Shifting mechanism of winch

Abstract

The winch gear shifting mechanism comprises a variable-frequency and variable-speed motor, the power output end of the variable-frequency and variable-speed motor is connected with a speed reducer, the output end of the speed reducer is connected with a coupler, the coupler is connected with a main driving shaft, and the left side and the right side of the main driving shaft are provided with a high-speed-gear driving wheel bearing set and a low-speed-gear driving wheel bearing set. A high-speed-gear driving chain wheel is installed on the outer side of the high-speed-gear driving wheel bearing set and connected with a high-speed-gear driven chain, the other side of the high-speed-gear driven chain is connected with a high-speed-gear driven chain wheel, and a low-speed-gear driving chain wheel is installed on the outer side of the low-speed-gear driving wheel bearing set and connected with a low-speed-gear driven chain. The other side of the low-speed-gear driven chain is connected with a low-speed-gear driven chain wheel, the high-speed-gear driven chain wheel and the low-speed-gear driven chain wheel are connected with a driven shaft, one side of the driven shaft is connected with a roller, and the main driving shaft is provided with a gear engaging sleeve between the high-speed-gear driving chain wheel and the low-speed-gear driving chain wheel in a sliding mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of oil drilling and production, and in particular relates to a winch shifting mechanism. Background Art

[0002] During oil field operations, winches are needed to lift objects or lower and recover cables, etc. The uses are diverse and the requirements for winch performance are also diverse. Among them, lifting weight and lifting speed are key performance indicators. The maximum lifting weight and lifting speed are key factors in determining the motor power. Usually the lifting weight and speed are proportional to the motor power. The greater the weight and the faster the speed, the greater the motor power required.

[0003] On the other hand, the winch needs to adjust the lifting speed at any time during use. Usually, the hydraulic winch is adjusted by hydraulic means, and the mechanical winch is adjusted by a variable frequency reduction motor. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the existing winch equipment usually adopts a three-phase variable frequency motor a, which reduces the motor speed to a rated value through a reducer b, and then transmits the torque to the main drive shaft d through a coupling c. The main drive shaft d drives the sprocket e and the chain transmission mechanism f to transmit the torque to the driven shaft g, and the driven shaft g drives the drum h to perform lifting and lowering operations. Since the variable frequency motor speed regulation used for lifting works in the constant torque speed regulation range, such as Figure 2 As shown, when the working frequency is below 50HZ, the torque is constant within 0-50HZ. According to power P=T*n / 9550, the power decreases as the frequency decreases, that is, the lower the speed, the lower the power. If you want to get a large lifting force, that is, torque, at a low speed, you must use a high-power motor.

[0004] When choosing a variable frequency motor for a winch, we usually consider the rated load, drum diameter and maximum lifting speed (cable lifting speed) to determine the motor power and reduction ratio. When the normal working load and rope speed are determined, the motor power and reducer can be determined. At this time, the winch can work normally without any problems. However, when the cable is stuck, a large load far exceeding the normal rated working load is required. When the cable is pulled slowly to unblock it, the pulling force cannot be increased because the torque is constant. This is the limitation of existing winches. Therefore, a winch shifting mechanism is urgently needed to solve the above problem. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems raised by the above background technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a winch shifting mechanism.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A winch shift mechanism comprises a variable frequency speed regulating motor, a power output end of the variable frequency speed regulating motor is connected to a reducer, an output end of the reducer is connected to a coupling, the coupling is connected to a main drive shaft, a fast gear driving wheel bearing group and a slow gear driving wheel bearing group are installed on the left and right sides of the main drive shaft, a fast gear driving sprocket is installed on the outer side of the fast gear driving wheel bearing group, the fast gear driving sprocket is connected to a fast gear driven chain, and the other side of the fast gear driven chain is connected to a fast gear driven sprocket A slow gear driving sprocket is installed on the outer side of the slow gear driving wheel bearing group, the slow gear driving sprocket is connected to a slow gear driven chain, the other side of the slow gear driven chain is connected to a slow gear driven sprocket, the fast gear driven sprocket and the slow gear driven sprocket are connected to a driven shaft, one side of the driven shaft is connected to a roller, and a gear sleeve is slidably installed on the main drive shaft between the fast gear driving sprocket and the slow gear driving sprocket, and the left and right sides of the gear sleeve cooperate with the fast gear driving sprocket and the slow gear driving sprocket.

[0008] It is further defined that the left and right ends of the main drive shaft are equipped with a driving shaft left seat bearing and a driving shaft right seat bearing. Such a structural design is convenient for installing and using the main drive shaft.

[0009] It is further defined that a keyway is provided in the gear sleeve, a spline is installed in the keyway, and the spline is fixedly installed on the main drive shaft. Such a structural design facilitates the fixed installation of the gear sleeve.

[0010] It is further defined that the left and right sides of the gear sleeve are provided with octagonal holes, and the right side of the fast gear driving sprocket and the left side of the slow gear driving sprocket are both provided with octagonal shafts matching the octagonal holes. Such a structural design is convenient for connection and use.

[0011] It is further defined that a shift fork is installed on the outer side of the gear shift sleeve. Such a structural design facilitates the shift shift sleeve to move its position through the shift fork.

[0012] It is further defined that the driven shaft is provided with a left side driven shaft seat bearing on the left side of the fast gear driven sprocket, the driven shaft is provided with a middle driven shaft seat bearing between the slow gear driven sprocket and the drum, and the driven shaft is provided with a right side driven shaft seat bearing on the right side of the drum. Such a structural design facilitates the installation of the driven shaft for use.

[0013] It is further defined that the fast gear driven sprocket and the slow gear driven sprocket are both provided with mounting keyways, the driven shaft is provided with matching mounting keys at the corresponding mounting keyways, and the fast gear driven sprocket and the slow gear driven sprocket are connected to the driven shaft through the matching of the mounting keyways and the mounting keys. Such a structural design facilitates the fixed installation of the fast gear driven sprocket and the slow gear driven sprocket.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention adopts two groups of sprocket chain groups with different speed ratios, which can realize both high-speed operation with conventional loads and low-speed heavy-load operation. The shift sleeve is adopted to slide left and right, and cooperate with the fast gear and slow gear active sprockets respectively to realize the shift function and torque transmission. When both sides do not cooperate, the neutral function is realized, which successfully solves the problem of inability to shift gears in oil well winch production. Without reducing the motor speed, the rope speed is reduced and the torque is increased, and the small-power motor can successfully carry out rated load lifting work in the fast gear normally; after changing to the slow gear, it can be lifted slowly to release the jam of large loads. The present invention has a simple structure, is easy to operate, has a good use effect, and has broad market prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present invention can be further illustrated by the non-limiting examples given in the accompanying drawings;

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the existing winch transmission structure;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the speed regulation characteristics of the variable frequency motor;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a winch shifting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of position A of a winch shift mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] The main component symbols are described as follows:

[0021] Frequency conversion speed regulating motor 1, reducer 2, coupling 3, main driving shaft 4, fast gear driving wheel bearing group 5, slow gear driving wheel bearing group 6, fast gear driving sprocket 7, fast gear driven chain 8, fast gear driven sprocket 9, slow gear driving sprocket 10, slow gear driven chain 11, slow gear driven sprocket 12, driven shaft 13, roller 14, gear sleeve 15, left side bearing with seat of driving shaft 16, right side bearing with seat of driving shaft 17, keyway 18, spline 19, octagonal sleeve hole 20, octagonal shaft 21, fork 22, left side bearing with seat of driven shaft 23, middle side bearing with seat of driven shaft 24, right side bearing with seat of driven shaft 25, installation keyway 26, installation key 27. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] Embodiment 1, as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, a winch shifting mechanism, the power output end of the variable frequency speed regulating motor 1 is connected to a reducer 2, the output end of the reducer 2 is connected to a coupling 3, the coupling 3 is connected to a main drive shaft 4, the left and right sides of the main drive shaft 4 are equipped with a fast gear driving wheel bearing group 5 and a slow gear driving wheel bearing group 6, the outer side of the fast gear driving wheel bearing group 5 is equipped with a fast gear driving sprocket 7, the fast gear driving sprocket 7 is connected to a fast gear driven chain 8, the other side of the fast gear driven chain 8 is connected to a fast gear driven sprocket 9, the slow gear driving wheel bearing group 6 is installed on the outer side of the fast gear driving wheel bearing group 5 A slow gear driving sprocket 10 is installed on the outside, the slow gear driving sprocket 10 is connected to a slow gear driven chain 11, the other side of the slow gear driven chain 11 is connected to a slow gear driven sprocket 12, the fast gear driven sprocket 9 and the slow gear driven sprocket 12 are connected to a driven shaft 13, one side of the driven shaft 13 is connected to a roller 14, the main drive shaft 4 is slidably installed with a gear sleeve 15 between the fast gear driving sprocket 7 and the slow gear driving sprocket 10, and the left and right sides of the gear sleeve 15 cooperate with the fast gear driving sprocket 7 and the slow gear driving sprocket 10.

[0024] In this embodiment, when in use, by starting the variable frequency speed regulating motor 1, the variable frequency speed regulating motor 1 provides a power source, and the speed can be adjusted through the frequency converter, the reducer 2 reduces the speed of the variable frequency speed regulating motor 1 to a reasonable value, and the coupling 3 plays a role in transmitting torque, and transmits the torque of the variable frequency speed regulating motor 1 to the main drive shaft 4, and the main drive shaft 4 rotates. When the main drive shaft 4 rotates, due to the isolation of the fast gear driving wheel bearing group 5 and the slow gear driving wheel bearing group 6, the torque of the main drive shaft 4 cannot be directly transmitted to the fast gear driving sprocket 7 and the slow gear driving sprocket 10. That is to say, when the main drive shaft 4 rotates, The fast gear driving sprocket 7 and the slow gear driving sprocket 10 are idle on the main drive shaft 4 and do not rotate. When the gear sleeve 15 is pushed to slide to the left, the left side of the gear sleeve 15 is contacted and matched with the right side of the fast gear driving sprocket 7 to realize the fast gear shifting. The torque of the variable frequency speed regulation motor 1 is transmitted to the main drive shaft 4 through the coupling 3, and the main drive shaft 4 transmits the torque to the fast gear driving sprocket 7 through the gear sleeve 15. The fast gear driving sprocket 7 drives the fast gear driven chain 8 to drive the fast gear driven sprocket 9, and the fast gear driven sprocket 9 drives the driven shaft 13, and the driven shaft 13 drives the drum 14 to rotate rapidly.

[0025] When the gear sleeve 15 is in the middle position, neither matching the left fast gear nor the right slow gear, the variable frequency speed regulating motor 1 is in an idling state.

[0026] When the gear sleeve 15 slides to the right and the right side of the gear sleeve 15 contacts and cooperates with the left side of the slow gear driving sprocket 10, the slow gear is engaged, and the torque of the variable frequency speed regulating motor 1 is transmitted to the main drive shaft 4 through the coupling 3. The main drive shaft 4 then transmits the torque to the slow gear driving sprocket 10 through the gear sleeve 15. The slow gear driving sprocket 10 drives the slow gear driven chain 11 to drive the slow gear driven sprocket 12. The slow gear driven sprocket 12 drives the driven shaft 13. The driven shaft 13 drives the drum 14 to rotate slowly.

[0027] Among them, the fast gear driving wheel bearing group 5 and the slow gear driving wheel bearing group 6 support their respective driving sprockets on the main drive shaft 4 and limit their axial movement, so that the fast gear driving sprocket 7 and the slow gear driving sprocket 10 can remain in an idling state when the gear is not engaged.

[0028] Embodiment 2, as Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment adds the following structure on the basis of the embodiment 1: the left and right ends of the main drive shaft 4 are installed with a driving shaft left-side bearing 16 and a driving shaft right-side bearing 17.

[0029] In this embodiment, the main drive shaft 4 is supported, fixed and limited by the left-side bearing 16 and the right-side bearing 17 of the driving shaft, allowing the main drive shaft 4 to rotate but not move axially.

[0030] Embodiment 3, as Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment adds the following structure on the basis of embodiment 1: a keyway 18 is provided in the gear sleeve 15, a spline 19 is installed in the keyway 18, and the spline 19 is fixedly installed on the main drive shaft 4.

[0031] In this embodiment, the gear sleeve 15 is meshed with the main drive shaft 4 through the spline 19, so that the gear sleeve 15 can rotate with the main drive shaft 4 and transmit torque, and the gear sleeve 15 can slide left and right along the axial direction for easy adjustment.

[0032] The main drive shaft 4 is connected to the gear sleeve 15 via a spline 19, and can slide left and right without affecting torque transmission.

[0033] Embodiment 4, as Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment adds the following structure on the basis of embodiment 1: octagonal holes 20 are provided on the left and right sides of the gear sleeve 15, and octagonal shafts 21 matching the octagonal holes 20 are provided on the right side of the fast gear driving sprocket 7 and the left side of the slow gear driving sprocket 10.

[0034] In this embodiment, the left and right sides of the gear sleeve 15 are respectively provided with octagonal holes 20, and the octagonal holes 20 can be inserted and matched with the octagonal shafts 21 on the right side of the fast gear driving sprocket 7 and the left side of the slow gear driving sprocket 10 respectively. When the gear sleeve 15 slides to the left side and the octagonal holes 20 on the left side of the gear sleeve 15 are inserted into the octagonal shafts on the right side of the fast gear driving sprocket 7, the fast gear is completed. When the gear sleeve 15 slides to the right side and the octagonal holes 20 on the right side of the gear sleeve 15 are inserted into the octagonal shafts 21 on the left side of the slow gear driving sprocket 10, the slow gear is completed.

[0035] Embodiment 5, as Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment adds the following structure on the basis of the embodiment 1: a shift fork 22 is installed on the outer side of the shift sleeve 15.

[0036] In this embodiment, when shifting gears, the shift fork 22 drives the shift sleeve 15 to move left and right to achieve the shifting gears.

[0037] Embodiment 6, as Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment adds the following structure on the basis of embodiment 1: the driven shaft 13 is installed with a left-side driven shaft bearing 23 on the left side of the fast-speed driven sprocket 9, the driven shaft 13 is installed with a middle driven shaft bearing 24 between the slow-speed driven sprocket 12 and the roller 14, and the driven shaft 13 is installed with a right-side driven shaft bearing 25 on the right side of the roller 14.

[0038] In this embodiment, the driven shaft 13 is supported, fixed and limited by the left side bearing 23, the middle side bearing 24 and the right side bearing 25, allowing the driven shaft 13 to rotate but not move axially.

[0039] Embodiment 7, as Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment adds the following structure on the basis of embodiment 1: both the fast gear driven sprocket 9 and the slow gear driven sprocket 12 are provided with mounting keyways 26, and the driven shaft 13 is provided with matching mounting keys 27 at the corresponding mounting keyways 26, and the fast gear driven sprocket 9 and the slow gear driven sprocket 12 are connected to the driven shaft 13 through the cooperation of the mounting keyways 26 and the mounting keys 27.

[0040] In this embodiment, the fast gear driven sprocket 9 and the slow gear driven sprocket 12 are connected to the driven shaft 13 by the cooperation of the mounting key slot 26 and the mounting key 27, so that the fast gear driven sprocket 9 and the slow gear driven sprocket 12 can drive the driven shaft 13 to rotate when they rotate, and then the driven shaft 13 drives the roller 14 to rotate.

[0041] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the technology may modify or change the above embodiments without violating the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A winch shift mechanism, characterized in that: The invention comprises a variable frequency speed regulating motor (1), wherein the power output end of the variable frequency speed regulating motor (1) is connected to a reducer (2), the output end of the reducer (2) is connected to a coupling (3), the coupling (3) is connected to a main drive shaft (4), a fast gear driving wheel bearing group (5) and a slow gear driving wheel bearing group (6) are installed on the left and right sides of the main drive shaft (4), a fast gear driving sprocket (7) is installed on the outer side of the fast gear driving wheel bearing group (5), the fast gear driving sprocket (7) is connected to a fast gear driven chain (8), the other side of the fast gear driven chain (8) is connected to a fast gear driven sprocket (9), the slow gear driving wheel bearing group (6) is installed on the outer side of the fast gear driving wheel bearing group (5), ) is installed with a slow gear driving sprocket (10) on the outer side, the slow gear driving sprocket (10) is connected with a slow gear driven chain (11), the other side of the slow gear driven chain (11) is connected with a slow gear driven sprocket (12), the fast gear driven sprocket (9) and the slow gear driven sprocket (12) are connected with a driven shaft (13), one side of the driven shaft (13) is connected with a roller (14), the main driving shaft (4) is slidably installed with a gear sleeve (15) between the fast gear driving sprocket (7) and the slow gear driving sprocket (10), and the left and right sides of the gear sleeve (15) are matched with the fast gear driving sprocket (7) and the slow gear driving sprocket (10).

2. A winch shifting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left and right ends of the main drive shaft (4) are provided with a driving shaft left-side seat bearing (16) and a driving shaft right-side seat bearing (17).

3. A winch shifting mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gear sleeve (15) is provided with a keyway (18), a spline (19) is installed in the keyway (18), and the spline (19) is fixedly installed on the main drive shaft (4).

4. A winch shifting mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The left and right sides of the gear sleeve (15) are provided with octagonal holes (20), and the right side of the fast gear driving sprocket (7) and the left side of the slow gear driving sprocket (10) are both provided with octagonal shafts (21) matching the octagonal holes (20).

5. A winch shifting mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: A shift fork (22) is installed on the outer side of the gear engaging sleeve (15).

6. A winch shifting mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driven shaft (13) is provided with a driven shaft left side seat bearing (23) on the left side of the fast gear driven sprocket (9), the driven shaft (13) is provided with a driven shaft middle seat bearing (24) between the slow gear driven sprocket (12) and the roller (14), and the driven shaft (13) is provided with a driven shaft right side seat bearing (25) on the right side of the roller (14).

7. A winch shifting mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fast gear driven sprocket (9) and the slow gear driven sprocket (12) are both provided with mounting keyways (26), and the driven shaft (13) is provided with matching mounting keys (27) at positions corresponding to the mounting keyways (26). The fast gear driven sprocket (9) and the slow gear driven sprocket (12) are connected to the driven shaft (13) through the cooperation of the mounting keyways (26) and the mounting keys (27).

Images