Optical experiment demonstration device for physics teaching

Abstract

The invention discloses an optical experiment demonstration device for physics teaching, and relates to the technical field of teaching demonstration appliances, the optical experiment demonstration device comprises a base, the top of the base is provided with a magnetic adsorption type optical disc, and a convex lens and a concave lens are sequentially adsorbed and fixed on the front side of the magnetic adsorption type optical disc from top to bottom; a moving assembly is arranged on the magnetic adsorption type optical disc; according to the technical scheme, the upper ruler and the lower ruler which can respectively rotate are arranged on the shaft body, so that when the focus of the concave lens is positioned, the upper ruler and the lower ruler can respectively serve as reverse extension lines of an upper beam of divergent light and a lower beam of divergent light; compared with the prior art that a teacher needs to draw a reverse extension line of divergent light rays with the help of a ruler to find the focus of the concave lens, the focus of the concave lens is more labor-saving and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of teaching demonstration equipment, in particular to an optical experiment demonstration device for physics teaching. Background Art

[0002] Lenses are important components of common daily necessities such as cameras and projectors, and are also important parts of teaching aids. Studying the effect of lenses on light is the foundation and core content of physics teaching. In physics teaching, when studying the effect of lenses on light, in order to show students intuitively and clearly, it is often necessary to use demonstration devices.

[0003] The prior art, namely the authorization publication number CN215298607U, discloses "a demonstration device for the effect of lens on light for university physics experiments", which includes an experimental box and a mounting plate, wherein the mounting plate is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the experimental box, and the left side wall of the experimental box is symmetrically provided with through holes, each of which is provided with a laser indicator, and fixed blocks are fixedly arranged on the left and right sides of the top surface of the experimental box, and a screw rod is arranged in the fixed block, and the left end of the screw rod is screwed to the right side of the fixed block on the left side through a bearing, and the right end of the screw rod is fixedly provided with a crank after rotating through the fixed block on the right side, and a moving block is screwed on the screw rod, and a through hole is opened on the upper side wall of the experimental box, and a connecting rod is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the moving block after passing through the through hole, and a lens is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the connecting rod; this technical solution demonstrates the direction of light by emitting laser toward the lens through a laser indicator.

[0004] However, the applicant found that this technical solution can only emit one laser beam at a time, and it is difficult to intuitively demonstrate that the convex lens and the concave lens have convergent and divergent effects on light respectively. In addition, when the laser passes through the concave lens, the teacher needs to use a ruler to draw the reverse extension line of the divergent light to find the focus of the concave lens, so the demonstration device is not effective to use. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an optical experiment demonstration device for physics teaching, which solves the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an optical experiment demonstration device for physics teaching, comprising a base, a magnetic adsorption optical tool disc is arranged on the top of the base, and a convex lens and a concave lens are adsorbed and fixed on the front side of the magnetic adsorption optical tool disc in sequence from top to bottom; The magnetic adsorption optical disc is provided with a moving component; The moving component is provided with a clamping component, and the moving component is used to drive the clamping component to move, and the clamping component is used to clamp the laser located on the left side of the concave lens, and three laser heads are arranged in parallel from top to bottom on the right side of the laser, and the laser heads can emit lasers parallel to the main optical axis of the concave lens, and three switches corresponding to the three laser heads are arranged on the laser; A slide groove aligned with the main optical axis of the concave lens is provided on the right side of the magnetic adsorption optical disc, and a reverse extension line replacement component is slidably connected to the slide groove.

[0007] Preferably, the clamping assembly includes a vertically arranged guide rail, on which a reduction motor is arranged, and the output shaft of the reduction motor is connected to a bidirectional screw rod, and both sides of the bidirectional screw rod are screwed with clamps that are slidably connected to the guide rail, and opposite sides of the clamps on both sides are provided with anti-slip pads for clamping the laser.

[0008] Preferably, the moving component includes a slide rail, a mounting block is slidably connected to the slide rail, a reduction motor 2 is arranged on the mounting block, the output shaft of the reduction motor 2 is connected to a one-way screw rod, and a slider slidably connected to the slide rail is threaded on the one-way screw rod, an electric push rod is arranged on the slider, and the output end of the electric push rod is connected to the guide rail.

[0009] Preferably, a controller is provided on the top of the magnetic adsorption optical disc, and the controller is electrically connected to the first reduction motor, the second reduction motor and the electric push rod.

[0010] Preferably, the reverse extension line replacement component includes a sliding rod slidably connected to the sliding groove, a hollow shaft body is fixedly passed through the sliding rod in the front-to-back direction, an upper ruler and a lower ruler are movably sleeved on the shaft body, and the upper ruler is located on the rear side of the lower ruler, an installation component for positioning the upper ruler and the lower ruler is provided on the shaft body, and a fixing component for fixing the upper ruler and the lower ruler is provided on both the upper ruler and the lower ruler, and a marking component is movably connected in the shaft body.

[0011] Preferably, the mounting assembly includes a mounting cylinder, a limiting cylinder, a separating cylinder and a supporting cylinder which are sequentially arranged on the shaft body from front to back, a fan-shaped plate is arranged on the outer side of the mounting cylinder, the two sides of the upper ruler are respectively in contact with the separating cylinder and the supporting cylinder, and the two sides of the lower ruler are respectively in contact with the separating cylinder and the limiting cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the fixing assembly includes a fixing block, a battery and a knob arranged on the upper scale and the lower scale, an electric telescopic rod is arranged on the front side of the fixing block, and a top plate is arranged on the output end of the electric telescopic rod, and an anti-slip sheet in contact with the fan-shaped plate is arranged on the front side of the top plate.

[0013] Preferably, the marking assembly includes a marking pen eccentrically arranged inside the shaft body, the marking pen is detachably connected to the connecting rod, the connecting rod is provided with a connecting tube, the connecting tube is slidably sleeved on the guide rod, and the guide rod is provided with a connecting block, the connecting block is provided with a reset spring connected to the connecting tube, the connecting block is connected to the inner ring of the bearing, and the inner ring of the bearing is rotatably connected to the outer ring of the bearing arranged on the fan-shaped plate.

[0014] Preferably, handles are provided on both sides of the base, and a top movable cover of the base is provided with a protective cover, and a handle and a groove are provided on the protective cover. Beneficial Effects

[0015] The present invention provides an optical experiment demonstration device for physics teaching. Compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects: 1. This technical solution uses three laser heads to emit three laser beams at the same time, which is convenient for intuitively demonstrating that the convex lens and concave lens have the effect of converging and diverging light respectively.

[0016] 2. This technical solution sets a rotatable upper ruler and a lower ruler on the shaft, so that when locating the focus of the concave lens, the upper ruler and the lower ruler can serve as the reverse extension lines of the upper and lower divergent light beams respectively, so that the position where the central parallel light beam intersects, that is, the center of the shaft, is the focus of the concave lens. Compared with the existing technology that requires teachers to use a ruler to draw the reverse extension line of the divergent light beam to find the focus of the concave lens, this is more labor-saving and efficient.

[0017] 3. This technical solution can mark the focal position by setting a marking component, so that when the position of the laser, that is, the distance between the light source and the concave lens, is changed, it is easy to intuitively observe whether the position of the focal point of the concave lens changes after the distance is changed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the magnetically adsorbed optical disc, the moving assembly, the clamping assembly, the laser, the reverse extension line replacement assembly, the mounting assembly, the fixing assembly and the marking assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a moving assembly and a clamping assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a reverse extension cord replacement assembly, an installation assembly, a fixing assembly and a marking assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation component and the fixing component of the present invention; Figure 6 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a marking assembly of the present invention; Figure 7For the present invention Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure in the middle.

[0019] In the figure: 1. base; 2. magnetic adsorption optical disc; 3. convex lens; 4. concave lens; 5. laser; 6. laser head; 7. switch; 8. slide; 9. guide rail; 10. reduction motor 1; 11. bidirectional screw rod; 12. clamping plate; 13. anti-skid pad; 14. slide rail; 15. mounting block; 16. reduction motor 2; 17. slider; 18. electric push rod; 19. controller; 20. slide rod; 21. upper ruler; 22. lower ruler; 23. shaft; 24. Installation cylinder; 25. Limiting cylinder; 26. Partitioning cylinder; 27. Supporting cylinder; 28. Fan-shaped plate; 29. ​​Fixing block; 30. Electric telescopic rod; 31. Top plate; 32. Anti-slip sheet; 33. Battery; 34. Knob; 35. Marker pen; 36. Connecting rod; 37. Connecting tube; 38. Guide rod; 39. Connecting block; 40. Reset spring; 41. Bearing inner ring; 42. Bearing outer ring; 43. Handle; 44. Protective cover; 45. Handle; 46. Groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 , the present invention provides the following four technical solutions: The first embodiment: an optical experiment demonstration device for physics teaching, comprising a base 1, a magnetic adsorption optical tool disk 2 is arranged on the top of the base 1, and a convex lens 3 and a concave lens 4 are adsorbed and fixed on the front side of the magnetic adsorption optical tool disk 2 from top to bottom in sequence; The magnetic adsorption optical disc 2 is provided with a moving component; A clamping assembly is provided on the moving assembly, and the moving assembly is used to drive the clamping assembly to move. The clamping assembly is used to clamp the laser 5 located on the left side of the concave lens 4. Three laser heads 6 are arranged in parallel from top to bottom on the right side of the laser 5. The laser heads 6 can emit lasers parallel to the main optical axis of the concave lens 4. Three switches 7 corresponding to the three laser heads 6 are arranged on the laser 5. When the switch 7 is turned on, the laser head 6 emits a laser line. When the light passes through the concave lens 4, it diverges, and when the light passes through the convex lens 3, it converges. A slide groove 8 is provided on the right side of the magnetically adsorbed optical disc 2 and is aligned with the main optical axis of the concave lens 4 , and a reverse extension line replacement component is slidably connected to the slide groove 8 .

[0022] The clamping assembly includes a vertically arranged guide rail 9, on which a reduction motor 10 is arranged, and the output shaft of the reduction motor 10 is connected to a bidirectional screw rod 11, which can drive the bidirectional screw rod 11 to rotate. Both sides of the bidirectional screw rod 11 are screwed with clamps 12 that are slidably connected to the guide rail 9, and opposite sides of the clamps 12 on both sides are provided with anti-slip pads 13 for clamping the laser 5. The clamps 12 on both sides can be moved toward opposite sides to clamp the laser 5.

[0023] The moving component includes a slide rail 14, on which a mounting block 15 is slidably connected, and a reduction motor 16 is arranged on the mounting block 15. The output shaft of the reduction motor 16 is connected to a one-way screw rod, which can drive the one-way screw rod to rotate, and a slider 17 slidably connected to the slide rail 14 is screwed on the one-way screw rod, which can drive the slider 17 to move laterally. An electric push rod 18 is arranged on the slider 17, and the output end of the electric push rod 18 is connected to the guide rail 9, which can drive the guide rail 9 to rise and fall, so as to drive the laser 5 to change its height, so as to facilitate the experimental demonstration of the convex lens 3. By changing the lateral position of the laser 5, it is convenient to observe whether the focal position changes after the distance between the light source and the lens changes.

[0024] A controller 19 is disposed on the top of the magnetic adsorption optical disc 2, and the controller 19 is electrically connected to the reduction motor 1 10, the reduction motor 2 16 and the electric push rod 18, so as to facilitate the teacher's control.

[0025] The reverse extension line replacement component includes a slide bar 20 slidably connected to the slide slot 8, and a hollow shaft body 23 is fixedly passed through the slide bar 20 in the front-to-back direction. An upper ruler 21 and a lower ruler 22 are movably sleeved on the shaft body 23, and the upper ruler 21 is located at the rear side of the lower ruler 22. The upper ruler 21 and the lower ruler 22 that can rotate respectively are arranged on the shaft body 23, so that when locating the focus of the concave lens 4, the upper ruler 21 and the lower ruler 22 can respectively serve as the reverse extension lines of the upper and lower divergent light beams, so that the position intersecting with the central parallel light beam, that is, the center of the shaft body 23 is the focus of the concave lens 4. Compared with the prior art that requires teachers to use a ruler to draw the reverse extension line of the divergent light beam to find the focus of the concave lens 4, it is more labor-saving and efficient. An installation component for positioning the upper ruler 21 and the lower ruler 22 is arranged on the shaft body 23, and fixing components for fixing the upper ruler 21 and the lower ruler 22 are arranged on the upper ruler 21 and the lower ruler 22, and a marking component is movably connected in the shaft body 23.

[0026] The mounting assembly includes a mounting cylinder 24, a limiting cylinder 25, a separating cylinder 26 and a supporting cylinder 27 which are arranged on the shaft body 23 from front to back. A fan-shaped plate 28 is arranged on the outer side of the mounting cylinder 24. The two sides of the upper scale 21 are respectively in contact with the separating cylinder 26 and the supporting cylinder 27, and the two sides of the lower scale 22 are respectively in contact with the separating cylinder 26 and the limiting cylinder 25, so as to support and position the upper scale 21 and the lower scale 22 without affecting their rotation or causing them to fall off.

[0027] The second embodiment is mainly different from the first embodiment in that: the fixing component includes a fixing block 29, a battery 33 and a knob 34 arranged on the upper scale 21 and the lower scale 22, the battery 33 supplies power to the electric telescopic rod 30, the knob 34 is used to control the extension and retraction of the electric telescopic rod 30, the electric telescopic rod 30 is arranged on the front side of the fixing block 29, and the output end of the electric telescopic rod 30 is arranged at a top plate 31, and the front side of the top plate 31 is arranged at a non-slip sheet 32 ​​in contact with the fan-shaped plate 28.

[0028] When the upper ruler 21 and the lower ruler 22 are respectively parallel to the divergent light beam, the top plate 31 can be moved by the electric telescopic rod 30 to make the anti-slip sheet 32 ​​contact with the fan-shaped plate 28, so as to fix the upper ruler 21 and the lower ruler 22 by friction, which is convenient for teachers to explain.

[0029] The third embodiment mainly differs from the second embodiment in that: the marking assembly includes a marking pen 35 eccentrically arranged inside the shaft body 23, the marking pen 35 is detachably connected to the connecting rod 36, the connecting rod 36 is provided with a connecting pipe 37, the connecting pipe 37 is slidably sleeved on the guide rod 38, and the guide rod 38 is provided with a connecting block 39, the connecting block 39 is provided with a reset spring 40 connected to the connecting pipe 37, the connecting block 39 is connected to the bearing inner ring 41, the bearing inner ring 41 is rotatably connected to the bearing outer ring 42 arranged on the fan plate 28, and the connecting rod 36 is pressed. , so that the connecting tube 37 can slide on the guide rod 38, and then the marking pen 35 can extend out of the shaft 23 to contact the magnetic adsorption optical disc 2, and then by rotating the connecting rod 36, the connecting block 39 drives the inner ring 41 of the bearing to rotate on the outer ring 42 of the bearing, so that the marking pen 35 can be rotated, so as to draw a circle on the magnetic adsorption optical disc 2, so as to mark the position of the focus, and then when the position of the laser 5, that is, the distance between the light source and the concave lens 4 is changed, the focus position is marked again, and it can be intuitively observed whether the position of the focus of the concave lens 4 changes after the distance is changed.

[0030] The fourth embodiment is mainly different from the third embodiment in that handles 43 are provided on both sides of the base 1 , a protective cover 44 is provided on the top movable cover of the base 1 , and a handle 45 and a groove 46 are provided on the protective cover 44 .

[0031] The handle 43 makes it easy to extract the device, the protective cover 44 makes it easy to protect the device from dust, the handle 45 makes it easy to take away the protective cover 44, and the groove 46 makes it easy to place the teacher's textbook. Therefore, when the handle 43 makes it easy to extract the device, the textbook can also be carried.

[0032] Meanwhile, the contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art, and the model parameters of each electrical appliance are not specifically limited, and conventional equipment can be used.

[0033] When in use, first make the classroom environment dark, then turn on the three switches 7, so that the three switches 7 emit lasers parallel to the main optical axis of the concave lens 4, and you can find that the light on the upper and lower sides of the concave lens 4 diverges, and the middle light passes through in parallel. Then make the upper ruler 21 and the lower ruler 22 parallel to the upper and lower light, respectively, and then make the electric telescopic rod 30 drive the anti-slip sheet 32 ​​to press the fan-shaped plate 28 tightly, so that the upper ruler 21 and the lower ruler 22 can be fixed, and then slide the slide bar 20 to the left along the slide groove 8, so that the upper ruler 21 and the lower ruler 22 can be driven to move to the left, until they coincide with the reverse extension line of the divergent light on the upper and lower sides, and after the coincidence, the shaft body 23 and the middle light also coincide. That is, the center of the shaft 23 is the focus of the concave lens 4, and then press the marker pen 35 to make it contact the magnetic adsorption optical disc 2, and then rotate the connecting rod 36 to make the marker pen 35 draw a circle. After removing the slide bar 20, the center of the circle is the focus. Then move the light source horizontally through the moving component, and repeat the above steps to observe whether the focus of the concave lens 4 is consistent. After demonstrating the concave lens 4, the laser 5 can be driven upward by the electric push rod 18 to demonstrate the convex lens 3. The three laser beams passing through the convex lens 3 converge together, and the focus is clearly visible. Similarly, the light source can be moved horizontally to observe whether the focus of the convex lens 3 is consistent.

[0034] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0035] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An optical experiment demonstration device for physics teaching, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A magnetically adsorbed optical disc (2) is arranged on the top of the base (1), and a convex lens (3) and a concave lens (4) are adsorbed and fixed in sequence on the front side of the magnetically adsorbed optical disc (2) from top to bottom; The magnetic adsorption optical disc (2) is provided with a moving component; A clamping assembly is arranged on the moving assembly, and the moving assembly is used to drive the clamping assembly to move, the clamping assembly is used to clamp a laser (5) located on the left side of the concave lens (4), three laser heads (6) are arranged in parallel from top to bottom on the right side of the laser (5), the laser heads (6) can emit laser light parallel to the main optical axis of the concave lens (4), and three switches (7) corresponding to the three laser heads (6) are arranged on the laser (5); The right side of the magnetic adsorption optical disc (2) is provided with a slide groove (8) aligned with the main optical axis of the concave lens (4), and a reverse extension line replacement component is slidably connected to the slide groove (8).

2. The optical experiment demonstration device for physics teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly comprises a vertically arranged guide rail (9), a reduction motor (10) is arranged on the guide rail (9), and the output shaft of the reduction motor (10) is connected to a bidirectional screw rod (11), and clamping plates (12) slidably connected to the guide rail (9) are screwed on both sides of the bidirectional screw rod (11), and anti-slip pads (13) for clamping the laser (5) are arranged on opposite sides of the clamping plates (12) on both sides.

3. The optical experiment demonstration device for physics teaching according to claim 2, characterized in that: The moving assembly comprises a slide rail (14), a mounting block (15) being slidably connected to the slide rail (14), a second reduction motor (16) being arranged on the mounting block (15), an output shaft of the second reduction motor (16) being connected to a one-way screw rod, and a slider (17) being slidably connected to the slide rail (14) being threadedly connected to the one-way screw rod, an electric push rod (18) being arranged on the slider (17), and an output end of the electric push rod (18) being connected to the guide rail (9).

4. The optical experiment demonstration device for physics teaching according to claim 3, characterized in that: A controller (19) is provided on the top of the magnetic adsorption optical disc (2), and the controller (19) is electrically connected to the first reduction motor (10), the second reduction motor (16) and the electric push rod (18).

5. The optical experiment demonstration device for physics teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reverse extension line replacement component comprises a slide bar (20) slidably connected to the slide groove (8), a hollow shaft (23) is fixedly passed through the slide bar (20) in the front-to-back direction, an upper ruler (21) and a lower ruler (22) are movably sleeved on the shaft (23), and the upper ruler (21) is located at the rear side of the lower ruler (22), a mounting component for positioning the upper ruler (21) and the lower ruler (22) is arranged on the shaft (23), and a fixing component for fixing the upper ruler (21) and the lower ruler (22) is arranged on both the upper ruler (21) and the lower ruler (22), and a marking component is movably connected inside the shaft (23).

6. The optical experiment demonstration device for physics teaching according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting assembly comprises a mounting cylinder (24), a limiting cylinder (25), a separating cylinder (26) and a supporting cylinder (27) which are arranged on the shaft body (23) in sequence from front to back. A fan-shaped plate (28) is arranged on the outer side of the mounting cylinder (24). The two sides of the upper ruler (21) are in contact with the separating cylinder (26) and the supporting cylinder (27) respectively, and the two sides of the lower ruler (22) are in contact with the separating cylinder (26) and the limiting cylinder (25) respectively.

7. The optical experiment demonstration device for physics teaching according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixing assembly comprises a fixing block (29) arranged on the upper ruler (21) and the lower ruler (22), a battery (33) and a knob (34); an electric telescopic rod (30) is arranged on the front side of the fixing block (29); a top plate (31) is arranged on the output end of the electric telescopic rod (30); and an anti-slip sheet (32) in contact with the fan-shaped plate (28) is arranged on the front side of the top plate (31).

8. The optical experiment demonstration device for physics teaching according to claim 7, characterized in that: The marking assembly comprises a marking pen (35) eccentrically arranged inside the shaft body (23), the marking pen (35) being detachably connected to a connecting rod (36), the connecting rod (36) being provided with a connecting tube (37), the connecting tube (37) being slidably sleeved on a guide rod (38), and the guide rod (38) being provided with a connecting block (39), the connecting block (39) being provided with a return spring (40) connected to the connecting tube (37), the connecting block (39) being connected to a bearing inner ring (41), and the bearing inner ring (41) being rotatably connected to a bearing outer ring (42) arranged on the fan-shaped plate (28).

9. The optical experiment demonstration device for physics teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that: Handles (43) are provided on both sides of the base (1), a top movable cover of the base (1) is provided with a protective cover (44), and a handle (45) and a groove (46) are provided on the protective cover (44).

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