Elevator braking performance detection and evaluation system and method
By designing an elevator braking performance detection and evaluation system, and using acceleration detection and processor analysis, the elevator braking torque is directly measured, which solves the problem of relying on braking distance to judge braking performance in the existing technology, achieving simplicity of operation and safety improvement.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411979686.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-22
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the test of the brake torque of elevator brakes mainly relies on braking distance, resulting in inconvenient operation and poor safety performance.
Design an elevator braking performance detection and evaluation system, and directly measure and calculate braking torque through a traction wheel and wire rope acceleration detection device, combined with a processor and emergency braking analysis model.
It realizes the braking performance of the brake by replacing the braking distance by braking torque, simplifies operation, improves safety performance, and solves the limitations of traditional methods.
Smart Images
Figure CN119858841A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of elevator testing, and in particular, to an elevator braking performance detection and evaluation system and method. Background Art
[0002] The elevator braking system is an important component to ensure the safe operation of the elevator. Most of the operation control and safety protection of the elevator ultimately rely on the action of the braking system to stop the elevator and ensure the safety of the elevator operation. If the brake torque is insufficient, the brake mechanism is blocked, the control system is electrically adhered, and the balance coefficient is too small, the brake safety function will fail, often leading to serious accidents such as elevator falls, top collisions, and shearing, which brings unacceptable risks to the safety of elevator operation and poses a huge threat to the safety of passengers' lives and property.
[0003] When the elevator stops suddenly, the traction system shows obvious instantaneous dynamic performance, and the instantaneous impact will have a great impact on the overall structural safety performance of the traction system. In particular, when the friction between the traction wheel and the wire rope is insufficient or the braking capacity of the brake is insufficient, the braking distance of the elevator will be too large, which is likely to cause the elevator to hit the top or bottom.
[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to test the dynamic performance of the elevator during emergency stop, obtain the friction performance and relative slip between the wire rope and the traction wheel, so as to clarify the braking performance of the elevator braking system.
[0005] However, in the prior art, the test of the brake torque is mainly to judge the brake performance by the braking distance, which is inconvenient to operate and has poor safety performance.
[0006] In the related art, the test of brake torque is mainly performed by judging the braking performance of the brake through the braking distance, which causes inconvenience in operation and poor safety performance. No effective solution has been proposed so far. Summary of the invention
[0007] The main purpose of the present application is to provide an elevator braking performance detection and evaluation system and method to solve the problem that the test of the brake torque is mainly based on the braking distance to judge the brake performance, which causes inconvenience in operation and poor safety performance.
[0008] In order to achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present application, an elevator braking performance detection and evaluation system is provided.
[0009] The elevator braking performance detection and evaluation system according to the present application includes: a detection and evaluation device, the detection and evaluation device includes: a traction wheel, a traction wire rope is arranged around the upper half of the traction wheel, one end of the traction wire rope is connected to a counterweight, and the other end is connected to an elevator car, the elevator car is provided with a brake, and an acceleration detection device is respectively provided on the traction wheel and the traction wire rope; and further includes: a processor, which is electrically connected to the two acceleration detection devices and is used to obtain the mass of the counterweight, the mass of the elevator car and the rope center distance; and the elevator car is controlled to move upward to a uniform speed state and then the power is cut off, When the brake enters an emergency braking state, the first traction wheel acceleration and the first wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices are read; the elevator car is controlled to move downward to a uniform speed state and then the power is cut off. When the brake enters an emergency braking state, the second traction wheel acceleration and the second wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices are read; the counterweight mass, the elevator car mass, the rope center distance, the first traction wheel acceleration, the first wire rope acceleration, the second traction wheel acceleration and the second wire rope acceleration are input into the elevator emergency braking analysis model for analysis to obtain the elevator braking torque.
[0010] Furthermore, the counterweight mass, elevator car mass and traction sheave radius are obtained, including:
[0011] The receiving personnel inputs the traction sheave diameter D measured by a tape measure, the rope side distance d measured by a caliper, the elevator car mass m1 and the counterweight mass m2 measured by a weighing device, and determine the rope center distance R based on the traction sheave diameter D and the rope side distance d.
[0012] Furthermore, the acceleration detection device is an elevator slip tester.
[0013] Furthermore, the first traction wheel acceleration and the first wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices include:
[0014] The two acceleration detection devices read the first braking time t1 of the traction wheel and the second braking time t2 of the wire rope, and determine the first traction wheel acceleration a1 and the first wire rope acceleration a2 according to the first braking time t1 and the second braking time t2 and the measured first traction wheel speed and the first wire rope speed.
[0015] Furthermore, the first traction wheel acceleration and the first wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices include:
[0016] The two acceleration detection devices read the third braking time t3 of the traction wheel and the second braking time t4 of the wire rope, and determine the second traction wheel acceleration a3 and the second wire rope acceleration a4 according to the first braking time t3 and the second braking time t4 and the measured first traction wheel speed and the first wire rope speed.
[0017] Furthermore, the counterweight mass, the elevator car mass, the rope center distance, the first traction wheel acceleration, the first wire rope acceleration, the second traction wheel acceleration and the second wire rope acceleration are input into the elevator emergency braking analysis model for analysis to obtain the elevator braking torque, including:
[0018] Substitute the counterweight mass, elevator car mass, rope center distance, first traction wheel acceleration, and first wire rope acceleration into the preset upward emergency braking calculation model, and substitute the counterweight mass, elevator car mass, rope center distance, second traction wheel acceleration, and second wire rope acceleration into the preset downward emergency braking calculation model, and calculate the elevator braking torque through the upward emergency braking calculation model and the downward emergency braking calculation model; wherein,
[0019] The calculation model for uphill emergency braking is:
[0020]
[0021] The calculation model for downlink emergency braking is:
[0022]
[0023] Where, J is the moment of inertia of the brake wheel; m1 is the mass of the car; m2 is the mass of the counterweight; R is the distance from the traction wire rope to the traction wheel center; a1 is the acceleration of the traction wheel when the elevator is going up; a2 is the acceleration of the wire rope when the elevator is going up; a3 is the acceleration of the traction wheel when the elevator is going down; a4 is the acceleration of the wire rope when the elevator is going down; M f is the friction torque generated by the brake wheel.
[0024] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to another aspect of the present application, a method for detecting and evaluating elevator braking performance is provided.
[0025] According to the elevator braking performance detection and evaluation method of the present application, the elevator braking performance detection and evaluation system is used to perform performance detection and evaluation; the detection and evaluation device comprises: a traction wheel, a traction wire rope is arranged around the upper half of the traction wheel, one end of the traction wire rope is connected to a counterweight, and the other end is connected to an elevator car, the elevator car is provided with a brake, and an acceleration detection device is respectively arranged on the traction wheel and the traction wire rope; and further comprises: a processor, which is electrically connected to the two acceleration detection devices; the detection and evaluation method comprises: obtaining the counterweight mass, the elevator car mass and the rope center distance through the processor; controlling the elevator car The elevator car is controlled to move downward to a uniform speed and then the power is cut off. When the brake enters the emergency braking state, the first traction wheel acceleration and the first wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices are read; the elevator car is controlled to move downward to a uniform speed and then the power is cut off. When the brake enters the emergency braking state, the second traction wheel acceleration and the second wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices are read; the counterweight mass, the elevator car mass, the rope center distance, the first traction wheel acceleration, the first wire rope acceleration, the second traction wheel acceleration and the second wire rope acceleration are input into the elevator emergency braking analysis model for analysis to obtain the elevator braking torque.
[0026] Furthermore, the counterweight mass, elevator car mass and traction sheave radius are obtained, including:
[0027] The receiving personnel inputs the traction sheave diameter D measured by a tape measure, the rope side distance d measured by a caliper, the elevator car mass m1 and the counterweight mass m2 measured by a weighing device, and determine the rope center distance R based on the traction sheave diameter D and the rope side distance d.
[0028] Furthermore, the first traction wheel acceleration and the first wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices include:
[0029] The two acceleration detection devices read the first braking time t1 of the traction wheel and the second braking time t2 of the wire rope, and determine the first traction wheel acceleration a1 and the first wire rope acceleration a2 according to the first braking time t1 and the second braking time t2 and the measured first traction wheel speed and the first wire rope speed;
[0030] The first traction wheel acceleration and the first wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices include:
[0031] The two acceleration detection devices read the third braking time t3 of the traction wheel and the second braking time t4 of the wire rope, and determine the second traction wheel acceleration a3 and the second wire rope acceleration a4 according to the first braking time t3 and the second braking time t4 and the measured first traction wheel speed and the first wire rope speed.
[0032] Furthermore, the counterweight mass, the elevator car mass, the rope center distance, the first traction wheel acceleration, the first wire rope acceleration, the second traction wheel acceleration and the second wire rope acceleration are input into the elevator emergency braking analysis model for analysis to obtain the elevator braking torque, including:
[0033] Substitute the counterweight mass, elevator car mass, rope center distance, first traction wheel acceleration, and first wire rope acceleration into the preset upward emergency braking calculation model, and substitute the counterweight mass, elevator car mass, rope center distance, second traction wheel acceleration, and second wire rope acceleration into the preset downward emergency braking calculation model, and calculate the elevator braking torque through the upward emergency braking calculation model and the downward emergency braking calculation model; wherein,
[0034] The calculation model for uphill emergency braking is:
[0035]
[0036] The calculation model for downlink emergency braking is:
[0037]
[0038] Where, J is the moment of inertia of the brake wheel; m1 is the mass of the car; m2 is the mass of the counterweight; R is the distance from the traction wire rope to the traction wheel center; a1 is the acceleration of the traction wheel when the elevator is going up; a2 is the acceleration of the wire rope when the elevator is going up; a3 is the acceleration of the traction wheel when the elevator is going down; a4 is the acceleration of the wire rope when the elevator is going down; M f is the friction torque generated by the brake wheel.
[0039] In the embodiment of the present application, the elevator braking performance detection and evaluation method is adopted, and the counterweight mass, the elevator car mass and the rope center distance are obtained by the processor; the elevator car is controlled to move upward to a uniform speed state and then the power is cut off. When the brake enters the emergency braking state, the first traction wheel acceleration and the first wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices are read; the elevator car is controlled to move downward to a uniform speed state and then the power is cut off. When the brake enters the emergency braking state, the second traction wheel acceleration and the second wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices are read; the counterweight mass, the elevator car mass, the rope center distance, the first traction wheel acceleration, the first wire rope acceleration, the second traction wheel acceleration and the second wire rope acceleration are input into the elevator emergency braking analysis model for analysis to obtain the elevator braking torque; the purpose of judging the braking performance of the brake by replacing the braking distance with the braking torque is achieved, thereby achieving the technical effect of simple operation and improved safety, and further solving the technical problems of inconvenience in operation and poor safety performance caused by judging the braking performance of the brake mainly by the braking distance for the test of the braking torque of the brake. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0040] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of this application, so that other features, purposes and advantages of this application become more obvious. The schematic embodiment drawings and their descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an improper limitation on this application. In the drawings:
[0041] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a detection and evaluation device according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0042] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of electrical connections of an elevator braking performance detection and evaluation system according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0043] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of an elevator braking performance detection and evaluation method according to an embodiment of the present application.
[0044] Reference numerals
[0045] 1. Detection and evaluation device; 2. Traction wheel; 3. Traction wire rope; 4. Elevator car; 5. Counterweight; 6. Acceleration detection device; 7. Processor; 8. Brake. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0046] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0047] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.
[0048] In the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe the present invention and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to have a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.
[0049] In addition, some of the above terms may be used to express other meanings in addition to indicating orientation or positional relationship. For example, the term "on" may also be used to express a certain dependency or connection relationship in some cases. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0050] In addition, the terms "installed", "set", "provided with", "connected", "connected", and "socketed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0051] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.
[0052] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a system for detecting and evaluating elevator braking performance is provided. Figure 1 and 2 As shown, it includes: a detection and evaluation device, which includes: a traction wheel, a traction wire rope is arranged around the upper half of the traction wheel, one end of the traction wire rope is connected to a counterweight, and the other end is connected to an elevator car, the elevator car is provided with a brake, and an acceleration detection device is respectively provided on the traction wheel and the traction wire rope; when the traction wheel rotates counterclockwise, the traction wire rope can be pulled to drive the elevator car upward, and when the brake is emergency braked, the acceleration detection device at the corresponding position is used for detection; when the traction wheel rotates clockwise, the traction wire rope can be pulled to drive the elevator car downward, and when the brake is emergency braked, the acceleration detection device at the corresponding position is used for detection; it should be understood that the acceleration detection device is an elevator slip tester.
[0053] It also includes: a processor, which is electrically connected to the two acceleration detection devices, and is used to obtain the mass of the counterweight, the mass of the elevator car, and the rope center distance; the elevator car is controlled to move upward to a uniform speed state and then the power is turned off. When the brake enters the emergency braking state, the first traction wheel acceleration and the first wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices are read; the elevator car is controlled to move downward to a uniform speed state and then the power is turned off. When the brake enters the emergency braking state, the second traction wheel acceleration and the second wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices are read; the counterweight mass, the mass of the elevator car, the rope center distance, the first traction wheel acceleration, the first wire rope acceleration, the second traction wheel acceleration, and the second wire rope acceleration are input into the elevator emergency braking analysis model for analysis to obtain the elevator braking torque. The friction torque provided by the brake in the emergency braking situation can be determined by testing, which solves the limitation of the traditional method of judging the braking performance of the brake only by the braking distance, and solves the technical bottleneck of being unable to measure the braking torque of the installed elevator. The method only requires the elevator to perform a simple no-load emergency braking operation, which is safe and economical to implement. It can be widely used in the braking performance test of traction structures.
[0054] Specifically, the counterweight mass, elevator car mass and traction sheave radius are obtained, including: receiving the traction sheave diameter D measured by a tape measure, the rope side distance d measured by a caliper, the elevator car mass m1 and the counterweight mass m2 measured by a weighing device, and determining the rope center distance R based on the traction sheave diameter D and the rope side distance d.
[0055] Specifically, the upward emergency braking program and the downward emergency braking program are pre-set in the processor; when testing is required, the upward emergency braking program is first sent to the elevator through the processor, and after the elevator receives the program, it is converted into a control instruction, and according to the control instruction, the elevator car is first controlled to move upward to a uniform speed state and then the power is cut off, and then the brake is controlled to enter the emergency braking state, and finally the first traction wheel acceleration and the first wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices are read; it is convenient for the subsequent emergency braking analysis of the elevator car during the upward process. In addition, the downward emergency braking program is also sent to the elevator through the processor, and after the elevator receives the program, it is converted into a control instruction, and according to the control instruction, the elevator car is first controlled to move downward to a uniform speed state and then the power is cut off, and then the brake is controlled to enter the emergency braking state, and finally the second traction wheel acceleration and the second wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices are read; it is convenient for the subsequent emergency braking analysis of the elevator car during the downward process.
[0056] It should be understood that the first traction wheel acceleration and the first wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices include: the two acceleration detection devices read the first braking time t1 of the traction wheel and the second braking time t2 of the wire rope, and determine the first traction wheel acceleration a1 and the first wire rope acceleration a2 according to the first braking time t1 and the second braking time t2 and the measured first traction wheel speed and the first wire rope speed.
[0057] It is also necessary to understand that the first traction wheel acceleration and the first wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices include: the two acceleration detection devices read the third braking time t3 of the traction wheel and the second braking time t4 of the wire rope, and determine the second traction wheel acceleration a3 and the second wire rope acceleration a4 according to the first braking time t3 and the second braking time t4 and the measured first traction wheel speed and the first wire rope speed.
[0058] The counterweight mass, elevator car mass, rope center distance, first traction wheel acceleration, first wire rope acceleration, second traction wheel acceleration and second wire rope acceleration are input into the elevator emergency braking analysis model for analysis to obtain the elevator braking torque, including:
[0059] Substitute the counterweight mass, elevator car mass, rope center distance, first traction wheel acceleration, and first wire rope acceleration into the preset upward emergency braking calculation model, and substitute the counterweight mass, elevator car mass, rope center distance, second traction wheel acceleration, and second wire rope acceleration into the preset downward emergency braking calculation model, and calculate the elevator braking torque through the upward emergency braking calculation model and the downward emergency braking calculation model; wherein,
[0060] The calculation model for uphill emergency braking is:
[0061]
[0062] The calculation model for downlink emergency braking is:
[0063]
[0064] Where, J is the moment of inertia of the brake wheel; m1 is the mass of the car; m2 is the mass of the counterweight; R is the distance from the traction wire rope to the traction wheel center; a1 is the acceleration of the traction wheel when the elevator is going up; a2 is the acceleration of the wire rope when the elevator is going up; a3 is the acceleration of the traction wheel when the elevator is going down; a4 is the acceleration of the wire rope when the elevator is going down; M f is the friction torque generated by the brake wheel.
[0065] Furthermore, the following formula can be obtained by analyzing the elevator upward braking process according to the momentum moment theorem:
[0066] L z =Jω+m1vR+m2vR
[0067] ∑M z =-M f -m1gR+m2gR
[0068] From the momentum theorem, we know
[0069]
[0070] Right now
[0071]
[0072] According to the momentum theorem, the following formula can be obtained by analyzing the elevator upward braking process:
[0073] L′ z =-Jω'-m1v'R-m2v'R
[0074] ∑M′ z =M f -m1gR+m2gR
[0075] From the momentum theorem, we know
[0076]
[0077] Right now
[0078]
[0079] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the elevator in use is tested, and the test steps are as follows:
[0080] In the machine room, use a tape measure to measure the diameter D of the traction sheave, and use a caliper to measure the distance d between the traction wire rope and the sheave edge;
[0081] The mass m1 of the car and the mass m2 of the counterweight are measured using a weighing device in the machine room;
[0082] Arrange elevator slip testers on the elevator traction wheel and wire rope respectively;
[0083] Make the elevator run upward without load to a uniform speed, cut off the power, make the elevator emergency brake, and read the elevator traction wheel braking time t1 and wire rope braking time t2;
[0084] Calculate the average braking deceleration a1 of the traction wheel and the average braking deceleration a2 of the wire rope;
[0085] Substitute the measured data and the elevator traction wheel acceleration a1 and the elevator wire rope acceleration a2 into equation (I);
[0086]
[0087] Make the elevator run down without load to a uniform speed, cut off the power, make the elevator emergency brake, and read the elevator traction wheel acceleration a'1 and the elevator wire rope acceleration a'2;
[0088] Substitute the measured data and the elevator traction wheel acceleration a'1 and the elevator wire rope acceleration a'2 into equation (II);
[0089]
[0090] By combining equations (I) and (II), we can obtain the moment of inertia and braking friction torque Mf of the elevator braking system and the moment of inertia J of the brake wheel;
[0091] The elevator braking torque is obtained as
[0092] It should be understood that the elevator load may not be empty, and the method is applicable to placing any determined load in the elevator car.
[0093] From the above description, it can be seen that the present invention achieves the following technical effects:
[0094] In the embodiment of the present application, the elevator braking performance detection and evaluation method is adopted, and the counterweight mass, the elevator car mass and the rope center distance are obtained by the processor; the elevator car is controlled to move upward to a uniform speed state and then the power is cut off. When the brake enters the emergency braking state, the first traction wheel acceleration and the first wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices are read; the elevator car is controlled to move downward to a uniform speed state and then the power is cut off. When the brake enters the emergency braking state, the second traction wheel acceleration and the second wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices are read; the counterweight mass, the elevator car mass, the rope center distance, the first traction wheel acceleration, the first wire rope acceleration, the second traction wheel acceleration and the second wire rope acceleration are input into the elevator emergency braking analysis model for analysis to obtain the elevator braking torque; the purpose of judging the braking performance of the brake by replacing the braking distance with the braking torque is achieved, thereby achieving the technical effect of simple operation and improved safety, and further solving the technical problems of inconvenience in operation and poor safety performance caused by judging the braking performance of the brake mainly by the braking distance for the test of the braking torque of the brake.
[0095] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowcharts of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that, although a logical order is shown in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.
[0096] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for detecting and evaluating the braking performance of an elevator is also provided. Figure 3As shown, the method uses the elevator braking performance detection and evaluation system to perform performance detection and evaluation;
[0097] The detection and evaluation device comprises: a traction wheel, a traction wire rope is arranged around the upper half of the traction wheel, one end of the traction wire rope is connected to a counterweight, and the other end thereof is connected to an elevator car, the elevator car is provided with a brake, and an acceleration detection device is respectively provided on the traction wheel and the traction wire rope; when the traction wheel rotates counterclockwise, the traction wire rope can be pulled to drive the elevator car upward, and when the brake is emergency braked, the acceleration detection device at the corresponding position is used for detection; when the traction wheel rotates clockwise, the traction wire rope can be pulled to drive the elevator car downward, and when the brake is emergency braked, the acceleration detection device at the corresponding position is used for detection; it should be understood that the acceleration detection device is an elevator slip tester.
[0098] It also includes: a processor, which is electrically connected to the two acceleration detection devices, the elevator car, and the brake; the detection and evaluation method includes: obtaining the counterweight mass, the elevator car mass and the rope center distance through the processor; controlling the elevator car to move upward to a uniform speed state and then cutting off the power, and when the brake enters an emergency braking state, reading the first traction wheel acceleration and the first wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices; controlling the elevator car to move downward to a uniform speed state and then cutting off the power, and when the brake enters an emergency braking state, reading the second traction wheel acceleration and the second wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices; inputting the counterweight mass, the elevator car mass, the rope center distance, the first traction wheel acceleration, the first wire rope acceleration, the second traction wheel acceleration and the second wire rope acceleration into the elevator emergency braking analysis model for analysis to obtain the elevator braking torque. The friction torque provided by the brake in emergency braking can be determined by testing, which solves the limitation of the traditional method of judging the braking performance of the brake only by the braking distance, and solves the technical bottleneck of being unable to measure the braking torque of the installed elevator. This method only requires the elevator to perform a simple no-load emergency braking operation, which is safe and economical to implement. It can be widely used in the braking performance test of traction structures.
[0099] Specifically, the counterweight mass, elevator car mass and traction sheave radius are obtained, including: receiving the traction sheave diameter D measured by a tape measure, the rope side distance d measured by a caliper, the elevator car mass m1 and the counterweight mass m2 measured by a weighing device, and determining the rope center distance R based on the traction sheave diameter D and the rope side distance d.
[0100] Specifically, the upward emergency braking program and the downward emergency braking program are pre-set in the processor; when testing is required, the upward emergency braking program is first sent to the elevator through the processor, and after the elevator receives the program, it is converted into a control instruction, and according to the control instruction, the elevator car is first controlled to move upward to a uniform speed state and then the power is cut off, and then the brake is controlled to enter the emergency braking state, and finally the first traction wheel acceleration and the first wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices are read; it is convenient for the subsequent emergency braking analysis of the elevator car during the upward process. In addition, the downward emergency braking program is also sent to the elevator through the processor, and after the elevator receives the program, it is converted into a control instruction, and according to the control instruction, the elevator car is first controlled to move downward to a uniform speed state and then the power is cut off, and then the brake is controlled to enter the emergency braking state, and finally the second traction wheel acceleration and the second wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices are read; it is convenient for the subsequent emergency braking analysis of the elevator car during the downward process.
[0101] It should be understood that the first traction wheel acceleration and the first wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices include: the two acceleration detection devices read the first braking time t1 of the traction wheel and the second braking time t2 of the wire rope, and determine the first traction wheel acceleration a1 and the first wire rope acceleration a2 according to the first braking time t1 and the second braking time t2 and the measured first traction wheel speed and the first wire rope speed.
[0102] It is also necessary to understand that the first traction wheel acceleration and the first wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices include: the two acceleration detection devices read the third braking time t3 of the traction wheel and the second braking time t4 of the wire rope, and determine the second traction wheel acceleration a3 and the second wire rope acceleration a4 according to the first braking time t3 and the second braking time t4 and the measured first traction wheel speed and the first wire rope speed.
[0103] The counterweight mass, elevator car mass, rope center distance, first traction wheel acceleration, first wire rope acceleration, second traction wheel acceleration and second wire rope acceleration are input into the elevator emergency braking analysis model for analysis to obtain the elevator braking torque, including:
[0104] Substitute the counterweight mass, elevator car mass, rope center distance, first traction wheel acceleration, and first wire rope acceleration into the preset upward emergency braking calculation model, and substitute the counterweight mass, elevator car mass, rope center distance, second traction wheel acceleration, and second wire rope acceleration into the preset downward emergency braking calculation model, and calculate the elevator braking torque through the upward emergency braking calculation model and the downward emergency braking calculation model; wherein,
[0105] The calculation model for uphill emergency braking is:
[0106]
[0107] The calculation model for downlink emergency braking is:
[0108]
[0109] Where, J is the moment of inertia of the brake wheel; m1 is the mass of the car; m2 is the mass of the counterweight; R is the distance from the traction wire rope to the traction wheel center; a1 is the acceleration of the traction wheel when the elevator is going up; a2 is the acceleration of the wire rope when the elevator is going up; a3 is the acceleration of the traction wheel when the elevator is going down; a4 is the acceleration of the wire rope when the elevator is going down; M f is the friction torque generated by the brake wheel.
[0110] Furthermore, the following formula can be obtained by analyzing the elevator upward braking process according to the momentum moment theorem:
[0111] L z =Jω+m1vR+m2vR
[0112] ∑M z =-M f -m1gR+m2gR
[0113] From the momentum theorem, we know
[0114]
[0115] Right now
[0116]
[0117] According to the momentum theorem, the following formula can be obtained by analyzing the elevator upward braking process:
[0118] L′ z =-Jω'-m1v'R-m2v'R
[0119] ∑M′ z =M f -m1gR+m2gR
[0120] From the momentum theorem, we know
[0121]
[0122] Right now
[0123]
[0124] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the elevator in use is tested, and the test steps are as follows:
[0125] In the machine room, use a tape measure to measure the diameter D of the traction sheave, and use a caliper to measure the distance d between the traction wire rope and the sheave edge;
[0126] The mass m1 of the car and the mass m2 of the counterweight are measured using a weighing device in the machine room;
[0127] Arrange elevator slip testers on the elevator traction wheel and wire rope respectively;
[0128] Make the elevator run upward without load to a uniform speed, cut off the power, make the elevator emergency brake, and read the elevator traction wheel braking time t1 and wire rope braking time t2;
[0129] Calculate the average braking deceleration a1 of the traction wheel and the average braking deceleration a2 of the wire rope;
[0130] Substitute the measured data and the elevator traction wheel acceleration a1 and the elevator wire rope acceleration a2 into equation (I);
[0131]
[0132] Make the elevator run down without load to a uniform speed, cut off the power, make the elevator emergency brake, and read the elevator traction wheel acceleration a'1 and the elevator wire rope acceleration a'2;
[0133] Substitute the measured data and the elevator traction wheel acceleration a'1 and the elevator wire rope acceleration a'2 into equation (II);
[0134]
[0135] By combining equations (I) and (II), we can obtain the moment of inertia and braking friction torque Mf of the elevator braking system and the moment of inertia J of the brake wheel;
[0136] The elevator braking torque is obtained as
[0137] It should be understood that the elevator load may not be empty, and the method is applicable to placing any determined load in the elevator car.
[0138] From the above description, it can be seen that the present invention achieves the following technical effects:
[0139] In the embodiment of the present application, the elevator braking performance detection and evaluation method is adopted, and the counterweight mass, the elevator car mass and the rope center distance are obtained by the processor; the elevator car is controlled to move upward to a uniform speed state and then the power is cut off. When the brake enters the emergency braking state, the first traction wheel acceleration and the first wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices are read; the elevator car is controlled to move downward to a uniform speed state and then the power is cut off. When the brake enters the emergency braking state, the second traction wheel acceleration and the second wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices are read; the counterweight mass, the elevator car mass, the rope center distance, the first traction wheel acceleration, the first wire rope acceleration, the second traction wheel acceleration and the second wire rope acceleration are input into the elevator emergency braking analysis model for analysis to obtain the elevator braking torque; the purpose of judging the braking performance of the brake by replacing the braking distance with the braking torque is achieved, thereby achieving the technical effect of simple operation and improved safety, and further solving the technical problems of inconvenience in operation and poor safety performance caused by judging the braking performance of the brake mainly by the braking distance for the test of the braking torque of the brake.
[0140] Obviously, those skilled in the art should understand that the above modules or steps of the present invention can be implemented by a general computing device, they can be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed on a network composed of multiple computing devices, and optionally, they can be implemented by a program code executable by a computing device, so that they can be stored in a storage device and executed by the computing device, or they can be made into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps therein can be made into a single integrated circuit module for implementation. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
[0141] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. An elevator braking performance detection and evaluation system, characterized in that: include: Detection and evaluation equipment, The detection and evaluation device comprises: a traction wheel, a traction wire rope is arranged around the upper half of the traction wheel, one end of the traction wire rope is connected to a counterweight, and the other end of the traction wire rope is connected to an elevator car, the elevator car is provided with a brake, and an acceleration detection device is respectively provided on the traction wheel and the traction wire rope; It also includes: a processor, electrically connected to the two acceleration detection devices, for Obtain the counterweight mass, elevator car mass and rope center distance; The elevator car is controlled to move upward to a uniform speed state and then the power is cut off. When the brake enters an emergency braking state, the first traction wheel acceleration and the first wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices are read; the elevator car is controlled to move downward to a uniform speed state and then the power is cut off. When the brake enters an emergency braking state, the second traction wheel acceleration and the second wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices are read; The counterweight mass, elevator car mass, rope center distance, first traction wheel acceleration, first wire rope acceleration, second traction wheel acceleration and second wire rope acceleration are input into the elevator emergency braking analysis model for analysis to obtain the elevator braking torque.
2. The elevator braking performance detection and evaluation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Obtain the counterweight mass, elevator car mass and traction sheave radius, including: The receiving personnel inputs the traction sheave diameter D measured by a tape measure, the rope side distance d measured by a caliper, the elevator car mass m1 and the counterweight mass m2 measured by a weighing device, and determine the rope center distance R based on the traction sheave diameter D and the rope side distance d.
3. The elevator braking performance detection and evaluation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acceleration detection device is an elevator slip tester.
4. The elevator braking performance detection and evaluation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first traction wheel acceleration and the first wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices include: The two acceleration detection devices read the first braking time t1 of the traction wheel and the second braking time t2 of the wire rope, and determine the first traction wheel acceleration a1 and the first wire rope acceleration a2 according to the first braking time t1 and the second braking time t2 and the measured first traction wheel speed and the first wire rope speed.
5. The elevator braking performance detection and evaluation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first traction wheel acceleration and the first wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices include: The two acceleration detection devices read the third braking time t3 of the traction wheel and the second braking time t4 of the wire rope, and determine the second traction wheel acceleration a3 and the second wire rope acceleration a4 according to the first braking time t3 and the second braking time t4 and the measured first traction wheel speed and the first wire rope speed.
6. The elevator braking performance detection and evaluation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The counterweight mass, elevator car mass, rope center distance, first traction wheel acceleration, first wire rope acceleration, second traction wheel acceleration and second wire rope acceleration are input into the elevator emergency braking analysis model for analysis to obtain the elevator braking torque, including: Substitute the counterweight mass, elevator car mass, rope center distance, first traction wheel acceleration, and first wire rope acceleration into the preset upward emergency braking calculation model, and substitute the counterweight mass, elevator car mass, rope center distance, second traction wheel acceleration, and second wire rope acceleration into the preset downward emergency braking calculation model, and calculate the elevator braking torque through the upward emergency braking calculation model and the downward emergency braking calculation model; wherein, The calculation model for uphill emergency braking is: The calculation model for downlink emergency braking is: Where, J is the moment of inertia of the brake wheel; m1 is the car mass; m2 is the counterweight mass; R is the distance from the traction wire rope to the traction wheel center; a1 is the elevator traction wheel acceleration; a2 is the elevator wire rope acceleration; M f is the friction torque generated by the brake wheel.
7. A method for detecting and evaluating elevator braking performance, characterized in that: Using the elevator braking performance detection and evaluation system as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 to perform performance detection and evaluation; The detection and evaluation device comprises: a traction wheel, a traction wire rope is arranged around the upper half of the traction wheel, one end of the traction wire rope is connected to a counterweight, and the other end of the traction wire rope is connected to an elevator car, a brake is arranged on the elevator car, and an acceleration detection device is arranged on the traction wheel and the traction wire rope respectively; Also included is: a processor electrically connected to the two acceleration detection devices, the elevator car, and the brake; The detection and evaluation method comprises: The counterweight mass, elevator car mass and rope center distance are obtained through the processor; The elevator car is controlled to move upward to a uniform speed state and then the power is cut off. When the brake enters an emergency braking state, the first traction wheel acceleration and the first wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices are read; the elevator car is controlled to move downward to a uniform speed state and then the power is cut off. When the brake enters an emergency braking state, the second traction wheel acceleration and the second wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices are read; The counterweight mass, elevator car mass, rope center distance, first traction wheel acceleration, first wire rope acceleration, second traction wheel acceleration and second wire rope acceleration are input into the elevator emergency braking analysis model for analysis to obtain the elevator braking torque.
8. The elevator braking performance detection and evaluation method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: Obtain the counterweight mass, elevator car mass and traction sheave radius, including: The receiving personnel inputs the traction sheave diameter D measured by a tape measure, the rope side distance d measured by a caliper, the elevator car mass m1 and the counterweight mass m2 measured by a weighing device, and determine the rope center distance R based on the traction sheave diameter D and the rope side distance d.
9. The elevator braking performance detection and evaluation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first traction wheel acceleration and the first wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices include: The two acceleration detection devices read the first braking time t1 of the traction wheel and the second braking time t2 of the wire rope, and determine the first traction wheel acceleration a1 and the first wire rope acceleration a2 according to the first braking time t1 and the second braking time t2 and the measured first traction wheel speed and the first wire rope speed; The first traction wheel acceleration and the first wire rope acceleration measured by the two acceleration detection devices include: The two acceleration detection devices read the third braking time t3 of the traction wheel and the second braking time t4 of the wire rope, and determine the second traction wheel acceleration a3 and the second wire rope acceleration a4 according to the first braking time t3 and the second braking time t4 and the measured first traction wheel speed and the first wire rope speed.
10. The elevator braking performance detection and evaluation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The counterweight mass, elevator car mass, rope center distance, first traction wheel acceleration, first wire rope acceleration, second traction wheel acceleration and second wire rope acceleration are input into the elevator emergency braking analysis model for analysis to obtain the elevator braking torque, including: Substitute the counterweight mass, elevator car mass, rope center distance, first traction wheel acceleration, and first wire rope acceleration into the preset upward emergency braking calculation model, and substitute the counterweight mass, elevator car mass, rope center distance, second traction wheel acceleration, and second wire rope acceleration into the preset downward emergency braking calculation model, and calculate the elevator braking torque through the upward emergency braking calculation model and the downward emergency braking calculation model; wherein, The calculation model for uphill emergency braking is: The calculation model for downlink emergency braking is: Where, J is the moment of inertia of the brake wheel; m1 is the mass of the car; m2 is the mass of the counterweight; R is the distance from the traction wire rope to the traction wheel center; a1 is the acceleration of the traction wheel when the elevator is going up; a2 is the acceleration of the wire rope when the elevator is going up; a3 is the acceleration of the traction wheel when the elevator is going down; a4 is the acceleration of the wire rope when the elevator is going down; M f is the friction torque generated by the brake wheel.