Composite pane having reflective surface applied to some areas thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite pane (100) comprising at least an outer pane (1), a thermoplastic intermediate layer (3), an inner pane (2), at least one masking layer (4) arranged in the region of the composite pane (100), an adhesive layer (5), and a metal foil (6) having an outer surface (V) and an inner surface (VI) on which a reflective surface (7) for reflecting light is arranged. The thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) is arranged between the outer pane (1) and the inner pane (2), the adhesive layer (5) is arranged between the inner pane (2) and the metal foil (6), and the metal foil (6) is arranged in the region of the composite pane (100) which lies entirely in the region in which the masking layer (4) is arranged when viewed vertically through the composite pane (100).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a laminated pane having a reflective surface applied in certain areas, a method for its production and its use, and a projection assembly.

[0002] Modern cars are increasingly equipped with so-called head-up displays (HUD). With the aid of a projector, usually in the area of ​​the instrument panel, an image is projected onto the windshield, where it is reflected and perceived by the driver as a virtual image behind the windshield. Important information can thus be projected into the driver's field of vision, such as the current driving speed, navigation messages or warnings, so that the driver can perceive them without having to take his eyes off the road. Head-up displays can thus contribute significantly to increasing traffic safety.

[0003] However, head-up displays often have the problem that the windshield area provided for reflecting the light projected by the projector must have a high transparency of usually at least 70%. The reflected light of the projector is therefore covered by the light from the external environment, which, depending on the lighting conditions, may lead to a reduced contrast of the virtual image and, therefore, a poor visual perception of the driver. Sufficient visual perception should be ensured under all weather and lighting conditions, in particular for safety-related information such as lane assistance, speed display or the rotation speed of the motor. It would therefore be desirable to have a projection assembly based on head-up display technology in which no unwanted ghost images occur, and whose arrangement is relatively easy to implement and the displayed image information has good recognizability, sufficient brightness and contrast. In order to achieve this, the contrast in the reflective area of ​​the windshield must be increased. For example, the contrast increase can be achieved by making the background of the reflective area largely or completely opaque. However, such a solution requires that the reflective layer is applied only in a localized limited area of ​​the windshield.

[0004] The application of the metal coating to the glass panes is usually achieved by means of sputtering, in particular magnetron sputtering. During sputtering, atoms are released from the target by bombarding the target with ions. The glass panes are coated with the atoms released from the target in a vacuum chamber by means of physical vapor deposition. The atoms move through the chamber towards the glass panes under the guidance of an electric field. They move from the cathode on which the target is arranged towards the anode. Since the glass panes are arranged between the cathode and the anode, a layer is formed on the glass panes. In the case of magnetron sputtering, an additional magnetic field is arranged behind the cathode, which brings about faster layer growth and a denser, i.e. less porous layer. Methods for coating glass panes using sputtering are known, for example, from WO 9900528A1, DE 10126868C1 and WO 2017198363A1.

[0005] Magnetron sputtering is therefore also suitable for coating glass sheets, since, unlike many other coating techniques, it can also be used if the glass sheet is curved, as is the case for glass sheets for the automotive industry, for example. However, a disadvantage of sputtering is that, without special precautions, it is not possible to selectively coat specific surface areas, but always the entire surface is coated. Selective coating of only certain surface areas can be achieved, for example, by time-consuming and labor-intensive masking of the areas not to be coated. Such masking can only be integrated into the industrial series production of coated glass sheets with considerable effort and is associated with relatively high costs.

[0006] Cold gas spraying is also a suitable method for coating glass sheets and is a coating method known to those skilled in the art, by means of which powder is applied to a carrier at a very high speed. Methods for coating by means of cold gas spraying are known, for example, from WO 2010 / 003396 A1, EP 3845 685 A1 and EP 2 902 530 A1.

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide an improved laminated glazing having a reflective surface applied in certain areas. In particular, the laminated glazing is easy to manufacture.

[0008] The object of the invention is achieved according to the invention by a laminated glazing according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments are evident from the dependent claims.

[0009] The laminated glazing according to the invention comprises an outer glass pane, a thermoplastic interlayer, at least one masking layer, an inner glass pane, an adhesive layer and a metal foil. The thermoplastic interlayer is arranged between the outer glass pane and the inner glass pane, and the adhesive layer is arranged between the inner glass pane and the metal foil. According to the invention, the at least one masking layer is arranged in a region of the laminated glazing, and the metal foil is arranged in a region of the laminated glazing which, when viewed vertically through the laminated glazing, is completely within the region in which the at least one masking layer is arranged.

[0010] The laminated glass pane is used to separate the interior from the external environment in the vehicle window. Within the meaning of the present invention, the term "inner glass pane" refers to the glass pane of the laminated glass pane that faces the interior of the vehicle. The outer glass pane refers to the glass pane that faces the external environment.

[0011] The laminated glass pane has in particular an upper edge and a lower edge and two side edges extending therebetween. The upper edge is the edge which is intended to point upwards in the installed position. The lower edge is the edge which is intended to point downwards in the installed position. In the case of a windshield, the upper edge is often also referred to as the roof edge, and the lower edge as the motor edge.

[0012] The outer pane, the inner pane and the metal foil each have an outer-side surface and an inner-side surface and a peripheral side edge extending between them. Within the meaning of the present invention, the outer-side surface is the main surface that is intended to face the external environment when installed. Within the meaning of the present invention, the inner-side surface is the main surface that is intended to face the inside when installed. The inner-side surface of the outer pane and the outer-side surface of the inner pane face each other and are connected to each other via a thermoplastic intermediate layer.

[0013] The outside surface of the outer glass sheet is designated as Face I. The inside surface of the outer glass sheet is designated as Face II. The outside surface of the inner glass sheet is designated as Face III. The inside surface of the inner glass sheet is designated as Face IV. The outside surface of the metal foil is designated as Face V. The inside surface of the metal foil is designated as Face VI.

[0014] According to one embodiment, the inner glass sheet is arranged between the outer glass sheet and the metal foil (the metal foil is arranged on the inner side surface (face IV) of the inner glass sheet), in which case the inner side surface of the inner glass sheet and the outer side surface of the metal foil face each other. According to a further embodiment, the metal foil is arranged between the outer glass sheet and the inner glass sheet (the metal foil is arranged on the outer side surface (face III) of the inner glass sheet). In this case, the outer side surface of the inner glass sheet and the inner side surface of the metal foil face each other. The inner side surface of the outer glass sheet and the outer side surface of the inner glass sheet always face each other.

[0015] According to the invention, the metal foil is thin and preferably has a thickness of less than 200 μm (micrometers), in particular less than 100 μm. Such a metal foil is flexible and can advantageously adapt to the curvature of the glass sheet.

[0016] The metal foil is not an electrical conductor. In particular, the metal foil is not joined to a transparent conductive coating or any other conductive structure of the laminated glass pane for transmitting electrical power. In particular, the metal foil is arranged in or on the laminated glass pane in an electrically insulating manner.

[0017] According to the present invention, the reflective surface for reflecting light is arranged on the inner surface of the metal foil. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner surface of the metal foil itself is provided as the reflective surface. In this case, there is no additional coating or layer for reflecting light on the inner surface of the metal foil, i.e. the reflective surface is formed by the material of the metal foil. However, alternatively, according to the present invention, and it is also possible to provide that a coating or layer for reflecting light is provided on the inner surface of the metal foil, such as a smoothing layer, such as a nickel coating, which is applied to the inner surface of the metal foil in particular by electroplating. In this case, the smoothing layer provides the reflective surface. This smoothing layer can reduce the roughness of the inner surface of the metal foil, i.e. the reflective surface becomes smoother and even has better reflectivity.

[0018] When the laminated glass sheet is installed in the carrier, the distance between the reflective surface and the interior of the carrier is shorter than at least one masking layer, so that the imaging unit of the projection assembly arranged inside the carrier directly sees the reflective surface, and the reflective surface can reflect the light emitted by the imaging unit. The additional masking layer can also be arranged closer to the interior of the carrier than the reflective surface. In this case, in order to ensure that the reflective surface is directly seen from the imaging unit, the additional masking layer has one or more openings, so that the light from the imaging unit is reflected by the reflective surface and can be seen by an observer inside the carrier.

[0019] Due to the fact that the metal foil is arranged in an area of ​​the laminated glass panel which, when viewed vertically through the laminated glass panel, is completely located in the area in which the at least one masking layer is arranged, the reflective surface formed by the metal foil is also arranged in an area which, when viewed vertically through the laminated glass panel, is completely located in the area in which the masking layer is arranged. The reflective surface is thus arranged at a vertical viewing angle through the laminated glass panel or in an orthogonal projection through the laminated glass panel so as to cover the masking layer or overlap with the masking layer. The reflective surface (or the metal foil) thus has no portion which does not cover the masking layer, i.e. the reflective surface is formed only at a position in front of the masking layer when viewing the inside of the laminated glass panel. This ensures a high contrast and brightness and therefore a good recognizability of the virtual image reflected by the reflective surface.

[0020] As mentioned above, the reflective surface is used to reflect light. The reflective surface is preferably opaque or partially transparent, which means within the meaning of the present invention that its average transmittance in the visible spectrum range (according to ISO 9050:2003) is preferably at most 80%, particularly preferably at most 50%, and in particular less than 10%. The reflective surface preferably reflects at least 10% of the light incident on the reflective surface, particularly preferably at least 50%, and very particularly preferably at least 80%, and in particular at least 90%. The reflective layer preferably reflects p-polarized light and s-polarized light in equal proportions, but it can also reflect p-polarized light and s-polarized light to different degrees. In one embodiment, the light reflected by the reflective surface mainly includes p-polarized light, so that even when using s-polarized sunglasses, the virtual image is clearly visible. Methods for determining the relative proportion of reflected light are known to those skilled in the art. In this regard, reference is made to standard DIN EN 410-2011-04. The relative proportion of reflected light can be determined by a light source (e.g., type A light) and a detector on the same side of the reflective surface, for example, where the light is projected onto the reflective surface at an angle of 80° to the normal.

[0021] The light reflected by the reflective surface is preferably visible light, ie light in the wavelength range of about 380 nm to 780 nm. The reflective surface preferably has a high and uniform reflectivity (via different illumination angles) for p-polarized and / or s-polarized radiation, thereby ensuring a strong and color-neutral image rendering.

[0022] The indication of the polarization direction refers to the plane of incidence of the radiation on the laminated glazing. P-polarized radiation is radiation whose electric field oscillates in the plane of incidence. S-polarized radiation is radiation whose electric field oscillates perpendicular to the plane of incidence. The plane of incidence is spanned by the incidence vector and the surface normal of the laminated glazing at the geometric center of the irradiated area.

[0023] In other words, the polarization, i.e. in particular the ratio of p-polarized radiation to s-polarized radiation, is determined at a point of the area illuminated by the image display device, preferably at the geometric center of the illuminated area. Since the laminated glass pane can be curved (for example when formed as a windshield), which has an effect on the plane of incidence of the radiation from the image display device, slightly deviating polarization components may occur in other areas, which is unavoidable for physical reasons.

[0024] In an advantageous embodiment of the laminated glass pane according to the invention, the metal foil is made of stainless steel. Such metal foils are readily available and inexpensive.

[0025] In a further advantageous embodiment of the laminated glazing according to the invention, in which the reflective surface is formed by the metal foil itself (i.e. by the material of the metal foil), the reflective surface of the metal foil (i.e. the outer surface of the metal foil) is polished, while the inner surface of the metal foil is roughened. On the one hand, this ensures that the reflective surface has a good reflectivity. On the other hand, the adhesion to the inner glass pane is improved by the adhesive layer. Expressed relatively, the inner surface is rougher than the outer surface or reflective surface of the metal foil.

[0026] The reflective surface may optionally be provided with a smoothing layer, such as a nickel coating, to improve reflectivity.

[0027] In a further advantageous embodiment of the laminated glass pane according to the invention, at least the reflective surface, in particular the entire outer surface of the metal foil (face VI), is provided with a protective layer. The protective layer is preferably transparent and is applied to the reflective surface over the entire surface, in particular uniformly. The protective layer is, for example, a polymer based on polyacrylates, polyoximes, alkyd resins, polyurethanes or mixtures thereof. Preferably, the protective layer contains SiO2, Si3N4 or TiO2 or consists thereof.

[0028] The protective layer protects the reflective surface from mechanical damage, such as scratches. It can also be used to increase the durability of the reflective surface.

[0029] The protective layer preferably has a thickness of 50 nm to 10 μm, and particularly preferably 100 nm to 5 μm.

[0030] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the protective layer is an easy-to-clean layer and / or an "anti-fingerprint" layer. Within the meaning of the present invention, an "easy-to-clean layer" means that dirt, for example in the form of fingerprints, oil spots and dirt particles on the protective layer can be removed from the protective layer by using a cloth, and preferably a microfiber cloth. Thus, grease-dissolving or abrasive cleaning agents and solvents, such as those based on alcohols, are largely avoided for the cleaning of the protective layer. Within the meaning of the present invention, an "anti-fingerprint layer" is a layer which is used to make fingerprints adhering to the protective layer almost or completely visually imperceptible. The term "fingerprint" refers in particular to greasy components of human fingers which remain on the surface when touching the surface and which may be unsightly.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the laminated glass pane according to the invention, a reflective surface for reflecting light is arranged on the inner surface of the metal foil, and a protective layer is arranged on the reflective surface.

[0032] As described above, in the laminated glazing according to the invention, at least one masking layer is arranged in the region of the laminated glazing. The masking layer is preferably arranged in the edge region of the laminated glazing, which is usually adjacent to the glazing edge of the glazing. A great advantage of this arrangement is obtained when the laminated glazing is used as a windshield in a vehicle, because when arranged in the edge region, the masking layer is located outside the main visual area of ​​the driver.

[0033] The masking layer is preferably arranged at least along the lower edge and adjacent to the lower edge. This results in a rectangular opaque strip arranged along the lower edge when looking at the laminated glass panel.

[0034] In a particular embodiment of the laminated glazing according to the invention, the masking layer is designed to extend peripherally in a frame-like manner. In the portion in which the metal foil and therefore also the reflective surface applied thereto are arranged to cover the masking layer, the frame-like masking layer is preferably provided with a widening, i.e. its width (dimension perpendicular to the extension) is greater than in the other portions. In this way, the masking layer can be adapted in a suitable manner to the dimensions of the metal foil on which the reflective surface is applied. In one embodiment, the masking layer is therefore designed to extend peripherally in a frame-like manner and, in particular in the portion overlapping with the metal foil, the width is greater than in the portion differing therefrom.

[0035] The metal foil on which the reflective surface is applied is preferably substantially in the form of a rectangle extending between two side edges in the region close to the lower edge. Particularly preferably, the edge of the metal foil does not touch the side edges and the bottom edge, but is, for example, 2 cm to 5 cm away from them.

[0036] The metal foil can be easily cut to suitable sizes, so that the production of the metal foil can be easily integrated into the industrial mass production process of laminated glass panes.

[0037] A masking layer within the meaning of the invention is a layer which prevents vision through the laminated glass pane. In this case, at most 5%, preferably at most 2%, particularly preferably at most 1%, in particular at most 0.1% of the light of the visible spectrum is transmitted through the masking layer. The masking layer is therefore an opaque masking layer, preferably a black masking layer.

[0038] The masking layer is preferably a coating consisting of one or more layers. Alternatively, the masking layer can also be a colored region of a thermoplastic interlayer. According to a preferred embodiment of the laminated glazing, the masking layer consists of a single layer. This has the advantage of being particularly simple and cost-effective to produce the laminated glazing, since only a single layer is formed for the masking layer. The masking layer is in particular an opaque masking print made of a dark, preferably black enamel.

[0039] Advantageously, the at least one masking layer is formed as an opaque masking mark, in particular made of a dark, preferably black enamel, arranged on the inner side surface (face II) of the outer pane. Alternatively or additionally, the masking layer is formed as an opaque masking mark, in particular made of a dark, preferably black enamel, arranged on the outer side surface (face III) of the inner pane. In particular, a first opaque masking mark can be arranged on the inner side surface (face II) of the outer pane and a second opaque masking mark can be arranged on the outer side surface (face III) of the inner pane.

[0040] If the metal foil is arranged on the outside surface of the inner glass pane (face III), there will be a masking layer between the outer glass pane and the coated metal foil. If an additional masking layer (e.g. an opaque masking print) is arranged closer to the inner glass pane, such a masking layer will be provided with one or more openings to ensure that the reflective surface is clearly visible from the inside.

[0041] In an alternative embodiment, the masking layer is designed as an opaque colored region of the thermoplastic intermediate layer.In one embodiment, the thermoplastic intermediate layer is formed in one piece and is opaquely colored in one region.

[0042] The masking layer formed as the opaque colored area of ​​the thermoplastic interlayer can also be realized by using a thermoplastic interlayer composed of an opaque thermoplastic foil and a transparent thermoplastic foil. The opaque thermoplastic foil and the transparent thermoplastic foil are preferably arranged offset from each other so that the two films do not overlap when viewed through the laminated glass sheet. The transparent film and the opaque film are composed of the same plastic or preferably contain the same plastic. Based on the materials that can be used to form the opaque foil and the transparent foil are those also described for the first thermoplastic interlayer. The opaque film is preferably a colored film that can have different colors, especially black.

[0043] The laminated glazing according to the invention can in particular have an opaque masking imprint arranged on the inside surface of the inner glazing, in particular at least in the region in which the metal foil is arranged. Such a masking imprint on the inside surface of the inner glazing improves the adhesive properties of this surface with respect to the adhesive layer. The opaque masking imprint is preferably designed in the shape of a frame.

[0044] The adhesive layer is preferably a thermoplastic layer or an optically transparent adhesive (OCA). Suitable optically transparent adhesives (OCA) are known to those skilled in the art. The adhesive layer formed as a thermoplastic layer comprises at least one thermoplastic polymer, preferably ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or polyurethane (PU), or a mixture, or a copolymer, or a derivative thereof, particularly preferably PVB. The thermoplastic layer is usually formed by a thermoplastic film (bonding film). The thickness of the thermoplastic layer is preferably 0.2 mm to 2 mm, particularly preferably 0.3 mm to 1 mm, for example 760 μm. The thermoplastic layer can be formed by a single film, or it can also be formed by more than one film. The metal foil can be firmly bonded to the inner glass plate, for example, by lamination.

[0045] As is common in motor vehicle panes, the laminated glass pane is preferably curved in one or more spatial directions, with typical radii of curvature being between about 10 cm and about 40 m. However, the laminated glass pane can also be flat, for example if it is provided as a pane for a bus, train or tractor.

[0046] The thermoplastic interlayer, via which the outer glass pane is joined to the inner glass pane, contains at least one thermoplastic polymer, preferably ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or polyurethane (PU), or a mixture, or a copolymer, or a derivative thereof, particularly preferably PVB. The thermoplastic interlayer is usually formed by a thermoplastic film (joining film). The thickness of the thermoplastic interlayer is preferably 0.2 mm to 2 mm, particularly preferably 0.3 mm to 1 mm, for example 760 μm. The thermoplastic interlayer can be formed by a single film or also by more than one film. The thermoplastic interlayer can also be a film with functional properties, for example a film with sound damping properties.

[0047] The outer pane and the inner pane preferably contain glass or consist of glass, particularly preferably flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda-lime glass, aluminosilicate glass or transparent plastic, preferably hard transparent plastic, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl chloride and / or mixtures thereof.

[0048] The outer pane and the inner pane may be transparent and colorless, but may also be tinted or colored. In a preferred embodiment, the total transmittance through the windshield in the main perspective area (light type A) is greater than 70%. The term total transmittance relates to the method for testing the light transmittance of motor vehicle glass panes as defined by ECE-R 43, Appendix 3, §9.1. Independently of one another, the outer pane and the inner pane may be unprestressed, partially prestressed or prestressed. If at least one pane is to be prestressed, this may be thermal prestressing or chemical prestressing.

[0049] The thickness of the outer pane and the inner pane can vary within wide ranges and thus be adapted to the requirements of the individual case. The outer pane and the inner pane preferably have a thickness of 0.5 mm to 5 mm, particularly preferably 1 mm to 3 mm, very particularly preferably 1.6 mm to 2.1 mm. For example, the outer pane has a thickness of 2.1 mm and the inner pane has a thickness of 1.6 mm. However, the outer pane or in particular the inner pane can also be thin glass with a thickness of, for example, 0.55 mm.

[0050] The laminated glazing according to the invention may comprise one or more additional interlayers, in particular functional interlayers. The additional interlayer may in particular be an interlayer having acoustic damping properties, an interlayer reflecting infrared radiation, an interlayer absorbing infrared radiation, an interlayer absorbing ultraviolet radiation, an at least partially tinted layer and / or an at least partially dyed interlayer. If a plurality of additional interlayers are present, they may also have different functions.

[0051] The invention further relates to a projection assembly comprising a laminated glass pane according to the invention and an imaging unit directed towards a reflecting surface.

[0052] Therefore, according to the present invention, there is also provided a projection assembly, comprising:

[0053] - A laminated glazing comprising at least an outer glazing having an outer surface and an inner surface, a thermoplastic interlayer, an inner glazing having an outer surface and an inner surface, at least one masking layer arranged in the region of the laminated glazing between the outer glazing and the inner glazing, an adhesive layer and a metal foil having an outer surface and an inner surface, on which a reflective surface for reflecting light is arranged, wherein the thermoplastic interlayer is arranged between the outer glazing and the inner glazing, the adhesive layer is arranged between the inner glazing and the metal foil, and wherein the metal foil is arranged in a region of the laminated glazing which, when viewed vertically through the laminated glazing, is completely within the region in which the masking layer is arranged.

[0054] - and an imaging unit projecting at said reflecting surface.

[0055] In particular, the combination of the reflective surface and the masking layer behind it from the perspective of the vehicle occupant also brings good visibility of the image in the case of the projection assembly according to the invention, even in the case of external sun illumination and when using an attenuated light imaging unit. Even in these cases, the image generated by the imaging unit looks bright and can be perfectly seen. This makes it possible to reduce the power of the imaging unit and thus reduce energy consumption.

[0056] From the perspective of a vehicle occupant, in a view through the inner glass pane, the reflective surface is spatially arranged in front of the masking layer. Consequently, the region of the laminated glass pane in which the reflective surface is arranged appears opaque. The expression "in a view through the laminated glass pane" means viewing through the laminated glass pane starting from the inner side surface of the laminated glass pane. Within the meaning of the present invention, the expression "spatially in front" means that the reflective surface is spatially arranged further away from the outer side surface of the outer glass pane than the masking layer. Preferably, the masking layer is widened at least in the region which overlaps with the reflective surface and in which the laminated glass pane is used to display an image. This means that the masking layer is wider in this region than in other parts when viewed perpendicularly to the closest part of the peripheral edge of the laminated glass pane. In this way, the masking layer can be adapted to the size of the reflective surface.

[0057] The imaging unit of the projection assembly emits light and is arranged near the inner surface of the inner glass pane so that the imaging unit illuminates this surface, wherein the light is reflected by the reflective surface of the laminated glass pane. The reflective surface preferably reflects at least 10%, particularly preferably at least 50%, very particularly preferably at least 80%, and in particular at least 90% of the light incident on the reflective surface in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 700 nm and at an illumination angle of 55° to 80°. This is advantageous for achieving the highest possible brightness of the image emitted by the imaging unit and reflected on the reflective surface.

[0058] The imaging unit is used to emit images, and therefore can also be referred to as a projector, display device or image display device. For example, a display or other devices known to those skilled in the art can be used as an imaging unit. The imaging unit is preferably a display, particularly preferably an LCD display, an LED display, an OLED display or an electroluminescent display, in particular an LCD display. The display has a low installation height, and is therefore simply integrated into the dashboard of the vehicle in a space-saving manner. In addition, the display can be operated in a significantly more energy-efficient manner than other imaging units. In the combination of the reflective surface and the masking layer located behind it according to the present invention, the relatively low brightness of the display is completely sufficient. The radiation of the imaging unit is preferably incident on the reflective surface area on the laminated glass plate at an angle of incidence of 55 ° to 80 °, and more preferably incident on the reflective surface area on the laminated glass plate at an angle of incidence of 62 ° to 77 °. The angle of incidence is the angle between the incident vector of the radiation of the image display device and the surface normal of the geometric center of the reflective surface.

[0059] Due to the fact that the reflective surface is arranged on the outer side surface of the metal foil (which is glued to the inner side surface or the outer side surface of the inner glass pane), the occurrence of disturbing ghost images is prevented.

[0060] Using a projection assembly having a reflective surface arranged on the inner surface of the metal foil, a desired virtual image is produced by reflection on the reflective surface, and no ghost images occur.

[0061] The preferred designs described above for the laminated glass pane according to the invention also apply correspondingly to the projection assembly according to the invention, and vice versa.

[0062] According to the present invention, there is also provided a method for producing a laminated glass panel according to the present invention, comprising:

[0063] a) producing a laminate of an outer pane having an outer side surface and an inner side surface, a thermoplastic interlayer and an inner pane having an outer side surface and an inner side surface, wherein the thermoplastic interlayer is arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane, and at least one masking layer is arranged in the region between the outer pane and the inner pane;

[0064] b) providing a metal foil having an outer side surface and an inner side surface, on which a reflective surface for reflecting light is arranged;

[0065] c) Bonding the metal foil to the inner glass pane via the adhesive layer in such a way that the metal foil is arranged in a region of the laminated glass pane which, when viewed vertically through the laminated glass pane, is completely within the region in which the masking layer is arranged.

[0066] Steps a), b) and c) can be performed in the order given, simultaneously or in any order. In particular, step c) can be performed before or after step a). Step a) is performed after the coated glass sheet of step c) is applied to the outer side surface (face III) of the inner glass sheet. If the coated glass sheet has been applied to the inner side surface (face IV) of the inner glass sheet, step c) can be performed after step a).

[0067] As described above, the metal foil is arranged only in areas of the laminated glass pane which, when viewed vertically through the laminated glass pane, are completely within the area in which the masking layer is arranged. The outer dimensions of the metal foil are therefore smaller than the outer and inner glass panes of the laminated glass pane. The reflective surface can be selectively arranged in areas of the laminated glass pane via the reflective surface arranged on the metal foil.

[0068] Providing the metal foil in step b) may additionally comprise applying a protective layer on the reflective surface applied to the inner surface. The protective layer is preferably applied to the reflective surface by means of spraying, for example using a pressure atomizer.

[0069] If the laminated glass pane is to be bent, a bent outer glass pane and a bent inner glass pane are used when providing the laminate in step a). The metal foil with the reflective surface is flexible due to the low thickness of the metal foil and adapts to the bent inner glass pane in step c). This is an advantage of the method according to the invention.

[0070] The production of the laminate in step a) can be carried out by means of lamination methods familiar to those skilled in the art.

[0071] The preferred embodiments of the laminated glazing according to the invention described above also apply correspondingly to the method for producing the laminated glazing according to the invention.

[0072] The invention also relates to the use of the laminated glass pane according to the invention as vehicle glazing in land, air or water transportation vehicles, in particular in motor vehicles, and in particular as windshield for head-up displays.

[0073] The various embodiments of the present invention can be implemented alone or in any combination. In particular, the features mentioned above can be used not only in the specified combination, but also in other combinations or alone without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0074] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments, wherein reference is made to the accompanying drawings. In a simplified, not to scale representation:

[0075] Figure 1 A plan view showing an embodiment of a laminated glass panel according to the invention,

[0076] Figure 2 Show Through Figure 1 A cross section of the embodiment shown in

[0077] Figure 3 shows a cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glazing according to the invention,

[0078] Figure 4 shows a cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glazing according to the invention,

[0079] Figure 5 shows a cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glazing according to the invention,

[0080] Figure 6 shows a cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glazing according to the invention,

[0081] Figure 7 shows a cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glazing according to the invention,

[0082] Figure 8 shows a cross section through one embodiment of a projection assembly according to the invention,

[0083] Fig. 9 shows a cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glazing according to the invention,

[0084] Fig.10 shows a cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glazing according to the invention,

[0085] Fig.11 An exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention is shown with the aid of a flow chart.

[0086] Figure 1 A plan view showing an embodiment of a laminated glass panel 100 according to the present invention, and Figure 2 The figure shows the cutting line X-X' passing through Figure 1 . A cross section of a laminated glass panel 100 according to the invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 and 2The laminated glass panel 100 shown in has an upper edge O, a lower edge U and two side edges K. In addition, the laminated glass panel 100 includes an outer glass panel 1 having an outer side surface I and an inner side surface II, an inner glass panel 2 having an outer side surface III and an inner side surface IV, a thermoplastic interlayer 3, a masking layer 4, an adhesive layer 5 and a metal foil 6 having an outer side surface V and an inner side surface VI. The thermoplastic interlayer 3 is arranged between the outer glass panel 1 and the inner glass panel 2, the inner glass panel 2 is arranged between the outer glass panel 1 and the metal foil 6, and the adhesive layer 5 is arranged between the inner glass panel 2 and the metal foil 6. The outer glass panel 1, the thermoplastic interlayer 3 and the inner glass panel 2 are arranged to be stacked on each other over the entire surface. The masking layer 4 is arranged between the outer glass panel 1 and the inner glass panel 2 in a region of the laminated glass panel 100 having an area range smaller than that of the laminated glass panel 100, that is, the masking layer 4 does not extend over the entire surface of the laminated glass panel 100. In Figure 1 and 2 In the embodiment shown in , the masking layer 4 is designed as a first opaque masking mark arranged on the inner surface II of the outer glass pane 1 and is arranged only in the edge region of the laminated glass pane 100 adjacent to the lower edge U. The metal foil 6 is arranged in a region of the laminated glass pane 100 which is completely located in the region where the masking layer 4 is arranged when viewed vertically through the laminated glass pane 100. The metal foil 6 is therefore smaller than the inner glass pane 2 in terms of its outer dimensions. The outer surface V of the metal foil 6 is bonded to the inner surface IV of the inner glass pane 2 via the adhesive layer 5. In Figure 2 In the embodiment shown in , the reflective surface 7 for reflecting light is formed on the inner surface VI of the metal foil 6 ; that is, the inner surface of the metal foil itself serves as the reflective surface 7 .

[0087] The metal foil 6 is made of stainless steel, for example, and has a thickness of 90 μm, for example. The thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 contains PVB, for example, and has a thickness of 0.76 mm. The outer glass pane 1 is made of soda-lime glass, for example, and is 2.1 mm thick. The inner glass pane 2 is made of soda-lime glass, for example, and is 1.6 mm thick.

[0088] The adhesive layer 5 is composed of, for example, an optically transparent adhesive. Alternatively, the adhesive layer 5 is composed of a thermoplastic material such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB), and the metal foil 6 is bonded to the inner glass pane 2 by lamination.

[0089] It should be understood that the laminated glass panel 100 can have any suitable geometry and / or curvature. Typically, the laminated glass panel 100 is a curved laminated glass panel. For example, the laminated glass panel 100 is a windshield of a motor vehicle.

[0090] exist Figure 1 and 2In the embodiment shown in , the masking layer 4 extends between the two side edges S of the laminated glass panel 100 and, starting from the lower edge U of the laminated glass panel 100 , has a width of, for example, 30 cm.

[0091] Figure 3 A cross section through a further embodiment of a laminated glazing 100 according to the invention is shown. Figure 3 The embodiment shown in cross section in Figure 2 )and Figure 2 The embodiment shown in the figure differs only in that a protective layer 8 is additionally applied to the entire surface VI of the metal foil 6 on the inner surface. The protective layer 8 is preferably a polymer based on polyacrylate, polyoxime, alkyd resin, polyurethane or a mixture thereof. For example, the protective layer contains SiO2, Si3N4 or TiO2 or consists of them. The protective layer 8 has a thickness of, for example, 500 nm.

[0092] Figure 4 A cross section through a further embodiment of a laminated glazing 100 according to the invention is shown. Figure 4 The embodiment shown in cross section in Figure 2 )and Figure 2 The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 differs only in that the masking layer 4 is not formed as a first opaque masking mark arranged on the inner side surface II of the outer glass pane 1 , but as a first opaque masking mark arranged on the outer side surface III of the inner glass pane 2 .

[0093] Figure 5 A cross section through a further embodiment of a laminated glazing 100 according to the invention is shown. Figure 5 The embodiment shown in cross section in FIG. Figure 4 The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 differs only in that a protective layer 8 is additionally applied to the entire surface of the inner surface VI of the metal foil 6 (similar to FIG. 1 ). Figure 3 ).

[0094] Figure 6 A cross section through a further embodiment of a laminated glazing 100 according to the invention is shown. Figure 6 The embodiment shown in cross section in FIG. Figure 2 The embodiment shown in differs only in that the masking layer 4 is not formed as a first opaque masking imprint arranged on the inner surface II of the outer glass pane 1 , but as an opaque colored region of the thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 .

[0095] Figure 7 A cross section through a further embodiment of a laminated glazing 100 according to the invention is shown. Figure 7 The embodiment shown in cross section in FIG. Figure 2The embodiment shown in 100 differs only in that the laminated glass pane 100 additionally has a second opaque masking imprint 9 applied to the outer side surface III of the inner glass pane 2 .

[0096] Figure 8 A cross section through one embodiment of a projection assembly 101 according to the present invention is shown. The projection assembly 101 shown in FIG. 16 comprises a laminated glass plate 100 and an imaging unit 10. The projection assembly 101 has an imaging unit 10. The imaging unit 10 is used to generate p-polarized light and / or s-polarized light (image information), which is projected onto a reflective surface 7 and reflected by the reflective surface 7 as reflected light into the interior of the vehicle, where it can be perceived by a viewer (e.g., a driver). The reflective surface 7 is designed to be suitable for reflecting the light of the imaging unit 10. The light is preferably incident on the reflective surface 7 at an angle of incidence of 55° to 80°, in particular at an angle of incidence of 62° to 77°. The imaging unit 10 is, for example, a display, in particular an LCD display. Preferably, the imaging unit 10 is used to generate only p-polarized light, which can be clearly seen, in particular with polarized sunglasses having an s-polarization filter.

[0097] In the following, a further embodiment of a laminated glass panel 100 according to the invention is illustrated by means of a cross section ( Fig. 9 and 10 ). In the laminated glass panel 100 according to the present invention Fig. 9 and 10 In a further embodiment of the invention, the metal foil 6 is arranged on the outer side surface (surface III) of the inner glass pane 2. These embodiments can also be used in Figure 8 In the projection assembly 101 shown as an example.

[0098] Fig. 9 A cross section through a further embodiment of a laminated glass pane 100 according to the invention is shown. The cross section is shown only in the region of the metal foil 6 . Fig. 9 The embodiment shown in cross section in FIG. Figure 2 The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 differs only in that the metal foil 6 is attached to the outer side surface III of the inner glass pane 2. The adhesive layer 5 is located between the metal foil 6 and the outer side surface (face III) of the inner glass pane 2. The reflective surface 7 is arranged on the inner side surface VI of the metal foil 6 or is formed thereby. It is also possible that the masking layer 4 is arranged on the outer side surface (face III) of the inner glass pane 2 alternatively or as an additional masking layer. In this case, the masking layer arranged on face III has one or more openings to ensure a clear view of the reflective surface 7.

[0099] Fig.10 A cross section through another embodiment of a laminated glass pane 100 according to the invention is shown. The cross section is shown only in the region of the metal foil 6. Fig.10 The embodiment shown in cross section in FIG. Figure 6 The difference of the embodiment shown in is that the metal foil 6 is attached to the outer side surface III of the inner glass pane 2. The adhesive layer 5 is located between the metal foil 6 and the outer side surface (surface III) of the inner glass pane 2.

[0100] exist Fig.11 An exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention is shown in FIG. 1 with the aid of a flow chart.

[0101] In step S1, a laminate is produced from an outer glass pane 1 having an outer surface I and an inner surface II, a thermoplastic interlayer 3, and an inner glass pane 2 having an outer surface III and an inner surface IV, wherein the thermoplastic interlayer 3 is arranged between the outer glass pane 1 and the inner glass pane 2, and a masking layer 4 is arranged in the area between the outer glass pane 1 and the inner glass pane 2.

[0102] In step S2 , a metal foil 6 having an outer side surface V and an inner side surface VI is provided, wherein a reflective surface 7 for reflecting light is arranged on the inner side surface VI of the metal foil 6 .

[0103] In a third step S3 , a metal foil 6 is bonded to the inner glass pane 2 via the adhesive layer 5 to form the laminated glass pane 100 in such a way that the metal foil 6 is arranged in a region of the laminated glass pane 100 which, when viewed vertically through the laminated glass pane 100 , is completely within the region in which the masking layer 4 is arranged.

[0104] Steps S1 , S2 and S3 may be performed in any order or simultaneously.

[0105] As can be seen from the above, the present invention provides an improved laminated glass pane, whereby the image of the projector is reflected and the virtual image can be visually perceived with sufficient brightness and high contrast, so that good legibility, in particular legibility of safety-related information, is reliably ensured under all weather and lighting conditions. In addition, unwanted ghosting can be prevented. In industrial mass production, the laminated glass pane can be produced efficiently and cost-effectively, and the production of the laminated glass pane can be easily implemented in common production processes.

[0106] List of reference numerals:

[0107] 100 Laminated glass panels

[0108] 101 Projection Assembly

[0109] 1 outer glass panel

[0110] 2 inner glass panels

[0111] 3 Thermoplastic middle layer

[0112] 4 Masking Layer

[0113] 5 Adhesive layer

[0114] 6 metal foil

[0115] 7. Reflective Surfaces

[0116] 8 protection layers

[0117] 9 Second opaque masking stamp

[0118] 10 Imaging Units

[0119] O Upper edge of the laminated glass plate 100

[0120] U The lower edge of the laminated glass plate 100

[0121] S Side edge of the laminated glass plate 100

[0122] The outer surface of the outer glass plate 1

[0123] II Inner surface of outer glass plate 1

[0124] III The outer surface of the inner glass plate 2

[0125] IV The inner surface of the inner glass plate 2

[0126] The outer surface of the V outer glass plate 6

[0127] The inner surface of the VI metal foil 6

Claims

1. A laminated glass panel (100), comprising - an outer glass pane (1) having an outer side surface (I) and an inner side surface (II), - a thermoplastic intermediate layer (3), - an inner glass pane (2) having an outer side surface (III) and an inner side surface (IV), - at least one masking layer (4), - an adhesive layer (5), a metal foil (6) having an outer surface (V) and an inner surface (VI), on which a reflective surface (7) for reflecting light is arranged, wherein the thermoplastic interlayer (3) is arranged between the outer glass pane (1) and the inner glass pane (2), the at least one masking layer (4) is arranged in the region of the laminated glass pane (100) between the outer glass pane (1) and the inner glass pane (2), the adhesive layer (5) is arranged between the inner glass pane (2) and the metal foil (6), and wherein the metal foil (6) is arranged in a region of the laminated glass pane (100) which, when viewed vertically through the laminated glass pane (100), is completely located within the region in which the at least one masking layer (4) is arranged.

2. The laminated glass pane (100) according to claim 1, wherein the metal foil (6) has a thickness of less than 200 μm, in particular less than 100 μm.

3. The laminated glass panel (100) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the metal foil (6) is made of stainless steel.

4. The laminated glass sheet (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the reflective surface (7) of the metal foil (6) is polished, whereas the inner surface (VI) of the metal foil is roughened.

5. The laminated glass pane (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the reflective surface (7) of the metal foil (6) is provided with a smoothing layer.

6. The laminated glass pane (100) according to claim 5, wherein the smoothing layer contains nickel or consists of nickel.

7. The laminated glass panel (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein at least the reflective surface (7) is provided with a protective layer.

8. The laminated glass pane (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the metal foil (6) is arranged on the inner surface (IV) or on the outer surface (III) of the inner glass pane (2).

9. The laminated glass pane (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the reflective surface (7) of the metal foil (6) reflects at least 10%, preferably at least 50%, particularly preferably at least 80% and in particular at least 90% of visible light.

10. The laminated glass panel (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the at least one masking layer (4) is formed as an opaque masking mark arranged on the inner surface (II) of the outer glass panel (1) and / or the outer surface (III) of the inner glass panel (2).

11. The laminated glass pane (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the masking layer (4) is designed as an opaque colored area of ​​the first thermoplastic interlayer (3).

12. The laminated glass panel (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the adhesive layer (5) is a thermoplastic polymer layer or an optically clear adhesive (OCA).

13. A projection assembly (101), comprising at least: - A laminated glass pane (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, - an imaging unit (10) directed onto the reflecting surface (7) of the metal foil (6).

14. A method for producing a laminated glass panel (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising: a) producing a laminate from an outer pane (1) having an outer surface (I) and an inner surface (II), a thermoplastic interlayer (3), and an inner pane (2) having an outer surface (III) and an inner surface (IV), wherein the thermoplastic interlayer (3) is arranged between the outer pane (1) and the inner pane (2), and at least one masking layer (4) is arranged in the region between the outer pane (1) and the inner pane (2); b) providing a metal foil (6) having an outer surface (V) and an inner surface (VI), on which a reflective surface (7) for reflecting light is arranged; c) bonding the metal foil (6) to the inner glass pane (2) via an adhesive layer (5), in such a way that the metal foil (6) is arranged in a region of the laminated glass pane (100) which, when viewed vertically through the laminated glass pane (100), is completely within the region in which the at least one masking layer (4) is arranged.

15. Use of a laminated glass pane (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 12 as a vehicle glass pane in a land, air or water transportation vehicle, in particular in a motor vehicle, and in particular as a windshield for a head-up display.

Images