Multi-frequency radiation unit and array antenna

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-frequency radiation unit and an array antenna. According to the multi-frequency radiation unit, a low-frequency oscillator of a low-frequency radiation unit is supported on the first side of a reflection plate through a low-frequency feed part, the low-frequency feed part feeds the low-frequency oscillator, four low-frequency radiation arms of the low-frequency oscillator are parallel to the surface of the first side of the reflection plate, and the four low-frequency radiation arms form a cross shape to form four included angle areas; the four high-frequency radiation units are distributed in the four included angle areas in a one-to-one correspondence manner; a high-frequency oscillator of the high-frequency radiation unit is supported on the first side of the reflecting plate through a high-frequency feed part, the high-frequency feed part feeds the high-frequency oscillator, and the high-frequency radiation surface of the high-frequency oscillator is parallel to the surface of the first side of the reflecting plate. The distance between the high-frequency radiation surface and the low-frequency radiation arm in the direction perpendicular to the first side surface is smaller than one fourth of the wavelength of the high-frequency oscillator, and the grounding substrate is arranged between the high-frequency oscillator and the reflecting plate and is parallel to the high-frequency radiation surface. According to the multi-frequency radiation unit, inter-frequency mutual coupling is reduced, and the high-frequency bandwidth is not limited.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a multi-frequency radiation unit and an array antenna. Background Art

[0002] In order to adapt to the development and demand of mobile communication technology, multi-band antennas have emerged. Multi-band antennas usually include at least one low-frequency oscillator and at least one high-frequency oscillator. The low-frequency oscillator and the high-frequency oscillator work in different frequency bands respectively. Electromagnetic coupling interference exists between different frequency bands, which will deteriorate the performance of the multi-band antenna.

[0003] In the related art, some multi-band antennas adopt a nested solution, where the high-frequency vibrator is nested inside the die-cast bowl-shaped low-frequency vibrator to reduce the interference effect of the low-frequency vibrator on the high-frequency vibrator; however, in the nested solution, only one high-frequency vibrator can be set within the size range of a low-frequency vibrator, and the vibrator body needs to be molded, electroplated, etc., the installation process is relatively complicated, and the weight and cost are high. Some multi-band antennas also use PCB filtering vibrators, and a decoupling structure is loaded at the radiation arm segment of the low-frequency vibrator to block the flow of high-frequency induced current, or to form two equal and opposite induced currents that can offset each other, so as to achieve the effect of low-frequency filtering of high frequency; however, the transmission characteristics of the decoupling structure loaded on the low-frequency array in the PCB filtering solution are not perfect, and the current or electromagnetic field cannot pass completely in the non-working frequency band. At the same time, the decoupling structure makes the impedance matching design of the low-frequency vibrator difficult, and different high-frequency bands need to be designed separately, and a single low-frequency vibrator can only be designed to filter high frequency for some frequency bands, resulting in limited bandwidth of the high-frequency vibrator. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a multi-frequency radiation unit and array antenna, aiming to solve the problems of heterogeneous frequency mutual coupling and limited high-frequency bandwidth of multi-frequency fusion antennas.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a multi-frequency radiation unit, comprising:

[0006] Reflective panels;

[0007] A low-frequency radiating unit, comprising a low-frequency oscillator and a low-frequency feeding member, wherein the low-frequency oscillator is supported and arranged on the first side of the reflecting plate by the low-frequency feeding member, and the low-frequency feeding member is used to feed the low-frequency oscillator, and the low-frequency oscillator comprises four low-frequency radiating arms, wherein the low-frequency radiating arms are parallel to the surface of the first side of the reflecting plate, and the four low-frequency radiating arms are centrally symmetrically distributed and form a cross shape, and the cross-shaped low-frequency oscillator forms four angle areas;

[0008] Four high-frequency radiation units are distributed in the four angle areas in a one-to-one correspondence; the high-frequency radiation unit includes a high-frequency vibrator, a high-frequency feeding element and a grounding substrate; the high-frequency vibrator is supported by the high-frequency feeding element and arranged on the first side of the reflecting plate; the high-frequency feeding element is used to feed the high-frequency vibrator; the high-frequency vibrator includes a high-frequency radiation surface; the high-frequency radiation surface is parallel to the surface of the first side of the reflecting plate, and the distance between the high-frequency radiation surface and the low-frequency radiation arm in the direction perpendicular to the first side surface is less than one-quarter wavelength of the high-frequency vibrator; the grounding substrate is arranged on the high-frequency feeding element and is located between the high-frequency vibrator and the reflecting plate; the grounding substrate is parallel to the high-frequency radiation surface.

[0009] In some embodiments, the low-frequency radiation unit also includes a low-frequency dielectric substrate and a low-frequency base, the low-frequency base is fixedly arranged on the reflective plate, one end of the low-frequency feed is fixedly connected to the low-frequency base, the low-frequency dielectric substrate is fixedly connected to the other end of the low-frequency feed away from the reflective plate, and the low-frequency dielectric substrate is parallel to the surface of the first side of the reflective plate; the four low-frequency radiation arms are arranged on the side surface of the low-frequency dielectric substrate away from the reflective plate, and a grounding layer is provided on the side surface of the low-frequency dielectric substrate facing the reflective plate.

[0010] In some embodiments, the high-frequency radiation unit also includes a high-frequency dielectric substrate and a high-frequency base, the high-frequency base is fixedly disposed on the reflective plate, one end of the high-frequency feed is fixedly connected to the high-frequency base, the high-frequency dielectric substrate is fixedly connected to the other end of the high-frequency feed away from the reflective plate, and the high-frequency dielectric substrate is parallel to the surface of the first side of the reflective plate; the high-frequency radiation surface is disposed on the side surface of the high-frequency dielectric substrate facing away from the reflective plate, and a grounding layer is provided on the side surface of the high-frequency dielectric substrate facing the reflective plate.

[0011] In some embodiments, the low-frequency dielectric substrate and the high-frequency dielectric substrate are independently provided; or, the low-frequency dielectric substrate and at least one of the high-frequency dielectric substrates are fixedly connected as a whole.

[0012] In some embodiments, the low-frequency feeding element includes a low-frequency balun substrate, a low-frequency feeding balun provided on one side surface of the low-frequency balun substrate, and a low-frequency balun ground provided on the other side surface of the low-frequency balun substrate; the low-frequency feeding element includes two, wherein the low-frequency feeding balun of one of the low-frequency feeding elements is electrically connected to the two oppositely arranged low-frequency radiating arms, wherein the low-frequency feeding balun of the other low-frequency feeding element is electrically connected to the other two oppositely arranged low-frequency radiating arms, and the low-frequency balun grounds of the two low-frequency feeding elements are electrically connected to the ground layer of the low-frequency dielectric substrate; wherein the two low-frequency feeding elements are vertically connected between the low-frequency dielectric substrate and the low-frequency base, and the two low-frequency feeding elements are perpendicular to each other and cross-arranged.

[0013] In some embodiments, the high-frequency feeding element includes a high-frequency balun substrate, a high-frequency feeding balun provided on one side surface of the high-frequency balun substrate, and a high-frequency balun ground provided on the other side surface of the high-frequency balun substrate; the high-frequency feeding element includes two, wherein the high-frequency feeding balun of one of the high-frequency feeding elements is electrically connected to one polarization of the high-frequency radiating surface, wherein the high-frequency feeding balun of the other high-frequency feeding element is electrically connected to the other polarization of the high-frequency radiating surface, and the high-frequency balun grounds of the two high-frequency feeding elements are electrically connected to the ground layer of the high-frequency dielectric substrate; wherein the two high-frequency feeding elements are vertically connected between the high-frequency dielectric substrate and the high-frequency base, and the two high-frequency feeding elements are perpendicular to each other and cross-arranged.

[0014] In some embodiments, the operating frequency bands of the four high-frequency radiation units are the same; or, the operating frequency band of at least one of the high-frequency radiation units is different.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present application provides an array antenna, comprising the multi-frequency radiation unit described in any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0016] In some embodiments, the array antenna includes a plurality of the multi-frequency radiating units arranged in an array along a first direction, and the plurality of the multi-frequency radiating units share a reflecting plate, wherein the four high-frequency radiating units of each of the multi-frequency radiating units are distributed in two columns along a second direction, the two columns of the high-frequency radiating units are located on opposite sides of the low-frequency radiating unit along the second direction, the two high-frequency radiating units in each column are aligned along the first direction and have the same working frequency band, the first direction and the second direction are both parallel to the surface of the first side of the reflecting plate, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other; the array antenna also includes a plurality of single-frequency radiating units, at least two single-frequency radiating units are arranged between two adjacent multi-frequency radiating units along the first direction, at least two single-frequency radiating units are respectively aligned with the two columns of the high-frequency radiating units along the first direction, and the working frequency band of each single-frequency radiating unit is the same as the working frequency band of the high-frequency radiating unit aligned along the first direction.

[0017] In some embodiments, the operating frequency bands of the four high-frequency radiation units of the plurality of multi-frequency radiation units are the same.

[0018] In some embodiments, the operating frequency bands of the high-frequency radiation units in two columns of the multi-frequency radiation unit are different.

[0019] The above-mentioned multi-frequency radiation unit and array antenna, by adopting a cross-shaped low-frequency oscillator, make the distance between the high-frequency radiation surface and the low-frequency radiation arm unrestricted, and can flexibly adjust the relative position of the high-frequency radiation surface and the low-frequency radiation arm and the distance between the high-frequency radiation surface and the low-frequency radiation arm according to the high-frequency bandwidth requirements, so as to effectively reduce the hetero-frequency mutual coupling effect while making the high-frequency bandwidth unrestricted, solving the problem of limited high-frequency bandwidth; by setting a ground substrate, it is possible to form a radiation environment in which the high-frequency oscillator and the low-frequency oscillator are independent of each other, and at the same time, the height difference between the high-frequency radiation surface and the low-frequency radiation arm is set within a quarter wavelength range of the high-frequency oscillator, which can greatly reduce the interference between oscillators in different frequency bands, effectively realize the decoupling between the high-frequency oscillator and the low-frequency oscillator, and at the same time realize the stable radiation pattern of the high-frequency oscillator and the low-frequency oscillator in their respective working frequency bands, and no external circuit is required, the design is simple, the loss is small and the efficiency is high, which is conducive to realizing multi-frequency fusion, antenna miniaturization and lightweight, and is conducive to improving the performance of multi-band antennas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a multi-frequency radiation unit according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a front view of a multi-frequency radiation unit according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a top view of a multi-frequency radiation unit according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the multi-frequency radiation unit according to some other embodiments of the present application.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a front view of a multi-frequency radiation unit according to some other embodiments of the present application.

[0026] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the multi-frequency radiation unit according to some other embodiments of the present application.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the multi-frequency radiation unit of some other embodiments of the present application from another perspective.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the multi-frequency radiation unit of some other embodiments of the present application from another perspective.

[0029] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the multi-frequency radiation unit of some other embodiments of the present application from another perspective.

[0030] Fig.10 This is a front view of a multi-frequency radiation unit according to some other embodiments of the present application.

[0031] Fig.11 This is a left view of a multi-frequency radiation unit according to some other embodiments of the present application.

[0032] Fig.12 1 is a top view of a multi-frequency radiation unit according to some other embodiments of the present application.

[0033] Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a multi-frequency radiation unit according to some further embodiments of the present application.

[0034] Fig.14 This is a front view of a multi-frequency radiation unit according to some further embodiments of the present application.

[0035] Fig.15 1 is a top view of a multi-frequency radiation unit according to some further embodiments of the present application.

[0036] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the array antenna of some embodiments of the present application.

[0037] Fig.17 Schematic diagram of the structure of array antennas of other embodiments of the present application.

[0038] Figure Number:

[0039] 100. Multi-frequency radiation unit; 1. Reflection plate; 11. First side; 2. Low-frequency radiation unit; 21. Low-frequency oscillator; 211. Low-frequency radiation arm; 2111. Sub-arm; 2112. Connecting portion; 212. Angle region; 22. Low-frequency feeder; 221. Low-frequency balun substrate; 222. Low-frequency feed balun; 23. Low-frequency dielectric substrate; 24. Low-frequency base; 3. High-frequency radiation unit; 31. High-frequency oscillator; 311. High-frequency radiation surface; 32. High-frequency feeder; 321. High-frequency balun substrate; 322. High-frequency feed balun; 33. Ground substrate; 34. High-frequency dielectric substrate; 35. High-frequency base; 36. First high-frequency radiation unit; 37. Second high-frequency radiation unit;

[0040] 200, single frequency radiation unit; 201, first single frequency radiation unit; 202, second single frequency radiation unit;

[0041] 1000. Array antenna. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0043] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0044] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0045] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being “above”, “above”, and “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below”, “below”, and “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0047] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. An element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only implementation method.

[0048] See also Figures 1 to 5 , Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a multi-frequency radiation unit in some embodiments of the present application, Figure 2 shows a front view of a multi-frequency radiation unit in some embodiments of the present application, Figure 3 FIG. 4 shows a top view of a multi-frequency radiation unit in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a multi-frequency radiation unit in some embodiments of the present application, Figure 5The front view of the multi-frequency radiation unit in some other embodiments of the present application is shown. The multi-frequency radiation unit 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a reflector 1, a low-frequency radiation unit 2 and four high-frequency radiation units 3; the low-frequency radiation unit 2 includes a low-frequency vibrator 21 and a low-frequency feeding member 22, the low-frequency vibrator 21 is supported and arranged on the first side 11 of the reflector 1 through the low-frequency feeding member 22, and the low-frequency vibrator 21 is used to feed the low-frequency vibrator 21; the low-frequency vibrator 21 includes four low-frequency radiation arms 211, the low-frequency radiation arms 211 are parallel to the surface of the first side 11 of the reflector 1, the four low-frequency radiation arms 211 are centrally symmetrically distributed and form a cross, and the cross-shaped low-frequency vibrator 21 forms four angle areas 212. The four high-frequency radiation units 3 are distributed in four angle areas 212 in a one-to-one correspondence; the high-frequency radiation unit 3 includes a high-frequency oscillator 31, a high-frequency feeding component 32 and a grounding substrate 33. The high-frequency oscillator 31 is supported by the high-frequency feeding component 32 and is arranged on the first side 11 of the reflecting plate 1. The high-frequency feeding component 32 is used to feed the high-frequency oscillator 31. The high-frequency oscillator 31 includes a high-frequency radiation surface 311. The high-frequency radiation surface 311 is parallel to the surface of the first side 11 of the reflecting plate 1, and the distance between the high-frequency radiation surface 311 and the low-frequency radiation arm 211 in the direction Z perpendicular to the surface of the first side 11 is less than one-quarter wavelength of the high-frequency oscillator 31. The grounding substrate 33 is arranged on the high-frequency feeding component 32 and is located between the high-frequency oscillator 31 and the reflecting plate 1. The grounding substrate 33 is parallel to the high-frequency radiation surface 311.

[0049] The low-frequency oscillator 21 has a symmetry center, and four low-frequency radiation arms 211 are rotationally symmetrically distributed around the symmetry center of the low-frequency oscillator 21 with a period of 90°; each low-frequency radiation arm 211 includes two sub-arms 2111 set at an angle of 90°, and one end of the two sub-arms 2111 is fixedly connected by a connecting portion 2112, and the other end extends longitudinally in a direction away from the connecting portion 2112; one of the sub-arms 2111 of one low-frequency radiation arm 211 is parallel to and spaced from the sub-arm 2111 of an adjacent low-frequency radiation arm 211, and another sub-arm 2111 of the low-frequency radiation arm 211 is parallel to and spaced from the sub-arm 2111 of another adjacent low-frequency radiation arm 211; thereby, the four low-frequency radiation arms 211 together form a cross shape. Among them, one side of each low-frequency radiation arm 211 away from the symmetry center of the low-frequency oscillator 21 forms an angle area 212, that is, the angle area 212 is the area sandwiched between the two sub-arms 2111 of the low-frequency radiation arm 211. It can be understood that the angle area 212 has an open shape.

[0050] The low frequency oscillator 21 is supported on the reflector 1 through the low frequency feeding element 22, and the four low frequency radiation arms 211 are parallel to the surface of the first side 11 of the reflector 1. The electromagnetic radiation generated by the low frequency oscillator 21 is reflected by the reflector 1 to form unidirectional radiation.

[0051] In some embodiments, the length of a horizontal or vertical line in the cross shape of the low-frequency oscillator 21 is 0.35λ1-0.65λ1, that is, the sum of the lengths of the sub-arms 2111 of the two low-frequency radiation arms 211 is greater than 0.35λ1 and less than 0.65λ1; the height of the low-frequency feeding element 22 in the direction Z perpendicular to the surface of the first side 11 of the reflector 1 is 0.2λ1-0.3λ1, so that the vertical distance between the low-frequency radiation arm 211 and the surface of the first side 11 of the reflector 1 is greater than 0.2λ1 and less than 0.3λ1; wherein λ1 is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band of the low-frequency oscillator 21. Preferably, the vertical distance between the low-frequency radiation arm 211 and the surface of the first side 11 of the reflector 1 can be 0.25λ1; the length of a horizontal or vertical line in the cross shape of the low-frequency oscillator 21 is 0.5λ1. In this way, the vertical distance between the low-frequency radiation arm 211 and the surface of the first side 11 of the reflecting plate 1 can be made approximately one-fourth of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band of the low-frequency oscillator 21, and the sum of the lengths of the sub-arms 2111 of the two low-frequency radiation arms 211 of the low-frequency oscillator 21 is approximately half of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band of the low-frequency oscillator 21.

[0052] The four high-frequency radiation units 3 are distributed in four angle regions 212 in a one-to-one correspondence, which means that the orthographic projection of each high-frequency radiation unit 3 on the first side 11 of the reflector 1 is correspondingly located in an angle region 212 of the low-frequency oscillator 21 within the orthographic projection range of the first side 11 of the reflector 1. Thus, each high-frequency radiation surface 311 is located between two sub-arms 2111 of a low-frequency radiation arm 211, and the structure is more compact, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the antenna; the high-frequency radiation surface 311 and the low-frequency radiation arm 211 are arranged at intervals, so that the high-frequency radiation surface 311 and the low-frequency radiation arm 211 maintain a certain distance, which can reduce the electromagnetic coupling interference between the high-frequency oscillator 31 and the low-frequency oscillator 21, thereby reducing the mutual coupling effect of different frequencies; wherein, the higher the frequency band of the high-frequency oscillator 31, the greater the required spacing distance. Since the angle area 212 is an open shape, the side of the high-frequency radiation surface 311 away from the low-frequency radiation arm 211 is not blocked, and the distance between the high-frequency radiation surface 311 and the low-frequency radiation arm 211 is not restricted. The relative position of the high-frequency radiation surface 311 and the low-frequency radiation arm 211 and the distance between the high-frequency radiation surface 311 and the low-frequency radiation arm 211 can be flexibly adjusted according to the high-frequency bandwidth requirements, thereby effectively reducing the mutual coupling effect. At the same time, the high-frequency bandwidth is not restricted, and the frequency band type of the high-frequency oscillator 31 is not restricted.

[0053] The high frequency oscillator 31 is supported on the reflector 1 through the high frequency feeding member 32, and the high frequency radiation surface 311 is parallel to the surface of the first side 11 of the reflector 1. At the same time, a ground substrate 33 is arranged between the high frequency oscillator 31 and the reflector 1, and the ground substrate 33 is used to reflect the electromagnetic radiation generated by the high frequency oscillator 31 to form unidirectional radiation.

[0054] In some embodiments, the side length of the high-frequency radiation surface 311 of the high-frequency oscillator 31 is 0.35λ2-0.65λ2, and the vertical distance between the high-frequency radiation surface 311 and the ground substrate 33 is 0.2λ2-0.3λ2; wherein λ2 is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band of the high-frequency oscillator 31. Preferably, the vertical distance between the high-frequency radiation surface 311 and the ground substrate 33 may be 0.25λ2, and the side length of the high-frequency radiation surface 311 may be 0.5λ2. In this way, the vertical distance between the high-frequency radiation surface 311 and the ground substrate 33 may be approximately one-fourth of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band of the high-frequency oscillator 31, and the side length of the high-frequency radiation surface 311 may be approximately half of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band of the high-frequency oscillator 31. Among them, the working frequency band of the low-frequency oscillator 21 is smaller than the working frequency band of the high-frequency oscillator 31.

[0055] Since the high-frequency radiation unit 3 is provided with a grounding substrate 33, an independent radiation environment can be created for the high-frequency oscillator 31 to achieve conformal radiation pattern of the high-frequency oscillator 31; the electromagnetic radiation generated by the high-frequency radiation surface 311 is reflected by the grounding substrate 33 to form unidirectional radiation, and the electromagnetic radiation generated by the low-frequency oscillator 21 is reflected by the reflecting plate 1 to form unidirectional radiation, which can meet the requirement of inconsistent vertical heights of the high-frequency radiation surface 311 and the low-frequency radiation arm 211 relative to the reflecting surface, and can form a radiation environment independent of the high-frequency oscillator 31 and the low-frequency oscillator 21, which is conducive to achieving a more flexible layout and conformal radiation patterns of the high-frequency oscillator 31 and the low-frequency oscillator 21; and the grounding substrate 33 is an electrically small structure relative to the low-frequency oscillator 21, and will not have a negative impact on the radiation performance of the low-frequency oscillator 21.

[0056] The quarter wavelength of the high-frequency oscillator 31 refers to one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency point of the working frequency band of the high-frequency oscillator 31. Since the distance between the high-frequency radiation surface 311 and the low-frequency radiation arm 211 in the direction Z perpendicular to the surface of the first side 11 of the reflector 1 is less than a quarter wavelength of the high-frequency oscillator 31, that is, the height difference between the high-frequency radiation surface 311 and the low-frequency radiation arm 211 relative to the first side 11 of the reflector 1 is within the range of a quarter wavelength of the high-frequency oscillator 31. In this way, the height difference between the high-frequency radiation surface 311 and the low-frequency radiation arm 211 is small, which can reduce the electromagnetic coupling interference between the high-frequency oscillator 31 and the low-frequency oscillator 21, which is conducive to reducing the mutual coupling effect of different frequencies, so that there is no need to add external circuits, the design is simple, the loss is small and the efficiency is high, which is conducive to realizing the multi-frequency fusion of the antenna and improving the performance of the multi-band antenna.

[0057] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, preferably, the vertical distance between the high-frequency radiation surface 311 and the surface of the first side 11 of the reflector 1 and the vertical distance between the low-frequency radiation arm 211 and the surface of the first side 11 of the reflector 1 can be set to be approximately equal, so that the high-frequency radiation surface 311 and the low-frequency radiation arm 211 form a radiation structure that is approximately coplanar. In this way, it is beneficial to further reduce the electromagnetic coupling interference between the high-frequency oscillator 31 and the low-frequency oscillator 21, reduce losses, and improve antenna performance.

[0058] In some embodiments, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the vertical distance between the high-frequency radiation surface 311 and the surface of the first side 11 of the reflector 1 and the vertical height between the low-frequency radiation arm 211 and the surface of the first side 11 of the reflector 1 may also be set to be inconsistent, so that the high-frequency radiation surface 311 and the low-frequency radiation arm 211 are not on the same plane. For example, in the direction Z perpendicular to the surface of the first side 11 of the reflector 1, the high-frequency radiation surface 311 may be located on the side of the low-frequency radiation arm 211 away from the reflector 1, and the high-frequency radiation surface 311 may also be located on the side of the low-frequency radiation arm 211 close to the reflector 1. In this way, it is beneficial for the multi-frequency radiation unit 100 to achieve a more flexible layout.

[0059] The multi-frequency radiation unit 100 of the embodiment of the present application adopts a cross-shaped low-frequency oscillator 21, so that the distance between the high-frequency radiation surface 311 and the low-frequency radiation arm 211 is not limited, and the relative position of the high-frequency radiation surface 311 and the low-frequency radiation arm 211 and the distance between the high-frequency radiation surface 311 and the low-frequency radiation arm 211 can be flexibly adjusted according to the high-frequency bandwidth requirements, thereby effectively reducing the heterogeneous frequency mutual coupling effect while making the high-frequency bandwidth unrestricted, solving the problem of high-frequency bandwidth limitation; by providing a ground substrate 33, the high-frequency oscillator 31 and the low-frequency oscillator can be formed. The radiation environments of the sub-elements 21 are independent of each other, and the height difference between the high-frequency radiation surface 311 and the low-frequency radiation arm 211 is set within a quarter wavelength range of the high-frequency oscillator 31, which can greatly reduce the interference between oscillators in different frequency bands, effectively realize the decoupling between the high-frequency oscillator 31 and the low-frequency oscillator 21, and realize stable radiation patterns of the high-frequency oscillator 31 and the low-frequency oscillator 21 in their respective working frequency bands, and there is no need to add external circuits, the design is simple, the loss is small and the efficiency is high, which is conducive to realizing multi-frequency fusion, antenna miniaturization and lightweight, and is conducive to improving the performance of multi-band antennas.

[0060] In some embodiments, see Figures 1 to 5The low-frequency radiation unit 2 also includes a low-frequency dielectric substrate 23 and a low-frequency base 24. The low-frequency base 24 is fixedly arranged on the reflection plate 1. One end of the low-frequency feeding element 22 is fixedly connected to the low-frequency base 24. The low-frequency dielectric substrate 23 is fixedly connected to the other end of the low-frequency feeding element 22 away from the reflection plate 1, and the low-frequency dielectric substrate 23 is parallel to the surface of the first side 11 of the reflection plate 1; four low-frequency radiation arms 211 are arranged on the side surface of the low-frequency dielectric substrate 23 away from the reflection plate 1, and a grounding layer (not shown in the figure) is provided on the side surface of the low-frequency dielectric substrate 23 facing the reflection plate 1.

[0061] The four low-frequency radiation arms 211 may be four groups of microstrip lines printed on one side surface of a low-frequency dielectric substrate 23, and a grounding layer is provided on the other side surface of the low-frequency dielectric substrate 23, thereby forming a low-frequency PCB (Printed Circuit Board) board based on the principle of microstrip line transmission line. The low-frequency PCB board is fixedly connected to the low-frequency feeder 22, and the low-frequency feeder 22 is fixedly connected to the low-frequency base 24, and then fixed to the reflector 1 through the low-frequency base 24, so that the low-frequency oscillator 21 is supported and set on the reflector 1 through the low-frequency feeder 22. Among them, the low-frequency base 24 can also be a microstrip line PCB board, and the low-frequency base 24 is provided with a low-frequency feeding circuit for low-frequency feeding.

[0062] By setting the low-frequency dielectric substrate 23, it is convenient to support and fix the low-frequency vibrator 21, and it is beneficial to improve the manufacturability of the low-frequency vibrator 21; by setting the low-frequency base 24, it is convenient to fix the low-frequency feeding element 22 on the reflecting plate 1 through the low-frequency base 24, which is convenient for installation, and is beneficial to improve the manufacturability of the multi-frequency radiation unit 100 and reduce costs.

[0063] In some embodiments, see Figures 1 to 5 The high-frequency radiation unit 3 also includes a high-frequency dielectric substrate 34 and a high-frequency base 35. The high-frequency base 35 is fixedly arranged on the reflection plate 1. One end of the high-frequency feeding element 32 is fixedly connected to the high-frequency base 35. The high-frequency dielectric substrate 34 is fixedly connected to the other end of the high-frequency feeding element 32 away from the reflection plate 1, and the high-frequency dielectric substrate 34 is parallel to the surface of the first side 11 of the reflection plate 1; the high-frequency radiation surface 311 is arranged on the side surface of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 34 facing away from the reflection plate 1, and a grounding layer (not shown in the figure) is provided on the side surface of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 34 facing the reflection plate 1.

[0064] The high-frequency radiation surface 311 may also be a microstrip line printed on one side surface of a high-frequency dielectric substrate 34, and a ground layer is provided on the other side surface of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 34, thereby forming a high-frequency PCB board based on the principle of a microstrip line transmission line. Thus, the four high-frequency radiation units 3 may include four high-frequency PCB boards. The high-frequency PCB board is fixedly connected to the high-frequency feeder 32, and the high-frequency feeder 32 is fixedly connected to the high-frequency base 35, and then fixed to the reflector 1 through the high-frequency base 35, so that the high-frequency oscillator 31 is supported and arranged on the reflector 1 through the high-frequency feeder 32. Among them, the high-frequency base 35 may also be a microstrip line PCB board, and the high-frequency base 35 is provided with a high-frequency feeding circuit for high-frequency feeding. In some embodiments, the ground substrate 33 may be fixedly connected to the high-frequency feeder 32, so that there is no need to design an additional structural support to fix the ground substrate 33.

[0065] By setting up a high-frequency dielectric substrate 34, it is convenient to support and fix the high-frequency oscillator 31, and it is beneficial to improve the manufacturability of the high-frequency oscillator 31; by setting up a high-frequency base 35, it is convenient to fix the high-frequency feeding element 32 on the reflecting plate 1 through the high-frequency base 35, and the installation is convenient. Moreover, the high-frequency feeding element 32 can independently support the grounding substrate 33 and the high-frequency radiation surface 311, which is beneficial to improve the manufacturability of the multi-frequency radiation unit 100 and reduce costs.

[0066] In some embodiments, see Figures 1 to 5 The low-frequency dielectric substrate 23 and the high-frequency dielectric substrate 34 are arranged independently of each other.

[0067] The low-frequency dielectric substrate 23 and the high-frequency dielectric substrate 34 are separately provided, and the low-frequency dielectric substrate 23 and the high-frequency dielectric substrate 34 are designed separately, thereby forming a split structure, and the high-frequency radiation surface 311 and the low-frequency radiation arm 211 do not share a dielectric substrate. In some embodiments, the low-frequency dielectric substrate 23 is provided in a cross shape that matches the shape of the low-frequency vibrator 21.

[0068] By adopting a split structure, it is convenient to disassemble and repair the high-frequency vibrator 31 and the low-frequency vibrator 21 separately, and the high-frequency vibrator 31 and the low-frequency vibrator 21 can be assembled, welded, repaired, etc. separately, which is beneficial to improving the maintainability and extending the service life of the multi-frequency radiation unit 100; it can also be achieved that the high-frequency radiation surface 311 and the low-frequency radiation arm 211 are not on the same plane, which is beneficial to the multi-frequency radiation unit 100 to achieve a more flexible layout. In addition, the four high-frequency vibrators 31 adopt a split design, and each high-frequency vibrator 31 can work in a different frequency band, which can achieve a flexible combination effect of one low frequency and multiple high frequencies, achieve a more flexible layout, and can provide multi-standard and multi-functional services, which is beneficial to improving the performance of the multi-band antenna.

[0069] In some embodiments, see Figures 6 to 12 , Figure 6Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the multi-frequency radiation unit 100 in some other embodiments of the present application is shown. Figure 7 FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of the multi-frequency radiation unit 100 in some other embodiments of the present application from another perspective. Figure 8 1 shows a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of the multi-frequency radiation unit 100 in another embodiment of the present application from another perspective. Fig. 9 FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of the multi-frequency radiation unit 100 in some other embodiments of the present application from another perspective. Fig.10 1 shows a front view of a multi-frequency radiation unit 100 in some other embodiments of the present application. Fig.11 FIG. 2 shows a left view of a multi-frequency radiation unit 100 in some other embodiments of the present application. Fig.12 A top view of a multi-frequency radiation unit 100 in some other embodiments of the present application is shown, in which a low-frequency dielectric substrate 23 is fixedly connected to at least one high-frequency dielectric substrate 34 as a whole.

[0070] The low-frequency dielectric substrate 23 and the high-frequency dielectric substrate 34 may be integrally formed. For example, the low-frequency dielectric substrate 23 may be integrally formed with one, two or three high-frequency dielectric substrates 34, or the low-frequency dielectric substrate 23 may be integrally formed with four high-frequency dielectric substrates 34 to form a whole dielectric substrate.

[0071] In this way, the low-frequency radiation arm 211 can share a dielectric substrate with at least one high-frequency radiation surface 311, thereby realizing a radiation structure in which the high-frequency radiation surface 311 and the low-frequency radiation arm 211 are coplanar, which is beneficial to reducing the electromagnetic coupling interference between the high-frequency vibrator 31 and the low-frequency vibrator 21, reducing losses, and improving antenna performance. It can also save the assembly steps of the high-frequency vibrator 31 and the low-frequency vibrator 21, improve assembly efficiency, and is beneficial to improving the manufacturability of the multi-frequency radiation unit 100 and reducing costs.

[0072] In some embodiments, the high-frequency base 35 and the low-frequency base 24 can be independently provided; in this way, it is convenient to disassemble and repair them separately, and the maintainability and layout flexibility are improved. In other embodiments, the low-frequency base 24 can also be fixedly connected with at least one high-frequency base 35 as a whole, for example, the high-frequency base 35 and the low-frequency base 24 can be integrally formed; in this way, it is convenient to install the high-frequency base 35 and the low-frequency base 24 to the reflector 1, and the assembly efficiency is improved.

[0073] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figures 4 to 11The low-frequency feeding element 22 includes a low-frequency balun substrate 221, a low-frequency feeding balun 222 disposed on one side surface of the low-frequency balun substrate 221, and a low-frequency balun ground (not shown in the figure) disposed on the other side surface of the low-frequency balun substrate 221; the low-frequency feeding element 22 includes two, wherein the low-frequency feeding balun 222 of one low-frequency feeding element 22 is electrically connected to two oppositely disposed low-frequency radiation arms 211, wherein the low-frequency feeding balun 222 of the other low-frequency feeding element 22 is electrically connected to the other two oppositely disposed low-frequency radiation arms 211, and the low-frequency balun grounds of the two low-frequency feeding elements 22 are electrically connected to the grounding layer of the low-frequency dielectric substrate 23. The two low-frequency feeding elements 22 are both vertically connected between the low-frequency dielectric substrate 23 and the low-frequency base 24, and the two low-frequency feeding elements 22 are perpendicular to each other and cross-arranged.

[0074] The low-frequency feeding balun 222 can be a microstrip line printed on one side surface of the low-frequency balun substrate 221, so that the low-frequency feeding element 22 forms a low-frequency feeding PCB board based on the principle of microstrip line transmission line. In some embodiments, the low-frequency base 24 may include a dielectric layer and a feeding circuit and a ground layer arranged on the opposite side surfaces of the dielectric layer. One end of the low-frequency balun substrate 221 of the low-frequency feeding element 22 is fixedly connected to the low-frequency dielectric substrate 23, and the other end of the low-frequency balun substrate 221 is fixedly connected to the dielectric layer of the low-frequency base 24, so that the low-frequency oscillator 21 is supported on the low-frequency base 24 through the low-frequency feeding element 22, without the need to design additional supporting structures. At the same time, the four low-frequency radiating arms 211 of the low-frequency oscillator 21 are divided into two polarizations, and each polarization includes two low-frequency radiating arms 211 arranged opposite to each other. One end of a low-frequency feeding balun 222 is electrically connected to two low-frequency radiation arms 211 of one polarization of the low-frequency oscillator 21, and the other end of the low-frequency feeding balun 222 is electrically connected to the feeding circuit of the low-frequency base 24, so as to realize feeding to one polarization of the low-frequency oscillator 21; the two low-frequency feeding baluns 222 feed two polarizations of the low-frequency oscillator 21. One end of the two low-frequency baluns is electrically connected to the ground layer of the low-frequency dielectric substrate 23, and the other end is electrically connected to the ground layer of the low-frequency base 24.

[0075] Furthermore, the two low-frequency feeders 22 are arranged vertically and crosswise, so that the two low-frequency feed baluns 222 are also placed vertically to each other, corresponding to the two polarizations of the low-frequency oscillator 21, forming a vertically cross balun structure, and the feeding effect is better. Moreover, the two low-frequency feeders 22 arranged vertically and crosswise can support each other and have strong supporting performance.

[0076] In this way, by setting the low-frequency feeding element 22 as a vertical cross structure, the low-frequency vibrator 21 of the multi-frequency radiation unit 100 can realize reliable support by itself and has good structural stability. There is no need to additionally design supporting structural parts to support and fix the low-frequency vibrator 21. The structure is compact, which is conducive to the miniaturization and lightweight of the multi-frequency radiation unit 100. It is also easy to install, has a simple and reliable structure and stable performance, and effectively improves the structural reliability of the multi-frequency radiation unit 100.

[0077] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figures 4 to 11 The high-frequency feeding element 32 includes a high-frequency balun substrate 321, a high-frequency feeding balun 322 disposed on one side surface of the high-frequency balun substrate 321, and a high-frequency balun ground (not shown in the figure) disposed on the other side surface of the high-frequency balun substrate 321; the high-frequency feeding element 32 includes two, wherein the high-frequency feeding balun 322 of one high-frequency feeding element 32 is electrically connected to one polarization of the high-frequency radiation surface 311, wherein the high-frequency feeding balun 322 of the other high-frequency feeding element 32 is electrically connected to the other polarization of the high-frequency radiation surface 311, and the high-frequency balun grounds of the two high-frequency feeding elements 32 are electrically connected to the ground layer of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 34. The two high-frequency feeding elements 32 are both vertically connected between the high-frequency dielectric substrate 34 and the high-frequency base 35, and the two high-frequency feeding elements 32 are perpendicular to each other and cross-arranged.

[0078] The high-frequency feeding balun 322 can be a microstrip line printed on one side surface of the high-frequency balun substrate 321, so that the high-frequency feeding element 32 forms a high-frequency feeding PCB board based on the principle of microstrip line transmission line. In some embodiments, the high-frequency base 35 may include a dielectric layer and a feeding circuit and a ground layer arranged on the opposite side surfaces of the dielectric layer. One end of the high-frequency balun substrate 321 of the high-frequency feeding element 32 is fixedly connected to the high-frequency dielectric substrate 34, and the other end of the high-frequency balun substrate 321 is fixedly connected to the dielectric layer of the high-frequency base 35, so that the high-frequency oscillator 31 is supported on the high-frequency base 35 through the high-frequency feeding element 32, without the need to design additional supporting structures. At the same time, the high-frequency radiation surface 311 may include two polarizations arranged orthogonally. One end of a high-frequency feeding balun 322 is electrically connected to one polarization of the high-frequency radiation surface 311, and the other end is electrically connected to the feeding circuit of the high-frequency base 35, so as to realize feeding one polarization of the high-frequency oscillator 31; two high-frequency feeding baluns 322 feed two polarizations of the high-frequency oscillator 31. One end of the two high-frequency balun grounds is electrically connected to the ground layer of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 34, and the other end is electrically connected to the ground layer of the high-frequency base 35. In some embodiments, the ground substrate 33 may include a dielectric layer and a ground layer, the dielectric layer of the ground substrate 33 is fixedly connected to the high-frequency balun substrate 321 of the high-frequency feeder 32, and the ground layer of the ground substrate 33 is electrically connected to the high-frequency balun ground of the high-frequency feeder 32.

[0079] Furthermore, the two high-frequency feeders 32 are arranged vertically and crosswise, so that the two high-frequency feeding baluns 322 are also placed vertically to each other, corresponding to the two polarizations of the high-frequency oscillator 31, forming a vertically crossed balun structure, and the feeding effect is better. Moreover, the two vertically crossed high-frequency feeders 32 can support each other and have strong supporting performance.

[0080] In this way, by setting the high-frequency feeding element 32 as a vertical cross structure, the high-frequency oscillator 31 of the multi-frequency radiation unit 100 can realize reliable support by itself and has good structural stability. There is no need to additionally design supporting structural parts to support and fix the high-frequency oscillator 31. The structure is compact, which is conducive to the miniaturization and lightweight of the multi-frequency radiation unit 100. In addition, the installation is simple, the structure is simple and reliable, and the performance is stable, which effectively improves the structural reliability of the multi-frequency radiation unit 100.

[0081] Furthermore, the low-frequency feed element 22 and the high-frequency feed element 32 can both adopt a vertical cross structure design, so that the entire multi-frequency radiation unit 100 can achieve reliable support by itself without the need for additional structural support parts. The structure is compact, which is conducive to the miniaturization and lightweight of the multi-frequency radiation unit 100, and is conducive to improving the manufacturability of the multi-frequency radiation unit 100 and reducing costs.

[0082] In some embodiments, see Figures 1 to 12 , the operating frequency bands of the four high-frequency radiation units 3 are the same.

[0083] Since the side length of the high-frequency radiation surface 311 of the high-frequency oscillator 31 is approximately half of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band of the high-frequency radiation unit 3, by setting the working frequency bands of the four high-frequency radiation units 3 to be the same, the sizes of the high-frequency radiation surfaces 311 of the four high-frequency oscillators 31 are the same, and the vertical distances between the four high-frequency radiation surfaces 311 and their corresponding ground substrates 33 are also the same.

[0084] In this way, the multi-frequency radiation unit 100 can provide a dual-frequency radiation unit. Moreover, the four high-frequency radiation units 3 have the same structure, which is beneficial to improving the manufacturability of the multi-frequency radiation unit 100 and reducing the cost.

[0085] In some embodiments, see Figures 13 to 15 , Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the multi-frequency radiation unit 100 in some other embodiments of the present application is shown. Fig.14 1 shows a front view of a multi-frequency radiation unit 100 in some other embodiments of the present application. Fig.15 A top view of a multi-frequency radiation unit 100 in some further embodiments of the present application is shown, and at least one high-frequency radiation unit 3 has a different operating frequency band.

[0086] For example, the operating frequency bands of three high-frequency radiation units 3 may be the same, and the operating frequency band of another high-frequency radiation unit 3 may be different; or Figures 13 to 15 As shown, the working frequency bands of two high-frequency radiation units 3 may be the same, and the working frequency bands of the other two high-frequency radiation units 3 may be the same; thus, the multi-frequency radiation unit 100 may provide a three-frequency radiation unit. The working frequency bands of two high-frequency radiation units 3 may be the same, and the working frequency bands of the other two high-frequency radiation units 3 may be different, so that the multi-frequency radiation unit 100 may provide a four-frequency radiation unit. The working frequency bands of the four high-frequency radiation units 3 may be different, so that the multi-frequency radiation unit 100 may provide a five-frequency radiation unit.

[0087] Since at least one high-frequency radiation unit 3 has a different operating frequency band, the size of the high-frequency radiation surface 311 of at least one high-frequency oscillator 31 is different from the size of the high-frequency radiation surface 311 of other high-frequency oscillators 31, and the vertical distance between the high-frequency radiation surface 311 and its corresponding ground substrate 33 is also different.

[0088] In this way, the four high-frequency radiation units 3 can operate in different frequency bands and can be flexibly configured as needed to achieve a flexible combination effect of one low frequency and multiple high frequencies, which is conducive to achieving high-gain effects of multiple frequencies and multiple ports in a smaller size, and can provide multi-standard and multi-functional services, which is conducive to improving the performance of multi-band antennas.

[0089] See also Fig.16 and Fig.17 , Fig.16 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an array antenna 1000 in some embodiments of the present application. Fig.17 The schematic diagram of the structure of the array antenna 1000 in some other embodiments of the present application is shown. The embodiment of the present application further provides an array antenna 1000. The array antenna 1000 includes the multi-frequency radiation unit 100 provided by any of the above embodiments.

[0090] The array antenna 1000 has the same beneficial effects as the multi-frequency radiation unit 100, which will not be described in detail here.

[0091] In some embodiments, see Fig.16 and Fig.17The array antenna 1000 includes a plurality of multi-frequency radiation units 100 arranged in an array along a first direction X, and the plurality of multi-frequency radiation units 100 share a reflector 1; wherein the four high-frequency radiation units 3 of each multi-frequency radiation unit 100 are arranged in two columns along a second direction Y, the two columns of high-frequency radiation units 3 are located on opposite sides of the low-frequency radiation unit 2 along the second direction Y, and the two high-frequency radiation units 3 in each column are aligned along the first direction X and have the same working frequency band; the first direction X and the second direction Y are both parallel to the surface of the first side 11 of the reflector 1, and the first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular to each other. The array antenna 1000 also includes a plurality of single-frequency radiation units 200, at least two single-frequency radiation units 200 are arranged between two adjacent multi-frequency radiation units 100 along the first direction X, and the at least two single-frequency radiation units 200 are respectively aligned with the two columns of high-frequency radiation units 3 along the first direction X, and the working frequency band of each single-frequency radiation unit 200 is the same as the working frequency band of the high-frequency radiation unit 3 aligned along the first direction X.

[0092] The single-frequency radiation unit 200 refers to a radiation unit with a single working frequency band, and the working frequency band of the single-frequency radiation unit 200 is greater than the working frequency band of the low-frequency radiation unit 2 in the multi-frequency radiation unit 100. Since the single-frequency radiation unit 200 is arranged on the reflection plate 1 between two adjacent multi-frequency radiation units 100, the reflection plate 1 can be directly used to reflect the electromagnetic radiation of the single-frequency radiation unit 200, that is, the single-frequency radiation unit 200 does not need to be provided with a reflective substrate, which can simplify the installation structure. Among them, the vertical distance between the radiation surface of the single-frequency radiation unit 200 and the reflection plate 1 is approximately one-fourth of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency point of the working frequency band of the single-frequency radiation unit 200. Since the working frequency band of each single-frequency radiation unit 200 is the same as the working frequency band of the high-frequency radiation unit 3 aligned along the first direction X, the radiation surface size of the single-frequency radiation unit 200 is the same as the high-frequency radiation surface 311 size of the high-frequency oscillator 31 of the high-frequency radiation unit 3 aligned along the first direction X.

[0093] By adding a single-frequency radiating unit 200 between adjacent multi-frequency radiating units 100 and sharing the reflector 1, a high-gain effect of multi-frequency and multi-port can be achieved in a smaller size, which is beneficial to improving the performance of the array antenna 1000, improving manufacturability and reducing costs.

[0094] In some embodiments, see Fig.16 , the working frequency bands of the four high-frequency radiation units 3 of the multiple multi-frequency radiation units 100 are the same.

[0095] Since the working frequency band of the single-frequency radiation unit 200 is the same as the working frequency band of the high-frequency radiation unit 3 aligned along the first direction X, and the working frequency bands of all high-frequency radiation units 3 are the same, all high-frequency radiation units 3 and the single-frequency radiation unit 200 have the same working frequency band. All low-frequency radiation units 2 have another working frequency band. In other words, the array antenna 1000 has two working frequency bands. In this way, the embodiment of the present application can provide a dual-frequency array antenna 1000.

[0096] In some embodiments, see Fig.17 The working frequency bands of the two columns of high-frequency radiation units 3 of the multi-frequency radiation unit 100 are different.

[0097] The four high-frequency radiation units 3 of each multi-frequency radiation unit 100 include two first high-frequency radiation units 36 and two second high-frequency radiation units 37. The working frequency band of the first high-frequency radiation unit 36 ​​is different from the working frequency band of the second high-frequency radiation unit 37. For example, the two first high-frequency radiation units 36 may have a first working frequency band, and the two second high-frequency radiation units 37 may have a second working frequency band. The low-frequency radiation unit 2 may have a third working frequency band. The two first high-frequency radiation units 36 are arranged on one side of the low-frequency radiation unit 2 along the second direction Y, and the two second high-frequency radiation units 37 are arranged on the other side of the low-frequency oscillator 21 along the second direction Y. Correspondingly, the single-frequency radiation unit 200 includes a first single-frequency radiation unit 201 aligned with the first high-frequency radiation unit 36 ​​in the first direction X and a second single-frequency radiation unit 202 aligned with the second high-frequency radiation unit 37 in the first direction X. The working frequency band of the first single-frequency radiation unit 201 is the same as the working frequency band of the first high-frequency radiation unit 36, and the working frequency band of the second single-frequency radiation unit 202 is the same as the working frequency band of the second high-frequency radiation unit 37. Therefore, the array antenna 1000 has three operating frequency bands. In this way, the embodiment of the present application can provide a three-band array antenna 1000.

[0098] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0099] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A multi-frequency radiation unit, characterized in that: include: Reflective panels; A low-frequency radiating unit, comprising a low-frequency oscillator and a low-frequency feeding member, wherein the low-frequency oscillator is supported and arranged on the first side of the reflecting plate by the low-frequency feeding member, and the low-frequency feeding member is used to feed the low-frequency oscillator, and the low-frequency oscillator comprises four low-frequency radiating arms, wherein the low-frequency radiating arms are parallel to the surface of the first side of the reflecting plate, and the four low-frequency radiating arms are centrally symmetrically distributed and form a cross shape, and the cross-shaped low-frequency oscillator forms four angle areas; Four high-frequency radiation units are distributed in the four angle areas in a one-to-one correspondence; the high-frequency radiation unit includes a high-frequency vibrator, a high-frequency feeding element and a grounding substrate; the high-frequency vibrator is supported by the high-frequency feeding element and arranged on the first side of the reflecting plate; the high-frequency feeding element is used to feed the high-frequency vibrator; the high-frequency vibrator includes a high-frequency radiation surface; the high-frequency radiation surface is parallel to the surface of the first side of the reflecting plate, and the distance between the high-frequency radiation surface and the low-frequency radiation arm in the direction perpendicular to the first side surface is less than one-quarter wavelength of the high-frequency vibrator; the grounding substrate is arranged on the high-frequency feeding element and is located between the high-frequency vibrator and the reflecting plate; the grounding substrate is parallel to the high-frequency radiation surface.

2. The multi-frequency radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-frequency radiation unit further includes a low-frequency dielectric substrate and a low-frequency base, wherein the low-frequency base is fixedly disposed on the reflector, one end of the low-frequency feeder is fixedly connected to the low-frequency base, the low-frequency dielectric substrate is fixedly connected to the other end of the low-frequency feeder away from the reflector, and the low-frequency dielectric substrate is parallel to the surface of the first side of the reflector; The four low-frequency radiation arms are arranged on a surface of the low-frequency dielectric substrate facing away from the reflection plate, and a grounding layer is arranged on a surface of the low-frequency dielectric substrate facing the reflection plate.

3. The multi-frequency radiation unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high-frequency radiation unit further includes a high-frequency dielectric substrate and a high-frequency base, wherein the high-frequency base is fixedly disposed on the reflector, one end of the high-frequency feeder is fixedly connected to the high-frequency base, the high-frequency dielectric substrate is fixedly connected to the other end of the high-frequency feeder away from the reflector, and the high-frequency dielectric substrate is parallel to the surface of the first side of the reflector; The high-frequency radiation surface is arranged on a surface of the high-frequency dielectric substrate facing away from the reflection plate, and a grounding layer is arranged on a surface of the high-frequency dielectric substrate facing the reflection plate.

4. The multi-frequency radiation unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The low-frequency dielectric substrate and the high-frequency dielectric substrate are independently arranged; Alternatively, the low-frequency dielectric substrate is fixedly connected to at least one of the high-frequency dielectric substrates as a whole.

5. The multi-frequency radiation unit according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The low-frequency feeding element comprises a low-frequency balun substrate, a low-frequency feeding balun arranged on one side surface of the low-frequency balun substrate, and a low-frequency balun ground arranged on another side surface of the low-frequency balun substrate; The low-frequency feeding elements include two, wherein the low-frequency feeding balun of one of the low-frequency feeding elements is electrically connected to the two oppositely arranged low-frequency radiating arms, wherein the low-frequency feeding balun of the other low-frequency feeding element is electrically connected to the other two oppositely arranged low-frequency radiating arms, and the low-frequency baluns of the two low-frequency feeding elements are electrically connected to the ground layer of the low-frequency dielectric substrate; Wherein, the two low-frequency feeding elements are vertically connected between the low-frequency dielectric substrate and the low-frequency base, and the two low-frequency feeding elements are perpendicular to each other and cross-arranged.

6. The multi-frequency radiation unit according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The high-frequency feeding element includes a high-frequency balun substrate, a high-frequency feeding balun arranged on one side surface of the high-frequency balun substrate, and a high-frequency balun ground arranged on another side surface of the high-frequency balun substrate; The high-frequency feeding elements include two, wherein the high-frequency feeding balun of one of the high-frequency feeding elements is electrically connected to one polarization of the high-frequency radiating surface, wherein the high-frequency feeding balun of the other high-frequency feeding element is electrically connected to the other polarization of the high-frequency radiating surface, and the high-frequency baluns of the two high-frequency feeding elements are electrically connected to the ground layer of the high-frequency dielectric substrate; Wherein, the two high-frequency feeding elements are vertically connected between the high-frequency dielectric substrate and the high-frequency base, and the two high-frequency feeding elements are perpendicular to each other and cross-arranged.

7. The multi-frequency radiation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The operating frequency bands of the four high-frequency radiation units are the same; Alternatively, at least one of the high-frequency radiation units has a different operating frequency band.

8. An array antenna, characterized in that: The array antenna comprises the multi-frequency radiation unit as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. The array antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that: The array antenna comprises a plurality of the multi-frequency radiating units arranged in an array along a first direction, the plurality of the multi-frequency radiating units share a reflecting plate, wherein four high-frequency radiating units of each of the multi-frequency radiating units are distributed in two columns along a second direction, the two columns of the high-frequency radiating units are located on opposite sides of the low-frequency radiating unit along the second direction, the two high-frequency radiating units in each column are aligned along the first direction and have the same working frequency band, the first direction and the second direction are both parallel to the surface of the first side of the reflecting plate, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other; The array antenna also includes multiple single-frequency radiating units, at least two of the single-frequency radiating units are arranged between two adjacent multi-frequency radiating units along the first direction, at least two of the single-frequency radiating units are respectively aligned with two columns of high-frequency radiating units along the first direction, and the operating frequency band of each of the single-frequency radiating units is the same as the operating frequency band of the high-frequency radiating units aligned along the first direction.

10. The array antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that: The operating frequency bands of the four high-frequency radiation units of the plurality of multi-frequency radiation units are all the same.

11. The array antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that: The high-frequency radiation units in two columns of the multi-frequency radiation unit have different operating frequency bands.

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