High-wear-resistance solid-phase additive manufacturing device and method with synchronous cleaning and heteroaxial feeding functions

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-wear-resistance solid-phase additive manufacturing device and method with synchronous cleaning and different-shaft feeding functions, and belongs to the technical field of friction stir welding. Comprising a stirring friction feeding cone device and a shaft sleeve auxiliary forming device, the stirring friction feeding cone device and the shaft sleeve auxiliary forming device are coaxially arranged, the shaft sleeve auxiliary forming device is provided with a conical material storage cavity, the stirring friction feeding cone device is provided with a threaded cone part, and the threaded cone part is located in the material storage cavity. The cleaning procedure of an existing bar solid-phase additive manufacturing technology is omitted, interference of accumulated scraps in the additive manufacturing process to the feeding process is avoided, abrasion of high-strength materials to an additive tool is relieved, oxide of an additive component and abrasive dust inclusion of the additive tool are reduced, the comprehensive performance of the component is improved, and the application range and depth of the solid-phase additive manufacturing technology are widened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a solid phase additive manufacturing device and method, and belongs to the technical field of friction stir welding. Background Art

[0002] Lightweight high-strength alloy materials such as aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys and their composite materials have become one of the most widely used structural materials in the field of industrial manufacturing, second only to steel materials, due to their low density, high strength, corrosion resistance, excellent fracture toughness and plastic formability. However, traditional metal structure manufacturing methods, such as casting, forging, welding and powder metallurgy, have problems such as long process flow, large-scale processing equipment and complex tooling, which increase manufacturing costs and time and are difficult to adapt to the development trend of the advanced manufacturing industry. The development of metal additive manufacturing technology, especially solid-phase additive manufacturing, provides a new way to achieve free design and rapid manufacturing of lightweight aluminum alloy complex structures.

[0003] The friction stir solid phase additive manufacturing process fills the rod inside the non-consumable shoulder, and the shoulder drives the filled rod to rotate at a high speed at the same angular velocity, generating strong friction heat and shear plastic deformation, causing the material to soften and produce plastic flow, and deposited on the surface of the substrate to form an additive layer. This process avoids the metallurgical defects caused by the inherent metallurgical limitations of light alloys such as low melting point, thermal cracking sensitivity and easy oxidation, and can obtain additive components with dense structure, fine grains, high strength and toughness. Despite this, the friction stir solid phase additive technology still faces challenges in the feeding method. First, as an additive raw material, the rod is prone to oil stains during the processing process, which seriously affects the interlayer bonding of the additive component and needs to be cleaned in advance. Secondly, the rod length is limited, and it is difficult to achieve continuous feeding in actual operation with coaxial rod feeding, because the rod is susceptible to strong shear plastic strain during the friction extrusion process, resulting in unstable feeding, affecting the forming quality and efficiency of the additive component. Although the existing side-axis wire feeding method has solved the problem of feeding continuity to a certain extent, the wire cost is high, especially in the additive manufacturing of high-strength aluminum alloys, which requires higher quality and performance of wires, further increasing the manufacturing cost. In addition, high-strength materials cause serious wear on additive tools, especially during the friction extrusion process, the high temperature and high pressure generated between the tool surface and the material accelerate the wear of the tool, shorten its service life, and increase the cost of maintenance and replacement.

[0004] In summary, high-strength aluminum alloy solid phase additive manufacturing technology has great potential in realizing the free design and rapid manufacturing of lightweight aluminum alloy complex structures, but it still faces challenges in feeding methods and tool wear.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to propose a highly wear-resistant solid phase additive manufacturing device and method with synchronous cleaning and different-axis feeding to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, a highly wear-resistant solid phase additive manufacturing device and method with synchronous cleaning and heteroaxial feeding is provided. A brief overview of the invention is given below to provide a basic understanding of certain aspects of the invention. It should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive overview of the invention. It is not intended to identify the key or important parts of the invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0008] A synchronous cleaning, off-axis feeding, and highly wear-resistant solid-phase additive manufacturing device comprises a stir friction feeding cone device and a sleeve auxiliary forming device, wherein the stir friction feeding cone device and the sleeve auxiliary forming device are coaxially arranged, the sleeve auxiliary forming device has a conical storage cavity, which is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and the stir friction feeding cone device has a threaded cone portion, which is located in the storage cavity.

[0009] Preferably: the upper part of the threaded cone part of the friction stir feeding cone device is provided with a plurality of shearing parts evenly arranged in the circumferential direction;

[0010] A feed hole is processed on the side wall of the shaft sleeve auxiliary forming device, and an inner wall boss is provided on the inner side of the side wall of the shaft sleeve auxiliary forming device. The inner wall boss is arranged corresponding to the feed hole, and the end of the inner wall boss is matched with the shearing part.

[0011] Preferably: a stirring needle is provided at the lower end of the threaded cone portion of the stir friction feeding cone device, the upper end of the threaded cone portion of the threaded cone portion is connected to one end of the mounting plane seat, the other end of the mounting plane seat is connected to the cylindrical clamping section, and the side of the clamping section is processed with a clamping plane. The material of the stir friction feeding cone device includes but is not limited to high-speed tool steel, hot working die steel, cemented carbide, and polycrystalline cubic boron nitride.

[0012] Preferably: the threaded cone has a left-handed thread or a right-handed thread, the rotation direction of the friction stir feeding cone device is opposite to the rotation direction of the thread of the threaded cone, the thread of the threaded cone is a single thread, a double thread distributed along the circumferential direction, a triple thread or more than a triple thread, and the lower end face of the threaded cone is a plane, a bevel or an arc surface; the surface of the threaded cone is provided with a wear-resistant coating including but not limited to titanium nitride, aluminum titanium nitride, tungsten carbide or zirconium oxide.

[0013] Preferably: the upper outer side of the sleeve auxiliary forming device is provided with a mounting plane cover, the mounting plane cover is processed with a through hole, the lower end face of the sleeve auxiliary forming device is a forging plane, and the conical stirring needle extends from the lower side of the storage cavity.

[0014] Preferably, the protruding distance of the inner wall boss is 0.1 to 2 mm, and the gap between the inner wall boss and the shearing portion is 0 to 2 mm;

[0015] The taper range of the thread taper and the side wall of the storage cavity is 1:0.1 to 1:10; the taper of the thread taper is less than or equal to the taper of the storage cavity.

[0016] Preferably: the cleaning device also includes an outer shell, an inlet, a telescopic rod, a straightening wheel, a spray pipe, a brush and a discharge port, the inlet, the outer shell and the discharge port are fixedly connected in sequence, a group of straightening wheels, a spray pipe, a brush and another group of straightening wheels are arranged in sequence in the outer shell, and the straightening wheels are connected to the outer shell through a telescopic rod.

[0017] Preferably, the number of the straightening wheels is four, the number of the spray pipes and the number of the brushes are both two, the two straightening wheels on the input side are symmetrically arranged, the two spray pipes are symmetrically arranged, the two brushes are symmetrically arranged, and the two straightening wheels on the output side are symmetrically arranged.

[0018] A method for manufacturing highly wear-resistant solid-phase additive materials with synchronous cleaning and different-axis feeding, using the device for manufacturing highly wear-resistant solid-phase additive materials with synchronous cleaning and different-axis feeding, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: According to the size and strength of the additive raw material, a friction stir feeder cone device with corresponding size and thread structure is selected, and the friction stir feeder cone device and the sleeve auxiliary forming device are assembled on the robot arm; the substrate is installed on the workbench, and the bottoms of the friction stir feeder cone device and the sleeve auxiliary forming device are correspondingly arranged on the upper surface of the substrate 5;

[0020] Step 2: The additive raw material is fed in from the inlet, straightened by the straightening wheel, and then passes through the spray pipe and brush to remove the oil on the surface of the bar material. It is straightened by the straightening wheel again and then sent out from the outlet;

[0021] Step 3: The additive raw material is fed into the sleeve auxiliary forming device through the feed hole. The shearing part and the inner wall boss work together to crush the additive raw material. Under the high-speed rotation of the stirring friction additive cone device, the material moves downward in the storage cavity and flows out at the forging plane. It is thermally plasticized and deposited by high-speed rotation friction with the substrate metal, and a smooth and flat high-quality morphology is achieved under the forging action of the forging plane.

[0022] Preferably: the additive raw material is a rod material, the rod material is an alloy or a composite material; the rod material is a cylindrical rod, a triangular rod, a quadrilateral rod or a polygonal rod, and the radial dimension of the rod is 1 mm to 20 mm;

[0023] The rotation speed of the friction stir additive cone device is 50 rpm to 5000 rpm, the travel speed is 1 mm / min to 10000 mm / min, and the feed speed of the rod is 0.1-100 times the travel speed of the additive device;

[0024] During the additive manufacturing process, the depth of the lower end of the friction stir additive cone device penetrating into the substrate is 0-2 mm, and the height of the friction stir additive cone device lifting up after completing each layer of additive manufacturing is 0.1 mm-5 mm.

[0025] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The present invention improves the rigidity and stability of the additive device through the design of the friction stir feeder cone device. The root of the friction stir feeder cone corresponds to the position of the rotating shear bar, which reduces the risk of the additive tool breaking during operation. It is particularly suitable for additive manufacturing of high-strength and high-hardness materials.

[0027] 2. The present invention, through the design of the friction stir feeding cone device and the sleeve auxiliary forming device, can feed low-cost rods instead of expensive wires through off-axis feeding. In addition, compared with traditional coaxial rod feeding and side-axis wire feeding modes, the present invention is not limited to the diameter and size of the rod, and the material application range is wider, which greatly reduces the cost of manufacturing components using the solid phase additive manufacturing method.

[0028] 3. The present invention simultaneously removes the oil stains and oxide film on the surface of the additive raw material by adding a cleaning device; the process of cleaning and surface treatment of the raw material is eliminated, thereby improving the efficiency of additive manufacturing for preparing large-size components; removing the oxide film and reducing inclusions is also beneficial to improving the purity and mechanical properties of the additive finished product.

[0029] 4. The present invention realizes material transmission through the spiral structure of the cone body through the design of the stir friction feeding cone device. Compared with the thread structure and the screw groove structure, it has better wear resistance and is less prone to failure; it can better add high-stability materials such as particle reinforced composites that are prone to wear of additive tools; and greatly extend the service life of additive tools.

[0030] 5. The present invention designs a friction stir feeding cone device with different numbers of threads on the threaded cone portion for different materials, which can better help match the feeding speed with the rotation speed, broaden the process parameter window of additive manufacturing, and improve the flexibility of the process.

[0031] 6. The present invention designs a boss on the inner wall of the tapered sleeve, which can effectively prevent the thermoplasticized material from returning to the periphery of the sleeve under the action of friction and extrusion, causing the inner wall of the feed port to be blocked, thereby extending the continuous working time of the additive and ensuring the consistency of the organizational performance of large-size components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a front view of a highly wear-resistant solid-phase additive manufacturing device with synchronous cleaning and different-axis feeding according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the friction stir feeding cone device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the shaft sleeve auxiliary forming device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 is a bottom view of the shaft sleeve auxiliary forming device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the thread cone portion of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 It is an exploded view of a highly wear-resistant solid-phase additive manufacturing device with synchronous cleaning and different-axis feeding according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a highly wear-resistant solid-phase additive manufacturing device with synchronous cleaning and different-axis feeding according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the cleaning device described in the present invention.

[0040] In the figure: 1-friction stirring feeding cone device; 101-clamping plane; 102-mounting plane seat; 103-shearing part; 104-threaded cone; 105-stirring needle; 2-sleeve auxiliary forming device; 201-mounting plane cover; 20101-through hole; 202-feeding hole; 20201-inner wall boss; 203-storage cavity; 3-cleaning device; 4-additive raw material; 5-substrate; 301-entry port; 302-telescopic rod; 303-direction correction wheel; 304-spray pipe; 305-brush; 306-discharge port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described below by the specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, the description of well-known structures and technologies is omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concept of the present invention.

[0042] Specific implementation method 1: Combination Figure 1-8The embodiment of the present invention is a synchronous cleaning and non-axial feeding high wear-resistant solid phase additive manufacturing device, which realizes continuous feeding and automatic synchronous cleaning of rods, and has high wear-resistant characteristics. The additive manufacturing structure device can effectively promote the application and development of high-strength light alloy solid phase additive manufacturing technology; it includes a stirring friction feeding cone device 1 and a sleeve auxiliary forming device 2, the stirring friction feeding cone device 1 is coaxially arranged with the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2, and the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 has a conical storage cavity 203, the storage cavity 203 is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and ... stirring friction feeding cone device 1 is coaxially arranged with the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2, and the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 has a conical storage cavity The friction feeding cone device 1 has a threaded cone portion 104 with a threaded cone section corresponding to the storage cavity 203, and the threaded cone portion 104 is located in the tapered storage cavity 203; the present invention can replace expensive wires with low-cost rods by feeding them in a non-axial feeding manner through the design of the friction stirring feeding cone device and the sleeve auxiliary forming device. In addition, compared with traditional coaxial rod feeding and side-axis wire feeding modes, the present invention is not limited to the diameter and size of the rod, and the material application range is wider, which greatly reduces the cost of manufacturing components using the solid phase additive manufacturing method;

[0043] The upper side surface of the threaded cone portion 104 of the friction stir feeding cone device 1 is provided with a plurality of (four) circumferentially uniformly arranged shearing portions 103; the present invention improves the rigidity and stability of the additive device through the design of the friction stir feeding cone device, and the root of the friction stir feeding cone corresponds to the position of the rotating shearing rod material, which reduces the risk of the additive tool breaking during operation, and is particularly suitable for additive manufacturing of high-strength and high-hardness materials; the present invention realizes the transmission of materials by the spiral structure of the cone body through the design of the friction stir feeding cone device, which has better wear resistance than the thread structure and the screw groove structure, and is less prone to failure; it can better perform high-stability additive of materials such as particle reinforced composites that are prone to wear of additive tools. The service life of additive tools is greatly extended;

[0044] The side wall of the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 is processed with a feed hole 202, and the inner side of the side wall of the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 is provided with an inner wall boss 20201, the inner wall boss 20201 is annular, and the inner wall boss 20201 is arranged corresponding to the feed hole 202, and the end of the inner wall boss 20201 close to the axis side is matched with the end of the shearing part 103 away from the axis side; the present invention designs a boss on the inner wall of the conical sleeve, which can effectively avoid the problem that the thermoplastic material returns to the surrounding of the sleeve under the action of friction and extrusion, resulting in the blockage of the inner wall of the feed port, prolonging the continuous working time of the additive and ensuring the consistency of the organizational performance of large-sized components;

[0045] The lower end surface of the threaded cone 104 of the friction stir feeding cone device 1 is provided with a stirring needle 105 which is not coaxial with the friction stir feeding cone device 1, the upper end of the threaded cone 104 of the threaded cone 104 is connected to one end of the mounting plane seat 102, the other end of the mounting plane seat 102 is connected to a cylindrical clamping section, the side of the clamping section is processed with a clamping plane 101, and the clamping section can be connected to the rotor key of the robot arm; the material of the friction stir feeding cone device 1 includes but is not limited to high-speed tool steel, hot working die steel, cemented carbide, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, the hardness and melting point of the material should be significantly higher than that of the rod 4 material to ensure that its strength meets the needs of the processing process;

[0046] The thread cone 104 has a left-handed thread or a right-handed thread, the rotation direction of the friction stir feeding cone device 1 is opposite to the thread rotation direction of the thread cone 104, the thread of the thread cone 104 is a single thread, a double thread 10401 distributed along the circumferential direction, a triple thread 10402 or more than a triple thread, and the lower end surface of the thread cone 104 is a plane, an inclined surface or an arc surface; the surface of the thread cone 104 is provided with a wear-resistant coating including but not limited to titanium nitride, aluminum titanium nitride, tungsten carbide or zirconium oxide, and the clamping section, the mounting plane seat and the thread cone are coaxially arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the present invention designs a friction stir feeding cone device with different numbers of threads on the thread cone for different materials through the design of the friction stir feeding cone device, which can better help the feeding speed to match the rotation speed, broaden the process parameter window of additive manufacturing, and improve the flexibility of the process;

[0047] The upper outer side of the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 is provided with a mounting plane cover 201, and a through hole 20101 is processed on the mounting plane cover 201. Bolts pass through the through hole 20101 to connect with the stator of the robot arm, so that the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 is fixed to the stator. The lower end surface of the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 is a forging plane 204, and a conical stirring needle 105 extends from the lower side of the storage chamber 203.

[0048] The assembly spacing between the friction stir feeding cone device 1 and the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 is 0-2 mm; the distance between the inner wall boss 20201 protruding from the inner side of the side wall of the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 is 0.1-2 mm, and the gap between the inner wall boss 20201 and the shearing part 103 is 0-2 mm;

[0049] The taper range of the threaded taper 104 and the side wall of the storage cavity 203 (the inner side wall of the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2) is 1:0.1 to 1:10; the taper of the threaded taper 104 is less than or equal to the taper of the storage cavity 203; the present invention adopts a detachable connection structure, and the model can be selected and replaced according to needs;

[0050] The cleaning device 3 also includes a shell, an inlet 301, a telescopic rod 302, a straightening wheel 303, a spray pipe 304, a brush 305 and a discharge port 306. The inlet 301, the shell, and the discharge port 306 are fixedly connected in sequence. A group of straightening wheels 303, a spray pipe 304, a brush 305, and another group of straightening wheels 303 are arranged in sequence from the inlet to the outlet in the shell. The straightening wheels 303 are connected to the shell through the telescopic rod 302.

[0051] There are four straightening wheels 303, two spray pipes 304 and two brushes 305. The two straightening wheels 303 on the input side are symmetrically arranged, the two spray pipes 304 are symmetrically arranged, the two brushes 305 are symmetrically arranged, and the two straightening wheels 303 on the output side are symmetrically arranged; the cleaning device 3 is installed beside the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2, and the rod 4 is fed into the side wall of the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 after passing through the cleaning device 3 and is arranged corresponding to the stirring friction feeding cone device 1. The cleaning device can remove oil and oxide film on the surface of the rod to prevent dirt and impurities from having an adverse effect on the performance of the additive component, thereby solving the problem of requiring an additional cleaning process before the rod is subjected to additive processing; by synchronous cleaning during the additive process, the problem of the regeneration of oxide film on the surface of the pre-polished oxide film rod after being left for a long time to affect the internal quality of the component is prevented, thereby improving production efficiency and improving the comprehensive performance of the additive component.

[0052] In the synchronous cleaning, off-axis feeding and highly wear-resistant solid-phase additive method: the lower end face of the stirring friction feeding cone device 1 is first in close contact with the upper surface of the substrate 5 or penetrates into the substrate 5 in a small amount under high-speed rotation, and then the rod 4 passes through the cleaning device 3 and is fed from the feed hole 202; the solid-phase additive device moves sideways, and the walking path of the solid-phase additive device is determined according to the required shape of the additive component. After completing one layer, the solid-phase additive device 3 is lifted by the thickness of the next layer; this is repeated continuously to realize a continuous additive process, until the preparation is completed, the solid-phase additive device leaves the additive component, and the additive process ends.

[0053] Specific implementation method 2: Combination Figure 1-8 This embodiment is described. A method for manufacturing a highly wear-resistant solid-phase additive material with synchronous cleaning and different-axis feeding is provided in this embodiment. A highly wear-resistant solid-phase additive material manufacturing device with synchronous cleaning and different-axis feeding (hereinafter referred to as additive device) is used, comprising:

[0054] The friction stir feeding cone device 1 is assembled on the robot arm through a clamping plane;

[0055] A sleeve auxiliary forming device 2, wherein the external sleeve device 2 is sleeved on the bottom of the friction stirring feeding cone device 1;

[0056] A cleaning device 3, which is installed beside the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2;

[0057] Rod 4, which is fed into the side wall of the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 after passing through the cleaning device 3 and is arranged corresponding to the stir friction feeding cone device 1;

[0058] A substrate 5, the substrate 5 is mounted on a workbench, and the bottoms of the friction stir feeding cone device 1 and the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 are correspondingly arranged on the upper surface of the substrate 5;

[0059] The friction stirring feeding cone device 1 comprises a sandwich end arranged vertically, a clamping plane 101 is arranged on one side of the clamping end, a mounting plane seat 102, a shearing part 103 and a threaded cone part 104 are fixedly connected coaxially in sequence at the bottom end of the sandwich end, a stirring needle 105 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the threaded cone part 104, and a sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 is sleeved on the outer side of the threaded cone part;

[0060] The material of the friction stir feeding cone device 1 includes but is not limited to high-speed tool steel, hot working die steel, cemented carbide, and polycrystalline cubic boron nitride. The hardness and melting point of the material should be significantly higher than that of the rod 4 material to ensure that its strength meets the requirements of the processing process;

[0061] The surface of the threaded cone portion 104 of the friction stir feeding cone device 1 is provided with a wear-resistant coating including but not limited to titanium nitride, aluminum titanium nitride, tungsten carbide, zirconium oxide, etc.;

[0062] The thread cone portion 104 of the friction stir feeding cone device 1 can be a left-hand thread shape or a right-hand thread shape; the rotation direction of the friction stir feeding cone device 1 is opposite to the thread rotation direction of the thread cone portion 104;

[0063] The thread of the thread cone may be a single thread, or a double thread 10401, a triple thread 10402 or more threads distributed along the circumference;

[0064] The bottom surface of the threaded cone portion 104 of the friction stir feeding cone device 1 may be a plane, an inclined surface or an arc surface;

[0065] The assembly spacing between the friction stir feeding cone device 1 and the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 is 0-2mm;

[0066] The sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 includes a vertically arranged conical sleeve, which is sleeved on the outside of the threaded cone 104, and the conical sleeve is coaxially fixedly connected with a mounting plane cover 201, and a plurality of through holes 20101 are circumferentially and evenly spaced on the end surface of the mounting plane cover, and the conical sleeve is fixedly connected to the robot arm through the plurality of through holes 20101, and a feed hole 202 is opened on one side of the conical sleeve, and a storage cavity 203 is arranged on the inner side of the conical sleeve, and a forging plane 204 is arranged at the bottom end of the conical sleeve, and the threaded cone 104 is located in the storage cavity 203;

[0067] The feed hole 202 is connected to the inner wall of the tapered sleeve with an inner wall boss 20201, and the gap between the inner wall boss 20201 and the shearing part 103 is 0-2mm;

[0068] The protruding distance of the inner wall boss 20201 is 0.1 to 2 mm;

[0069] The method comprises the following steps: A synchronous cleaning device for high wear-resistant solid phase additive manufacturing with different shaft feeding comprises the following steps:

[0070] Step 1: According to the size and strength of the additive raw material 4, a friction stir feeding cone device 1 with a corresponding size and thread structure is selected, and the friction stir feeding cone device 1 and the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 are assembled on the robot arm; for the additive manufacturing process that requires higher feeding efficiency for side-axis feeding, the number of cutting edges of the shearing part 103 can be increased and double threads 10401 and triple threads 10402 can be used; the substrate 5 is installed on the workbench, and the bottoms of the friction stir feeding cone device 1 and the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 are correspondingly arranged on the upper surface of the substrate 5;

[0071] Step 2: The additive raw material 4 is fed in from the inlet 301, straightened by the straightening wheel 302, and then passes through the spray pipe 304 and the brush 305 in sequence to remove the oil stains on the surface of the bar material; the wire brush can remove the oxide film on the surface of the bar material, and then it is straightened by the straightening wheel 302 again and then sent out from the discharge port 306;

[0072] Step 3: The delivered additive raw material 4 is fed into the sleeve auxiliary forming device 2 through the feed hole 202, and the shearing part 103 and the inner wall boss 20201 work together to crush the additive raw material 4. Under the high-speed rotation of the stirring friction additive cone device 1, the material moves downward in the storage chamber 203 and reaches the forging plane 204 to flow out, and is heat-plasticized and deposited by high-speed rotation friction of the metal of the substrate 5, and a smooth and flat high-quality morphology is achieved under the forging action of the forging plane 204, and the required component shape and size are obtained by controlling the travel trajectory of the robot arm;

[0073] The additive raw material 4 is a rod material, and the rod material is an aluminum alloy, a magnesium alloy, a copper alloy, a zinc alloy or a composite material; the rod material is a cylindrical rod, a triangular rod, a quadrilateral rod or a polygonal rod, and the length of the rod is not limited, and the radial dimension is 1 mm to 20 mm;

[0074] The rotation speed of the friction stir additive cone device 1 is 50 rpm to 5000 rpm, the travel speed is 1 mm / min to 10000 mm / min, and the feeding speed of the rod is 0.1-100 times the horizontal travel speed of the additive device;

[0075] During the additive manufacturing process, the depth of the bottom end of the friction stir additive cone device 1 penetrating into the substrate 5 is 0-2 mm, and the height of the friction stir additive cone device 1 lifting upward after completing each layer of additive manufacturing is 0.1 mm-5 mm;

[0076] The present invention eliminates the cleaning process of the existing rod solid phase additive manufacturing technology, avoids the interference of chip accumulation in the additive process with the feeding process, reduces the wear of high-strength materials on additive tools, reduces the inclusion of oxides in additive components and grinding chips of additive tools, improves the comprehensive performance of components, and broadens the breadth and depth of application of solid phase additive manufacturing technology.

[0077] Embodiment 1:

[0078] 1. A TiB2 / 7075 aluminum-based composite rod with a diameter of 6 mm is selected as the rod 4, a 7075 aluminum alloy plate is selected as the substrate 5, the number of cutting edges of the shearing part 103 of the stir friction feeding cone device 1 is selected to be 4, and a double thread 10401 is adopted; 2. The rod 4 is fed into the cleaning device 3, and then fed into the feed hole 202 of the external sleeve device 2. The rotation speed of the stir friction feeding cone device 1 is 1500 rpm, the travel speed is 200 mm / min, and the layer height is 3 mm. The aluminum-based composite additive component is obtained by using a solid phase additive method;

[0079] The use of the above method to prepare additive components can reduce the wear of hard ceramic particles in the composite material on the additive tool, extend the service life of the additive component, reduce the oxide film inside the additive component and the shedding and inclusion of additive tool particles, and improve the comprehensive mechanical properties of the component.

[0080] Embodiment 2:

[0081] 1. Select a WE43 magnesium alloy square strip with a side length of 4 mm as the rod 4 and a 7075 aluminum alloy plate as the substrate 5; select the number of cutting edges of the shearing part 103 of the stir friction feeding cone device 1 to be 3, and adopt a single thread 104;

[0082] 2 The rod 4 is fed into the cleaning device 3, and then fed into the feed hole 202 of the external sleeve device 2. The rotation speed of the friction stir feeding cone device 1 is 500 rpm, the travel speed is 100 mm / min, and the layer height is 2 mm. The aluminum-based composite additive component is obtained by using a solid phase additive method;

[0083] The use of the above method to prepare additive components can avoid the accumulation of chips during the additive process and block the feed port, which can ensure that the additive manufacturing process is carried out stably for a long time and realize the one-time preparation of large-sized additive components.

[0084] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, as long as the technical solutions are not contradictory, they can be arranged and combined, and those skilled in the art can exhaust all possibilities based on the mathematical knowledge of arrangement and combination. Therefore, the present invention will no longer describe the technical solutions after arrangement and combination one by one, but it should be understood that the technical solutions after arrangement and combination have been disclosed by the present invention.

[0085] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A synchronous cleaning, different-axis feeding, high wear-resistant solid phase additive manufacturing device, characterized by: The invention comprises a friction stir feeding cone device (1) and a sleeve auxiliary forming device (2), wherein the friction stir feeding cone device (1) is coaxially arranged with the sleeve auxiliary forming device (2), the sleeve auxiliary forming device (2) has a conical material storage cavity (203), and the friction stir feeding cone device (1) has a threaded cone portion (104), and the threaded cone portion (104) is located in the material storage cavity (203).

2. According to claim 1, a synchronous cleaning, different-axis feeding, high wear-resistant solid phase additive manufacturing device is characterized by: The upper part of the threaded cone part (104) of the friction stirring feeding cone device (1) is provided with a plurality of shearing parts (103) evenly arranged in the circumferential direction; A feed hole (202) is processed on the side wall of the shaft sleeve auxiliary forming device (2), and an inner wall boss (20201) is provided on the inner side of the side wall of the shaft sleeve auxiliary forming device (2). The inner wall boss (20201) is arranged corresponding to the feed hole (202), and the end of the inner wall boss (20201) is matched with the shearing part (103).

3. The synchronous cleaning, different-axis feeding, high wear-resistant solid phase additive manufacturing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A stirring needle (105) is arranged at the lower end of the threaded cone portion (104) of the friction stirring feeding cone device (1), the upper end of the threaded cone portion (104) of the threaded cone portion (104) is connected to one end of a mounting plane seat (102), the other end of the mounting plane seat (102) is connected to a cylindrical clamping section, and a clamping plane (101) is processed on the side of the clamping section. The material of the friction stirring feeding cone device (1) includes but is not limited to high-speed tool steel, hot working die steel, cemented carbide, and polycrystalline cubic boron nitride.

4. The synchronous cleaning, different-axis feeding, high wear-resistant solid phase additive manufacturing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thread cone (104) has a left-handed thread or a right-handed thread, the rotation direction of the friction stirring feeding cone device (1) is opposite to the thread rotation direction of the thread cone (104), the thread of the thread cone (104) is a single thread, a double thread (10401) distributed along the circumferential direction, a triple thread (10402) or more than a triple thread, and the lower end of the thread cone (104) is a plane, an inclined surface or an arc surface; the surface of the thread cone (104) is provided with a wear-resistant coating including but not limited to titanium nitride, aluminum titanium nitride, tungsten carbide or zirconium oxide.

5. The synchronous cleaning, different-axis feeding, high wear-resistant solid phase additive manufacturing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper outer side of the shaft sleeve auxiliary forming device (2) is provided with a mounting plane cover (201), a through hole (20101) is processed on the mounting plane cover (201), the lower end surface of the shaft sleeve auxiliary forming device (2) is a forging plane (204), and the stirring needle (105) extends from the lower side of the material storage chamber (203).

6. The synchronous cleaning, different-axis feeding, high wear-resistant solid phase additive manufacturing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The protruding distance of the inner wall boss (20201) is 0.1 to 2 mm, and the gap between the inner wall boss (20201) and the shearing portion (103) is 0 to 2 mm; The taper range of the thread taper portion (104) and the side wall of the material storage cavity (203) is 1:0.1 to 1:10; the taper of the thread taper portion (104) is less than or equal to the taper of the material storage cavity (203).

7. The synchronous cleaning, different-axis feeding, high wear-resistant solid phase additive manufacturing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cleaning device (3) also includes a shell, an inlet (301), a telescopic rod (302), a straightening wheel (303), a spray pipe (304), a brush (305) and a discharge port (306), wherein the inlet (301), the shell and the discharge port (306) are fixedly connected in sequence, and a group of straightening wheels (303), a spray pipe (304), a brush (305) and another group of straightening wheels (303) are arranged in sequence in the shell, and the straightening wheels (303) are connected to the shell via the telescopic rod (302).

8. The synchronous cleaning, different-axis feeding, high wear-resistant solid phase additive manufacturing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The number of the straightening wheels (303) is four, the number of the spray pipes (304) and the number of the brushes (305) are both two, the two straightening wheels (303) on the input side are symmetrically arranged, the two spray pipes (304) are symmetrically arranged, the two brushes (305) are symmetrically arranged, and the two straightening wheels (303) on the output side are symmetrically arranged.

9. A highly wear-resistant solid phase additive manufacturing method with synchronous cleaning and different-axis feeding, characterized in that: The synchronous cleaning, heteroaxial feeding, highly wear-resistant solid phase additive manufacturing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: Step 1: According to the size and strength of the additive raw material (4), a friction stir feeding cone device (1) with a corresponding size and thread structure is selected, and the friction stir feeding cone device (1) and the sleeve auxiliary forming device (2) are assembled on the robot arm; the base plate (5) is installed on the workbench, and the bottom of the friction stir feeding cone device (1) and the sleeve auxiliary forming device (2) are correspondingly arranged on the upper surface of the base plate 5; Step 2: The additive raw material (4) is fed in from the inlet (301), straightened by the straightening wheel (302), and then passes through the spray pipe (304) and the brush (305) to remove the oil stains on the surface of the rod material. After being straightened by the straightening wheel (302) again, the rod material is fed out from the outlet (306); Step three: the delivered additive raw material (4) is fed into the sleeve auxiliary forming device (2) through the feed hole (202), and the shearing part (103) and the inner wall boss (20201) work together to crush the additive raw material (4). Under the high-speed rotation of the stirring friction additive cone device (1), the material moves downward in the storage chamber (203) and reaches the forging plane (204) and flows out, and is heat-plasticized and deposited by high-speed rotation friction heat with the metal of the substrate (5), and a smooth and flat high-quality morphology is achieved under the forging action of the forging plane (204).

10. The friction stir welding method for adaptively cleaning welds according to claim 9, characterized in that: The additive raw material (4) is a rod material, and the rod material is an alloy or a composite material; the rod material is a cylindrical rod, a triangular rod, a quadrilateral rod or a polygonal rod, and the radial dimension of the rod is 1 mm to 20 mm; The rotation speed of the friction stir additive cone device (1) is 50 rpm to 5000 rpm, the travel speed is 1 mm / min to 10000 mm / min, and the feed speed of the rod is 0.1 to 100 times the travel speed of the additive device; During the additive manufacturing process, the depth of the lower end of the friction stir additive cone device (1) penetrating into the substrate (5) is 0-2 mm, and the height of the friction stir additive cone device (1) lifting upward after completing each layer of additive manufacturing is 0.1 mm-5 mm.

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