Conical cavity type photonic crystal damping plate and intelligent customization method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a conical cavity type phononic crystal vibration damping plate and an intelligent customization method thereof, and relates to the technical field of vibration suppression, the conical cavity type phononic crystal vibration damping plate comprises a rubber layer, a scatterer lead block and an epoxy resin matrix plate, the rubber layer and the scatterer lead block are connected up and down in a cavity form to form a phononic crystal cell, and the epoxy resin matrix plate is connected with the rubber layer. The photonic crystal vibration damping plate of the conical cavity is formed by periodically arranging cells. The rubber layers with the annular cavities and the scatterer vibrators are periodically arranged between the double-layer plate, the vibration reduction plate generates local resonance to absorb elastic waves, a band gap is generated, then vibration is restrained, and aiming at the low-frequency vibration reduction problem generated in mechanical equipment, the vibration reduction effect is good. The vibration suppression frequency band of a specific low-frequency band can be regulated and controlled by adjusting the structural size and the periodicity of the vibration reduction plate, and customizable intelligent regulation and control are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vibration suppression, and in particular to a conical cavity type phononic crystal vibration damping plate structure and an intelligent customization method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The various requirements of modern society for noise prevention and treatment have promoted the rapid development of contemporary noise control engineering technology. Noise control has become one of the most active areas of acoustic technology development. In actual engineering implementation, the most common and effective technical measure for environments that require noise treatment is to install sound insulation materials. Most of them belong to uniform medium structures, and their sound insulation follows the mass density theorem. Therefore, to obtain better sound insulation effects, it is necessary to increase the density of sound insulation materials. However, in actual applications, increasing the density of sound insulation materials will lead to a sharp increase in construction costs and construction difficulties, which also limits the application scope of traditional sound insulation materials. At the same time, low-frequency sound waves have strong penetration, and sound insulation materials have poor sound insulation capabilities in low-frequency bands, and cannot flexibly adapt to different vibration environments. Especially in low-frequency bands (such as 0-100Hz).

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for new lightweight, low-frequency sound insulation materials in engineering applications. Phononic crystals are periodic structures with periodic arrangement of internal structural dimensions or materials and elastic wave band gap characteristics. The propagation of vibration signals within the band gap range will be suppressed to a large extent, so they have vibration reduction and noise reduction characteristics. By using this characteristic, we can explore their application in engineering vibration reduction and noise reduction. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a conical cavity type phononic crystal vibration damping plate structure and an intelligent customization method thereof, which can effectively suppress the propagation of low-frequency elastic waves, especially low-frequency vibrations in the frequency band of 0-100 Hz, and has the advantages of simple structure, light weight, and easy adjustment. In addition, the present invention provides an intelligent customization method, which can intelligently adjust the structural parameters of the vibration damping plate according to different vibration environments, thereby achieving a customized vibration damping effect. Its purpose is to solve the problems in the background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A conical cavity type phononic crystal vibration damping plate, comprising:

[0007] Several local resonance type phononic crystal units are periodically arranged in the horizontal direction;

[0008] The phononic crystal unit cell comprises an epoxy resin substrate plate, a rubber layer and a scatterer lead block which are symmetrically arranged up and down;

[0009] The epoxy resin substrate plate comprises an upper substrate plate and a lower substrate plate;

[0010] The rubber layer comprises an upper rubber layer and a lower rubber layer;

[0011] The scatterer lead block includes an upper scatterer lead block and a lower scatterer lead block;

[0012] The upper base plate, the upper rubber layer, the upper scatterer lead block, the lower scatterer lead block, the lower rubber layer and the lower base plate are connected in sequence from top to bottom;

[0013] The rubber layer and the scatterer lead block are connected up and down in the form of a cylindrical cavity, with a total of four layers. The middle two layers are scatterer lead blocks, and the upper and lower two layers are rubber layers. The cavity is sealed by bonding with an epoxy resin matrix plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the radius of the rubber layer and the scatterer lead block, as well as the radius and height of their cavities are all adjustable.

[0015] Furthermore, the epoxy resin substrate plate is square, and its size and thickness are adjustable.

[0016] Furthermore, the epoxy resin substrate plate is a square plate;

[0017] The rubber layer and the scatterer lead block are in the shape of an annular cavity.

[0018] Furthermore, the outer diameters of the upper rubber layer, the upper scatterer lead block, the lower scatterer lead block, and the lower rubber layer gradually increase from top to bottom, and the inner diameters gradually decrease, presenting an inverted cone-shaped cavity.

[0019] Furthermore, the side length of the upper base plate: the thickness of the upper base plate: the outer diameter of the upper rubber layer: the inner diameter of the upper rubber layer: the thickness of the upper rubber layer: the outer diameter of the upper scatterer lead block: the inner diameter of the upper scatterer lead block: the thickness of the upper scatterer lead block: the outer diameter of the lower scatterer lead block: the inner diameter of the lower scatterer lead block: the thickness of the lower scatterer lead block: the side length of the lower base plate: the thickness of the lower base plate = 85:5:25:20:20:30:15:20:35:10:20:40:5:20:85:5.

[0020] A method for intelligently customizing a conical cavity type phononic crystal vibration damping plate, which is used for the above-mentioned conical cavity type phononic crystal vibration damping plate, comprises:

[0021] Step S1: constructing a model based on the elastic wave equation and Bloch's theorem to simulate the phononic crystal cell;

[0022] Step S2: scanning the phononic crystal cell;

[0023] Step S3: obtaining an energy band structure diagram of a phononic crystal unit cell and obtaining a band gap from the energy band structure diagram;

[0024] Step S4: defining the design variables of the phononic crystal cell;

[0025] Step S5: setting constraints of design variables;

[0026] Step S6: setting an objective function with the widest band gap and the smallest structural mass in a specific frequency range as the optimization goal, setting the range of the specific frequency range to 0 to 100 Hz, and obtaining the optimal phononic crystal cell design variables through the objective function.

[0027] Furthermore, step S6 specifically adjusts the design variables of the phononic crystal of the vibration damping plate, changes the starting frequency, the cutoff frequency, and the band gap width, and optimizes the best parameters for the target vibration damping range.

[0028] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] (1) The present invention designs a conical cavity-type phononic crystal to generate a local resonance phenomenon to absorb elastic waves, thereby generating a band gap to suppress vibration, thereby achieving a good vibration reduction effect, especially in the low frequency band.

[0030] (2) The present invention can generate a bending wave band gap below 100 Hz through a conical cavity type phononic crystal, and can match the target vibration reduction frequency band by adjusting the unit parameters to achieve an intelligent customization effect.

[0031] (3) The present invention uses a conical cavity type phononic crystal vibration reduction plate, which has a simple overall structure, is easy to adjust, is lightweight, and has a stable overall structure, and can be applied to a variety of engineering practices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a conical cavity type phononic crystal vibration damping plate structure unit cell of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the conical cavity type phononic crystal vibration damping plate of the present invention

[0034] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the energy band structure of the conical cavity type phononic crystal damping plate of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the irreducible Brillouin zone of the phononic crystal structure of the present invention

[0036] Figure 5 It is the vibration transmission curve of the vibration damping plate structure of the present invention at different cycle numbers.

[0037] Figure 6 Genetic algorithm flow chart of the vibration damping plate structure of the present invention in one example

[0038] Figure 7 It is a structural parameter diagram of the conical cavity type phononic crystal vibration damping plate structure unit cell of the present invention.

[0039] In the figure, 1, upper substrate plate; 2, upper rubber layer; 3, upper scatterer lead block; 4, lower scatterer lead block; 5, lower rubber layer; 6, lower substrate plate; 7, phononic crystal cell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0041] A conical cavity type phononic crystal vibration damping plate, comprising:

[0042] Several local resonance type phononic crystal units are periodically arranged in the horizontal direction;

[0043] The phononic crystal unit cell comprises an epoxy resin substrate plate, a rubber layer and a scatterer lead block which are symmetrically arranged up and down;

[0044] The epoxy resin substrate plate comprises an upper substrate plate and a lower substrate plate;

[0045] The rubber layer comprises an upper rubber layer and a lower rubber layer;

[0046] The scatterer lead block includes an upper scatterer lead block and a lower scatterer lead block;

[0047] The upper base plate, the upper rubber layer, the upper scatterer lead block, the lower scatterer lead block, the lower rubber layer and the lower base plate are connected in sequence from top to bottom;

[0048] The rubber layer and the scatterer lead block are connected up and down in the form of a cylindrical cavity, with a total of four layers. The middle two layers are scatterer lead blocks, and the upper and lower two layers are rubber layers. The cavity is sealed by bonding with an epoxy resin matrix plate.

[0049] Furthermore, the radius of the rubber layer and the scatterer lead block, as well as the radius and height of their cavities are all adjustable.

[0050] Furthermore, the epoxy resin substrate plate is square, and its size and thickness are adjustable.

[0051] Furthermore, the epoxy resin substrate plate is a square plate;

[0052] The rubber layer and the scatterer lead block are in the shape of an annular cavity.

[0053] Furthermore, the outer diameters of the upper rubber layer, the upper scatterer lead block, the lower scatterer lead block, and the lower rubber layer gradually increase from top to bottom, and the inner diameters gradually decrease, presenting an inverted cone-shaped cavity.

[0054] Furthermore, the side length of the upper base plate: the thickness of the upper base plate: the outer diameter of the upper rubber layer: the inner diameter of the upper rubber layer: the thickness of the upper rubber layer: the outer diameter of the upper scatterer lead block: the inner diameter of the upper scatterer lead block: the thickness of the upper scatterer lead block: the outer diameter of the lower scatterer lead block: the inner diameter of the lower scatterer lead block: the thickness of the lower scatterer lead block: the side length of the lower base plate: the thickness of the lower base plate = 85:5:25:20:20:30:15:20:35:10:20:40:5:20:85:5.

[0055] A method for intelligently customizing a conical cavity type phononic crystal vibration damping plate, which is used for the above-mentioned conical cavity type phononic crystal vibration damping plate, comprises:

[0056] Step S1: constructing a model based on the elastic wave equation and Bloch's theorem to simulate the phononic crystal cell;

[0057] Step S2: scanning the phononic crystal cell;

[0058] Step S3: obtaining an energy band structure diagram of a phononic crystal unit cell and obtaining a band gap from the energy band structure diagram;

[0059] Step S4: defining the design variables of the phononic crystal cell;

[0060] Step S5: setting constraints of design variables;

[0061] Step S6: setting an objective function with the widest band gap and the smallest structural mass in a specific frequency range as the optimization goal, setting the range of the specific frequency range to 0 to 100 Hz, and obtaining the optimal phononic crystal cell design variables through the objective function.

[0062] Furthermore, step S6 specifically adjusts the design variables of the phononic crystal of the vibration damping plate, changes the starting frequency, the cutoff frequency, and the band gap width, and optimizes the best parameters for the target vibration damping range.

[0063] In one example, a conical cavity type phononic crystal vibration damping plate structure and its intelligent customization method include a rubber layer, a scatterer lead block, an epoxy resin substrate plate, the rubber layer and the scatterer lead block are connected up and down in the form of a cavity to form a phononic crystal cell, and the conical cavity phononic crystal vibration damping plate is composed of a periodic arrangement of phononic crystal cells. The present invention periodically arranges a rubber layer with an annular cavity and a scatterer oscillator, i.e., a scatterer lead block, between the double-layer plates, and the vibration damping plate absorbs elastic waves by local resonance, generates a band gap, and then suppresses vibration. For the low-frequency vibration damping problem generated in mechanical equipment, the vibration suppression band can be adjusted for a specific low-frequency band by adjusting the structural size and period number of the vibration damping plate, so as to achieve customizable intelligent regulation.

[0064] Traditional phononic crystal damping plates often rely on a regularly arranged geometric structure (such as periodic holes, arranged elastic materials), which can isolate vibrations in a specific frequency band by designing a specific band gap. However, traditional design methods have certain limitations, especially when dealing with low-frequency (0-100Hz) vibrations, and their effects are relatively limited.

[0065] The present invention introduces a conical cavity type phononic crystal vibration damping plate structure and its intelligent customization method by designing a conical cavity type phononic crystal unit cell. Specifically:

[0066] The present invention introduces a gradual phononic crystal structure: by gradually increasing or decreasing the cavity size and radius of the phononic crystal within the same level, combined with materials with greatly different physical properties (rubber, lead, epoxy resin, etc.), the effect of gradually changing the local resonance frequency is achieved. This gradual structure can effectively expand the bandgap range, thereby improving the isolation capability of low-frequency vibrations.

[0067] The present invention utilizes the non-uniformity of the cavity: unlike the conventional uniform cavity design, the conical cavity in the design of the present invention has a gradually changing radius and cavity height. This non-uniform design leads to different local resonance effects in the sound wave propagation path, so that the band gap of the phononic crystal can cover a wider low-frequency range. Compared with the traditional planar hole structure, this conical design allows low-frequency vibrations to be attenuated more effectively. The design of the conical cavity not only produces local resonance, but also enhances the vibration reduction effect through resonance within a certain frequency range. Multiple resonance modes are intertwined with each other, thereby enhancing the vibration suppression in the low-frequency band.

[0068] The intelligent customization method of the present invention breaks through the limitations of traditional manual adjustment of physical parameters and introduces an intelligent optimization algorithm for customized design. Specific innovations include:

[0069] Adaptive optimization based on demand: For different application scenarios (such as mechanical vibration, building structure, aerospace, etc.), sensors collect vibration data in real time, and through optimization algorithms, adjust structural parameters (such as rubber layer thickness, scatterer size and cavity geometry, etc.) to achieve the best vibration reduction effect. This process can be precisely adjusted based on vibration frequency, vibration intensity and vibration reduction requirements.

[0070] In step S1, the process of building the model is specifically as follows:

[0071] In a linear elastic, isotropic homogeneous medium, by solving the three basic equations of force, displacement, and stress of a certain microelement simultaneously, the expression of the elastic dynamics equation can be obtained as follows:

[0072]

[0073] Where: u(x) is the particle displacement vector, is the Hamiltonian operator, ρ is the medium density, μ and λ are the Lamé constants of the medium, and ω is the circular frequency.

[0074] Since phononic crystals have spatial periodicity, lattice and band theory are used to describe the periodicity of the structure, and the basis vectors are defined as:

[0075] R n =n 1 a 1 +n 2 a 2 +n 3 a 3 ;

[0076] Where: 1 ,a 2 ,a 3} are three non-coplanar vectors, {n 1 ,n 2 ,n 3} is a positive integer, and the spatial periodicity of the lattice can be described by primitive cells and basis vectors.

[0077] Since phononic crystals have spatial periodicity and symmetry, the eigenfield of the system can be expressed as follows according to the BLOCH theorem:

[0078] u(x)=u k,n (x)e ik·x ;

[0079] Where: k is the wave vector, amplitude modulation function u k,n (x) Similarly for the lattice vector R n Has translational periodicity,

[0080] That is to satisfy:

[0081] uk,n (x+Rn)=u k,n (x);

[0082] At present, finite element software such as COMSOL has the function of setting Floquet periodic boundaries. Based on the elastic wave equation and Bloch theorem, the present invention illustrates the method of using COMSOL software to calculate the vibration band gap of phononic crystals through examples. The entire model is first discretized and then numerically analyzed. By integrating the mass matrix and stiffness matrix of each discretized unit model, the overall equilibrium equation can be obtained as follows:

[0083] (K-ω 2 M) U = F;

[0084] Among them, K is the stiffness matrix, which represents the stiffness characteristics of the material. M is the mass matrix, which represents the inertia characteristics of the system. U is the displacement vector, which represents the displacement of all points in the system. F is the external force vector, which represents the external force acting on the system.

[0085] To make every point in the phononic crystal unit satisfy the BLOCH theorem, it is only necessary to make the points on the boundary satisfy the BLOCH boundary conditions, that is:

[0086] u(r+a)=u(r)e i(k·a) ;

[0087] Where: a is the lattice constant, u(r+a) represents the displacement at position r+a, and u(r) represents the displacement at position r.

[0088] Expressing it as the displacement component of each node satisfies the formula:

[0089]

[0090] Where: u dst and u src They represent the target displacement and starting displacement of the unit node respectively. x, y, z represent the direction of displacement respectively, r dst -r scr represents the lattice constant.

[0091] Since the phononic crystal has certain point group symmetry characteristics, the BLOCH wave vector only needs to be taken on the boundary of the irreducible Brillouin zone. In the software, it is expressed by setting kx, ky and kz, and COMSOL is used to perform a parametric scan on the direction of the unit cell phononic crystal, such as Figure 3The band structure can be obtained by traversing the wave vector k through the M-Γ-XM boundary, and the direction is also parametrically scanned. The band structure diagrams of the single-cell phononic crystal in the plane and in the axial direction are obtained respectively. Specifically, the corresponding surface of the substrate plate of the conical cavity type phononic crystal damping plate is scanned. First, the two edges or boundaries in the x and y directions are taken as two source terms, and the relative edges or boundaries are selected as target terms, that is, the periodic boundary conditions are applied once in the x and y directions of the cell. Then, the setting of the wave vector k is added, k∈[0,3], the interval from 0 to 1 is defined as the wave number of the M-Γ edge, the interval from 1 to 2 is defined as the wave number of the Γ-X edge, the interval from 2 to 3 is defined as the wave number of the XM edge. In order to be consistent with the setting of the wave vector in the Floquet periodic boundary condition, k is decomposed into kx and ky. Next, a parametric scan is set for the wave vector, with a scanning range of 0 to 3 and a scanning step of 0.01, so that the wave vector can traverse once along the boundary of the first irreducible Brillouin zone M-Γ-XM of the two-dimensional cell. Finally, the corresponding eigenfrequency solver is selected for solution, that is, for each given k value, the corresponding eigenvalue equation can be solved. Figure 4 The complete band gap range of the shaded part is 30.06Hz to 71.45Hz. In the modeling, the influence of different physical parameters on the band gap is analyzed by controlling a single variable. At the same time, the transmissibility of the vibration damping plate structure under different period numbers is also analyzed.

[0092] The relationship between different physical parameters and the band gap is simulated by using a genetic algorithm (GA). The design parameters are optimized through crossover, mutation, and selection operations. This is suitable for searching a large range of design spaces, and ultimately the best parameter solution is obtained. The most suitable structural design for a specific application scenario is found, and the effect of the vibration damping plate is optimized.

[0093] The specific process is as follows: Design the initial model: First, establish the mathematical model of the vibration damping plate, including structural parameters, vibration sources and vibration reduction targets. Vibration monitoring and data collection: Deploy vibration sensors to monitor the data of the vibration environment in real time, especially information such as vibration frequency, amplitude and direction.

[0094] Input data: The real-time vibration data collected by the sensor is input into the optimization system.

[0095] Algorithm optimization: Based on the real data and optimization goals, the intelligent optimization algorithm begins to search for the optimal design. At this time, the optimization algorithm continuously adjusts the parameters of the structure (such as cavity size, material selection, hierarchical structure, etc.) to improve the vibration reduction effect.

[0096] After the optimization algorithm outputs the best design solution, the system updates the design of the vibration reduction structure and evaluates the new design.

[0097] Continuous feedback and optimization: As the environment changes, the system continuously obtains feedback data from sensors, and the intelligent optimization algorithm optimizes again to ensure continuous improvement in vibration reduction effects.

[0098] Determine the design variables: Select several characteristic dimensions that affect the vibration transfer characteristics of the conical cavity phononic crystal damping plate as design variables for parametric modeling, such as Figure 7 As shown, the design variables include the thickness e and side length a of the base plate. The parameters of the upper and lower base plates are consistent. The upper rubber layer has an outer diameter r1, an inner diameter r2, and a thickness h1. The upper scatterer lead block has an outer diameter r3, an inner diameter r4, and a thickness h2. The lower scatterer lead block has an outer diameter r5, an inner diameter r6, and a thickness h3. The lower rubber layer has an outer diameter r7, an inner diameter r8, and a thickness h4.

[0099] Determine the constraints, comprehensively consider the design requirements and actual situation of the conical cavity type phononic crystal damping plate, mainly the parameter design of the cavity, the design variable r = [r1 r2 r3 r4 r5 r6 r7 r8] T , h=[h1 h2 h3 h4] T , where T represents transposition; the following conditions must be met: r min ≤ri≤r max , i=1~7,h min ≤hi≤h max , i = 1 to 4, where r min r max h min h max are the lower and upper limits of the design variables. From the design requirements of the vibration damping plate, we can know that the plate must provide sufficient support and the overall structure should have a certain rigidity. At the same time, due to the limitations of shape and size, the value range of each design variable must be reasonable.

[0100] Determine the objective function. For the band gap optimization research of phononic crystals, the optimization objectives are often to maximize the relative band gap width, maximize the absolute band gap width, and the specific band gap center frequency. The present invention mainly uses low-frequency vibration damping and isolation plates as the application background. Considering that in practical applications, phononic crystals with expected band gaps are usually designed for vibration reduction needs in specific frequency bands for specific occasions, and at the same time, the needs of lightweight structural design are often taken into account. Therefore, the present invention takes the widest band gap and the smallest structural mass in a specific frequency band as the optimization objectives, and defines these two objective functions as: F1(r,h)=M; F2(r,h)=fn.

[0101] The genetic model of the optimization problem is:

[0102]

[0103] Among them, Find(·) represents the optimization function.

[0104] The target vibration reduction range is input as (0, 100 Hz), and the vibration reduction plate is optimized and analyzed by using COMSOL simulation analysis technology to determine the influence of each design variable on the objective function. Figure 6 The optimal solution of the genetic algorithm for calculating the structural parameters is obtained to obtain a band gap range of 30.06Hz to 71.45Hz, that is, Figure 4 The shaded area has a bandwidth of 41.45 Hz. When the period n is 10, refer to Figure 5 , the maximum transmission loss is 67.8dB, the vibration reduction effect is good, the specific parameters are shown in Table 1:

[0105] Table 1 Structural parameters of vibration damping plate

[0106]

[0107] Referring to Table 2, the combination of material selection and multi-layer composite structure: Traditional phononic crystals mostly use homogeneous materials or relatively simple hierarchical structures. The present invention further improves the vibration reduction effect by using multi-layer composite materials. Materials such as rubber, lead blocks and epoxy resin each have different physical properties. The rubber layer provides good elasticity and can flexibly absorb vibrations; the high density of the lead block enhances the vibration isolation effect; and the epoxy resin matrix provides a stable support structure and necessary mechanical strength. The different combinations of these materials enable phononic crystals to work effectively in a wider frequency band, especially in the low frequency band. The vibration damping plate of the present invention adopts a three-layer or four-layer composite structure. The physical properties and geometric shapes of each layer of material are carefully designed to synergistically improve the vibration reduction performance. For example, adding a tiny cavity between the rubber layer and the lead block increases the propagation path of the vibration and further enhances the depth and width of the band gap.

[0108] Table 2 Material parameters

[0109]

[0110] In general, the reduction of low-frequency vibrations has always been a difficulty in traditional vibration reduction technology. In particular, traditional materials and structures are often unable to effectively isolate vibrations in the 0-100Hz frequency band. The present invention achieves efficient isolation in the low-frequency band through the following innovations: Localized resonant band gap: The design of the phononic crystal forms a specific low-frequency band gap by optimizing the size and geometry of the resonant cell. The band gap range is precisely adjusted to 0-100Hz, thereby effectively isolating the vibration in this frequency band. Multi-band vibration reduction effect: In addition to the low-frequency band of 0-100Hz, the structure of the present invention can also form multiple band gaps by adjusting parameters to provide multi-band vibration reduction effects, which is very important for complex vibration environments. Through these innovations, the present invention can not only solve the shortcomings of traditional technology in low-frequency vibration reduction, but also provide a flexible, intelligent and customized vibration reduction solution with extremely high engineering application value.

[0111] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A conical cavity type phononic crystal vibration damping plate, characterized in that: include: Several local resonance type phononic crystal units are periodically arranged in the horizontal direction; The phononic crystal unit cell comprises an epoxy resin substrate plate, a rubber layer and a scatterer lead block which are symmetrically arranged up and down; The epoxy resin substrate plate comprises an upper substrate plate and a lower substrate plate; The rubber layer comprises an upper rubber layer and a lower rubber layer; The scatterer lead block includes an upper scatterer lead block and a lower scatterer lead block; The upper base plate, the upper rubber layer, the upper scatterer lead block, the lower scatterer lead block, the lower rubber layer and the lower base plate are connected in sequence from top to bottom; The rubber layer and the scatterer lead block are connected up and down in the form of a cylindrical cavity, with a total of four layers. The middle two layers are scatterer lead blocks, and the upper and lower two layers are rubber layers. The cavity is sealed by bonding with an epoxy resin matrix plate.

2. A conical cavity type phononic crystal damping plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radius of the rubber layer and the scatterer lead block and the radius and height of their cavities are all adjustable.

3. The conical cavity type phononic crystal vibration damping plate according to claim 2 or claim 1, characterized in that: The epoxy resin substrate plate is square, and its size and thickness are adjustable.

4. The conical cavity type phononic crystal vibration damping plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The epoxy resin substrate plate is a square plate; The rubber layer and the scatterer lead block are in the shape of an annular cavity.

5. The conical cavity type phononic crystal vibration damping plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameters of the upper rubber layer, the upper scatterer lead block, the lower scatterer lead block and the lower rubber layer gradually increase from top to bottom, and the inner diameters gradually decrease, presenting an inverted cone-shaped cavity.

6. The conical cavity type phononic crystal vibration damping plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side length of the upper base plate: the thickness of the upper base plate: the outer diameter of the upper rubber layer: the inner diameter of the upper rubber layer: the thickness of the upper rubber layer: the outer diameter of the upper scatterer lead block: the inner diameter of the upper scatterer lead block: the thickness of the upper scatterer lead block: the outer diameter of the lower scatterer lead block: the inner diameter of the lower scatterer lead block: the thickness of the lower scatterer lead block: the side length of the lower base plate: the thickness of the lower base plate = 85:5:25:20:20:30:15:20:35:10:20:40:5:20:85:

5.

7. A method for intelligently customizing a conical cavity type phononic crystal vibration damping plate, used for a conical cavity type phononic crystal vibration damping plate as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method comprises: Step S1: constructing a model based on the elastic wave equation and Bloch's theorem to simulate the phononic crystal cell; Step S2: scanning the phononic crystal cell; Step S3: obtaining an energy band structure diagram of a phononic crystal unit cell and obtaining a band gap from the energy band structure diagram; Step S4: defining the design variables of the phononic crystal cell; Step S5: setting constraints of design variables; Step S6: setting an objective function with the widest band gap and the smallest structural mass in a specific frequency range as the optimization goal, setting the range of the specific frequency range to 0 to 100 Hz, and obtaining the optimal phononic crystal cell design variables through the objective function.

8. The method for intelligently customizing a conical cavity type phononic crystal vibration damping plate according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step S6 specifically adjusts the design variables of the phononic crystal of the vibration damping plate, changes the starting frequency, cutoff frequency, and band gap width of the band gap, and optimizes the best parameters for the target vibration damping range.

Images