Twin operation and control method and system for lunar nuclear reactor power supply

Abstract

The present invention discloses a lunar nuclear reactor power supply twin operation and control method and system, relating to the technical field of digital twins for space nuclear reactor power supplies. The present invention receives lunar nuclear reactor power supply sensor measurement data as input or correction conditions for simulation calculations; calculates the operating status of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply based on the received sensor measurement data, and implements fault warnings through a data-driven algorithm. If a fault is found, a neural network control algorithm is used to automatically generate fault control instructions, which are sent to a pre-built simulated reactor power supply for verification; depending on the verification status of the simulated reactor power supply, the control instructions are sent to the lunar nuclear reactor power supply via an uplink communication link, or control instruction optimization is performed on the ground; based on digital twin technology, the present invention implements lunar nuclear reactor power supply status monitoring, fault warning, control support and other operation and maintenance functions on the ground, thereby achieving full life cycle safety assurance for the space nuclear reactor power supply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of digital twin technology for space nuclear reactor power supplies, and specifically to a twin operation and control method for a lunar nuclear reactor power supply. Background Art

[0002] As a highly efficient and long-lasting energy supply technology, space nuclear reactor power supply has the characteristics of high energy density, long service life, strong environmental adaptability, and autonomous operation. It can achieve power output from kilowatts to megawatts. It is particularly suitable for space missions that have difficulty in obtaining solar energy or have instantaneous high-power energy requirements. It is the preferred power source for building a lunar base.

[0003] Current research mainly focuses on the development and optimization of hardware prototypes for space reactor power supplies, while research on operation and maintenance systems is relatively limited. Traditional nuclear reactor operation and maintenance mainly relies on power plant operators and distributed control systems (DCS). However, traditional methods are insufficient in environmental adaptability, prediction depth, and intelligence level for the special environment of the lunar surface. Moreover, it is difficult to achieve long-term manned operation at a lunar base, and it is also difficult to build a complex DCS system on the lunar surface. Therefore, the present invention proposes a twin operation and control method and system for lunar nuclear reactor power supplies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a twin operation and control method and system for a lunar nuclear reactor power supply, and to realize real-time status monitoring, fault warning and control support of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply based on digital twin technology.

[0005] According to a second aspect of the present invention, in order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a lunar nuclear reactor power supply twin operation and control method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Receive lunar nuclear reactor power sensor measurement data as input or correction conditions for simulation calculations;

[0007] The operating status of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply is calculated based on the received sensor measurement data, and fault warning is implemented through a data-driven algorithm. If a fault is found, a neural network control algorithm is used to automatically generate fault control instructions and send them to a pre-built simulated reactor power supply for verification;

[0008] Based on the verification results of the simulated reactor power supply, determine whether the fault control command is feasible. If feasible, send the fault control command to the lunar nuclear reactor power supply through the uplink communication link. If not feasible, optimize the fault control command using the control algorithm based on the verification results.

[0009] Construct a visualization platform and use it to observe the calculation of lunar nuclear reactor power supply, fault control instruction generation, fault control instruction verification results and optimization process.

[0010] Furthermore, the data measured by the lunar nuclear reactor power supply sensor include core temperature, heat pipe cold / hot end temperature, temperature difference / Stirling type thermoelectric converter cold / hot end temperature, radiation heat sink surface temperature, output electric power, etc.

[0011] Furthermore, the measurement data of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply sensor is received as input or correction conditions for performing simulation calculations, as follows:

[0012] (31) Sensors are deployed in the lunar nuclear reactor power system using a combination of invasive and non-invasive methods. Their deployment locations are tested and optimized using a pre-built simulated reactor power supply.

[0013] (32) The data collected by the sensor is transmitted wirelessly to the lunar surface information processing unit, and is filtered, compressed and stored in the data storage chip;

[0014] (33) The stored data is sent to the lunar orbit communication relay satellite via the lunar surface communication base station, and then sent to the ground twin operation and control platform. After analysis, the original measurement data can be obtained.

[0015] Furthermore, the operating status of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply is calculated based on the received sensor measurement data, and fault warning is implemented through a data-driven algorithm. If a fault is found, a neural network control algorithm is used to automatically generate fault control instructions and send them to the simulated reactor power supply for verification. The details are as follows:

[0016] (41) pre-processing the received measurement data, and using the pre-processed measurement data as input conditions for a pre-built “digital stack power supply”;

[0017] (42) Perform multi-physics coupling calculations on the space nuclear reactor power supply, and combine the real-time data transmitted back to provide the actual operation calculation of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply;

[0018] (43) Combined with real-time feedback data, perform real-time status calculation and fault warning, and provide input conditions for the control module;

[0019] (44) Based on the safety diagnosis input, a control method based on a neural network is used to generate control instructions, and the control instructions are executed in a fully automatic or semi-automatic manner.

[0020] Furthermore, we perform multi-physics coupling calculations on the space nuclear reactor power supply and, combined with the real-time data transmitted back, provide the actual operation calculations of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply, as follows:

[0021] (51) Simplify the physical design to obtain a geometric model or geometric information suitable for multi-physics field coupling calculations;

[0022] (52) Considering the integrated coupling relationship of multiple components and multiple physical fields of a space nuclear reactor power source, a multi-physics coupling model including neutron physics, core heat transfer, structural mechanics, heat pipe / coolant heat transfer, thermoelectric conversion, and radiation heat dissipation models is constructed;

[0023] (53) Based on fully implicit internal coupling, C++ or Python programming language, and hybrid distributed parallel computing with MPI and OpenMP, the refined multi-physics coupling calculation of the power supply of space heat pipe reactor is carried out.

[0024] Furthermore, combined with real-time feedback data, real-time status calculation and fault warning are performed to provide input conditions for the control module, as follows:

[0025] (61) The main features are extracted from the preprocessed data, including the mean, standard deviation, maximum, minimum value of the field parameters such as core temperature, strain, and reactivity, as well as the rate of change of core thermal power and output electric power. The principal component analysis method is used to reduce the dimension of the features to form the training set and validation set of the model. The calculation method of PCA is shown in formula (1):

[0026] Z=XW (1)

[0027] Where X is the input centralized data matrix; W is the principal component matrix; Z is the data matrix after dimensionality reduction;

[0028] (62) An artificial neural network was selected to train the model, and K-fold cross validation was used to evaluate the model to ensure its generalization ability:

[0029]

[0030] Among them, K is the number of mutually exclusive subsets split from the data set; E k is the mean square error of the k-fold model; E is the average error of K-fold cross validation;

[0031] (63) Inputting the real-time data back into the trained model to calculate whether the non-sensor measurement area or non-measurement parameters are within the normal range in the current and future period, and performing real-time status monitoring and prediction;

[0032] (64) During the state prediction process, the prediction results are compared with the normal operating threshold or safety range set by the system. If a prediction result exceeds the normal operating threshold or safety range, it is marked as abnormal;

[0033] (65) Multi-parameter analysis is performed on abnormal conditions, and a combination of Bayesian networks and expert system rules is used to carry out fault diagnosis, determine the fault type and possible causes, and provide input for the control support module.

[0034] Furthermore, based on the verification results of the simulated reactor power supply, it is determined whether the fault control instruction is feasible. If feasible, the fault control instruction is sent to the lunar nuclear reactor power supply through the uplink communication link. If not feasible, the fault control instruction is optimized using a control algorithm based on the verification results, as follows:

[0035] (51) Transmitting control instructions via a ground optical fiber dedicated line to a ground simulated nuclear reactor power supply to verify the control effect and determine whether the control instructions are effective based on whether the core thermal power, reactivity, and output electrical power parameters meet expectations;

[0036] (52) If the control effect meets expectations, the execution command upload is executed, the control command is converted into a binary command, and sent by the ground communication station to the lunar orbit relay satellite, and then the command is transmitted to the lunar communication base station, and finally reaches the lunar nuclear reactor power control unit to execute the corresponding control command;

[0037] (53) If the control effect does not meet expectations, the ground twin operation and control platform analyzes the reasons for the control effect deviation and optimizes the fault control instructions based on the analysis results, iterating until the control effect meets expectations.

[0038] Furthermore, 6. a visualization platform was constructed to observe the calculation of lunar nuclear reactor power supply, generation of fault control instructions, verification results of fault control instructions, and optimization process, as follows:

[0039] (61) Rendering the geometric structure and scene of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply and the ground simulation reactor power supply based on their design schemes, and displaying them in multiple forms such as large screen, virtual reality, and augmented reality;

[0040] (62) After receiving the measurement data stream, it is stored in the ground data center and then read by the visualization platform for real-time rendering, showing the interaction between software and hardware, ground and space data, and dynamically displaying the operating status of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply, and providing an interface for operation and maintenance personnel to intervene in the above process;

[0041] (63) In case of fault warning, the system will issue an alarm in the form of screen + sound, and automatically execute control instruction generation and optimization.

[0042] According to a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a lunar nuclear reactor power supply twin operation and control system for implementing the above-mentioned lunar nuclear reactor power supply twin operation and control method, comprising a lunar nuclear reactor power supply and a ground twin operation and control platform;

[0043] The ground twin operation and control platform includes:

[0044] The analog stack power supply subsystem is used to receive the fault control instructions generated by the digital stack power supply subsystem and verify the control effect of the fault control instructions;

[0045] The digital reactor power subsystem is used to calculate the operating status of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply based on the received sensor measurement data. It also implements fault warning through data-driven algorithms. If a fault is detected, it automatically generates fault control instructions using a neural network control algorithm. Specifically, it includes the following four subsystems:

[0046] A simulation calculation subsystem, used for performing simulation calculations based on received measurement data;

[0047] The data acquisition and transmission subsystem is used to receive the measurement data of the lunar nuclear reactor power sensor as input or correction conditions;

[0048] The control and decision support subsystem is used to determine whether the fault control instruction is feasible based on the verification results of the simulated reactor power supply. If feasible, the fault control instruction is sent to the lunar nuclear reactor power supply through the uplink communication link. If not feasible, the fault control instruction is optimized using the control algorithm based on the verification results.

[0049] The visualization subsystem is used to build a visualization platform, which is used to observe the calculation of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply, the generation of fault control instructions, the verification results of fault control instructions and the optimization process.

[0050] Furthermore, the data acquisition and transmission subsystem includes a data acquisition module, a data processing and storage module, and a data transmission module, wherein the data acquisition module is configured as a plurality of sensors and is arranged in the lunar nuclear reactor power supply;

[0051] The simulation computing subsystem includes a numerical computing module based on physical models, a fast computing module based on data drive, a software interface module combining software and hardware, and a digital twin module for correcting measured data.

[0052] The simulated reactor power supply subsystem includes a ground reactor power supply module, an environmental simulation module, and a load simulation module;

[0053] The control and decision support subsystem includes intelligent prediction and diagnosis module, control strategy optimization module and execution module;

[0054] The visualization subsystem includes data management module, user interface module and human-computer interaction module.

[0055] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0056] The present invention provides a method for operating, maintaining and managing lunar nuclear reactor power supplies on the ground based on digital twin technology, providing status monitoring, fault warning and decision support for space reactor safety management, and providing full life cycle safety protection for the reactor power control system. The present invention combines the existing ground twin operation and control system and the autonomous control system of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply with each other, which can provide double protection for the engineering application of nuclear reactor power supplies and assist the first nuclear reactor power supply engineering application of the International Lunar Research Station. In actual engineering applications, compared with the existing technology, the present invention still needs to overcome technical difficulties such as high-precision multi-scale multi-physics coupling simulation, complex multi-physics field coupling real-time calculation, advanced sensor and multi-source data fusion algorithm, and dynamic update and adaptation of digital twin models.

[0057] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the flow of the operation control method of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the operation control principle of the operation control method of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the operation control system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0062] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a lunar nuclear reactor power supply twin operation and control method, comprising the following steps:

[0063] S1. Receive the lunar nuclear reactor power sensor measurement data as input or correction conditions for simulation calculations, as follows:

[0064] S11. Sensors shall be deployed in the lunar nuclear reactor power system using a combination of intrusive and non-intrusive methods. Their deployment locations shall be tested and optimized using the ground-based twin operation and control platform to ensure that the impact on the weight and volume of the entire power system is minimized.

[0065] S12. The collected data is wirelessly transmitted to the lunar intelligent information processing unit, filtered, compressed, and stored in a data storage chip.

[0066] S13. The stored data is transmitted via the lunar surface communication base station to a lunar orbit communication relay satellite, and then to a ground receiving station. After analysis, the raw measurement data is obtained.

[0067] It should be noted that the measured data include core temperature, core deformation, heat pipe cold / hot end temperature, temperature difference / Stirling type thermoelectric converter cold / hot end temperature, radiator surface temperature, output power, etc.

[0068] S2. Calculate the operating status of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply based on the received sensor measurement data and implement fault warnings through a data-driven algorithm. If a fault is detected, a neural network control algorithm is used to automatically generate fault control instructions and send them to a pre-built simulated reactor power supply for verification. The details are as follows:

[0069] S21. Preprocess the received measurement data, including data cleaning, classification, time series processing, normalization, and standardization, and use the preprocessed measurement data as input conditions for the pre-built "digital stack power supply";

[0070] S22. Perform multi-physics coupling calculations on the space nuclear reactor power supply and, combined with the real-time data transmitted back, provide a calculation of the actual operation of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply. The specific steps are as follows:

[0071] S221. Simplify the physical design to obtain a geometric model or geometric information suitable for multi-physics field coupling calculations;

[0072] S222. Consider the integrated coupling relationship between multiple components and multiple physical fields of a space nuclear reactor power source, and construct a multi-physics coupling model that includes models for neutron physics, core heat transfer, structural mechanics, heat pipe / coolant heat transfer, thermoelectric conversion, and radiation heat dissipation.

[0073] S223. Conduct refined multi-physics coupling calculations for space heat pipe reactor power supplies, primarily using fully implicit internal coupling, programming in languages ​​such as C++ and Python, and hybrid distributed parallel computing using MPI and OpenMP.

[0074] S23. Combine the real-time feedback data to perform real-time status calculations and fault warnings, providing input conditions for the control module. The specific steps are as follows:

[0075] S231. Extract the main features from the preprocessed data, including the mean, standard deviation, maximum, minimum values ​​of field parameters such as core temperature, strain, and reactivity, as well as the rate of change of core thermal power and output electric power. Use methods such as principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce the dimension of the features to form the training set and validation set of the model. The calculation method of PCA is shown in formula (1):

[0076] Z=XW (1)

[0077] Where X is the input centralized data matrix; W is the principal component matrix; Z is the data matrix after dimensionality reduction;

[0078] S232. Select an artificial neural network (ANN) to train the model and use K-fold cross validation (as shown in formula (2)) to evaluate the model to ensure its generalization ability:

[0079]

[0080] Among them, K is the number of mutually exclusive subsets split from the data set; E k is the mean square error of the k-fold model; E is the average error of K-fold cross validation;

[0081] S233. The real-time data returned is input into the trained model to calculate whether the non-sensor measurement area or non-measurement parameters are within the normal range in the current and future periods, and to perform real-time status monitoring and prediction;

[0082] S234. During the state prediction process, the prediction results are compared with the normal operating threshold or safety range set by the system. Once a prediction result exceeds the normal operating threshold or safety range, it is marked as abnormal;

[0083] S235. Perform multi-parameter analysis on abnormal conditions, using a combination of Bayesian networks and expert system rules to conduct fault diagnosis, determine the fault type and possible cause, and provide input to the control support module;

[0084] S24. Based on the safety diagnostic input, a neural network-based control method is used to generate control instructions, and the control instructions are executed in a fully automatic or semi-automatic manner;

[0085] S3. Based on the verification results of the simulated reactor power supply, determine whether the fault control command is feasible. If feasible, send the fault control command to the lunar nuclear reactor power supply via the uplink communication link. If not feasible, optimize the fault control command using a control algorithm based on the verification results, as follows:

[0086] S31. Based on the output of the control algorithm and the experience of ground operation and maintenance personnel, the control action sequence is modified from a safety perspective.

[0087] S32. Transmit the control command via a dedicated optical fiber line on the ground to the ground-based simulated nuclear reactor power supply to verify the control effect. The effectiveness of the control command is determined by whether the core thermal power, reactivity, and output electrical power parameters meet expectations. To ensure the timeliness of the control effect, the ground-based simulated nuclear reactor power supply must be started earlier than the lunar nuclear reactor power supply.

[0088] If the control effect meets expectations, the command upload is executed. The control command is converted into a binary command, which is sent by the ground communication station to the lunar orbit relay satellite. The command is then transmitted to the lunar communication base station and finally reaches the lunar nuclear reactor power control unit, which executes the corresponding control command.

[0089] If the control effect does not meet expectations, the ground twin operation and control platform analyzes the cause of the control effect deviation and optimizes the faulty control instructions based on the analysis results, iterating until the control effect meets expectations.

[0090] S4. Build a visualization platform to observe the calculation of lunar nuclear reactor power, generation of fault control instructions, verification results of fault control instructions, and optimization process. It also provides an interface for operations and maintenance personnel to intervene in specific processes. The details are as follows:

[0091] S41. Render the geometric structure and scene of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply and the ground-based simulated reactor power supply based on their design proposals, and display them in multiple formats such as large screens, virtual reality, and augmented reality.

[0092] S42. After receiving the measurement data stream, it is stored in the ground data center and then read by the visualization platform for real-time rendering, showing the interaction between software and hardware, ground and space data, and dynamically displaying the operating status of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply;

[0093] S43. In case of a fault warning, an alarm will be given in screen + sound mode, and the system will automatically connect to the ground twin operation and control platform to execute control instructions and their optimization, and allow operation and maintenance personnel to intervene in the above S1 to S4 processes.

[0094] Next, the technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0095] The operation and control method described in this embodiment mainly involves the ground twin operation and control platform, the lunar nuclear reactor power supply and other auxiliary systems. The reactor power supply twin operation and control platform includes software and hardware parts. The software part mainly realizes the state prediction, fault warning and control instruction generation of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply through geometric and environmental modeling, numerical simulation, artificial intelligence and other means. It can also be called a "digital reactor power supply"; the hardware part is mainly a ground simulation reactor power supply. By simulating its operating environment and load characteristics on the ground, a device that is almost the same as the lunar nuclear reactor power supply is created. It can also be called a "companion" reactor power supply. Its startup time is earlier than that of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply. The purpose is to leave enough time for the verification process of the control instructions, thereby improving the timeliness of fault warning and control. Other auxiliary systems mainly include ground supercomputers, ground communication systems, lunar communication systems and other modules that perform data collection and transmission;

[0096] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the ground twin operation and control platform primarily consists of a ground-based digital space reactor power supply and a ground-based simulated reactor power supply. Measurement data from various sensors within the lunar nuclear reactor power supply system is transmitted to the ground twin operation and control platform via a downlink communication link, providing calculation input or correction conditions for the ground twin operation and control platform. The ground twin operation and control platform's digital reactor power supply calculates the lunar nuclear reactor power supply status in real time and implements fault warnings through intelligent algorithms. If a fault is detected, control instructions are automatically generated and sent to the ground twin operation and control platform's simulated reactor power supply for verification. If the control algorithm is confirmed to be feasible, the ground twin operation and control platform generates control instructions and automatically or semi-automatically transmits them to the lunar nuclear reactor power supply via an uplink communication link. If not, the ground twin operation and control platform optimizes the control algorithm based on the control results.

[0097] Example 2:

[0098] like Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides a lunar nuclear reactor power supply twin operation and control system, which is used to implement the lunar nuclear reactor power supply twin operation and control method described in Example 1, including a lunar nuclear reactor power supply and a ground twin operation and control platform;

[0099] The ground twin operation and control platform includes:

[0100] The analog stack power supply subsystem is used to receive the fault control instructions generated by the digital stack power supply subsystem and verify the control effect of the fault control instructions;

[0101] The digital reactor power subsystem is used to calculate the operating status of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply based on the received sensor measurement data, and to implement fault warnings through intelligent algorithms. If a fault is detected, a control algorithm is used to automatically generate fault control instructions. Specifically, it includes the following four subsystems:

[0102] A simulation calculation subsystem, used for performing simulation calculations based on received measurement data;

[0103] The data acquisition and transmission subsystem is used to receive the measurement data of the lunar nuclear reactor power sensor as input or correction conditions;

[0104] The control and decision support subsystem is used to determine whether the fault control instruction is feasible based on the verification results of the simulated reactor power supply. If feasible, the fault control instruction is sent to the lunar nuclear reactor power supply through the uplink communication link. If not feasible, the fault control instruction is optimized using the control algorithm based on the verification results.

[0105] The visualization subsystem is used to build a visualization platform, which is used to observe the calculation of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply, the generation of fault control instructions, the verification results of fault control instructions and the optimization process, and provides an interface for operation and maintenance personnel to intervene in the above process.

[0106] Furthermore, the data acquisition and transmission subsystem includes a data acquisition module, a data processing and storage module, and a data transmission module. It is the subsystem that executes the data transmission between the ground and space of the twin operation and control platform and is the key to synchronizing the status of the ground and lunar sides. The data acquisition module is composed of multiple advanced sensors and is arranged in the reactor power system. It is necessary to consider the weight and volume limitations of the sensors to avoid adding more burdens to the payload weight, and to consider the arrangement method to avoid increasing safety risks to the normal operation of the reactor power system. The sensor configuration of the original reactor power control system should be minimized to achieve non-invasive measurement as much as possible.

[0107] The onboard data processing module mainly performs data compression tasks and generally uses FPGA such as 690T and 325T; the onboard data storage module generally uses FLASH memory or AI chip, such as YULONG810A, which can perform operations such as compression and storage; ground-side data processing mainly performs parsing, cleaning and other operations, and generally uses GPU servers; the onboard data transmission module refers to the encoding, modulation, amplification, antenna transmission system, etc.

[0108] The simulation computing subsystem includes a numerical calculation module based on physical models, a data-driven fast calculation module, a software interface module combining software and hardware, and a digital twin module for correcting measured data. Its overall form is a software system. The simulation computing subsystem is the key to achieving the "knowability" of the reactor power status in the ground operation and maintenance management system. The so-called "knowability" means real-time grasp of parameters related to reactor operation safety, including temperature, power, reactivity, stress, strain and other parameters. This requires calculation and analysis of the reactor based on existing mathematical and physical models, or solving certain problems where the physical laws are unclear through data-driven methods. At the same time, simulation calculations usually assume boundary conditions to analyze a problem, but the actual operation situation may not be completely consistent with the assumed boundary conditions. Therefore, some data needs to be fed back in real time to update the boundary conditions. In addition, the residual between the simulation calculation results and the actual operation status can also be used as the basis for data-driven algorithm learning, thereby continuously correcting the data-driven algorithm and forming a continuously evolving, self-learning digital twin model.

[0109] The simulated reactor power subsystem includes a ground reactor power module, an environmental simulation module, and a load simulation module. It consists of six parts: a ground environment simulation device, a reactor body, a radiation shield, a thermoelectric conversion system, a waste heat discharge system, and an automatic control system. It is a device that is almost identical to the lunar nuclear reactor power supply by simulating its operating environment (including thermal environment, vacuum environment, etc.) and load characteristics on the ground. It can also be called a "companion" reactor power supply. Its startup time is earlier than that of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply. The purpose is to leave enough time for the verification of control instructions, thereby improving the timeliness of fault warning and control.

[0110] The control and decision support subsystem, which includes an intelligent prediction and diagnosis module, a control strategy optimization module, and an execution module, is key to the twin operation and control platform's ability to predict reactor status and ensure safe control. The intelligent prediction and diagnosis module will conduct research on intelligent algorithms such as deep learning and machine learning based on reactor power supply operating data, provide fault warning and safety diagnosis functions, and provide input conditions for the control module. The control strategy optimization and execution module will mainly calculate the corresponding control strategy and execution instructions based on the safety diagnosis input, and execute the control instructions in a fully or semi-automatic manner.

[0111] The visualization subsystem includes a data management module, a user interface module, and a human-computer interaction module. By visually displaying the operating status of physical and virtual entities, as well as the data transmission process, in the operation and maintenance control hall, the visualization subsystem allows operators to intuitively understand the system's operating status and provides an interface for them to intervene in these processes. The system primarily consists of the data management module, the user interface module, and the human-computer interaction module. It supports geometric modeling and physical field display in various dimensions, and features advanced visualization capabilities such as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR).

[0112] In summary, the present invention can realize real-time status monitoring, fault warning and control support of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply through the ground twin operation and control platform, the lunar nuclear reactor power supply and other auxiliary systems, which is an important means to ensure the success of the nuclear reactor engineering mission of the International Lunar Research Station.

[0113] Example 3:

[0114] Specifically, the above-mentioned data acquisition and transmission subsystem, simulation calculation subsystem, control and decision support subsystem and visualization subsystem can be partially embedded in the computer processing system. The computer calls the above-mentioned modules to complete the tasks of status monitoring, fault warning and control support of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply based on the above-mentioned lunar nuclear reactor power supply twin operation and control method; the above-mentioned data acquisition and transmission subsystem, simulation calculation subsystem, simulated reactor power supply subsystem, control and decision support subsystem and visualization subsystem can perform operations according to the specific steps given in the above-mentioned lunar nuclear reactor power supply twin operation and control method.

[0115] It should be noted that it should be understood that the division of the various modules of the above system is only a division of logical functions. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into one physical entity, or they can be physically separated. Moreover, these modules can all be implemented in the form of software called by processing elements; they can also all be implemented in the form of hardware; some modules can also be implemented in the form of processing elements calling software, and some modules can be implemented in the form of hardware. For example, the data acquisition and transmission subsystem can be a separately established processing element, or it can be integrated into a chip of the above-mentioned device. In addition, it can also be stored in the memory of the above-mentioned device in the form of program code, and called and executed by a processing element of the above-mentioned device to perform the functions of the above-mentioned signal processing module. The implementation of other modules is similar. In addition, these modules can all or partly be integrated together, or they can be implemented independently. The processing element described here can be an integrated circuit with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method or each of the above modules can be completed by the hardware integrated logic circuit in the processor element or the instructions in the form of software.

[0116] For example, the above modules may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above methods, such as one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). For another example, when a module is implemented by scheduling program code through a processing element, the processing element may be a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or other processor that can call program code. For another example, these modules may be integrated together and implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC).

[0117] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0118] For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances. When an element is referred to as being "assembled on", "installed on", "fixed on" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there can be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "up", "down", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only embodiment.

[0119] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0120] Throughout this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "example," or "specific example" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, schematic representations of these terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Claims

1. A lunar nuclear reactor power twin control method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Receive lunar nuclear reactor power sensor measurement data as input or correction conditions for simulation calculations; The operating status of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply is calculated based on the received sensor measurement data, and fault warning is implemented through a data-driven algorithm. If a fault is found, a neural network control algorithm is used to automatically generate fault control instructions and send them to a pre-built simulated reactor power supply for verification; Based on the verification results of the simulated reactor power supply, determine whether the fault control command is feasible. If feasible, send the fault control command to the lunar nuclear reactor power supply through the uplink communication link. If not feasible, optimize the fault control command using the control algorithm based on the verification results. Construct a visualization platform and use it to observe the calculation of lunar nuclear reactor power supply, fault control instruction generation, fault control instruction verification results and optimization process.

2. The method for controlling the twin power supply of a lunar nuclear reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data measured by the lunar nuclear reactor power supply sensor include core temperature, core deformation, heat pipe cold / hot end temperature, temperature of the cold and hot ends of the thermoelectric converter / Stirling type, radiation heat sink surface temperature, and output electric power.

3. The method for controlling the twin power supply of a lunar nuclear reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: Receive the lunar nuclear reactor power sensor measurement data as input or correction conditions for simulation calculations, as follows: (31) Sensors are deployed in the lunar nuclear reactor power system using a combination of invasive and non-invasive methods, with their deployment locations tested and optimized using a pre-built simulated reactor power supply; (32) The data collected by the sensor is transmitted wirelessly to the lunar surface information processing unit, and is filtered, compressed and stored in the data storage chip; (33) The stored data is sent to the lunar orbit communication relay satellite via the lunar surface communication base station, and then sent to the ground twin operation and control platform. After analysis, the original measurement data can be obtained.

4. The method for controlling the twin power supply of a lunar nuclear reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The operating status of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply is calculated based on the received sensor measurement data, and fault warning is implemented through a data-driven algorithm. If a fault is found, a neural network control algorithm is used to automatically generate fault control instructions and send them to the simulated reactor power supply for verification. The details are as follows: (41) Preprocessing the received measurement data and using the preprocessed measurement data as input conditions for a pre-built "digital stack power supply"; (42) Perform multi-physics coupling calculations of space nuclear reactor power supplies and, combined with the real-time data transmitted back, provide calculations of the actual operation of lunar nuclear reactor power supplies; (43) Combined with real-time feedback data, perform real-time status calculation and fault warning, and provide input conditions for the control module; (44) Based on the safety diagnosis input, a neural network-based control method is used to generate control instructions, and the control instructions are executed in a fully automatic or semi-automatic manner.

5. The lunar nuclear reactor power supply twin control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Perform multi-physics coupling calculations on the space nuclear reactor power supply, and combine the real-time data transmitted back to provide the actual operation calculation of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply, as follows: (51) Simplify the physical design to obtain a geometric model or geometric information suitable for multi-physics field coupling calculations; (52) Considering the integrated coupling relationship of multiple components and multiple physical fields of a space nuclear reactor power source, a multi-physics coupling model including neutron physics, core heat transfer, structural mechanics, heat pipe / coolant heat transfer, thermoelectric conversion, and radiation heat dissipation models is constructed; (53) Based on fully implicit internal coupling, C++ or Python programming language, and hybrid distributed parallel computing with MPI and OpenMP, the refined multi-physics coupling calculation of the power supply of space heat pipe reactor is carried out.

6. The method for controlling the twin power supply of a lunar nuclear reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that: Combined with real-time feedback data, it performs real-time status calculations and fault warnings, providing input conditions for the control module, as follows: (61) The main features are extracted from the preprocessed data, including the mean, standard deviation, maximum, minimum values ​​of the field parameters such as core temperature, strain, and reactivity, as well as the rate of change of core thermal power and output electric power. The principal component analysis method is used to reduce the dimension of the features to form the training set and validation set of the model. The calculation method of PCA is shown in formula (1): （1） in, is the input centralized data matrix; is the principal component matrix; is the data matrix after dimensionality reduction; (62) Artificial neural network is selected to train the model. K Fold cross validation is used to evaluate the model to ensure its generalization ability: （2） in, K The number of mutually exclusive subsets that the dataset is split into; is the mean square error of the k-th fold model; E is the average error of K-fold cross validation; (63) Input the real-time data back into the trained model to calculate whether the non-sensor measurement area or non-measurement parameters are within the normal range in the current and future period, and perform real-time status monitoring and prediction; (64) During the state prediction process, the prediction results are compared with the normal operation threshold or safety range set by the system. If a prediction result exceeds the normal operation threshold or safety range, it is marked as abnormal; (65) Multi-parameter analysis is performed on abnormal conditions, and Bayesian networks are combined with expert system rules to carry out fault diagnosis, determine the fault type and possible causes, and provide input for the control support module.

7. The method for controlling the twin power supply of a lunar nuclear reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: Based on the verification results of the simulated reactor power supply, determine whether the fault control command is feasible. If feasible, the fault control command is sent to the lunar nuclear reactor power supply through the uplink communication link. If not feasible, the fault control command is optimized using the control algorithm based on the verification results, as follows: (51) Transmitting control instructions via a ground optical fiber dedicated line to a ground-based simulated nuclear reactor power supply to verify the control effect and determine whether the control instructions are effective based on whether the core thermal power, reactivity, and output electrical power parameters meet expectations; (52) If the control effect meets expectations, the execution command upload is carried out, the control command is converted into a binary command, and sent by the ground communication station to the lunar orbit relay satellite, and then the command is transmitted to the lunar communication base station, and finally reaches the lunar nuclear reactor power control unit to execute the corresponding control command; (53) If the control effect does not meet expectations, the ground twin operation and control platform analyzes the reasons for the control effect deviation and optimizes the fault control instructions based on the analysis results, iterating until the control effect meets expectations.

8. The method for controlling the twin power supply of a lunar nuclear reactor according to claim 7, characterized in that: Construct a visualization platform and use it to observe the calculation of lunar nuclear reactor power supply, fault control instruction generation, fault control instruction verification results and optimization process, as follows: (61) Render the geometric structure and scene of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply and the ground simulation reactor power supply according to the design scheme, and display them in multiple forms such as large screen, virtual reality and augmented reality; (62) After receiving the measurement data stream, it is stored in the ground data center and then read by the visualization platform for real-time rendering, showing the interactive status of software-hardware and ground-space data, and dynamically displaying the operating status of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply; (63) In case of a fault warning, the system will issue an alarm in the form of screen + sound, and automatically connect to the ground twin operation and control platform to execute control instructions and their optimization, and allow operation and maintenance personnel to intervene in the above process.

9. A lunar nuclear reactor power supply twin operation and control system, used to implement the lunar nuclear reactor power supply twin operation and control method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Including lunar nuclear reactor power supply and ground twin operation and control platform; The ground twin operation and control platform includes: The analog stack power supply subsystem is used to receive the fault control instructions generated by the digital stack power supply subsystem and verify the control effect of the fault control instructions; The digital reactor power subsystem is used to calculate the operating status of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply based on the received sensor measurement data, and to implement fault warnings through intelligent algorithms. If a fault is detected, the control algorithm is used to automatically generate fault control instructions. Specifically, it includes the following four subsystems: A simulation calculation subsystem, used for performing simulation calculations based on received measurement data; The data acquisition and transmission subsystem is used to receive the measurement data of the lunar nuclear reactor power sensor as input or correction conditions; The control and decision support subsystem is used to determine whether the fault control instruction is feasible based on the verification results of the simulated reactor power supply. If feasible, the fault control instruction is sent to the lunar nuclear reactor power supply through the uplink communication link. If not feasible, the fault control instruction is optimized using the control algorithm based on the verification results. The visualization subsystem is used to build a visualization platform, which is used to observe the calculation of the lunar nuclear reactor power supply, the generation of fault control instructions, the verification results of fault control instructions and the optimization process.

10. The lunar nuclear reactor power supply twin operation and control system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The data acquisition and transmission subsystem includes a data acquisition module, a data processing and storage module, and a data transmission module, wherein the data acquisition module is configured as a plurality of sensors and is arranged in the lunar nuclear reactor power supply; The simulation computing subsystem includes a numerical computing module based on physical models, a fast computing module based on data drive, a software interface module combining software and hardware, and a digital twin module for correcting measured data. The simulated reactor power supply subsystem includes a ground reactor power supply module, an environmental simulation module, and a load simulation module; The control and decision support subsystem includes intelligent prediction and diagnosis module, control strategy optimization module and execution module; The visualization subsystem includes data management module, user interface module and human-computer interaction module.

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