Polyphenolic hydroxy fatty alkyl amide lubricants for water-based drilling fluids and methods of making same

Abstract

The application discloses a polyphenol hydroxyl fatty alkyl amide lubricant for water-based drilling fluid and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of oil field chemistry. The preparation method comprises the following steps: a, weighing 0.10 mol of polyhydroxy benzoic acid, 0.10-0.12 mol of fatty amine and 0.3-0.5% of a catalyst NaF; b, adding into a 250 mL three-necked flask provided with a condensation reflux device and a water segregator, protecting by nitrogen, heating to 200-250 DEG C, stirring for 5-7 h, and obtaining a dark brown viscous liquid product; c, the polyhydroxy benzoic acid and the fatty amine are subjected to an amidation reaction to generate the polyphenol hydroxyl fatty alkyl amide; and d, the polyphenol hydroxyl fatty alkyl amide is mixed with a solvent high-carbon-number fatty alcohol at a mass ratio of 6:4-4:6 at 70-80 DEG C for 2-3 h, and the lubricant product is obtained. The lubricant prepared by the application has strong adsorption capacity under high temperature and high salt, the lubricating film formed by the lubricant has strong extreme pressure and wear resistance, and the lubricant is suitable for efficient drilling of super-deep wells.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oil field chemistry, and particularly relates to a polyphenol hydroxyl fatty alkyl amide lubricant for water-based drilling fluid and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The lubricating property of drilling fluid is a key factor affecting the torque and friction of drilling operation, and plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety and efficiency of drilling. With the exploration and development of deep and ultra-deep oil and gas resources being valued, the drilling operation amount of deep and ultra-deep wells has been increasing in recent years, but the problems of high torque and high friction are becoming more and more prominent, which seriously affects the rate of penetration, and even leads to complex situations such as pressure support, pipe sticking or drill tool damage. In addition, the drilling conditions of deep and ultra-deep wells are harsh, with high temperature, high pressure and high salt, which puts high requirements on the lubricating property of drilling fluid. Adding lubricant to drilling fluid is the main technical means to improve the lubricating property. The commonly used lubricants at present include graphite powder, plastic ball, mineral oil, vegetable oil, crude oil, surfactant and fatty acid ester and its derivatives. Among them, mixing graphite powder, plastic ball, mineral oil, vegetable oil and crude oil into drilling fluid has limited lubricating effect and cannot meet the demand of friction reduction and drag reduction in ultra-deep wells. Surfactants such as octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and fatty acid esters such as methyl oleate have certain lubricating effect, but because they are difficult to be firmly adsorbed on the surface of drilling tools under high temperature and high salt conditions, the lubricating film formed is thin and has poor wear resistance, so the friction reduction and drag reduction capacity needs to be further improved, which is difficult to meet the efficient drilling demand of ultra-deep wells.

[0003] The Chinese patent document with publication number CN110343562A and publication date of October 18, 2019 discloses a water-based special fatty amine high-efficiency lubricant, which is characterized in that it comprises the following components in parts by weight: special fatty amine 5-15, acetic acid 1-5, alkyl dimethyl tertiary amine 1-5, bactericide 0.1-1, bacteriostatic agent 0.1-1, antirust agent 0.5-5, surfactant 1-5, dispersant 0.5-5, water softener 0.5-5, defoamer 0.5-5 and water 50-70; the special fatty amine is selected from any one or two or more of N-decyl-1, 3-propanediamine, N-dodecyl-1, 3-propanediamine, N-tetradecyl-1, 3-propanediamine, N-hexadecyl-1, 3-propanediamine, N-octadecyl-1, 3-propanediamine, N-oil-based-1, 3-propanediamine N-tallow-based-1, 3-propanediamine.

[0004] The water-based special fatty amine high-efficiency lubricant disclosed in the patent document can significantly reduce the friction between the packaging container bottle or can and the conveying belt, and can fully meet the demand of modern food industry production line. However, the adsorption capacity is weak under high temperature and high salt, the anti-extreme pressure and anti-wear capacity of the lubricating film formed is poor, and it is not suitable for efficient drilling of ultra-deep wells. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a polyphenol hydroxyl fatty alkyl amide lubricant for water-based drilling fluid and a preparation method thereof to overcome the defects of the prior art.

[0006] The present application is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0007] The polyphenol hydroxyl fatty alkyl amide lubricant for water-based drilling fluid comprises polyhydroxybenzoic acid, fatty amine and high-carbon fatty alcohol.

[0008] The preparation method of the polyphenol hydroxyl fatty alkyl amide lubricant for water-based drilling fluid comprises the following steps:

[0009] a. 0.10 mol of polyhydroxybenzoic acid, 0.10-0.12 mol of fatty amine and 0.3-0.5% of catalyst NaF are weighed;

[0010] b. The mixture is added into a 250 mL three-necked flask equipped with a condensation reflux device and a water segregator, and is protected by nitrogen, heated to 200-250 DEG C, and stirred for 5-7 h to obtain a dark brown viscous liquid product;

[0011] c. The polyhydroxybenzoic acid and the fatty amine are subjected to amidation reaction to generate the polyphenol hydroxyl fatty alkyl amide;

[0012] d. The polyphenol hydroxyl fatty alkyl amide and the solvent high-carbon fatty alcohol are mixed at a mass ratio of 6:4-4:6 at 70-80 DEG C for 2-3 h to obtain the lubricant product.

[0013] In step a, the 0.3-0.5% of catalyst NaF refers to the proportion relative to the total mass of the synthesis raw materials.

[0014] In step a, the polyhydroxybenzoic acid is 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid.

[0015] In step a, the polyhydroxybenzoic acid is 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid.

[0016] In step a, the polyhydroxybenzoic acid is 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid.

[0017] In step a, the polyhydroxybenzoic acid is 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzoic acid.

[0018] In step a, the fatty amine is octadecyl primary amine, oleyl primary amine, hexadecyl primary amine or dioctadecyl secondary amine.

[0019] In step d, the high-carbon fatty alcohol is octadecenyl alcohol.

[0020] In step d, the high-carbon fatty alcohol is n-dodecanol.

[0021] The basic principle of the present application is as follows:

[0022] The preparation of the polyphenol hydroxyl fatty alkyl amide lubricant is carried out in two steps, the first step is to carry out an amidation reaction of the polyhydroxy benzoic acid and the long-chain fatty amine at high temperature to generate an amidation product, and the second step is to dissolve the amidation product in a high-carbon fatty alcohol and mix uniformly, to finally obtain the lubricant product.

[0023] The key to the excellent performance of the lubricant molecules lies in not only being able to effectively adsorb on the surface of the metal drilling tool and the well wall rock, but also having a suitable lipophilic long chain, thereby being able to form a thick and wear-resistant oil film, and converting the solid-solid friction between the drilling tool and the well wall into the friction between the oil films. The lubricant is a strong adsorption amphiphilic molecule, the amphiphilic molecule is of a non-ionic structure, is not sensitive to electrolytes and pH, and the chemical bonds in the structure do not appear ester bonds or ether bonds which are easy to break at high temperature, thereby having good high-temperature resistance and salt-calcium resistance.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present application mainly lie in the following aspects:

[0025] 1. In the present application, the lubricant is a specific component of polyhydroxy benzoic acid, fatty amine and high-carbon fatty alcohol, and has stronger adsorption capacity and better high-temperature resistance and salt-calcium resistance compared with the prior art.

[0026] 2. In the present application, a, 0.10 mol of polyhydroxy benzoic acid, 0.10-0.12 mol of fatty amine and 0.3-0.5% of a catalyst NaF are weighed; b, the mixture is added into a 250 mL three-necked flask provided with a condensation reflux device and a water segregator, nitrogen protection is carried out, heating is carried out to 200-250℃, and stirring reaction is carried out for 5-7 h, to obtain a dark brown viscous liquid product; c, the polyhydroxy benzoic acid and the fatty amine undergo an amidation reaction to generate a polyphenol hydroxyl fatty alkyl amide; d, the polyphenol hydroxyl fatty alkyl amide and the solvent high-carbon fatty alcohol are mixed at a mass ratio of 6:4-4:6 at 70-80℃ for 2-3 h, to be the lubricant product. Compared with the prior art, the prepared lubricant has strong adsorption capacity at high temperature and high salt, the formed lubricating film has strong extreme pressure and wear resistance, and is suitable for use in super-deep well high-efficiency drilling.

[0027] 3. In the present application, based on the principle that the polyphenol hydroxyl structure can form a metal coordination bond with the metal drilling tool and form multiple hydrogen bonds with the surface of the rock and clay, the adsorption capacity of the lubricant at high temperature and high salt is greatly improved, the ester bond and ether bond are replaced by the amide bond which has better temperature resistance, and the benzene ring structure is introduced, thereby being able to effectively improve the thermal stability of the lubricant.

[0028] 4. The present invention provides a non-ionic, strongly adsorbed amphiphilic molecular lubricant that overcomes the problems of weak adsorption capacity, insufficient resistance to high temperature and salt calcium, and unsatisfactory lubrication and drag reduction effects of existing synthetic ester lubricants. It can effectively solve the problems of high torque and high friction in deep and ultra-deep well drilling operations.

[0029] 5. Compared with existing solid and synthetic fatty acid ester lubricants, the present invention has better lubrication effect and excellent resistance to temperature, salt and calcium. It has a temperature resistance greater than 220°C, a salt resistance of up to 30%, and a calcium resistance of up to 30%.

[0030] 6. This invention has no negative impact on the rheology and filtration properties of drilling fluid, and has a certain viscosity-reducing effect, which is beneficial to reducing the pressure loss of drilling fluid circulation and achieving drag reduction.

[0031] 7. In the entire preparation process of this invention, the amount of raw materials added is small, and the effect is obvious; it is non-toxic and environmentally friendly. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The present invention will now be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of aging temperature on the lubrication performance of lubricant CQRHJ-1.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the effect of the intrusion amounts of NaCl and CaCl2 on the lubrication performance of lubricant CQRHJ-1. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Water-based drilling fluid lubricants include polyphenolic hydroxy fatty alkyl amides, fatty amines, and high carbon number fatty alcohols.

[0037] This embodiment is the most basic implementation method. The lubricant is a specific component of polyhydroxybenzoic acid, fatty amine and high carbon number fatty alcohol. Compared with the prior art, it has a stronger adsorption capacity and good resistance to high temperature and salt calcium.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] A method for preparing a polyphenolic hydroxy fatty alkylamide lubricant for water-based drilling fluids includes the following steps:

[0040] a. Weigh out 0.10 mol of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 0.10 mol of octadecyl primary amine, and 0.3% of catalyst NaF;

[0041] b. Add into a 250 mL three-necked flask equipped with a condenser and a water separator, and protect it with nitrogen. Heat it to 200℃ using an oil bath, and stir the reaction for 5 hours to obtain a dark brown viscous liquid product;

[0042] c. Amide reaction of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid and octadecyl primary amine to generate bisphenol hydroxyoctadecyl amide;

[0043] d. Mix the amide product obtained in the previous step with solvent octadecenol at a mass ratio of 5:5 at 70℃ for 3 hours to obtain lubricant product CQRHJ-1.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the lubricant prepared in this embodiment has strong adsorption capacity under high temperature and high salt, and the lubricating film formed has strong anti-wear and extreme pressure resistance, which is suitable for super deep well high-efficiency drilling.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] The preparation method of the polyphenol hydroxyl fatty alkyl amide lubricant for water-based drilling fluid comprises the following steps:

[0047] a. Take 0.10 mol of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 0.12 mol of oleyl primary amine, and 0.3% of catalyst NaF;

[0048] b. Add into a 250 mL three-necked flask equipped with a condenser and a water separator, and protect it with nitrogen. Heat it to 210℃ using an oil bath, and stir the reaction for 6 hours to obtain a dark brown viscous liquid product;

[0049] c. Amide reaction of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid and oleyl primary amine to generate bisphenol hydroxyoctadecenyl amide;

[0050] d. Mix the amide product obtained in the previous step with solvent octadecenol at a mass ratio of 6:4 at 75℃ for 2.5 hours to obtain lubricant product CQRHJ-2.

[0051] This embodiment is a preferred embodiment. Based on the principle that the polyphenol hydroxyl structure can form a metal coordination bond with a metal drill tool and form multiple hydrogen bonds with the surface of rock and clay, the adsorption capacity of the lubricant under high temperature and high salt is greatly improved. The amide bond with better temperature resistance is used to replace the ester bond and ether bond, and the benzene ring structure is introduced, so that the thermal stability of the lubricant can be effectively improved.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] The preparation method of the polyphenol hydroxyl fatty alkyl amide lubricant for water-based drilling fluid comprises the following steps:

[0054] a. Take 0.10 mol of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, 0.11 mol of hexadecyl primary amine and 0.4% catalyst NaF

[0055] b. Add to a 250 mL three-necked flask equipped with a condenser reflux device and a water separator, protect with nitrogen, heat to 250°C using an oil bath, stir for 5h, and obtain a dark brown viscous liquid product;

[0056] c. Amide reaction of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid and hexadecyl primary amine to generate triphenol hydroxyhexadecyl amide

[0057] d. Stir the amide product obtained in the previous step with solvent n-dodecanol at a mass ratio of 4:6 at 80°C for 2h, and it is the lubricant product CQRHJ-3.

[0058] This embodiment is another preferred embodiment. The non-ionic strong adsorption amphiphilic molecule lubricant overcomes the problems of weak adsorption capacity, insufficient high temperature resistance and salt calcium resistance, and unsatisfactory lubrication and drag reduction effect of existing synthetic ester lubricants, and can effectively solve the problems of high torque and high friction in deep well drilling.

[0059] Example 5

[0060] The preparation method of the polyphenol hydroxy fatty alkyl amide lubricant for water-based drilling fluid comprises the following steps:

[0061] a. Take 0.10 mol of 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzoic acid, 0.12 mol of dioctadecyl secondary amine and 0.5% catalyst NaF;

[0062] b. Add to a 250 mL three-necked flask equipped with a condenser reflux device and a water separator, protect with nitrogen, heat to 210°C using an oil bath, stir for 7h, and obtain a dark brown viscous liquid product

[0063] c. Amide reaction of 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzoic acid and dioctadecyl secondary amine to generate triphenol hydroxydioctadecyl amide;

[0064] d. Stir the amide product obtained in the previous step with solvent octadecenol at a mass ratio of 4:6 at 80°C for 2h, and it is the lubricant product CQRHJ-4.

[0065] This embodiment is the best embodiment. Compared with existing solid and synthetic fatty acid ester lubricants, the lubrication effect is better, and it has excellent temperature resistance and salt calcium resistance, with temperature resistance greater than 220°C, salt resistance up to 30%, and calcium resistance up to 30%.

[0066] It has no negative impact on the rheological and filtration properties of the drilling fluid, and has certain viscosity reduction effect, which is beneficial to reduce the circulation pressure consumption of the drilling fluid and has drag reduction effect.

[0067] The raw material consumption is small and the effect is obvious during the whole preparation process; it is non-toxic and friendly to the environment.

[0068] The lubricating properties of the four prepared polyphenol hydroxyl fatty alkyl amide lubricants are evaluated as follows:

[0069] The evaluation slurry is 4% bentonite-based slurry, and the aging condition is 200°C and 16h. The extreme pressure lubricating coefficients of the four polyphenol hydroxyl fatty alkyl amide lubricants and foreign products DFL, CNOOC service product PF-Lube and methyl oleate before and after aging in 4% base slurry are shown in Table 1, which is the lubricating coefficients of different lubricants before and after aging in the base slurry.

[0070] Table 1

[0071]

[0072] As shown in Table 1, the four prepared polyphenol hydroxyl fatty alkyl amide lubricants all exhibit excellent lubricating effect before and after high-temperature aging at 200°C, with the extreme pressure lubricating coefficient being lower than 0.08 and the lubricating coefficient reduction rate being always greater than 85%, and their lubricating effect is better than that of foreign products DFL, CNOOC service product PF-Lube and methyl oleate under the same conditions, indicating that they have good high-temperature resistance lubricating performance.

[0073] The polyphenol hydroxyl fatty alkyl amide lubricant CQRHJ-1 is further evaluated for high-temperature salt-calcium resistance, with the addition amount being 1%, and the experimental results are shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in Figure 1 , with the increase of aging temperature, the lubricating coefficient reduction rate is always greater than 85%, even after aging at 220°C, it is still as high as 85.4%, indicating that the temperature resistance of CQRHJ-1 can reach at least 220°C. As shown in Figure 2 , after the base slurry containing 1% CQRHJ-1 is contaminated by 30% NaCl and 30% CaCl2, the extreme pressure lubricating coefficient reduction rate is always greater than 80% after high-temperature aging at 220°C, indicating that it has excellent high-temperature salt-calcium resistance lubricating performance.

[0074] As shown in the above experiments, the polyphenol hydroxyl fatty alkyl amide lubricant CQRHJ-1 has excellent high-temperature salt-calcium resistance lubricating performance.

[0075] The lubricating effect of the lubricant is further evaluated in a high-temperature high-density water-based drilling fluid system. The drilling fluid formula is: 1% base slurry + 0.5% NaOH + 0.3% polymer viscosity reducer + 0.8% polymer fluid loss reducer + 3% KFT + 2% SMP-3 + 4% SPNH + 5% KCl + 3% polymer plugging agent + 5% sulfonated asphalt + 0.5% sodium sulfite + 4% calcium carbonate + barite, with the density being 2.2g / cm3 The viscosity reduction effect was further evaluated, and the results are shown in Table 2, which shows the influence of the lubricant CQRHJ-1 on the properties of the high-temperature and high-density water-based drilling fluid system.

[0076] Table 2

[0077]

[0078] As shown in Table 2, after the polyphenol hydroxyl fatty alkyl amide lubricant CQRHJ-1 is added, the rheological and filtration properties of the high-density drilling fluid before and after aging at 200℃ do not change, and the viscosity is slightly reduced, the extreme pressure lubrication coefficient and the filter cake adhesion coefficient are greatly reduced to 0.122 and 0.0699, respectively, with a reduction rate of 40.2% and 56.2%, respectively, indicating that the lubricant CQRHJ-1 has good lubricating effect in the high-temperature and high-density drilling fluid system, and has no negative effect on the basic properties of the drilling fluid.

Claims

1. A polyphenolic hydroxy fatty alkyl amide lubricant for water-based drilling fluids, characterized in that: The product comprises polyhydroxybenzoic acid, fatty amine, and high carbon number fatty alcohol. The preparation method of the water-based drilling fluid polyphenolic hydroxy fatty alkylamide lubricant includes: weighing 0.10 mol of polyhydroxybenzoic acid, 0.10–0.12 mol of fatty amine, and 0.3–0.5% catalyst NaF; adding them to a 250 mL three-necked flask equipped with a reflux condenser and a water separator; purging with nitrogen; heating to 200–250 °C; stirring for 5–7 h to obtain a dark brown viscous liquid product; the polyhydroxybenzoic acid and fatty amine undergo an amidation reaction to generate polyphenolic hydroxy fatty alkylamide; mixing the polyphenolic hydroxy fatty alkylamide with a solvent high carbon number fatty alcohol at a mass ratio of 6:4–4:6 at 70–80 °C for 2–3 h to obtain the lubricant product. The polyhydroxybenzoic acid is 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, or 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzoic acid; the fatty amine is octadecyl primary amine, oleyl primary amine, hexadecyl primary amine, or dioctadecyl secondary amine; the high carbon number fatty alcohol is octadecenol or n-dodecanol.

2. A method for preparing polyphenolic hydroxy fatty alkyl amide lubricant for water-based drilling fluids, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: a. Weigh out 0.10 mol of polyhydroxybenzoic acid, 0.10–0.12 mol of aliphatic amine, and 0.3–0.5% of catalyst NaF; b. Add to a 250mL three-necked flask equipped with a reflux condenser and a water separator, purge with nitrogen, heat to 200-250℃, stir and react for 5-7 hours to obtain a dark brown viscous liquid product. c. Polyhydroxybenzoic acid and fatty amines undergo an amidation reaction to generate polyphenolic hydroxy fatty alkyl amides; d. Mix polyphenolic hydroxy fatty alkyl amides and solvents with high carbon number fatty alcohols at a mass ratio of 6:4 to 4:6 at 70 to 80°C for 2 to 3 hours to obtain the lubricant product. The polyhydroxybenzoic acid is 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, or 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzoic acid; The fatty amine is octadecyl primary amine, oleyl primary amine, hexadecyl primary amine, or dioctadecyl secondary amine; The high-carbon-number fatty alcohol is octadecenol or n-dodecanool.

3. The method for preparing the polyphenolic hydroxy fatty alkyl amide lubricant for water-based drilling fluid according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step a, 0.3-0.5% catalyst NaF refers to the percentage relative to the total mass of the synthesis raw materials.

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