Ideal diode circuit and vehicle
By setting up logic modules and power modules in the ideal diode circuit and performing secondary boosts to ensure stable conduction of transistors, the problems of insufficient on-duty cycle and drop in the existing ideal diode circuit are solved, and efficient on-duty performance is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202311340664.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-10-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-18
Smart Images
Figure CN119853437A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of electronic devices, and in particular, relates to an ideal diode circuit and a vehicle. Background Art
[0002] With the continuous development of the new energy vehicle field, the popularity of new energy vehicles continues to rise. In the circuit architecture inside the new energy vehicle, in order to suppress the reverse current in the DC loop, a large number of diodes need to be applied in the circuit architecture.
[0003] When a traditional diode is turned on, there is a certain voltage drop across its two ends, which results in power dissipation. This not only reduces the energy transmission efficiency, but also generates a lot of heat, causing the device temperature to rise. Therefore, ideal diodes are usually used to replace traditional diodes in current circuit architectures.
[0004] Ideal diodes include grounded and floating types. Floating ideal diodes do not require a ground terminal, and their application range is wider than that of grounded ideal diodes. However, current floating ideal diodes usually use a charge pump boost method. After being turned on for a period of time, they need to be turned off for a certain period of time to start the charge pump for boosting, resulting in the conduction duty cycle of the floating ideal diode not being able to reach 100%. During the time when the diode is turned off, the two ends of the diode are turned on through the body diode of the MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor), and the conduction voltage drop of the body diode will cause the output voltage of the diode to drop. When the diode is periodically turned off, it will produce a periodic output voltage drop, thereby affecting its conduction performance. Summary of the invention
[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide an ideal diode circuit and a vehicle, which can solve the problem that the existing ideal diode circuit produces periodic output voltage drops, affecting the conduction performance.
[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an ideal diode circuit, the ideal diode circuit comprising:
[0007] A power module, comprising a transistor and a comparison drive unit, wherein a first input terminal of the comparison drive unit is connected to a first terminal of the transistor, a second input terminal of the comparison drive unit is connected to a second terminal of the transistor via a reference voltage source, and an output terminal of the comparison drive unit is connected to a control terminal of the transistor; wherein the reference voltage source is used to maintain a reference voltage between the second input terminal of the comparison drive unit and the second terminal of the transistor;
[0008] A power supply module, comprising two voltage regulating units, wherein the power supply module is used to regulate the voltages at both ends of the transistor twice through the two voltage regulating units to obtain a first driving voltage when receiving a start signal; wherein the first driving voltage is a power supply voltage of the comparison driving unit;
[0009] The logic module is connected to the power module and is used to send a start signal to the power module when the voltage across the transistor is lower than a first threshold.
[0010] In some embodiments, the two voltage regulating units of the power module include a first voltage regulating unit and a second voltage regulating unit, and the power module is further configured to, upon receiving a shutdown signal, regulate the voltage across the transistor by the second voltage regulating unit to obtain a first driving voltage;
[0011] The logic module is also used to send a shutdown signal to the power module when the voltage across the transistor is higher than a second threshold; wherein the second threshold is greater than or equal to the first threshold.
[0012] In some embodiments, two voltage input terminals of the first voltage regulating unit are respectively connected to the first terminal of the transistor and the second terminal of the transistor, and the first voltage regulating unit includes an output capacitor and a plurality of voltage regulating capacitors; a single voltage regulating cycle of the first voltage regulating unit includes a power supply time period and a discharge time period;
[0013] In the power supply period, the first voltage regulating unit connects the two ends of each voltage regulating capacitor to the two voltage input ends of the first voltage regulating unit respectively, so as to charge each voltage regulating capacitor through the voltage across the two ends of the transistor;
[0014] In the discharge time period, the first voltage regulating unit sequentially connects the voltage regulating capacitors in series, and connects the multiple voltage regulating capacitors connected in series in parallel with the output capacitor, so as to charge the output capacitor through the multiple voltage regulating capacitors connected in series.
[0015] In some embodiments, the first voltage regulating unit includes:
[0016] n voltage regulating capacitors; wherein n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;
[0017] (n-1) connecting switches, two adjacent voltage regulating capacitors are connected in series via a connecting switch;
[0018] n first switches, the first ends of the n voltage regulating capacitors are respectively connected to the second end of the transistor through the corresponding first switches;
[0019] (n-1) second switches, the second ends of the first (n-1) voltage regulating capacitors among the n voltage regulating capacitors are connected to the second end of the transistor through the corresponding second switches, and the second end of the last voltage regulating capacitor among the n voltage regulating capacitors is connected to the second end of the transistor;
[0020] Output capacitor;
[0021] A third switch is connected between a first end of a first voltage regulating capacitor among the n voltage regulating capacitors and a first end of the output capacitor, and a second end of the output capacitor is connected to a second end of the transistor;
[0022] The fourth switch is connected between the first end of the output capacitor and the voltage output end of the first voltage regulating unit.
[0023] In some embodiments, the logic module includes:
[0024] A threshold comparison unit, the threshold comparison unit is used to output a first signal or a second signal according to the voltage across the transistor;
[0025] The logic signal unit is connected to the output end of the threshold comparison unit, and is used to alternately output a power supply control signal and a discharge control signal when receiving a first signal; the power supply control signal is used to drive the first switch, the second switch and the fourth switch to turn on, and the discharge control signal is used to drive the third switch and the connection switch to turn on.
[0026] In some embodiments, the logic module further includes:
[0027] A clock unit, connected to the logic signal unit, for outputting a clock signal;
[0028] The logic signal unit is used for outputting a power supply control signal and a discharge control signal alternately according to a clock signal.
[0029] In some embodiments, the clock unit includes a first power supply terminal and a second power supply terminal, and the logic signal unit includes a first power supply terminal and a second power supply terminal;
[0030] The first power supply terminal of the clock unit and the first power supply terminal of the logic signal unit are both connected to the first end of the transistor, and the second power supply terminal of the clock unit and the second power supply terminal of the logic signal unit are both connected to the voltage output terminal of the second voltage regulating unit.
[0031] In some embodiments, the logic signal unit is further configured to output a shutdown signal upon receiving the second signal;
[0032] The shutdown signal is used to drive the first switch, the second switch, the third switch and the fourth switch corresponding to the first voltage regulating capacitor among the n voltage regulating capacitors to turn on.
[0033] In some embodiments, the threshold comparison unit comprises:
[0034] A voltage divider circuit, wherein a first end of the voltage divider circuit is connected to a first end of the transistor, and a second end of the voltage divider circuit is connected to a second end of the transistor;
[0035] The comparator comprises a first comparison terminal, a second comparison terminal and a comparison output terminal, wherein the first comparison terminal is connected to the voltage dividing terminal of the voltage dividing circuit, the second comparison terminal is connected to the comparison voltage source, and the comparison output terminal is connected to the logic signal unit; wherein the comparison voltage source is used to provide a reference comparison voltage.
[0036] In some embodiments, the comparator is a hysteresis comparator, and the hysteresis comparator includes a first comparison value and a second comparison value; the first comparison value is less than the second comparison value;
[0037] The hysteresis comparator is used to output a first signal when the divided voltage of the voltage divider circuit is less than a first comparison value; and output a second signal when the divided voltage of the voltage divider circuit is greater than a second comparison value.
[0038] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle, the vehicle comprising an ideal diode circuit as in the first aspect.
[0039] The ideal diode circuit and vehicle provided in the embodiment of the present application can detect the voltage at both ends of the transistor by setting a logic module and a power module. When the voltage at both ends of the transistor is lower than the first threshold, it can be determined that the voltage at both ends of the transistor is small. At this time, it is necessary to perform a secondary boost on the voltage at both ends of the transistor by two voltage regulating units in the power module in succession to obtain a first driving voltage that can supply power to the comparison driving unit. Under the power supply of the first driving voltage, the comparison driving unit can drive the transistor to maintain stable conduction and achieve a 100% conduction duty cycle of the ideal diode circuit. Compared with the ideal diode circuit in the related art that requires a certain shutdown time in the conduction state to achieve charge pump boost and cannot achieve a 100% conduction duty cycle, it can improve the defects of the ideal diode circuit and improve the performance of the ideal diode circuit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
[0041] Figure 1 is a circuit structure diagram of an ideal diode circuit provided in one embodiment of the present application;
[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a partial module structure of an ideal diode circuit provided in one embodiment of the present application;
[0043] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a first voltage regulating unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0044] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a logic module provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0045] Figure 5 is a signal timing diagram of a power supply control signal and a discharge control signal provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0046] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of a logic signal unit and a clock unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0047] Figure 7 1 is a schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between the voltage regulation period and the percentage value of the Vout voltage relative to the maximum voltage provided by an embodiment of the present application.
[0048] In the attached figure:
[0049] 10. Power module; M1. Transistor; 11. Comparison driving unit; 12. Reference voltage source; 20. Power supply module; 21. Voltage regulating unit; 211. First voltage regulating unit; 212. Second voltage regulating unit; 30. Logic module; 31. Threshold comparison unit; 311. Voltage divider circuit; Comp. Comparator; 32. Logic signal unit; 33. Clock unit; C1. Voltage regulating capacitor; Cout. Output capacitor; Sm. Connection switch; Sp. First switch; Sn. Second switch; So1. Third switch; So2. Fourth switch; Vref. Reference voltage; Vdr. First driving voltage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0050] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present disclosure, the scheme of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
[0051] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; it is obvious that the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments.
[0052] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprises" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.
[0053] With the continuous development of the new energy vehicle field, the popularity of new energy vehicles continues to rise. In the circuit architecture inside the new energy vehicle, in order to suppress the reverse current in the DC loop, a large number of diodes need to be applied in the circuit architecture.
[0054] When a traditional diode is turned on, there is a certain voltage drop across its two ends, which results in power dissipation. This not only reduces the energy transmission efficiency, but also generates a lot of heat, causing the device temperature to rise. Therefore, ideal diodes are usually used to replace traditional diodes in current circuit architectures.
[0055] Ideal diodes include grounded and floating types. Floating ideal diodes do not require a ground terminal, and their application range is wider than that of grounded ideal diodes. However, the current floating ideal diodes have certain defects, which affect their conduction performance. For example, the floating ideal diode in the related art cannot maintain stable conduction, that is, the conduction duty cycle cannot reach 100%. This is because during the conduction process, it is necessary to periodically shut down for a period of time to start the charge pump for boosting during this period of time. Taking the use of MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-EffectTransistor) in the ideal diode circuit as an example, when the MOSFET is turned off, it needs to be turned on through the body diode of the MOSFET. At this time, the output voltage will have a certain drop until the MOSFET is turned on again, and the output voltage can rise again.
[0056] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application provide an ideal diode circuit and a vehicle. The ideal diode circuit provided by the embodiments of the present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings through some embodiments and their application scenarios.
[0057] Figure 1The module structure diagram of an ideal diode circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. The ideal diode circuit includes a power module 10, a power module 20 and a logic module 30.
[0058] The power module 10 includes a transistor M1 and a comparison driving unit 11. The first end of the transistor M1 can be used as an anode of an ideal diode circuit, and the second end of the transistor M1 can be used as a cathode of the ideal diode circuit.
[0059] The comparison driving unit 11 includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal and an output terminal. The first input terminal of the comparison driving unit 11 is connected to the first terminal of the transistor M1. The second input terminal of the comparison driving unit 11 can be connected to the second terminal of the transistor M1 through the reference voltage source 12. The output terminal of the comparison driving unit 11 is connected to the control terminal of the transistor M1. The voltage of the first terminal of the above-mentioned transistor M1 can be Va, the voltage of the second terminal of the transistor M1 can be Vc, and the voltage across the two terminals of the transistor M1 can be Vac.
[0060] The reference voltage source 12 can maintain the voltage at both ends as a stable reference voltage Vref. Both ends of the reference voltage source 12 are connected to the second input end of the comparison driving unit 11 and the second end of the transistor M1, respectively. That is, the voltage difference between the voltage signal provided by the reference voltage source 12 to the second input end of the comparison driving unit 11 and the voltage at the second end of the transistor M1 is the reference voltage Vref.
[0061] The comparison drive unit 11 can compare the voltages of the two input terminals, and output a corresponding drive signal according to the comparison result to drive the transistor M1 to be turned on or off. For example, when the comparison drive unit 11 compares and obtains that the voltage of the first input terminal is higher than the voltage of the second input terminal, the comparison drive unit 11 can output a conduction signal to increase the conduction amplitude of the transistor M1, and finally make the voltage of the first input terminal consistent with the voltage of the second input terminal, or the transistor M1 reaches a saturated conduction state. The voltage of the first input terminal of the comparison drive unit 11 is the first terminal voltage of the transistor M1, that is, the anode voltage of the ideal diode circuit, and the voltage of the second input terminal of the comparison drive unit 11 is the sum of the second terminal voltage of the transistor M1 and the reference voltage Vref, that is, the sum of the cathode voltage of the ideal diode circuit and the reference voltage Vref. When the voltage of the first input terminal is consistent with the voltage of the second input terminal, the voltage difference between the anode and the cathode of the ideal diode circuit is the reference voltage Vref, and the transistor M1 is in the on state at this time.
[0062] The power module 20 may include two voltage regulating units 21. When the power module 20 receives a start signal, the voltage Vac across the transistor M1 may be regulated twice by the two voltage regulating units 21 to generate a first driving voltage Vdr. The first driving voltage Vdr may be used as a power supply voltage of the comparison driving unit 11 to power the comparison driving unit 11, so that the comparison driving unit 11 can control the conduction state of the transistor M1.
[0063] The logic module 30 can be connected to the power module 20 and detect the voltage Vac at both ends of the transistor M1. When the voltage Vac at both ends of the transistor M1 is lower than a preset first threshold, the logic module 30 can send a start signal to the power module 20, so that the power module 20 performs two voltage regulation operations through two voltage regulation units 21 when the voltage Vac at both ends of the transistor M1 is low, and converts the lower voltage into a higher first driving voltage Vdr, thereby supplying power to the comparison driving unit 11, so that the comparison driving unit 11 can drive the transistor M1 to turn on.
[0064] As an optional implementation, taking the above transistor M1 as an N-channel MOSFET as an example, the first end, the second end and the control end of the transistor M1 are the source, the drain and the gate of the N-channel MOSFET respectively. The N-channel MOSFET also includes a body diode, the anode of the body diode is connected to the source, and the cathode is connected to the drain.
[0065] At the moment of power-on, a forward voltage is applied between the anode and cathode of the ideal diode circuit. At this time, each module does not start working, the MOSFET is in the cut-off state, and the body diode of the MOSFET is turned on. Since the body diode is an ordinary diode, the conduction voltage drop is usually around 0.7V, so the voltage between the first and second terminals of the MOSFET at this time is the conduction voltage drop of the body diode.
[0066] The reference voltage Vref that the reference voltage source 12 can provide is usually a relatively small voltage. For example, the reference voltage Vref is 30 mV. Since the first end of the comparison drive unit 11 is connected to the first end of the MOSFET, the second end of the comparison drive unit 11 is connected to the second end of the MOSFET through the reference voltage source 12. When the voltage between the first and second ends of the MOSFET is about 0.7 V, after the reference voltage source 12 increases the voltage of the second end of the MOSFET by 30 mV, it is still much smaller than the voltage of the first end of the MOSFET. At this time, the voltage of the first input end of the comparison drive unit 11 is higher than the voltage of the second input end. The comparison drive unit 11 can output a relatively high conduction drive signal, so that the MOSFET is gradually turned on.
[0067] In the process of the MOSFET gradually turning on, the voltage between the first end and the second end of the MOSFET gradually decreases. At this time, the logic module 30 can obtain the voltage Vac between the two ends of the MOSFET and compare the voltage between the two ends with the first threshold. When the logic module 30 determines that the voltage Vac between the two ends of the transistor M1 is lower than the first threshold, it means that the voltage between the first end and the second end of the MOSFET is reduced from about 0.7V to a smaller voltage. At this time, the voltage cannot be boosted once to power the comparison drive unit 11, and the logic module 30 can send a start signal to the power module 20.
[0068] The power module 20 includes two voltage regulating units 21. When the voltage Vac across the MOSFET is high, the power module 20 can only operate one of the voltage regulating units 21. The voltage regulating unit 21 can boost the voltage Vac across the MOSFET to obtain the first drive voltage Vdr, and supply power to the comparison drive unit 11 through the first drive voltage Vdr, so that the comparison drive unit 11 can maintain the MOSFET on. However, as the conduction amplitude of the MOSFET gradually increases, the voltage Vac across the MOSFET will continue to decrease. After the voltage Vac across the MOSFET decreases to a certain extent, only one voltage regulating unit 21 in the power module 20 can not obtain a power supply voltage that meets the power supply demand of the comparison drive unit 11 by boosting, that is, when the voltage Vac across the MOSFET is low, a single voltage regulating unit 21 cannot increase the voltage to the first drive voltage Vdr.
[0069] After the logic module 30 sends a start signal to the power module 20, the power module 20 can regulate the voltage Vac at both ends of the MOSFET twice through two voltage regulating units 21, that is, after boosting the voltage Vac at both ends of the MOSFET through one voltage regulating unit 21, the boosted voltage is boosted a second time through another voltage regulating unit 21 to obtain the first driving voltage Vdr.
[0070] It can be understood that in the process of the comparison drive unit 11 driving the MOSFET to gradually turn on, there are two situations. The first situation is that the voltages received by the two input terminals of the comparison drive unit 11 are consistent. At this time, the voltage difference between the first terminal and the second terminal of the MOSFET is the reference voltage Vref provided by the reference voltage source 12. At this time, the logic module 30 will send a start signal to the power module 20 because the voltage Vac at both ends of the MOSFET is lower than the first threshold. When the power module 20 receives the start signal, it can boost the voltage Vac at both ends of the MOSFET twice through the two voltage regulating units 21 to obtain the first drive voltage Vdr. That is, the two voltage regulating units 21 can obtain the first drive voltage Vdr by boosting twice when the voltage Vac at both ends of the MOSFET is the reference voltage Vref. Under the power supply of the first drive voltage Vdr, the comparison drive unit 11 can continue to stably output the control signal to maintain the stable conduction of the MOSFET.
[0071] In the second case, the control voltage provided by the comparison driving unit 11 to the gate of the MOSFET causes the MOSFET to enter a saturated conduction state, at which time the voltage difference between the first end and the second end of the MOSFET is greater than the reference voltage Vref. Since the two voltage regulating units 21 can obtain the first driving voltage Vdr by boosting the reference voltage Vref twice, when the voltage Vac at both ends of the MOSFET is greater than the reference voltage Vref, the two voltage regulating units 21 can also obtain the first driving voltage Vdr by boosting twice. That is, in the two cases where the comparison driving unit 11 drives the MOSFET to gradually turn on, whether the voltage difference between the first end and the second end of the MOSFET is reduced from about 0.7V to the reference voltage Vref, or the MOSFET enters a saturated conduction state during the process of reducing the voltage difference between the first end and the second end of the MOSFET, the power supply module 20 can realize the output of the first driving voltage Vdr, and supply power to the comparison driving unit 11, so that the comparison driving unit 11 can drive the MOSFET to maintain stable conduction, thereby realizing the stable conduction of the ideal diode circuit.
[0072] In this embodiment, by setting the logic module 30 and the power module 20, the logic module 30 can be used to detect the voltage Vac across the transistor M1. When the voltage Vac across the transistor M1 is lower than the first threshold, it can be determined that the voltage Vac across the transistor M1 is small. At this time, the two voltage regulating units 21 in the power module 20 need to be used to boost the voltage Vac across the transistor M1 twice in succession to obtain the first driving voltage Vdr that can power the comparison driving unit 11. The comparison driving unit 11 can drive the transistor M1 to maintain stable conduction under the power supply of the first driving voltage Vdr, and realize the 100% conduction duty cycle of the ideal diode circuit. Compared with the ideal diode circuit in the related art that requires a certain off time in the conduction state to realize the charge pump boost and cannot achieve a 100% conduction duty cycle, the defects of the ideal diode circuit can be improved and the performance of the ideal diode circuit can be improved.
[0073] Please refer to Figure 2 In some embodiments, the two voltage regulating units 21 of the power module 20 are respectively a first voltage regulating unit 211 and a second voltage regulating unit 212. When receiving the shutdown signal, the power module 20 can only boost the voltage Vac across the transistor M1 once through the second voltage regulating unit 212, thereby obtaining the first driving voltage Vdr to power the comparison driving unit 11.
[0074] The logic module 30 can also compare the voltage Vac across the transistor M1 with a second threshold value. When the voltage Vac across the transistor M1 is higher than the second threshold value, the logic module 30 can send a shutdown signal to the power module 20, so that the power module 20 operates the second voltage regulating unit 212 alone according to the shutdown signal. The second threshold value can be equal to the first threshold value, or the second threshold value can be greater than the first threshold value.
[0075] Taking the power-on process of an ideal diode circuit as an example, transistor M1 is an N-channel MOSFET. At the moment of power-on, the MOSFET is in the cut-off state, and the body diode of the MOSFET is turned on. At this time, the voltage difference Vac across the MOSFET is the conduction voltage drop of the body diode, which is about 0.7V.
[0076] When the voltage Vac across the MOSFET is about 0.7V, the power module 20 can only boost the voltage Vac across the MOSFET through the second voltage regulating unit 212 to obtain the first driving voltage Vdr. The first driving voltage Vdr can be 5V or other voltage values.
[0077] When the voltage Vac across the MOSFET gradually decreases, if the voltage Vac across the MOSFET decreases to below the first threshold, the logic module 30 can determine that the single second voltage regulating unit 212 cannot boost the voltage Vac across the MOSFET to the first driving voltage Vdr, and the logic module 30 can send a start signal to the power module 20. The power module 20 can start the first voltage regulating unit 211 according to the start signal, and the first voltage regulating unit 211 performs a boost process on the voltage Vac across the MOSFET to obtain a boosted voltage, and inputs the boosted voltage into the second voltage regulating unit 212, and the second voltage regulating unit 212 performs a second boost on the boosted voltage to finally obtain the first driving voltage Vdr.
[0078] Taking the reference voltage Vref as 30mV as an example, when the voltage Vac across the MOSFET is reduced to 30mV, the first voltage regulating unit 211 can boost the voltage Vac across the MOSFET once, for example, when the boost ratio of the first voltage regulating unit 211 is 20 times, the voltage Vac across the MOSFET can be increased from 30mV to 0.6V. When the voltage Vac across the MOSFET is reduced to 30mV, the single second voltage regulating unit 212 cannot boost 30mV to the first driving voltage Vdr, but after the first voltage regulating unit 211 boosts the voltage Vac across the MOSFET from 30mV to 0.6V, the second voltage regulating unit 212 can boost 0.6V to the first driving voltage Vdr.
[0079] From the above analysis, it can be known that since the reference voltage Vref provided by the reference voltage source 12 is 30mV, the minimum value of the voltage Vac across the MOSFET is 30mV. Since in the case of 30mV, the power module 20 can obtain the first driving voltage Vdr by boosting the voltage twice through the two voltage regulating units 21, when the voltage Vac across the MOSFET is higher than 30mV, the power module 20 can undoubtedly obtain the first driving voltage Vdr by boosting the voltage twice through the two voltage regulating units 21. That is, the power module 20 can stably provide the first driving voltage Vdr to power the comparison driving unit 11, so that the comparison driving unit 11 can drive the MOSFET to stably turn on.
[0080] When the voltage Vac across the MOSFET is increased from a lower voltage value, the logic module 30 can also determine whether the voltage Vac across the MOSFET is higher than the second threshold value. When the voltage Vac across the MOSFET is higher than the second threshold value, the second voltage regulating unit 212 can independently boost the voltage Vac across the MOSFET to the first driving voltage Vdr. At this time, the logic module 30 can send a shutdown signal to the power module 20, and the power module 20 can stop running the first voltage regulating unit 211 according to the shutdown signal, and only boost the voltage through the second voltage regulating unit 212.
[0081] Please refer to Figure 3 In some embodiments, the first voltage regulating unit 211 includes two voltage input terminals, which are respectively connected to the first terminal of the transistor M1 and the second terminal of the transistor M1. That is, the voltage received by the first voltage regulating unit 211 is the voltage Vac across the transistor M1.
[0082] The first voltage regulating unit 211 may include an output capacitor Cout and a plurality of voltage regulating capacitors C1. A single voltage regulating cycle of the first voltage regulating unit 211 may include a power supply period and a discharge period. The capacitances of the plurality of voltage regulating capacitors C1 may be the same.
[0083] During the power supply period, the first voltage regulating unit 211 can connect the two ends of each voltage regulating capacitor C1 to the two voltage input terminals of the first voltage regulating unit 211, so as to charge each voltage regulating capacitor C1 through the voltage Vac across the two ends of the transistor M1. The voltage across the two ends of each voltage regulating capacitor C1 after being charged is the voltage Vac across the two ends of the transistor M1.
[0084] During the discharge time period, the first voltage regulating unit 211 can sequentially connect the various voltage regulating capacitors C1 in series, and connect the multiple voltage regulating capacitors C1 in series in parallel with the output capacitor Cout. Since the voltage across each voltage regulating capacitor C1 is the voltage Vac across the transistor M1, when the first voltage regulating unit 211 includes n voltage regulating capacitors C1, the voltage across the n voltage regulating capacitors C1 sequentially connected in series is n times the voltage Vac across the transistor M1, and the output capacitor Cout can be charged by the charges stored in the n voltage regulating capacitors C1.
[0085] In multiple voltage regulation cycles of the first voltage regulation unit 211, the input voltage can be boosted to obtain the output voltage. The input voltage is the voltage Vac across the transistor M1, and the boost ratio can be the number of voltage regulation capacitors C1, that is, n times. Finally, the output voltage can be boosted to n times the voltage Vac across the transistor M1.
[0086] The first voltage regulating unit 211 is a low-voltage charge pump that can boost a relatively low input voltage by multiples. The second voltage regulating unit 212 can be a high-voltage charge pump that cannot directly boost a relatively low input voltage to the first driving voltage Vdr. However, after the first voltage regulating unit 211 boosts the relatively low input voltage by multiples, the second voltage regulating unit 212 can boost the boosted voltage twice to finally obtain the first driving voltage Vdr.
[0087] Please continue to refer to Figure 3 In some embodiments, the first voltage regulating unit 211 may include n voltage regulating capacitors C1, (n-1) connecting switches Sm, n first switches Sp, (n-1) second switches Sn, an output capacitor Cout, a third switch So1, and a fourth switch So2. Where n may be a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
[0088] The n first switches Sp are Sp1, Sp2, ..., Spn, the (n-1) second switches Sn are Sn1, Sn2, ..., Sn(n-1), and the (n-1) connecting switches Sm are Sm1, Sm2, ..., Sm(n-1).
[0089] Among the (n-1) connecting switches Sm, two adjacent voltage regulating capacitors C1 can be connected in series through one connecting switch Sm, and therefore, (n-1) connecting switches Sm are required to sequentially connect n voltage regulating capacitors C1 in series.
[0090] The first end of each voltage regulating capacitor C1 can be connected to the second end of the transistor M1 through a corresponding first switch Sp. Connecting n voltage regulating capacitors C1 to the second end of the transistor M1 requires n first switches Sp.
[0091] Among the n voltage regulating capacitors C1, the second ends of the first (n-1) voltage regulating capacitors C1 are connected to the second end of the transistor M1 through the corresponding second switches Sn, and the first (n-1) voltage regulating capacitors C1 are respectively provided with (n-1) second switches Sn. The second end of the last voltage regulating capacitor C1 among the n voltage regulating capacitors C1 can be directly connected to the second end of the transistor M1, and there is no need to provide a corresponding second switch Sn.
[0092] A first end of a first voltage regulating capacitor C1 among the n voltage regulating capacitors C1 may be connected to a first end of an output capacitor Cout through a third switch So1 , and a second end of the output capacitor Cout may be connected to a second end of the transistor M1 .
[0093] The first end of the output capacitor Cout may also be connected to the voltage output end Vout of the first voltage regulating unit 211 through the fourth switch So2.
[0094] Through the above-mentioned charge pump structure, during the power supply period, each voltage regulating capacitor C1 can be charged by the voltage Vac across the transistor M1, and during the discharge period, multiple voltage regulating capacitors C1 are connected in series in sequence to generate a voltage n times the voltage Vac across the transistor M1 to charge the output capacitor Cout, thereby realizing the boost function.
[0095] Please refer to Figure 4 In some embodiments, the logic module 30 may include a threshold comparison unit 31 and a logic signal unit 32 .
[0096] The threshold comparison unit 31 can obtain the voltage Vac across the transistor M1 , and output a first signal or a second signal according to the voltage Vac across the transistor M1 .
[0097] The logic signal unit 32 is connected to the output end of the threshold comparison unit 31. When the logic signal unit 32 receives the first signal, it can alternately output the power supply control signal and the discharge control signal. The logic module 30 outputs the start signal, which means that the logic signal unit 32 alternately outputs the power supply control signal and the discharge control signal. Figure 5 A signal timing diagram of a power supply control signal and a discharge control signal is shown, wherein clk1 is the discharge control signal and clk2 is the charge control signal.
[0098] The power supply control signal can drive all the first switches Sp, all the second switches Sn and the fourth switch So2 in the above-mentioned first voltage regulating unit 211 to be turned on. This is the power supply time period. Both ends of each voltage regulating capacitor C1 are connected to both ends of the transistor M1. By charging each voltage regulating capacitor C1, the voltage across both ends of each voltage regulating capacitor C1 reaches the voltage Vac across both ends of the transistor M1.
[0099] During the power supply period, the fourth switch So2 is turned on, and at this time the output capacitor Cout can output the voltage charged during the discharge period in the previous voltage regulation cycle.
[0100] The discharge control signal can drive all the third switches So1 and the connection switches Sm in the first voltage regulating unit 211 to turn on. This is the discharge time period, and the n voltage regulating capacitors C1 are connected in series in sequence through (n-1) connection switches Sm, and the overall voltage after the series connection is n times the voltage Vac across the transistor M1.
[0101] During the discharge period, the third switch So1 is turned on, and the n voltage regulating capacitors C1 connected in series can charge the output capacitor Cout, thereby increasing the voltage across the output capacitor Cout. After multiple voltage regulating cycles, the voltage across the output capacitor Cout can eventually be increased to n times the voltage Vac across the transistor M1.
[0102] In some embodiments, the logic signal unit 32 may further output a shutdown signal upon receiving the second signal, and the shutdown signal is the shutdown signal output by the logic module 30. The shutdown signal may drive the first switch Sp and the second switch Sn, the third switch So1, and the fourth switch So2 corresponding to the first voltage regulating capacitor C1 among the n voltage regulating capacitors C1 to turn on.
[0103] Under the shutdown signal, only the first voltage regulating capacitor C1 among the n voltage regulating capacitors C1 is connected to both ends of the transistor M1. At this time, the voltage across the first voltage regulating capacitor C1 is the voltage Vac across the transistor M1. Since the third switch So1 and the fourth switch So2 are both in the on state, the voltage across the output capacitor Cout is the same as the first voltage regulating capacitor C1, which is the voltage Vac across the transistor M1.
[0104] The voltage output terminal Vout of the first voltage regulating unit 211 can be connected to the voltage input terminal of the second voltage regulating unit 212. Under the shutdown signal, the first voltage regulating unit 211 does not play a boosting role, but only plays a transmission role, transmitting the voltage Vac across the transistor M1 to the second voltage regulating unit 212. At this time, the second voltage regulating unit 212 can directly boost the voltage Vac across the transistor M1 to obtain the first driving voltage Vdr.
[0105] In some embodiments, the logic module 30 may further include a clock unit 33 .
[0106] The clock unit 33 may be connected to the logic signal unit 32 to output a clock signal to the logic signal unit 32 .
[0107] The logic signal unit 32 can output the power control signal and the discharge control signal alternately according to the clock signal. That is, when the logic signal unit 32 obtains the rising edge or falling edge of the clock signal unit, it can switch the power control signal to the discharge control signal or switch the discharge control signal to the power control signal.
[0108] Please refer to Figure 6 In some embodiments, the clock unit 33 may include a first power supply terminal Vcc1 and a second power supply terminal Vcc2, and the logic signal unit 32 may also include a first power supply terminal Vcc1 and a second power supply terminal Vcc2.
[0109] The first power supply terminal Vcc1 of the clock unit 33 and the first power supply terminal Vcc1 of the logic signal unit 32 are both connected to the first end of the transistor M1, and the second power supply terminal Vcc2 of the clock unit 33 and the second power supply terminal Vcc2 of the logic signal unit 32 are both connected to the voltage output terminal of the second voltage regulating unit 212.
[0110] Taking the transistor M1 as a MOSFET as an example, when the MOSFET is turned off, the voltage Vac across the MOSFET is the conduction voltage drop of the body diode. At this time, the voltage Vac across the MOSFET is relatively high and can be directly used as the power supply voltage of the clock unit 33 and the logic signal unit 32.
[0111] The first driving voltage Vdr output by the second voltage regulating unit 212 can be used as a second power supply for the clock unit 33 and the logic signal unit 32 in addition to supplying power to the comparison driving unit 11, to supply power to the clock unit 33 and the logic signal unit 32. In the process that the MOSFET is gradually turned on and the voltage Vac across the MOSFET is gradually reduced, when the voltage Vac across the MOSFET is unable to supply power to the clock unit 33 and the logic signal unit 32, the first driving voltage Vdr can be used as the second power supply to supply power to the clock unit 33 and the logic signal unit 32.
[0112] Please continue to refer to Figure 4 In some embodiments, the threshold comparison unit 31 may include a voltage divider circuit 311 and a comparator Comp.
[0113] The first end of the voltage divider circuit 311 is connected to the first end of the transistor M1, and the second end of the voltage divider circuit 311 is connected to the second end of the transistor M1. The voltage divider circuit 311 may include a pull-up resistor R1 and a pull-down resistor R2, which can divide the voltage Vac across the transistor M1.
[0114] The comparator Comp may include a first comparison terminal, a second comparison terminal and a comparison output terminal, wherein the first comparison terminal is connected to the voltage dividing terminal of the voltage dividing circuit 311, the second comparison terminal is connected to the comparison voltage source, and the comparison output terminal is connected to the logic signal unit 32. The comparison voltage source can be used as a reference comparison voltage.
[0115] The voltage dividing end of the voltage dividing circuit 311 is the common node of the pull-up resistor R1 and the pull-down resistor R2. The comparator Comp can obtain the voltage divided by the voltage dividing circuit 311 and compare the divided voltage with the reference comparison voltage provided by the comparison voltage source.
[0116] When the voltage Vac across the transistor M1 gradually decreases, the divided voltage output by the voltage divider circuit 311 also gradually decreases. When the divided voltage is high, the comparator Comp can output a second signal. After the divided voltage decreases to below the critical value of the comparator Comp, the comparator Comp can flip the second signal to the first signal. After the divided voltage increases to above the critical value of the comparator Comp, the comparator Comp can flip the first signal to the second signal.
[0117] In some embodiments, the comparator Comp may be a hysteresis comparator, which may include a first comparison value and a second comparison value, wherein the first comparison value is smaller than the second comparison value.
[0118] When the comparator Comp has only one comparison value, if the divided voltage of the voltage divider circuit 311 fluctuates around the comparison value, the output signal of the comparator Comp will be constantly flipped, thereby affecting the output control of the logic module 30. Therefore, by selecting the comparator Comp as a hysteresis comparator, a first comparison value and a second comparison value can be obtained. The first comparison value is a lower comparison threshold, and the second comparison value is a higher comparison threshold. When the divided voltage output by the voltage divider circuit 311 is lower than the first comparison value, the hysteresis comparator flips the second signal to the first signal; when the divided voltage output by the voltage divider circuit 311 is higher than the second comparison value, the hysteresis comparator flips the first signal to the second signal.
[0119] It can be understood that the first comparison value can correspond to the first threshold value, that is, by setting the pull-up resistor and the pull-down resistor of the voltage divider circuit 311, when the output voltage of the voltage divider circuit 311 is lower than the first comparison value, it can be determined that the voltage Vac across the transistor M1 is lower than the first threshold value. Similarly, when the output voltage of the voltage divider circuit 311 is higher than the second comparison value, it can be determined that the voltage Vac across the transistor M1 is higher than the second threshold value.
[0120] Please refer to Figure 3 As an optional implementation, among the n voltage regulating capacitors C1, the first terminal voltage of the first voltage regulating capacitor C1 may be Vm1, and the first terminal voltage of the output capacitor Cout may be Vm2.
[0121] In the discharge time period, when multiple first voltage regulating capacitors C1 are connected in series, the voltage of Vm1 is Vm11, where:
[0122] V m11 =(x+2)V ac ;
[0123] That is, the voltage at the first terminal of the first voltage regulating capacitor C1 is (x+2) times the voltage Vac across the transistor M1 , where (x+2) is the number of the voltage regulating capacitors C1 .
[0124] After multiple voltage regulating capacitors C1 are connected in series to charge the output capacitor Cout and stabilize, the voltage of Vm1 is Vm12:
[0125]
[0126] According to the corresponding relationship between the voltage regulating capacitor C1 and the output capacitor Cout, k*C1=Cout, the above Vm12 can be converted into:
[0127]
[0128] After the first voltage regulation cycle, Vm12-1 is:
[0129]
[0130] After the second voltage regulation cycle, Vm12-2 is:
[0131]
[0132] After the nth voltage regulation cycle, Vm12-n is:
[0133]
[0134] When n approaches infinity, we have:
[0135]
[0136] That is, the maximum voltage across the output capacitor Cout is (x+2)*Vac.
[0137] The period n required for the Vout voltage of the output capacitor Cout to reach m (m is the percentage) of (x+2)Vac is n, so:
[0138] V m12-n =m(x+2)V ac ;
[0139] Right now:
[0140]
[0141] The above functional equation is a transcendental equation, which usually has no analytical solution, but an approximate solution can be obtained by computer.
[0142] In an exemplary implementation, the values of the various parameters are set as follows:
[0143] V ac =30mV;
[0144] x+2=20;
[0145] C1=10nF;
[0146] C out =100nF;
[0147] k = 10;
[0148] Figure 7 The corresponding relationship between the voltage regulation period and the percentage value of the Vout voltage of the output capacitor Cout to (x+2)Vac is shown.
[0149] Taking the period required for the Vout voltage of the output capacitor Cout to reach 80% of the maximum voltage across the terminals (x+2)*Vac as an example, substituting the above parameter values into the period, we can get:
[0150]
[0151] It can be solved that n is 313, that is, under the above parameters, after 313 cycles, the Vout voltage of the output capacitor Cout can reach 80% of the maximum voltage across the terminals (x+2)*Vac. Taking the reference voltage Vref as 30mV as an example, after 313 voltage regulation cycles, the Vout voltage output by the first voltage regulation unit 211 can reach 480mV, that is, 0.48V. At this time, the second voltage regulation unit 212 can boost 0.48V to the first driving voltage, thereby realizing the power supply of the comparison driving unit 11, so that the transistor M1 can be stably turned on.
[0152] An embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle, which may include the ideal diode circuit in the above embodiment.
[0153] The functional blocks shown in the above block diagram can be implemented as hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. When implemented in hardware, it can be, for example, an electronic circuit, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), appropriate firmware, a plug-in, a function card, etc. When implemented in software, the elements of the present application are programs or code segments that are used to perform the required tasks. The program or code segment can be stored in a machine-readable medium, or transmitted on a transmission medium or a communication link by a data signal carried in a carrier wave. "Machine-readable medium" can include any medium capable of storing or transmitting information. Examples of machine-readable media include electronic circuits, semiconductor memory devices, ROM, flash memory, erasable ROM (EROM), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, optical fiber media, radio frequency (RF) links, etc. The code segment can be downloaded via a computer network such as the Internet, an intranet, etc.
[0154] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.
[0155] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The above examples are only used to help understand the methods and core ideas of this application. The above are only optional implementation methods of this application. It should be pointed out that due to the limitations of textual expression and the objective existence of infinite specific structures, ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements, modifications or changes without departing from the principles of this application, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner; these improvements, modifications, changes or combinations, or the direct application of the concepts and technical solutions of this application to other occasions without improvement, should be regarded as the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. An ideal diode circuit, characterized in that: The ideal diode circuit comprises: A power module, comprising a transistor and a comparison drive unit, wherein a first input terminal of the comparison drive unit is connected to a first terminal of the transistor, a second input terminal of the comparison drive unit is connected to a second terminal of the transistor via a reference voltage source, and an output terminal of the comparison drive unit is connected to a control terminal of the transistor; wherein the reference voltage source is used to maintain a reference voltage between the second input terminal of the comparison drive unit and the second terminal of the transistor; A power supply module, comprising two voltage regulating units, wherein the power supply module is used to, upon receiving a start signal, regulate the voltages at both ends of the transistor twice through the two voltage regulating units to obtain a first driving voltage; wherein the first driving voltage is a power supply voltage of the comparison driving unit; The logic module is connected to the power module and is used to send the start signal to the power module when the voltage across the transistor is lower than a first threshold.
2. The ideal diode circuit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The two voltage regulating units of the power module include a first voltage regulating unit and a second voltage regulating unit, and the power module is further used to regulate the voltage across the transistor once through the second voltage regulating unit to obtain a first driving voltage when a shutdown signal is received; The logic module is further configured to send a shutdown signal to the power module when the voltage across the transistor is higher than a second threshold; wherein the second threshold is greater than or equal to the first threshold.
3. The ideal diode circuit as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that The two voltage input terminals of the first voltage regulating unit are respectively connected to the first terminal of the transistor and the second terminal of the transistor, and the first voltage regulating unit includes an output capacitor and a plurality of voltage regulating capacitors; a single voltage regulating cycle of the first voltage regulating unit includes a power supply time period and a discharge time period; In the power supply time period, the first voltage regulating unit connects two ends of each of the voltage regulating capacitors to two voltage input ends of the first voltage regulating unit respectively, so as to charge each of the voltage regulating capacitors through the voltage across the two ends of the transistor; In the discharge time period, the first voltage regulating unit sequentially connects the voltage regulating capacitors in series, and connects the plurality of voltage regulating capacitors connected in series in parallel with the output capacitor, so as to charge the output capacitor through the plurality of voltage regulating capacitors connected in series.
4. The ideal diode circuit as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The first voltage regulating unit comprises: n voltage regulating capacitors; wherein n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; (n-1) connecting switches, two adjacent voltage regulating capacitors are connected in series via one of the connecting switches; n first switches, the first ends of the n voltage regulating capacitors are respectively connected to the second end of the transistor through the corresponding first switches; (n-1) second switches, the second ends of the first (n-1) voltage regulating capacitors among the n voltage regulating capacitors are connected through corresponding The second switch is connected to the second end of the transistor, and the second end of the last voltage regulating capacitor among the n voltage regulating capacitors is connected to the second end of the transistor; Output capacitor; A third switch is connected between a first end of a first voltage regulating capacitor among the n voltage regulating capacitors and a first end of the output capacitor, and a second end of the output capacitor is connected to a second end of the transistor; The fourth switch is connected between the first end of the output capacitor and the voltage output end of the first voltage regulating unit.
5. The ideal diode circuit as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The logic module includes: a threshold comparison unit, the threshold comparison unit being used to output a first signal or a second signal according to a voltage across two ends of the transistor; A logic signal unit is connected to the output end of the threshold comparison unit, and is used to alternately output a power supply control signal and a discharge control signal when receiving the first signal; the power supply control signal is used to drive the first switch, the second switch and the fourth switch to be turned on, and the discharge control signal is used to drive the third switch and the connection switch to be turned on.
6. The ideal diode circuit as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The logic module also includes: A clock unit, connected to the logic signal unit, and configured to output a clock signal; The logic signal unit is used for outputting the power supply control signal and the discharge control signal alternately according to the clock signal.
7. The ideal diode circuit as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The clock unit includes a first power supply terminal and a second power supply terminal, and the logic signal unit includes a first power supply terminal and a second power supply terminal; The first power supply terminal of the clock unit and the first power supply terminal of the logic signal unit are both connected to the first end of the transistor, and the second power supply terminal of the clock unit and the second power supply terminal of the logic signal unit are both connected to the voltage output terminal of the second voltage regulating unit.
8. The ideal diode circuit as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The logic signal unit is further configured to output a shutdown signal upon receiving the second signal; The shutdown signal is used to drive the first switch and the second switch corresponding to the first voltage regulating capacitor among the n voltage regulating capacitors, the third switch, and the fourth switch to turn on.
9. The ideal diode circuit as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The threshold comparison unit comprises: A voltage divider circuit, wherein a first end of the voltage divider circuit is connected to a first end of the transistor, and a second end of the voltage divider circuit is connected to a second end of the transistor; A comparator comprises a first comparison terminal, a second comparison terminal and a comparison output terminal, wherein the first comparison terminal is connected to the voltage divider terminal of the voltage divider circuit, the second comparison terminal is connected to a comparison voltage source, and the comparison output terminal is connected to the logic signal unit; wherein the comparison voltage source is used to provide a reference comparison voltage.
10. The ideal diode circuit as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The comparator is a hysteresis comparator, and the hysteresis comparator includes a first comparison value and a second comparison value; the first comparison value is smaller than the second comparison value; The hysteresis comparator is used to output the first signal when the divided voltage of the voltage divider circuit is less than the first comparison value; and output the second signal when the divided voltage of the voltage divider circuit is greater than the second comparison value.
11. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises an ideal diode circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1-10.