Hoist and elevator

Abstract

The invention provides a hoisting machine and an elevator, which can easily perform rope wheel inspection operation and can prevent components from falling down in a hoistway during inspection operation. The hoist (4) is provided with: a sheave (22) for winding a main cable; a drive unit that is connected to the sheave (22) and rotates the sheave (22); a case (21) that accommodates the drive unit; and a sheave cover (24) that covers at least a portion of the outer periphery of the sheave (22). The rope wheel cover (24) is provided with: fixed covers (32A, 32B) which are fixed to the box body (21) and in which openings facing the outer peripheral surface of the rope wheel (22) are formed; and a movable cover (31) which is movably attached to the fixed covers (32A, 32B) and closes the opening.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a traction machine and an elevator. Background Art

[0002] Generally speaking, a cable elevator comprises a car, a counterweight, a main rope connecting the car and the counterweight, and a traction machine around which the main rope is wound. The car and the counterweight are driven by the traction machine to move up and down in the hoistway.

[0003] In addition, in the traction machine, in order to prevent foreign matter from mixing into the sheave groove of the sheave and to prevent oil splashing, to prevent being wound up during inspection, etc., a sheave cover covering at least a portion of the sheave is provided. As an existing technology of this type, for example, the technology described in patent document 1 is provided.

[0004] Patent document 1 describes a technology for covering a driving sheave having a cable fixed at one end to a car and at the other end to a counterweight. Patent document 1 describes a cover body that covers the driving sheave and a cable cover member that is movably mounted on the cover body to cover the cable that is deflected from the driving sheave to the counterweight side by a deflection wheel. Patent document 1 also describes that the cable cover member can be fixed to the cover body in accordance with the angle of the deflected cable.

[0005] During periodic inspection and maintenance, it is necessary to contact the sheave groove with a measuring tool in order to confirm the amount of wear on the sheave groove.

[0006] Prior art literature

[0007] Patent Literature

[0008] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-79604 Summary of the invention

[0009] Technical issues to be solved by the invention

[0010] However, in the technology described in Patent Document 1, in order to make the measuring tool contact the sheave groove during the inspection operation, it is necessary to remove the entire sheave cover from the box body. As a result, in the technology described in Patent Document 1, not only the inspection operation is very complicated, but also there is a problem that when the sheave cover is removed, there is a risk that parts such as the fixing screws or the sheave cover fall into the hoistway.

[0011] An object of the present invention is to provide a hoisting machine and an elevator that can easily perform the inspection work of the sheave and can prevent the parts from falling in the hoistway during the inspection work in view of the above-mentioned problems.

[0012] Technical solutions to solve problems

[0013] In order to solve the above problems and achieve the purpose, a traction machine includes: a sheave for winding a main rope; a driving unit connected to the sheave to rotate the sheave; a box body for storing the driving unit; and a sheave cover covering at least a portion of the outer periphery of the sheave. The sheave cover includes: a fixed cover fixed to the box body and having an opening facing the outer peripheral surface of the sheave; and a movable cover movably mounted on the fixed cover to close the opening.

[0014] In addition, the elevator has a car, a counterweight connected to the car via a main rope, and a traction machine that raises and lowers the car by winding the main rope. In addition, the traction machine uses the above-mentioned traction machine.

[0015] Effects of the Invention

[0016] According to the hoisting machine and the elevator having the above-described structure, the inspection work of the sheave can be easily performed, and the components can be prevented from falling into the hoistway during the inspection work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram showing an elevator according to the first embodiment.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a side view showing the hoisting machine according to the first embodiment.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a front view showing the hoisting machine according to the first embodiment.

[0020] Figure 4 1 is a diagram showing a sheave cover according to a first embodiment. Figure 4 A is the picture above, Figure 4 B is the front view.

[0021] Figure 5 1 is a diagram showing a movable cover of a sheave cover according to a first embodiment. Figure 5 A is the picture above, Figure 5 B is the front view.

[0022] Figure 6 1 is a diagram showing a fixing cover of a sheave cover according to a first embodiment. Figure 6 A is the picture above, Figure 6 B is the front view.

[0023] Figure 7 1 is a diagram showing a state in which a portion of the sheave cover of the first embodiment is opened. Figure 7 A is the picture above, Figure 7 B is the front view.

[0024] Figure 8 It is a top view showing a movable cover of a sheave cover according to a second embodiment.

[0025] Fig. 9 It is a top view showing a movable cover of a sheave cover according to a third embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] For the following embodiments of the traction machine and the elevator, refer to Figures 1 to 9 In addition, in each figure, the same reference numerals are attached to the common components.

[0027] 1. First embodiment example

[0028] 1-1. Example of elevator structure

[0029] First, an example of the structure of the hoisting machine and the elevator according to the first embodiment (hereinafter referred to as "this embodiment") is described with reference to FIG. Figure 1 Provide explanation.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram showing a structural example of an elevator.

[0031] Figure 1 The elevator 1 shown is a so-called machine-room-less elevator that does not have a machine room above a hoistway 100 formed in a building structure.

[0032] The elevator 1 includes a car 2 that moves up and down in a hoistway 100, a main rope 3, a traction machine 4, and a counterweight 5. The traction machine 4 is installed on a machine beam 13 installed in the hoistway 100. The main rope 3 is wound around a sheave of the traction machine 4.

[0033] A car side pulley 2a is provided at the lower part of the car 2. A main rope 3 is wound around the car side pulley 2a. A counterweight side pulley 5a is provided at the counterweight 5. The main rope 3 is wound around the counterweight side pulley 5a.

[0034] The car 2 is movably supported by the car side rails 6. The counterweight 5 is movably supported by the counterweight side rails 7. The car side rails 6 and the counterweight side rails 7 are erected from the bottom pit of the hoistway 100 upward in the ascending and descending direction.

[0035] In the pit of the hoistway 100, a car buffer 11 and a counterweight buffer 12 are provided. The car buffer 11 is arranged below the lifting direction of the car 2. The counterweight buffer 12 is arranged below the counterweight 5 in the lifting direction.

[0036] One end 8 of the main rope 3 is fixed to a machine beam 13 on which the hoisting machine 4 is installed. In addition, the other end 9 of the main rope 3 is fixed to a support beam 14 arranged above the hoistway 100. The main rope 3 is suspended from the one end 8 to the bottom of the hoistway 100, and is wound around the counterweight side pulley 5a, the sheave 22 of the hoisting machine 4, and the car side pulley 2a in sequence, and the other end 9 is fixed to the support beam 14. Thus, the hoisting machine 4 drives the car 2 and the counterweight 5 to move up and down in the hoistway 100.

[0037] 1-2. Example of traction machine structure

[0038] Next, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The structure of the hoisting machine 4 will be described.

[0039] Figure 2 is a side view showing the traction machine 4, Figure 3 It is a front view showing the hoisting machine 4.

[0040] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the traction machine 4 includes a housing 21, a sheave 22, a brake device 23, a sheave cover 24, a rope anti-drop cover 25, a driving unit and a drum (not shown). The driving unit is accommodated in the housing 21, and drives the sheave 22 and the drum to rotate. The brake device 23 is arranged on the outer side of the drum in the radial direction provided in the housing 21. When the brake device 23 is driven, the rotation of the drum is braked.

[0041] In addition, in this example, an example in which two brake devices 23 are arranged above the box 21 in the vertical direction is described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, two brake devices 23 may be arranged opposite to each other in the vertical direction with the reel sandwiched therebetween. In addition, the number of brake devices 23 may be one, or three or more.

[0042] A sheave 22 is connected to the main shaft of the driving unit. The sheave 22 is arranged on the front side of the housing 21. The sheave 22 is driven to rotate by the driving unit. A plurality of sheave grooves are formed on the outer edge of the sheave 22 continuously along the circumference of the sheave 22. The main rope 3 is wound in the sheave groove. Then, the sheave 22 is driven to rotate by the driving unit of the housing 21, and the main rope 3 wound in the sheave groove moves.

[0043] A sheave cover 24 and a cable anti-drop cover 25 are disposed on the radially outer side of the sheave 22. The cable anti-drop cover 25 is disposed below the center of the sheave 22 in the vertical direction. Moreover, the cable anti-drop cover 25 is fixed to the front portion of the box body 21 via a fixing screw (e.g., a screw) 25a. In addition, the sheave cover 24 is fixed to the upper portion of the cable anti-drop cover 25 in the vertical direction via a fixing screw 43.

[0044] The sheave cover 24 covers at least a portion of the outer periphery of the sheave 22. In this example, the sheave cover 24 is on the outer periphery of the sheave 22, covering the outer periphery of the portion of the sheave 22 that is above the center. The sheave cover 24 can not only prevent foreign matter from being mixed into the sheave groove of the sheave 22, but also prevent oil from splashing. In addition, the sheave cover 24 can be used to prevent the operator from being caught in the sheave 22 during the inspection operation.

[0045] 1-3. Example of sheave cover structure

[0046] Next, refer to Figure 4 A to Figure 6 B A structural example of the sheave cover 24 will be described.

[0047] Figure 4 A is a top view showing the sheave cover 24, Figure 4 B is a front view showing the sheave cover 24. Figure 5 A and Figure 5 B is a diagram showing a movable cover 31 of the sheave cover 24 to be described later. Figure 6 A and Figure 6 B is a diagram showing fixed covers 32A and 32B of the sheave cover 24 to be described later.

[0048] like Figure 4 A and Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 2B , the sheave cover 24 includes a movable cover 31, two fixed covers 32A and 32B, a rotation pin 41, and a stop pin 42. Figure 3 to Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 2B, two fixed covers 32A and 32B are arranged on both sides of the radial direction of the outer periphery of the sheave 22. The first fixed cover 32A is arranged on one side in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the sheave 22, and the second fixed cover 32B is arranged on the other side in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the sheave 22. In addition, the upper parts of the two fixed covers 32A and 32B in the up-down direction are arranged with a space (opening) separated. The opening formed by the two fixed covers 32A and 32B faces the outer peripheral surface (sheave surface) of the sheave 22. The movable cover 31 is arranged in a manner to close the space (opening) provided on the upper parts of the two fixed covers 32A and 32B. The movable cover 31 is arranged on the upper part of the outer periphery of the sheave 22 in the up-down direction.

[0049] The movable cover 31 is rotatably supported by the first fixed cover 32A via a rotation pin 41. In addition, a stopper pin 42 is fixed to the second fixed cover 32B.

[0050] Next, the movable cover 31 will be described.

[0051] like Figure 5 A and Figure 5As shown in FIG. 2B , the movable cover 31 is formed in a substantially rectangular flat plate shape. A rotation hole 31a is formed at one end in the long side direction of the movable cover 31. The rotation hole 31a is a long hole extending along the long side direction of the movable cover 31. A rotation pin 41 is inserted into the rotation hole 31a. The movable cover 31 rotates around the rotation pin 41.

[0052] A stopper 31b is formed at the other end in the long-side direction of the movable cover 31. The stopper 31b is a cutout formed from the other end in the long-side direction of the movable cover 31 toward the center in the long-side direction of the movable cover 31. Normally, a stopper pin 42 is inserted into the stopper 31b. In addition, the length of the cutout of the stopper 31b is set to be shorter than the length of the longest portion of the rotation hole 31a formed by the long hole.

[0053] Next, the fixed covers 32A and 32B will be described.

[0054] like Figure 6 A and Figure 6 As shown in FIG. 1B , the fixing covers 32A and 32B are formed by bending a flat plate-like member. A fixing piece 33 is formed at the lower part of the fixing covers 32A and 32B in the vertical direction. In addition, an upper piece 34 is formed at the upper part of the fixing covers 32A and 32B in the vertical direction. The fixing piece 33 and the upper piece 34 are formed by bending both ends of the fixing covers 32A and 32B.

[0055] The fixing plate 33 is formed with a fixing hole 33a formed by a long hole. The fixing plate 33 overlaps with the upper portion of the cable anti-detachment cover 25. Then, the fixing plate 33 is fastened and fixed to the cable anti-detachment cover 25 by inserting the fixing screw 43 into the fixing hole 33a. In addition, although the example of fixing the fixing cover 32A, 32B to the cable anti-detachment cover 25 representing the fixing bracket is described, it is not limited to this, and for example, the fixing cover 32A, 32B can also be directly fixed to the front portion of the box body 21.

[0056] An insertion hole 34a is formed in the upper sheet 34. Figure 4 A and Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1B , a rotation pin 41 is inserted into the insertion hole 34a of the upper piece 34 of the first fixed cover 32A. In addition, a stopper pin 42 is inserted into the insertion hole 34a of the upper piece 34 of the second fixed cover 32B. The stopper pin 42 is releasably engaged with the engaging portion 31b of the movable cover 31. Thus, the movable cover 31 can be prevented from being accidentally moved under normal circumstances.

[0057] In addition, in this example, the movable cover 31 and the fixed covers 32A and 32B are formed into a flat plate, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the movable cover 31 and the fixed covers 32A and 32B may be formed into an arc shape according to the curvature of the sheave 22. In addition, in consideration of processability, the movable cover 31 and the fixed covers 32A and 32B are preferably formed into a flat plate shape rather than an arc shape.

[0058] 1-4. Example of rope pulley cover operation

[0059] Next, for an example of the operation of the sheave cover 24 during the inspection work of the sheave 22, refer to Figure 7 A and Figure 7 B explains.

[0060] Figure 7 A and Figure 7 B is a diagram showing a state in which a part of the sheave cover 24 is opened.

[0061] When inspecting the sheave groove of the sheave 22, first, the operator slides the movable cover 31 toward the first fixed cover 32A in a direction parallel to the plane of the movable cover 31. As a result, the engagement of the stopper 42 with the stopper 31b of the movable cover 31 is released. Next, the movable cover 31 is rotated in a direction parallel to the plane of the movable cover 31 around the rotation pin 41.

[0062] Therefore, if Figure 7 A and Figure 7 As shown in FIG. 2B , the movable cover 31 moves away from the second fixed cover 32B and toward the first fixed cover 32A. Then, a space is formed between the upper pieces 34 of the first fixed cover 32A and the second fixed cover 32B. As a result, a portion of the sheave cover 24 is opened, and the upper part of the sheave 22 in the vertical direction is opened.

[0063] Thus, according to the sheave cover 24 of this example, a part of the sheave cover 24 can be opened without removing the fixing screw 43, the rotating pin 41, and the stop pin 42. Even if the sheave cover 24 is opened, the movable cover 31 is attached to the first fixed cover 32A via the rotating pin 41. As a result, during the inspection of the sheave 22, that is, during the opening of the sheave cover 24, the risk of the fixing screw 43, the rotating pin 41, the stop pin 42, the movable cover 31 and other components falling in the hoistway 100 can be reduced.

[0064] Next, the operator inserts a measuring tool into the sheave groove of the sheave 22 from the opening formed in the sheave cover 24 to check the wear amount of the sheave groove. Here, the movable cover 31 is arranged at the upper part of the sheave 22 in the vertical direction, and the opening formed in the sheave cover 24 is located at the upper part of the sheave 22. Thus, the measuring tool can be vertically inserted into the sheave groove of the sheave 22 from the upper part in the vertical direction. As a result, the inspection operation of the sheave 22 can be easily performed.

[0065] In the sheave cover 24 of this example, an example is described in which the movable cover 31 is rotated around the rotating pin 41 in a direction parallel to the plane of the movable cover 31, but the moving method of the movable cover 31 is not limited to rotation. For example, the movable cover 31 may be slid along the axial direction of the sheave 22 in a direction parallel to the plane of the movable cover 31.

[0066] In addition, when the movable cover 31 is slid along the axial direction of the sheave 22 to open a part of the sheave cover 24, it is necessary to connect the movable cover 31 to both the first fixed cover 32A and the second fixed cover 32B when opening. Therefore, compared with sliding the movable cover 31, rotating the movable cover 31 can make the opening formed in the sheave cover 24 larger. As a result, the inspection work of the sheave 22 can be easily performed.

[0067] In addition, an example in which the movable cover 31 is arranged above the sheave 22 in the vertical direction and the opening of the sheave cover 24 is formed in the upper part of the sheave 22 is described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the movable cover 31 may be arranged on the lower side above the sheave 22 in the vertical direction and the opening of the sheave cover 24 may be formed on the lower side of the upper part of the sheave 22. In addition, by arranging the movable cover 31 above the sheave 22 in the vertical direction and forming the opening of the sheave cover 24 in the upper part of the sheave 22, it is possible to easily insert the measuring tool vertically relative to the sheave groove during the inspection operation.

[0068] In addition, the wear amount of the sheave groove is calculated based on the sinking amount of the main rope 3 relative to the sheave groove. Therefore, during the inspection, it is necessary to confirm the upper surface of the sheave 22 in the vertical direction of the sheave 22 on which the main rope 3 is installed. Therefore, it is preferred to arrange the movable cover 31 above the sheave 22 in the vertical direction so that the opening formed in the sheave cover 24 is arranged on the upper part of the sheave 22.

[0069] 2. Second Embodiment Example

[0070] Next, refer to Figure 8 A sheave cover according to a second embodiment will be described. Figure 8 It is a top view showing a movable cover of a sheave cover according to a second embodiment.

[0071] The sheave cover of the second embodiment differs from the sheave cover 24 of the first embodiment in the structure of the movable cover. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the common parts with the sheave cover 24 of the first embodiment, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.

[0072] like Figure 8As shown, the movable cover 61 is formed in a substantially rectangular flat plate shape. A rotation hole 61a into which a rotation pin can be inserted is formed at one end in the longitudinal direction of the movable cover 61. In the movable cover 61 of the second embodiment, the rotation hole 61a is formed in a circular shape.

[0073] A locking portion 61b is formed at the other end in the long-side direction of the movable cover 61. The stop pin 42 is inserted into the locking portion 61b. In addition, the locking portion 61b is formed by cutting from one end in the short-side direction of the movable cover 61 to the center in the short-side direction of the movable cover 61 in an arc shape. That is, the locking portion 61b is formed along the rotation trajectory of the movable cover 61. According to the sheave cover of the second embodiment, there is no need for a sliding action to release the locking of the locking portion 61b and the stop pin 42 before rotating the movable cover 61.

[0074] The other structures are the same as those of the sheave cover 24 of the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted. The sheave cover having such a movable cover 61 can also achieve the same effects as those of the sheave cover 24 of the first embodiment.

[0075] 3. Third embodiment example

[0076] Next, refer to Fig. 9 A sheave cover according to a third embodiment will be described. Fig. 9 It is a top view showing a movable cover of a sheave cover according to a third embodiment.

[0077] The sheave cover of the third embodiment differs from the sheave cover 24 of the first embodiment in the structure of the movable cover. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the common parts with the sheave cover 24 of the first embodiment, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.

[0078] like Fig. 9 As shown, the movable cover 71 is formed in a substantially rectangular flat plate shape. A rotation hole 71a into which a rotation pin can be inserted is formed at one end in the longitudinal direction of the movable cover 71. In the movable cover 71 of the third embodiment, the rotation hole 71a is formed in a circular shape.

[0079] A locking portion 71b is formed at the other end portion in the longitudinal direction of the movable cover 71. The stop pin 42 is locked in the locking portion 71b. In addition, the locking portion 71b is formed by cutting the other end portion of the movable cover 71 in a hook shape. That is, the locking portion 71b is formed so as to be locked to the stop pin 42. According to the sheave cover of the third embodiment, there is no need to slide the locking portion 71b and the stop pin 42 before rotating the movable cover 71.

[0080] The other structures are the same as those of the sheave cover 24 of the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted. The sheave cover having such a movable cover 71 can also achieve the same effects as those of the sheave cover 24 of the first embodiment.

[0081] In addition, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[0082] For example, in the above embodiment, the hoisting machine 4 is arranged at the uppermost part of the hoistway 100, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the hoisting machine 4 may be arranged at the lowermost part of the hoistway 100 or in the middle part of the hoistway 100, and the location of the hoisting machine 4 is not limited.

[0083] In addition, in this specification, terms such as "parallel" and "orthogonal" are used, but they do not only mean strict "parallel" and "orthogonal", but can also mean "approximately parallel" and "approximately orthogonal" states that include "parallel" and "orthogonal" and are within the range that can exert their functions.

[0084] Description of Reference Numerals

[0085] 1... elevator, 2... car, 3... main rope, 4... traction machine, 21... casing, 22... sheave, 23... brake device, 24... sheave cover, 25... rope anti-drop cover, 31, 61, 71... movable cover, 31a, 61a, 71a... rotating hole, 31b, 61b, 71b... stopping portion, 32A... first fixed cover, 32B... second fixed cover, 33... fixed plate, 33a... fixed hole, 34... upper plate, 34a... insertion hole, 41... rotating pin, 42... stop pin, 100... hoistway.

Claims

1. A traction machine, characterized in that: have: A sheave for winding the main rope; a driving unit connected to the rope pulley and capable of rotating the rope pulley; a housing that accommodates the driving unit; and a sheave cover covering at least a portion of an outer circumference of the sheave, The sheave cover has: a fixed cover fixed to the box body and having an opening facing the outer peripheral surface of the rope pulley; and The movable cover is movably mounted on the fixed cover and is used for closing the opening.

2. The traction machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed cover is provided with a rotation pin for rotatably supporting the movable cover.

3. The traction machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed cover is provided with a stopper pin that is releasably engaged with a locking portion provided on the movable cover.

4. The traction machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening formed in the fixing cover is located at an upper portion of the sheave in the vertical direction. The movable cover is arranged above the sheave in the up-down direction.

5. The traction machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed cover has: a first fixing cover disposed on one side in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the sheave; and a second fixing cover arranged on the other side in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the sheave, The opening is a space formed between the first fixing cover and the second fixing cover.

6. The traction machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first fixed cover is provided with a rotation pin for rotatably supporting the movable cover. The second fixed cover is provided with a stopper pin that is releasably locked with a locking portion provided on the movable cover.

7. The traction machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed cover and the movable cover are formed of flat plate-shaped members.

8. An elevator, characterized in that: have: Car; a counterweight connected to the car via a main rope; and a traction machine that raises and lowers the car by winding up the main rope, The traction machine has: a sheave for winding the main rope; a driving unit connected to the rope pulley and capable of rotating the rope pulley; a housing that accommodates the driving unit; and a sheave cover covering at least a portion of an outer circumference of the sheave, The sheave cover has: a fixed cover fixed to the box body and having an opening facing the outer peripheral surface of the rope pulley; and The movable cover is movably mounted on the fixed cover and is used for closing the opening.

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