Zinc oxide ore flotation method based on combined collecting agent

Abstract

The invention discloses a zinc oxide ore flotation method based on a combined collecting agent, which comprises the following steps: grinding raw ore, sequentially adding sodium carbonate, a collecting agent A and a collecting agent B, respectively carrying out size mixing, and finally carrying out zinc oxide ore flotation to obtain zinc oxide rough concentrate. The method aims at zinc oxide ore containing gangue such as calcite and dolomite, the problem that fatty acid is poor in selectivity in the flotation process of the high-calcium zinc oxide ore can be solved, adaptability is high, the application method is simple, large-scale production management is facilitated, and efficient flotation recovery of zinc resources can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral processing engineering, and in particular relates to a zinc oxide ore flotation method based on a combined collector. Background Art

[0002] Zinc metal not only plays an important role in industrial production, but also has an indispensable impact on human health. As an important raw material for national economic construction, it is widely used in construction, chemical industry, automobile, aerospace, medicine and other fields. Zinc-containing mineral resources are divided into sulfide ores and oxide ores. Zinc sulfide minerals have long been the main source of zinc resource recovery. With the over-exploitation of high-grade and easily recyclable zinc sulfide mineral resources, this type of resource has shown the characteristics of being poor, fine and mixed. Therefore, focusing on the characteristics of zinc oxide resources and developing corresponding efficient and clean recycling technologies is a powerful measure to safeguard my country's zinc resource advantages.

[0003] Zinc oxide ore often contains a large amount of gangue minerals such as calcite, which is caused by the geological origin of zinc oxide ore. Sphalerite decomposes in an oxidizing environment to produce zinc sulfate, and calcite in carbonate surrounding rocks or primary ore undergoes metasomatism with zinc sulfate to form zinc oxide minerals such as smithsonite. Therefore, zinc oxide ore often contains a large amount of calcium-containing minerals such as calcite. The flotation of zinc oxide ore mainly includes sulfide amine flotation, sulfide xanthate flotation, fatty acid direct flotation, chelate flotation and other processes. Among them, fatty acid direct flotation has attracted widespread attention due to its low cost and simple application. However, the selectivity of fatty acid and its salt collectors is poor, and it is only suitable for the flotation of zinc oxide ore with quartz as the main gangue mineral. The flotation separation effect of zinc oxide ore containing gangue minerals such as calcite and dolomite is not ideal. Therefore, the development of new reagents and new processes with low cost and strong adaptability for high-calcium zinc oxide ore is conducive to the efficient and comprehensive utilization of zinc oxide ore resources. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a zinc oxide ore flotation method based on a combined collector to solve the problem of poor selectivity of fatty acids in the flotation process of high-calcium zinc oxide ore and to improve the flotation separation effect of minerals such as smithsonite and calcium-containing minerals such as calcite and dolomite.

[0005] The present invention provides a zinc oxide ore flotation method based on a combined collector, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. crushing and grinding the zinc oxide ore to obtain a grinding product;

[0007] S2. Add sodium carbonate to the grinding product obtained in step S1 to prepare the slurry to obtain a slurry product 1;

[0008] S3. Add collector A to the slurry product 1 obtained in step S2 to perform slurry adjustment to obtain slurry product 2;

[0009] S4. Add collector B to the slurry product 2 obtained in step S3, stir, and aerate to carry out zinc oxide flotation to obtain zinc oxide concentrate and tailings.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S1, the -0.074 mm particle size accounts for 75% to 90% of the obtained grinding product.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S2, the amount of sodium carbonate added is 1000 to 5000 g / t, based on the mass of the original ore.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S3, the collector A is at least one of toluene arsenic acid, 4-aminophenyl arsenic acid and salts thereof, and the added amount is 80 to 200 g / t, based on the mass of the original ore.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S4, the collector B is at least one of tetradecanoid, hexadecanoid, octadecanoic acid and their salts, and the added amount is 100 to 250 g / t, based on the mass of the original ore.

[0014] Principle of the present invention:

[0015] The invention organically combines the high selectivity of the chelating agent with the advantages of the capture ability of fatty acids, wherein toluene arsenic acid, 4-aminophenyl arsenic acid and salts thereof have strong chelating ability for zinc atoms, but poor chelating ability for calcium atoms. After the collector A is added during the flotation process, it chelates with zinc atoms and acts on the surface of zinc oxide minerals such as smithsonite, but has no adsorption effect on the surface of calcium-containing minerals such as calcite and dolomite, thereby expanding the difference in hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties between the surfaces of smithsonite, calcite and dolomite minerals. The surface of smithsonite after adsorption of collector A shows weak hydrophobic effect, but it is not enough to make it float hydrophobically during flotation. The carbon chains of tetradecanoids, hexadecanoic acids, octadecanoic acids and their salts have strong hydrophobic effect. At this time, collector B is added. In the slurry system, its hydrophobic carbon chain preferentially associates hydrophobically with the benzene ring of collector A, which on the one hand enhances the hydrophobicity of the smithsonite surface, and on the other hand effectively hinders the reaction between the carboxyl group in collector B and the calcium atoms on the surface of calcite and dolomite, further expanding the difference in hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties between smithsonite and calcite and dolomite mineral surfaces, and finally realizing the efficient flotation separation of smithsonite and calcium-containing gangue minerals such as calcite and dolomite.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0017] (1) The present invention has strong selectivity and capture ability for zinc oxide ores containing gangue minerals such as calcite and dolomite, and organically combines the high selectivity of chelating agents with the capture ability advantages of fatty acids to achieve efficient separation of zinc oxide minerals such as smithsonite and calcium-containing gangue minerals such as calcite and dolomite.

[0018] (2) The process of the present invention is simple and easy to industrially produce. It has good selectivity for zinc oxide ores containing calcium minerals such as calcite and dolomite, and can obtain better zinc oxide flotation indicators. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, application method and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below to facilitate the understanding of technicians.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] The Zn grade of a calcite-containing zinc oxide ore is 4.08% and the Ca content is 32.64%. The specific flotation process includes the following steps:

[0023] S1. The raw ore is crushed and ground, and the -0.074 mm particle size accounts for 75% of the ground product;

[0024] S2. Add sodium carbonate to the grinding product obtained in step S1, in an amount of 5000 g / t based on the mass of the original ore, and perform slurry mixing for 2 min;

[0025] S3. Add toluene arsenic acid to the slurry product obtained in step S2, the addition amount is 80 g / t based on the mass of the original ore, and the slurry is prepared for 2 min;

[0026] S4. Add sodium hexadecanoate to the slurry product obtained in step S3 in an amount of 100 g / t based on the mass of the original ore and stir for 2 min;

[0027] S5. Aeration is performed to carry out zinc oxide flotation to obtain zinc oxide concentrate and tailings. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0028] Comparative Example 1

[0029] The other conditions are consistent with those in Example 1, except that step S3 is not performed. The final experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0030] Comparative Example 2

[0031] The other conditions are consistent with those in Example 1, except that step S4 is not performed. The final experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0032] Comparative Example 3

[0033] The other conditions are consistent with those in Example 1, except that the order of step S3 and step S4 is swapped. The final experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0034] Comparative Example 4

[0035] The other conditions were consistent with those in Example 1, except that toluene arsenic acid and sodium hexadecanoate were added simultaneously. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0036] Table 1 Flotation test results / %

[0037]

[0038]

[0039] Example 2

[0040] The Zn grade of a calcite-containing zinc oxide ore is 7.88% and the Ca content is 15.75%. The specific flotation process includes the following steps:

[0041] S1. Crushing and grinding the raw ore, the -0.074mm particle size accounts for 90% of the grinding product;

[0042] S2. Add sodium carbonate to the grinding product obtained in step S1, the addition amount is 1000g / t according to the mass of the original ore, and slurry is prepared for 2min;

[0043] S3. Add sodium 4-aminophenylarsonic acid to the slurry product obtained in step S2 in an amount of 200 g / t based on the mass of the original ore, and perform slurry mixing for 2 min;

[0044] S4. The slurry product obtained in step S3 is added with sodium myristate and sodium hexadecanoate in a mass ratio of 1:1, based on the mass of the original ore, with a total addition amount of 250 g / t, and stirred for 2 min;

[0045] S5. Aeration is used to carry out zinc oxide flotation to obtain zinc oxide concentrate and tailings. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0046] Comparative Example 5

[0047] The other conditions are consistent with those of Example 2, except that step S3 is not performed. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0048] Comparative Example 6

[0049] The other conditions are consistent with those of Example 2, except that step S4 is not performed. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0050] Comparative Example 7

[0051] The other conditions are consistent with those in Example 2, except that the order of step S3 and step S4 is swapped. The final experimental results are shown in Table 2.

[0052] Comparative Example 8

[0053] The other conditions are consistent with those in Example 2, except that sodium 4-aminophenylarsonic acid is added simultaneously with sodium tetradecanoate and sodium hexadecanoate. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0054] Table 2 Flotation test results / %

[0055]

[0056] Example 3

[0057] The Zn grade of a calcite-containing zinc oxide ore is 6.37% and the Ca content is 26.48%. The specific flotation process includes the following steps:

[0058] S1. The raw ore is crushed and ground, and the -0.074 mm particle size accounts for 85% of the ground product;

[0059] S2. Add sodium carbonate to the grinding product obtained in step S1, based on the mass of the original ore, in an amount of 3000 g / t, and perform slurry mixing for 2 min;

[0060] S3. Add toluene arsenic acid and sodium 4-aminophenylarsonic acid to the slurry product obtained in step S2 in a mass ratio of 1:1, and the addition amount is 150 g / t based on the mass of the original ore, and the slurry is prepared for 2 min;

[0061] S4. The slurry product obtained in step S3 is added with sodium tetradecanoate, sodium hexadecanoate and sodium octadecanoate in a mass ratio of 1:1:1, based on the mass of the original ore, with a total addition amount of 200 g / t, and stirred for 2 min;

[0062] S5. Aerate and carry out zinc oxide flotation to obtain zinc oxide concentrate and tailings. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0063] Comparative Example 9

[0064] The other conditions are consistent with those of Example 3, except that step S3 is not performed. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0065] Comparative Example 10

[0066] The other conditions are consistent with those of Example 3, except that step S4 is not performed. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0067] Comparative Example 11

[0068] The other conditions are consistent with those in Example 3, except that the order of step S3 and step S4 is swapped. The final experimental results are shown in Table 3.

[0069] Comparative Example 12

[0070] The other conditions are consistent with those in Example 3, except that toluene arsenic acid, sodium 4-aminophenylarsonic acid, sodium tetradecanoate, sodium hexadecanoate and sodium octadecanoate are added simultaneously. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0071] Table 3 Flotation test results / %

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] In summary, it can be seen that for zinc oxide ore containing calcite, the combination of collector A and collector B can obtain better flotation indicators. The absence of either agent makes it difficult to achieve effective separation of zinc oxide minerals and calcite. At the same time, the order of adding the two is very important. The two cannot be added at the same time, and collector B cannot be added first and then collector A. Otherwise, it is difficult to achieve beneficial effects.

Claims

1. A flotation method for zinc oxide ore based on a combined collector, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. crushing and grinding the zinc oxide ore to obtain a grinding product; S2. Add sodium carbonate to the grinding product obtained in step S1 to prepare the slurry to obtain a slurry product 1; S3. Add collector A to the slurry product 1 obtained in step S2 to perform slurry adjustment to obtain slurry product 2; S4. Add collector B to the slurry product 2 obtained in step S3, stir, and aerate to carry out zinc oxide flotation to obtain zinc oxide concentrate and tailings.

2. The zinc oxide ore flotation method based on a combined collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the -0.074 mm particle size accounts for 75% to 90% of the obtained grinding product.

3. The zinc oxide ore flotation method based on a combined collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the amount of sodium carbonate added is 1000-5000 g / t, based on the mass of the original ore.

4. The zinc oxide ore flotation method based on a combined collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the collector A is at least one of toluene arsenic acid, 4-aminophenyl arsenic acid and salts thereof, and the added amount is 80 to 200 g / t, based on the mass of the original ore.

5. The zinc oxide ore flotation method based on a combined collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the collector B is at least one of tetradecanoid, hexadecanoid, octadecanoic acid and their salts, and the added amount is 100-250 g / t, based on the mass of the original ore.

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