0033] 7-Atmospheric pressure water tank;

[0034] 8-Centrifugal pump;

[0035] 9-Heat exchanger;

[0036] 10-Gas source;

[0037] 11-Water source;

[0038] 1201 - First valve; 1202 - Second valve; 1203 - Third valve; 1204 - Fourth valve; 1205 - Fifth valve; 1206 - Sixth valve; 1207 - Seventh valve; 1208 - Eighth valve; 1209 - Ninth valve; 1210 - Tenth valve. Detailed Implementation

[0039] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0040] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0041] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0043] See also Figures 1 to 5 As shown, according to an embodiment of this application, a mechanical behavior testing device based on transient thermal load is provided, including a loading system 1, a low-temperature and low-pressure circuit, and a second test piece 4. The second test piece 4 is mounted on the loading system 1; an electric heating wire is wound axially around the outer peripheral surface of the second test piece 4; and the second test piece 4 is connected to the low-temperature and low-pressure circuit.

[0044] Loading system 1 applies axial stress load to second test piece 4, electric heating wire applies high temperature load to second test piece 4, and low pressure low temperature circuit applies low temperature load to second test piece 4, so as to simulate the mechanical behavior of second test piece 4 under the condition of applying axial stress and transient thermal load simultaneously.

[0045] The second test piece 4 is heated by an electric heating wire to apply a high-temperature load. The second test piece 4 is provided with an axial stress load by the loading system 1. The second test piece 4 is provided with a low-temperature and low-pressure load by a low-temperature and low-pressure circuit to provide a transient cooling condition to form a transient thermal load. The mechanical behavior of the second test piece 4 under the transient thermal load is obtained, which provides theoretical and technical support for the integrity evaluation, safety evaluation and accident mitigation of the second test piece 4.

[0046] The second test piece 4 includes a medium inlet, and a low-temperature, low-pressure circuit is connected to the medium inlet of the second test piece 4 to provide a rapid cooling condition.

[0047] Specifically, the second test piece 4 is a tubular atmospheric pressure test piece. Furthermore, the second test piece 4 is equipped with a second test piece temperature measuring component and a second test piece strain measuring component. The temperature and pressure of the second test piece 4 during the experiment are measured by the second test piece temperature measuring component and the second test piece strain measuring component.

[0048] Specifically, the low-temperature, low-pressure circuit is designed for a temperature of 355℃ and a pressure of 17MPa.

[0049] The loading system 1 includes a support frame on which a second test specimen 4 is mounted. A drive member 101 is provided at the top of the support frame. The pressure end of the drive member 101 passes through the top of the support frame and is connected to a loading member 105 located inside the support frame. The drive member 101 drives the loading member 105 to move so as to apply an axial stress load to the second test specimen 4.

[0050] The driving component 101 is controlled by a hydraulic system, which extends or retracts the piston rod of the driving component 101. That is, by controlling the extension of the piston rod of the driving component 101 through the hydraulic system, the loading component 105 moves toward the atmospheric pressure test specimen 11, applying axial stress load to the atmospheric pressure test specimen 11; by controlling the retraction of the piston rod of the driving component 101 through the hydraulic system, the loading component 105 moves away from the atmospheric pressure test specimen 11, separating from the atmospheric pressure test specimen 11. The loading system 1 in this application has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, and stable loading.

[0051] In this embodiment, the test pressure piece 101 is a hydraulic cylinder, and hydraulic oil is introduced into the cylinder through the hydraulic system to achieve the loading of axial stress.

[0052] Among them, the loading component 105 is a loading disk. In order to reduce the weight of the loading component 105, there are hollowed-out holes at equal intervals along the circumference on the loading disk.

[0053] The support frame includes a support column 107, and a slider 104 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the loading member 105. The slider 104 is connected to the support column 107 and slides relative to the support column 107.

[0054] Specifically, by setting a slider 104 on the loading member 105 to cooperate with the support column 107, the rotational freedom of the loading member 105 is restricted, so that during the loading process, the loading member 105 can only move in the axial direction under the drive of the driving member 101.

[0055] Specifically, there are four sliders 104 arranged circumferentially along the loading member 105.

[0056] The support frame includes a top plate 102 and a bottom plate 106. Through holes are provided at the corners of both the top plate 102 and the bottom plate 106. The two ends of the support column 107 pass through the through holes in the top plate 102 and the bottom plate 106 respectively, and are then fixed with bolts. The support frame supports the drive component 101, the loading component 105, and the second test specimen 4.

[0057] Specifically, there are 4 support columns 107, the same as the number of sliders 104, to ensure that the force on each point of the loading component 105 is uniform during the loading process.

[0058] Specifically, in order to achieve lightweight support frame, the top plate 102 and the bottom plate 106 are provided with hollowed-out sections.

[0059] A loading system pressure measuring component 103 is provided between the pressure-applying end of the driving component 101 and the loading component 105 to measure the magnitude of the axial stress applied to the driving component 101.

[0060] Among them, the pressure measurement component 101 of the loading system is a force sensor.

[0061] The low-temperature, low-pressure circuit includes a high-pressure chilled water tank 6, which is connected to the medium inlet of the second test specimen 4 to apply a low-temperature load to the second test specimen 4. The high-pressure chilled water tank 6 is used to provide a rapid cooling condition for the second test specimen 4.

[0062] The high-pressure cold water tank 6 includes a high-pressure cold water tank outlet 602, and the low-temperature low-pressure circuit includes a low-temperature low-pressure main pipe. The high-pressure cold water tank outlet 602 of the high-pressure cold water tank 6 is connected to the medium inlet of the second test piece 4 through the low-temperature low-pressure main pipe.

[0063] Specifically, a tenth valve 1210 is installed on the low-temperature and low-pressure main pipe. The flow rate of the fluid flowing from the high-pressure cold water tank 6 into the second test piece 4 is controlled by adjusting the opening of the tenth valve 1210.

[0064] Specifically, the high-pressure cold water tank 6 is a vertical storage tank. The high-pressure cold water tank 6 includes a high-pressure cold water tank inlet 601, through which water is replenished to the high-pressure cold water tank 6, and through the drain outlet to discharge the medium inside the high-pressure cold water tank 6.

[0065] Specifically, the high-pressure cold water tank 6 also includes a high-pressure cold water tank safety valve interface, which is used to install a high-pressure cold water tank exhaust valve. The exhaust valve is used to release air and thereby regulate the internal pressure of the high-pressure cold water tank 6.

[0066] Specifically, the high-pressure cold water tank 6 also includes a high-pressure cold water tank pressure measuring component 603 and a high-pressure cold water tank level measuring component. The high-pressure cold water tank pressure measuring component 603 is used to monitor the internal pressure of the high-pressure cold water tank 6. If the pressure is higher than the allowable pressure value, the high-pressure cold water tank vent valve is opened to release the gas. The high-pressure cold water tank level measuring component is used to monitor the liquid level of the liquid medium inside the high-pressure cold water tank 6.

[0067] The low-temperature and low-pressure circuit also includes a heat exchanger 9, a centrifugal pump 8, and an atmospheric pressure water tank 7. The outlet of the atmospheric pressure water tank 7 is connected to the heat exchanger 9 through the centrifugal pump 8, and the outlet of the heat exchanger 9 is connected to the high-pressure cold water tank 6. The atmospheric pressure water tank 7 is used to replenish the medium to the high-pressure cold water tank 6.

[0068] Among them, a ninth valve 1209 is installed on the connecting pipeline between the heat exchanger 9 and the high-pressure cold water tank 6. Opening the ninth valve 1209 can replenish the medium to the high-pressure cold water tank 6 through the atmospheric pressure water tank 7, and can also allow the low-temperature medium in the high-pressure cold water tank 6 to be introduced into the first test piece 5.

[0069] Specifically, atmospheric pressure water tank 7 is a horizontal storage tank.

[0070] Specifically, the atmospheric pressure water tank 7 includes a water tank outlet, which is connected to the inlet of the centrifugal pump 8.

[0071] The test apparatus also includes a high-temperature and high-pressure circuit and a first test piece 5. The first test piece 5 is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure circuit and the low-temperature and low-pressure circuit, respectively. The high-temperature and high-pressure circuit is used to introduce a high-temperature liquid medium into the first test piece 5 to apply a high-temperature load, and the low-temperature and low-pressure circuit is used to introduce a low-temperature liquid medium into the first test piece 5 to apply a low-temperature load, so as to form a transient thermal load in the first test piece 5, so as to simulate the mechanical behavior of the first test body 5 under the condition of applying a transient thermal load.

[0072] High-temperature and high-pressure loads are applied to the first test piece 5 through a high-temperature and high-pressure circuit, and low-temperature and low-pressure loads are applied to the first test piece 5 through a low-temperature and low-pressure circuit. Transient cooling conditions are provided to form transient thermal loads, and the mechanical behavior of the first test piece 5 under transient thermal loads is obtained. This provides theoretical and technical support for the integrity evaluation, safety evaluation, and accident mitigation of the first test piece 5.

[0073] Among them, the first test piece 5 is a pressure test piece, and the mechanical behavior simulation of the first test piece 5 and the second test piece 4 under transient thermal load conditions is not performed simultaneously.

[0074] The high-temperature and high-pressure circuit is designed for a temperature of 355℃ and a pressure of 17MPa.

[0075] The high-temperature and high-pressure circuit includes a heating regulator 2 and a shielded pump 3. The first test piece 5 includes a high-temperature and high-pressure medium inlet 501 and a high-temperature and high-pressure medium outlet 502. The outlet of the heating regulator 2 is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure medium inlet 501 of the first test piece 5 through the shielded pump 3, and the high-temperature and high-pressure medium outlet 502 of the first test piece 5 is connected to the inlet of the heating regulator 2. The high-temperature liquid medium is introduced into the first test piece 5 by the driving force provided by the shielded pump 3, and a circulation is formed in the first test piece 5 to apply a high-temperature and high-pressure load to the first test piece 5.

[0076] The first test piece 5 also includes a low-temperature, low-pressure medium inlet 503 and a low-temperature, low-pressure medium outlet 504. The high-pressure chilled water tank 6 and the heat exchanger 9 are both connected to the low-temperature, low-pressure medium inlet 503 of the first test piece 5, and the low-temperature, low-pressure medium outlet 504 of the first test piece 5 is connected to the atmospheric pressure water tank 7. A low-temperature liquid medium is introduced into the first test piece 5 through the high-pressure chilled water tank 6 to provide a rapid cooling condition, thereby forming a transient heat load condition. When the low-temperature medium in the high-pressure chilled water tank 6 drops below the test set value, a low-temperature circulation loop is formed by the atmospheric pressure water tank 7, the centrifugal pump 3, the heat exchanger 9, and the first test piece 5 to continue cooling the first test piece 5, forming a transient heat load.

[0077] A sixth valve 1206 is installed on the connecting pipe between the heat exchanger 9 and the first test piece 5; a fifth valve 1205 is installed on the connecting pipe between the atmospheric pressure water tank 7 and the first test piece 5, and the flow rate of the low-temperature medium entering the first test piece 5 from the high-pressure cold water tank 6 can be controlled by adjusting the opening of the fifth valve 1205; a second valve 1202 is installed on the connecting pipe between the heating pressure stabilizer 2 and the first test piece 5.

[0078] Specifically, the mechanical behavior simulation of the first test piece 5 and the second test piece 4 under transient thermal load conditions is not performed simultaneously. That is, when the mechanical behavior simulation of the first test piece 5 under transient thermal load conditions is performed, the tenth valve 1210 on the low temperature and low pressure main pipe is always closed; when the mechanical behavior simulation of the second test piece 4 under transient thermal load conditions is performed, the fifth valve 1205 and the sixth valve 1206 are always closed.

[0079] The first test piece 5 also includes a first test piece temperature measuring component 505, a first test piece pressure measuring component, and a first test piece side liquid level component, all of which are mounted on the tank body of the first test piece 5. The temperature and pressure of the first test piece 5 are measured by the first test piece temperature measuring component 505 and the first test piece pressure measuring component to monitor the temperature and pressure changes of the first test piece 5 in real time during the test. The first test piece side liquid level component is used to measure the liquid level height of the liquid medium introduced into the first test piece 5.

[0080] The atmospheric pressure water tank 7 includes a first return water inlet, which is connected to the first test piece 5 to form a low-temperature, low-pressure circulation loop in conjunction with the centrifugal pump 8 and the heat exchanger 9.

[0081] The atmospheric pressure water tank 7 also includes an atmospheric pressure water tank level measuring component, which measures the liquid level height of the liquid medium inside the atmospheric pressure water tank 7.

[0082] Among them, the heating and pressure regulator 2 includes a heating and pressure regulator outlet 202, which is connected to the inlet of the shielded pump 3. The high temperature and high pressure medium outlet 502 of the first test piece 5 is connected to the heating and pressure regulator return port of the heating and pressure regulator 2.

[0083] Specifically, the heating regulator 2 also includes an electric heating element 203, the heating end of which extends into the inner cavity of the heating regulator 2 for heating the liquid in the inner cavity of the heating regulator 2.

[0084] Specifically, the heating regulator 2 also includes a heating regulator safety valve interface for installing a heating regulator exhaust valve, which is used to regulate the internal pressure of the heating regulator 2 by opening the heating regulator exhaust valve.

[0085] Specifically, the heating regulator 2 has a maximum heating rate of 40℃ / h, a temperature control accuracy of ±5℃, and a pressure control accuracy of ±0.5 MPa.

[0086] The heating regulator 2 also includes a pressure measuring component 205, a temperature measuring component 207, and a liquid level measuring component 206. These components are respectively mounted on the housing of the heating regulator 2. The pressure measuring component 205 monitors the pressure inside the heating regulator 2 in real time to prevent excessive pressure and potential danger. The temperature measuring component 207 measures the temperature of the liquid inside the heating regulator 2 to ensure it is heated to the set temperature. The liquid level measuring component 206 measures the liquid level inside the heating regulator 2 to allow for timely replenishment of the liquid.

[0087] A first valve 1201 is installed on the connecting pipeline between the shielded pump 3 and the first test piece 5. The flow rate of the high-temperature liquid medium flowing into the first test piece 5 is controlled by controlling the opening degree of the first valve 1201.

[0088] Among them, a branch pipe is provided on the connecting pipeline between the heating and pressure regulator 2 and the shielded pump 3, and a third valve 1203 is installed on the branch pipe. During the circulation process, the liquid level and pressure in the heating and pressure regulator 2 are finely adjusted through the third valve 1203.

[0089] Specifically, the gas introduced into the high-pressure cold water tank 6 and the heating and pressure stabilizing device 2 through the gas source 10 is nitrogen.

[0090] The low-temperature and low-pressure circuit also includes a regulating pipeline, one end of which is connected to the atmospheric pressure water tank 7, and the other end of which is connected to the heat exchanger 9.

[0091] The atmospheric pressure water tank 7 also includes a second water return port, and an adjustment pipeline is provided between the heat exchanger 9 and the second water return port of the atmospheric pressure water tank 7.

[0092] Specifically, an eighth valve 1208 is installed on the regulating pipeline; when the first test piece 5 is cooled by circulating through the low temperature and low pressure circuit 2, the flow rate of the low temperature medium entering the first test piece 5 is controlled by adjusting the eighth valve 1208, thereby controlling the cooling rate.

[0093] The experimental apparatus also includes a gas source 10 and a water source 11. The gas source 10 is connected to the heating and pressure stabilizing unit 2 and the high-pressure cold water tank 6, respectively, and the water source 11 is connected to the heating and pressure stabilizing unit 2 and the atmospheric pressure water tank 7, respectively. By introducing a gaseous medium into the heating and pressure stabilizing unit 2 and the high-pressure cold water tank 6, a high-pressure environment is created within them. By introducing a liquid medium into the heating and pressure stabilizing unit 2 and the atmospheric pressure water tank 7, water is replenished to them.

[0094] The gas source 10 is connected to the heating and pressure stabilizing unit 2 and the high-pressure cold water tank 6 respectively. That is, the gas source 10 is connected to the heating and pressure stabilizing unit 2 and the high-pressure cold water tank 6 respectively through gas pipelines. Here, the gas pipeline consists of a main gas pipe, a first gas branch pipe and a second gas branch pipe. One end of the main gas pipe is connected to the gas source 10, and the other end is connected to the first gas branch pipe and the second gas branch pipe respectively.

[0095] Specifically, the high-pressure cold water tank 6 also includes a high-pressure cold water tank gas inlet, which is connected to a second gas branch pipe for introducing a gaseous medium into the high-pressure cold water tank 6 to create high pressure inside the tank. The heating pressure regulator 2 also includes a heating pressure regulator inlet 204, which is connected to a first gas branch pipe for introducing a gaseous medium into the heating pressure regulator pump 2 to create high pressure inside the regulator 2.

[0096] In this embodiment, the gaseous medium is nitrogen.

[0097] The water source 11 is connected to the heating and pressure stabilizing unit 2 and the atmospheric pressure water tank 7 respectively. That is, the water source 11 is connected to the heating and pressure stabilizing unit 2 and the atmospheric pressure water tank 7 respectively through the water supply pipe. The water supply pipe consists of a main water supply pipe, a first water supply pipe and a second water supply pipe. One end of the main water supply pipe is connected to the water source 11, and the other end is connected to the first water supply pipe and the second water supply pipe respectively.

[0098] Specifically, the atmospheric pressure water tank 7 also includes a water tank inlet, which is connected to the second water replenishment pipe for replenishing liquid medium to the atmospheric pressure water tank 7. While replenishing water to the atmospheric pressure water tank 7, liquid medium can also be replenished to the high-pressure cold water tank 6. The heating and pressure stabilizing device 2 also includes a heating and pressure stabilizing device inlet 201, which is connected to the first water replenishment pipe for replenishing liquid medium to the heating and pressure stabilizing device 2.

[0099] In this embodiment, the liquid medium is deionized water.

[0100] Specifically, a fourth valve 1204 is installed at the water inlet 201 of the heating and pressure regulator. Opening the fourth valve 1204 allows the supplementary medium to be introduced into the heating and pressure regulator 2 through the water source 11.

[0101] The test apparatus also includes a control system. The output of the control system is connected to the drive unit 101, the heating and pressure regulator 2, the shielded pump 3, the centrifugal pump 8, the first valve 1201, the second valve 1202, the third valve 1203, the fourth valve 1204, the fifth valve 1205, the sixth valve 1206, the seventh valve 1207, the eighth valve 1208, the ninth valve 1209, and the tenth valve 1210, respectively. The input of the control system is connected to the loading system pressure measuring component 103, the second test piece temperature measuring component, the second test piece strain measuring component, the pressure regulator pressure measuring component 205, the pressure regulator liquid level measuring component 206, the pressure regulator temperature measuring component 207, the first test piece temperature measuring component 505, the first test piece pressure measuring component, the first test piece liquid level measuring component, the atmospheric pressure water tank liquid level measuring component, the high pressure cold water tank pressure measuring component 603, and the high pressure cold water tank liquid level measuring component, respectively, to realize automated control and monitoring.

[0102] In this embodiment, the pressure measuring component 103 of the loading system, the pressure measuring component 205 of the voltage regulator, the pressure measuring component of the first test piece, and the pressure measuring component 603 of the high-pressure cold water tank are all pressure sensors. In other embodiments, other types of pressure sensors can be selected depending on the specific circumstances.

[0103] In this embodiment, the strain measurement component of the second test piece is a strain gauge.

[0104] In this embodiment, the second test piece temperature measuring component, the voltage regulator temperature measuring component 207, and the first test piece temperature measuring component 505 are all temperature sensors. In other embodiments, other types of temperature sensors can be selected depending on the specific circumstances.

[0105] In this embodiment, the level measuring component 206 of the pressure regulator, the level measuring component of the first test piece, the level measuring component of the atmospheric pressure water tank, and the level measuring component of the high pressure cold water tank are all level gauges. In other embodiments, other types of level measuring sensors can be selected according to the specific circumstances.

[0106] Specifically, the mechanical behavior of the first test piece 5 under transient thermal load was tested using a high-temperature, high-pressure circuit and a low-temperature, low-pressure circuit.

[0107] Step S1: Connect the water supply pipe to the water source, open the fourth valve 1204, and supply deionized water to the heating and pressure stabilizing unit 2 through the water supply pipe; open the first valve 1201 and start the shielded pump 3 to supply deionized water to the first test piece 5.

[0108] When the liquid level in the heating regulator 2 reaches the test set value, the fourth valve 1204 is closed; when the liquid level in the first test piece 5 reaches the test set value, the first valve 1201 and the shielded pump 3 are closed.

[0109] Open valve 1207 to replenish deionized water to atmospheric pressure water tank 7 through the water supply pipe;

[0110] Open the ninth valve 1209 and start the centrifugal pump 8. The centrifugal pump 8 cools the deionized water in the atmospheric pressure water tank 7 through the heat exchanger 9 and then sends it into the high pressure cold water tank 8 to replenish the high pressure cold water tank 8 with low temperature deionized water. When the liquid levels inside the high pressure cold water tank 8 and the atmospheric pressure water tank 7 reach the test set value, close the ninth valve 1209 and the seventh valve 1207.

[0111] Step S2: High-pressure nitrogen gas source supplies gas to the heating regulator 2 and the high-pressure cold water tank 6 respectively, pressurizes the high-pressure cold water tank 6 and the heating regulator 2 to the test set value, and then stops pressurizing.

[0112] Step S3: The deionized water inside the heating regulator 2 is heated by the electric heating element 203, the shielded pump 3 is started, the first valve 1201 and the second valve 1202 are opened, and a water medium circulation is formed in the high temperature and high pressure circuit to heat the first test piece 5. During the circulation process, the liquid level and pressure in the heating regulator 2 are finely adjusted by the third valve 1203.

[0113] When the internal temperature and pressure of the first test piece 5 reach the test set value, turn off the electric heating element 203, turn off the shielded pump 3, and close the first valve 1201 and the second valve 1202.

[0114] A water medium circulation is formed in the high temperature and high pressure circuit. That is, the high temperature deionized water in the heating and pressure regulator 2 enters from the inlet of the shielded pump 3, exits from the outlet of the shielded pump 3, enters the first test piece 5 through the high temperature medium inlet 501, flows out from the high temperature medium outlet 502 of the first test piece 5, and returns to the heating and pressure regulator 2 through the return water port, thus forming a high temperature and high pressure circuit.

[0115] Step S4: Open the ninth valve 1209 and the sixth valve 1206 to discharge the low-temperature deionized water in the high-pressure cold water tank 6 into the first test piece 5 through the outlet 602 of the high-pressure cold water tank, providing a rapid cooling condition for the first test piece 5 and forming a transient heat load; control the flow rate of low-temperature deionized water entering the first test piece 5 from the high-pressure cold water tank 6 by adjusting the fifth valve 1205.

[0116] When the liquid level inside the high-pressure cold water tank 6 drops below the test set value, close the ninth valve 1209 and open the fifth valve 1205 to form a circulation in the low-temperature and low-pressure circuit 2, cooling down the first test piece 5 and forming a transient thermal load; control the cooling rate by adjusting the flow rate of low-temperature deionized water entering the first test piece 5 by adjusting the eighth valve 1208.

[0117] Step S5: During the test, the internal temperature and pressure of the first test piece 5 are measured by the first test piece pressure measuring component and the first test piece temperature measuring component 505 to obtain the mechanical behavior of the first test piece 5 under transient thermal load conditions.

[0118] Specifically, the mechanical behavior of the second test piece 4 under transient thermal load was tested using a low-temperature, low-pressure circuit in conjunction with loading system 1:

[0119] Step S1: Open the seventh valve 1207 and the ninth valve 1209, and simultaneously turn on the centrifugal pump 8. The centrifugal pump 8 cools the deionized water in the atmospheric pressure water tank 7 through the heat exchanger 9 and then delivers it into the high-pressure cold water tank 8 to replenish the high-pressure cold water tank 8 with low-temperature deionized water. When the liquid level inside the high-pressure cold water tank 8 reaches the test set value, close the ninth valve 1209 and the seventh valve 1207.

[0120] Step S2: The second test piece 4 is heated by heating wire, and then kept at the set temperature after reaching the test value;

[0121] Step S3: Apply axial stress load to the second test piece 4 through the loading system 1. Stop loading when the test set value is reached.

[0122] Step S4: Turn off the electric heating wire and open the tenth valve 1210 to introduce low-temperature deionized water from the high-pressure cold water tank 6 into the second test piece 4, providing a rapid cooling condition for the second test piece 4 and forming a transient thermal load.

[0123] Step S5: During the test, the temperature of the second test piece 4 is measured by the second test piece temperature measuring component, and the local strain of the second test piece 4 is measured by the strain gauge attached to the surface of the second test piece 4, so as to obtain the mechanical behavior of the second test piece 4 under transient thermal load conditions.

[0124] It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the aforementioned advantageous methods can be freely combined and superimposed without conflict.

[0125] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application. The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A mechanical behavior testing device based on transient thermal load, characterized in that, include: The loading system (1) and the second test piece (4) are mounted on the loading system (1) and the second test piece (4) is wound with an electric heating wire; Low temperature and low pressure circuit, the second test piece (4) is connected to the low temperature and low pressure circuit; The loading system (1) applies axial stress load to the second test piece (4), the electric heating wire applies high temperature load to the second test piece (4), and the low temperature and low pressure circuit applies low temperature load to the second test piece (4) to simulate the mechanical behavior of the second test piece (4) under the condition of applying axial stress and transient thermal load simultaneously. The low-temperature and low-pressure circuit includes a high-pressure cold water tank (6), which is connected to the low-temperature medium inlet of the second test piece (4) to apply a low-temperature load to the second test piece (4); The test device further includes a high-temperature and high-pressure circuit and a first test piece (5). The first test piece (5) is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure circuit and the low-temperature and low-pressure circuit respectively. The high-temperature and high-pressure circuit is used to introduce a high-temperature liquid medium into the first test piece (5) to apply a high-temperature load. The low-temperature and low-pressure circuit is used to introduce a low-temperature liquid medium into the first test piece (5) to apply a low-temperature load, so as to form a transient thermal load in the first test piece (5) to simulate the mechanical behavior of the first test piece (5) under the condition of applying a transient thermal load. The high-temperature and high-pressure circuit includes a heating regulator (2) and a shielded pump (3). The first test piece (5) includes a high-temperature and high-pressure medium inlet (501) and a high-temperature and high-pressure medium outlet (502). The outlet of the heating regulator (2) is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure medium inlet (501) of the first test piece (5) through the shielded pump (3). The high-temperature and high-pressure medium outlet (502) of the first test piece (5) is connected to the inlet of the heating regulator (2). The first test piece (5) also includes a low-temperature and low-pressure medium inlet (503) and a low-temperature and low-pressure medium outlet (504). The high-pressure cold water tank (6) and the heat exchanger (9) are both connected to the low-temperature and low-pressure medium inlet (503) of the first test piece (5), and the low-temperature and low-pressure medium outlet (504) of the first test piece (5) is connected to the normal pressure water tank (7).

2. The mechanical behavior testing device based on transient thermal load according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loading system (1) includes a support frame on which a second test piece (4) is mounted. A drive member (101) is provided at the top of the support frame. The pressure end of the drive member (101) passes through the top of the support frame and is connected to a loading member (105) located inside the support frame. The drive member (101) drives the loading member (105) to move so as to apply an axial stress load to the second test piece (4).

3. The mechanical behavior testing device based on transient thermal load according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support frame includes a support column (107), and a slider (104) is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the loading member (105). The slider (104) is connected to the support column (107), and the slider (104) slides relative to the support column (107).

4. A mechanical behavior testing device based on transient thermal load according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, A first pressure measuring component (103) is provided between the pressure-applying end of the driving component (101) and the loading component (105).

5. The mechanical behavior testing device based on transient thermal load according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-temperature and low-pressure circuit also includes a heat exchanger (9), a centrifugal pump (8), and an atmospheric pressure water tank (7). The outlet of the atmospheric pressure water tank (7) is connected to the heat exchanger (9) through the centrifugal pump (8). The outlet of the heat exchanger (9) is connected to the high-pressure cold water tank (6). The atmospheric pressure water tank (7) is used to replenish water to the high-pressure cold water tank (6).

6. The mechanical behavior testing device based on transient thermal load according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-temperature and low-pressure circuit also includes a regulating pipeline, one end of which is connected to the atmospheric pressure water tank (7), and the other end of which is connected to the heat exchanger (9).

7. The mechanical behavior testing device based on transient thermal load according to claim 6, characterized in that, The test apparatus also includes a gas source (10) and a water source (11). The gas source (10) is connected to the heating and pressure regulator (2) and the high-pressure cold water tank (6) respectively, and the water source (11) is connected to the heating and pressure regulator (2) and the atmospheric pressure water tank (7) respectively.

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