Preparation method of consumable electrode for smelting multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy and titanium alloy cast ingot

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of non-ferrous metal smelting, and relates to a consumable electrode for multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy smelting and a preparation method of a titanium alloy cast ingot. According to the preparation method, the sub-electrode block is provided with a nestable special concave-convex structure, the powdery intermediate alloy is contained in the groove type cavity, assembling and welding between consumable electrode blocks are facilitated, meanwhile, the reasonable three-time VAR smelting process is matched, and the problem that in the preparation process of the multi-element titanium alloy, due to the fact that in the material mixing and pressing process of the powdery intermediate alloy, the number of the consumable electrode blocks is large can be effectively solved. The precision of components is affected due to the fact that the inner wall of the die is contaminated and dust raising type loss is caused; and the structural strength of the consumable electrode block is affected due to the fact that a large amount of powdery intermediate alloy is intensively distributed. Meanwhile, according to the structure of the consumable electrode block, a strategy of small-melting-speed stable melting is adopted in the primary VAR melting process, and a strategy of high-melting-speed melting is adopted in the secondary VAR melting process and the tertiary VAR melting process, so that the ingot casting quality and the uniformity of components are ensured, and the production efficiency of the ingot casting is also ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of nonferrous metal smelting, relates to the smelting of multi-component high-temperature titanium alloy, and specifically relates to a preparation method of a consumable electrode and a titanium alloy ingot for smelting multi-component high-temperature titanium alloy. Background Art

[0002] Titanium alloys have the characteristics of high specific strength, low density, good corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, and creep resistance, and have become the preferred material in the aerospace field. At present, in order to meet the application requirements of aerospace engines in terms of reducing fuselage weight and improving thrust-to-weight ratio, conventional titanium alloys (such as Ti-6Al-4V) can no longer meet the service requirements of higher temperatures. Therefore, titanium alloys must still have good strength, toughness, plasticity, fatigue, and creep properties in high temperature environments (550℃~700℃), and at the same time, they must have excellent oxidation resistance and organizational stability.

[0003] In order to meet the service requirements of the above-mentioned high-temperature environment, titanium alloys are developing in the direction of multiple principal elements, that is, by adding many high-melting-point chemical elements or rare earth elements to increase the melting point of titanium alloys, and improve the structural stability and various high-temperature mechanical properties of titanium alloys. For example, Ti150, Ti60, Ti65, Ti650, etc., this type of titanium alloy has up to 12 types of elements, and most of the elements such as W, Ta, C, O, Y in the alloy are introduced in the form of powdered intermediate alloys. However, due to the large variety of elements contained in high-temperature titanium alloys, it is a technical challenge to obtain ingots with uniform and precise composition through VAR smelting. In current production practice, in order to obtain ingots with uniform and precise composition, scientific research and production units generally adopt the method of single-piece electrode mixing pressing, that is, first pressing several small electrode blocks, and finally assembling and welding the electrode blocks to obtain consumable electrodes, which is convenient for multiple VAR smelting to obtain titanium alloy ingots.

[0004] However, although the above production mode can improve the problem of composition uniformity well through single electrode block mixing, when multi-component high-temperature titanium alloy ingot melting is carried out, due to the large proportion of powdered intermediate alloys, the powdered intermediate alloys will not be accurately introduced into the ingot through "dust generation", "sinking" or adhering to the inner surface of the mold during the single-block mixing process, thereby affecting the accuracy and uniformity of the composition. In addition, there is also a method of packaging a variety of powdered intermediate alloys into several small packages in the form of an "intermediate package" and then pressing them into the electrode block. However, if the powdered intermediate alloys or intermediate alloy packages are concentrated in the electrode block, it will affect the structural strength of the electrode block and cause the electrode block to crack; and the arc is very unstable in the area where the powdered intermediate alloys are concentrated, especially the edge of the electrode block during smelting. If the powdered high-melting-point intermediate alloys are distributed at the edge of the electrode block and a larger melting rate is used for smelting during a VAR smelting process, it is easy for the low-melting-point raw materials in the local area to be melted quickly due to the fluctuation of the melting speed, thereby driving the surrounding high-melting-point powdered raw materials to fall directly into the molten pool without being melted, causing "block falling". These high-melting-point, refractory intermediate alloys that enter the molten pool in the form of "block falling" will form high-density inclusions. In addition, most of the consumable electrode blocks used for VAR smelting in titanium alloy ingot production companies are approximately cylindrical or square in shape. When assembling a whole consumable electrode, the electrode blocks can only be assembled by fitting the large flat surfaces together and then welding. This method requires "alignment" measurement for each electrode block when assembling, and the assembly effect is not good. The consumable electrode has poor flatness. At the same time, the gaps between the electrode blocks need to be circumferentially welded during welding, and the welding efficiency is also very low.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a method for preparing a consumable electrode and a titanium alloy ingot for smelting a multi-component high-temperature titanium alloy, thereby achieving an improvement in the structure of the consumable electrode block and an improvement and optimization of the smelting process.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: On the one hand, the present invention provides a consumable electrode block for smelting multi-component high-temperature titanium alloys, the consumable electrode block comprising a plurality of sub-electrode blocks of the same structure formed by pressing; each of the sub-electrode blocks is provided with a groove group on the upper end face and a protrusion group on the lower end face, and the opening position of the protrusion group corresponds to the opening position of the groove group; in adjacent sub-electrode blocks, the protrusion group of the upper sub-electrode block and the groove group of the lower sub-electrode block are nested with each other and formed into a consumable electrode block by pressing, and the groove group of the lower sub-electrode block contains a powdered intermediate alloy.

[0008] Specifically, the groove group includes a plurality of "inverted trapezoidal" grooves, and the protrusion group includes a plurality of "inverted trapezoidal" protrusions. The "inverted trapezoidal" grooves correspond one to one with the "inverted trapezoidal" protrusions, which facilitates the assembly and welding of multiple sub-electrode blocks. This can not only ensure the straightness of the assembled consumable electrode blocks, but also help to improve welding efficiency and quality to ensure the structural strength of the consumable electrode.

[0009] Furthermore, the angles of all adjacent planes at the "inverted trapezoidal" groove and the "inverted trapezoidal" protrusion are greater than 100°; the depth of the "inverted trapezoidal" groove is 30mm~80mm, and the height of the "inverted trapezoidal" protrusion is 30mm~80mm; the distance between the longitudinal section center axis of the "inverted trapezoidal" groove or the "inverted trapezoidal" protrusion and the edge of the consumable electrode block is defined as d ,and ,in, is the width of the longitudinal section of the consumable electrode block.

[0010] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for preparing a consumable electrode block for smelting a multi-component high-temperature titanium alloy, wherein the total amount of powdered intermediate alloy added is defined as C, and the weight of a single consumable electrode block is defined as D. If the total amount of powdered intermediate alloy added C is ≤8%D, the preparation of a single consumable electrode block is completed by pressing twice; if the total amount of powdered intermediate alloy added C is greater than 8%D, the preparation of a single consumable electrode block is completed by pressing three times.

[0011] The applicant needs to declare that the consumable electrode block provided by the present invention adopts a nested electrode block structure to facilitate assembly and welding to form a whole consumable electrode; when the total amount of powdered intermediate alloy added C≤8%D, a single consumable electrode block is formed by nesting and secondary pressing of upper and lower sub-electrode blocks of the same structure, and the structure of the lower sub-electrode block with an "inverted trapezoidal" groove can be used as a cavity to evenly arrange and accommodate the powdered intermediate alloy, and the structure of the upper sub-electrode block with an "inverted trapezoidal" protrusion is nested and combined with the structure of the "inverted trapezoidal" groove of the current sub-electrode block and a complete consumable electrode block is formed after secondary pressing; moreover, the "inverted trapezoidal" groove of the upper part and the "inverted trapezoidal" protrusion of the lower part of the pressed single consumable electrode block can still be used to nest the next consumable electrode block.

[0012] The single sub-electrode block mentioned here contains two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves, where the angles of all adjacent planes at the nested "inverted trapezoidal" grooves are greater than 100°. This structural design can avoid the electrode block from cracking due to stress concentration during the pressing process due to the small angle between two adjacent planes. In addition, the depth of the "inverted trapezoidal" groove structure is 30mm~80mm, and the distance from the longitudinal section center axis of the "inverted trapezoidal" groove or "inverted trapezoidal" protrusion to the edge of the consumable electrode block is defined asd ,and ,in, The width of the longitudinal section of the consumable electrode block can avoid the groove being too close to the edge of the electrode block. Such a structural design takes into account that during the VAR smelting process, the high-energy arc is generally concentrated in the central part of the longitudinal section of the consumable electrode, and the closer to the edge of the consumable electrode, the more dispersed the arc energy; if the "inverted trapezoidal" groove is too close to the edge of the longitudinal section of the electrode block, on the one hand, it will affect the melting effect of the powdered intermediate alloy, and on the other hand, it will affect the structural strength of the edge of the electrode block.

[0013] To expand on this, if the total amount of powdered master alloy added C ≤ 8% D, the uniformly mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials are divided into 2 parts, and the preparation process of a single consumable electrode block is as follows: First, pour the first batch of evenly mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials into the hydraulic press cavity for the first pressing. Set the pressure to 10MPa~15MPa and hold the pressure for 3s~6s to ensure that two grooves are pressed out of the current raw materials. Then, the weighed and evenly mixed powdered master alloy is poured evenly into the two grooves; Finally, the second batch of raw materials in the form of particles, chips or blocks are evenly covered on the powdered master alloy in the two grooves, and the consumable electrode blocks are obtained by pressing for the second time. The pressure is set to 20MPa~30MPa and the pressure holding time is 5s~10s. During the two pressing processes, the density of the raw materials after the first pressing is ≤2.0g / cm 3 After the second pressing, the density of the entire consumable electrode block is ≥3.7g / cm 3 .

[0014] It should be noted that when a single electrode block is prepared by secondary pressing, the preparation idea is as follows: (1) First, a portion of granular, shavings or block raw materials are poured into the hydraulic press cavity for the first pressing. A relatively small pressure should be used for the first pressing, which can ensure that a portion of the granular, shavings or block raw materials are preformed ("inverted trapezoidal" groove structure). However, under the small pressure, the granular, shavings or block raw materials still have a certain degree of looseness, and at the same time provide a certain bonding space for the secondary pressing. At this time, the middle part of the granular, shavings or block raw materials in the cavity is (1) Press out two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves; (2) then pour the weighed single portion of mixed powdered intermediate alloy evenly into the two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves; (3) After the powdered intermediate alloy is laid, pour another portion of granular, shavings or block raw materials on top of all the raw materials pressed for the first time. At this time, it is necessary to ensure that the newly poured granular, shavings or block raw materials completely cover the powdered intermediate alloy. Finally, apply a greater pressure than the first pressing to complete the second pressing to prepare a single complete electrode block. Subsequent electrode blocks are completed by repeating the above steps.

[0015] In addition, the nested electrode block can dynamically adjust the distribution method according to the type and amount of powdered master alloy. If the amount of master alloy added is large or there are many types of master alloys, such as when the total amount of powdered master alloy added C>8%D, a double-layer electrode block structure with "inverted trapezoidal" grooves (a total of 4 "inverted trapezoidal" groove cavities) with a shape similar to that of the secondary pressed electrode block can be formed by three pressings to evenly distribute all powdered master alloys.

[0016] Specifically, if the total amount of powdered master alloy added C>8%D, the uniformly mixed granular, chip-like or block-like raw materials are divided into 3 parts, and the uniformly mixed powdered master alloy is divided into 2 parts. The preparation process of a single consumable electrode block is as follows: First, pour the first batch of evenly mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials into the hydraulic press cavity for the first pressing. Set the pressure to 10MPa~15MPa and hold the pressure for 3s~6s to ensure that two grooves are pressed out of the current raw materials. Then, the first portion of the mixed powdered master alloy is evenly poured into the two grooves; Then, the second portion of the mixed granular, chip-like or block-like raw materials are evenly covered on the powdered master alloy in the two grooves, and a second pressing is performed, with the set pressure being 15MPa~20MPa and the holding time being 3s~6s; Next, the second portion of the mixed powdered master alloy is added into the two grooves after the second pressing; Finally, the third batch of granular, shaving or block raw materials are evenly covered on the powdered master alloy in the two grooves after the second pressing, and the consumable electrode block is pressed for the third time. The pressure is set to 20MPa~30MPa and the pressure holding time is 5s~10s. During the three pressing processes, the density of the raw materials after the first and second pressing is ≤2.0g / cm 3 After the third pressing, the density of the entire consumable electrode block is ≥3.7g / cm 3 .

[0017] It should be noted that when a single electrode block is prepared by three-stage pressing, the preparation idea is as follows: (1) first pour a portion of granular, chip-like or block-like raw materials into the hydraulic press cavity for the first pressing. A relatively small pressure should be used for the first pressing, which can ensure that a portion of the raw materials are preformed ("inverted trapezoidal" groove structure). However, under the small pressure, this portion of the raw materials still has a certain degree of looseness, and at the same time provides a certain tolerance space for the second pressing. At this time, the granular, chip-like or block-like raw materials in the cavity are pressed into two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves; (2) then the weighed portion of the mixed powdered intermediate alloy is evenly poured into the two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves; (3) after the powdered intermediate alloy is laid, another portion of the granular, chip-like or block-like raw materials is poured into the cavity. Pour the granular, chip-like or block-like raw materials onto all the raw materials pressed in the first pressing. At this time, it is necessary to ensure that the newly poured granular, chip-like or block-like raw materials completely cover the powdered intermediate alloy. Then, a greater pressure than the first pressing is applied to complete the second pressing. After the second pressing is completed, two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves can still be formed. At this time, another part of the powdered intermediate alloy can be evenly poured into the two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves; (4) After the second part of the powdered intermediate alloy is laid, the last part of the granular, chip-like or block-like raw materials is poured onto all the raw materials pressed in the second pressing. At this time, it is necessary to ensure that the newly poured raw materials completely cover the powdered intermediate alloy. Finally, a greater pressure than the second pressing is applied to prepare a single complete electrode block through three pressings.

[0018] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a consumable electrode for smelting a multi-component high-temperature titanium alloy, using a plurality of consumable electrode blocks for smelting a multi-component high-temperature titanium alloy as described above, or a consumable electrode block prepared by the preparation method as described above, and evenly paving a plurality of powdered intermediate alloys in the groove group to ensure the structural strength of the consumable electrode block, and realizing assembly and welding of the consumable electrode blocks by nesting.

[0019] Furthermore, the assembly welding of the consumable electrode block is specifically as follows: ①Nested combination of consumable electrode blocks: Before welding, all consumable electrode blocks are placed on the welding rack of the plasma welding box, and the "grooves" and "protrusions" are nested and assembled in sequence. After the assembly is completed, all consumable electrode blocks are squeezed by the clamping devices at both ends of the rack until the gap between the consumable electrode blocks is ≤5mm (in line with welding requirements), and the consumable electrodes to be welded are obtained; ②Vacuum plasma welding: Before welding, vacuum is first carried out. When the pre-vacuum inside the welding box is ≤5Pa, arc is started and welding begins. During welding, the plasma welding gun moves from one end of the consumable electrode to be welded to the other end in turn to weld the gap between the consumable electrode blocks at a uniform speed, and the "one" welding method is used to ensure that the weld completely covers the gap between the consumable electrode blocks, and the weld width is ≥40mm; The relevant parameters in the welding process include: welding current is 0.2kA~0.4kA, welding voltage is 30V~70V, welding speed is 10mm / s~40mm / s; After one side of the entire consumable electrode is welded, it is cooled for more than 0.5 hours, and then the welding box material rack flipping mechanism is used to flip the welding material rack to weld the other side of the consumable electrode. The welding process is repeated. After the welding of the last weld is completed, the welding gun is closed and cooled. After cooling for at least 1.5 hours, it is unpacked and taken out of the furnace to obtain a consumable electrode.

[0020] Finally, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a multi-component high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, which first uses the consumable electrode for smelting the multi-component high-temperature titanium alloy as described above, and evenly spreads a variety of powdered intermediate alloys through the groove group to ensure the structural strength of the consumable electrode block, and realizes the assembly and welding of the consumable electrodes through nesting; then, the preparation of the target ingot is achieved by adjusting the VAR smelting process to improve the quality of the target ingot, production efficiency, and accuracy and uniformity after the introduction of powdered intermediate alloy elements.

[0021] Furthermore, the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: Step 1, batching: firstly, weigh the raw materials required for the master alloy according to the composition and mass percentage of each element in different types of multi-element high-temperature titanium alloys, wherein the raw materials include powdered master alloys with a particle size of ≤1 mm, and granular, chip-shaped or block-shaped raw materials with a particle size or equivalent diameter of ≥10 mm; then, according to the corresponding mass percentage, the granular, chip-shaped or block-shaped raw materials with a particle size or equivalent diameter of ≥10 mm in the raw materials are mixed evenly, and then divided into A parts according to the design weight of a single consumable electrode block, and the weighed powdered master alloys with a particle size of ≤1 mm are mixed evenly, and then divided into B parts, and A and B are both integers ≥1; Among them, the raw materials include powdered intermediate alloys with a particle size of ≤1mm, and granular, chip-like or block-like raw materials with a particle size or equivalent diameter of ≥10mm; the granular, chip-like or block-like raw materials include sponge titanium, aluminum beans, NbTi chips, HZr particles, TiSi chips, etc., and the powdered intermediate alloys include AlMo powder, TaAl powder, WAl powder, high-purity flake graphite powder, TiO2 powder, Y powder, etc.

[0022] Step 2, preparing a consumable electrode block: define the total amount of powdered master alloy added as C, and the weight of a single consumable electrode block as D. If the total amount of powdered master alloy added C ≤ 8% D, the preparation of a single consumable electrode block is completed by pressing twice; if the total amount of powdered master alloy added C > 8% D, the preparation of a single consumable electrode block is completed by pressing three times.

[0023] Step 3, welding the consumable electrode: all the consumable electrode blocks pressed in step 2 are nested and welded to form a whole consumable electrode.

[0024] Step 4: Perform three VAR smelting on the consumable electrode obtained in step 3 to obtain a multi-component high-temperature titanium alloy ingot.

[0025] Specifically, in step 3, when the consumable electrode blocks are nested and assembled for welding, the gap between adjacent consumable electrode blocks is not greater than 5 mm. Consumable electrode blocks are nested and assembled for welding in pairs to prepare a whole consumable electrode, in which the powdered intermediate alloy is uniformly distributed (non-agglomerated) on two longitudinal axes away from the edge (i.e., close to the center of the consumable electrode). In order to prevent the powdered intermediate alloy from directly falling into the molten pool to form "unmelted blocks" during the first VAR melting process due to the instability of the melting process, it is necessary to use a small melting rate and a stable melting process parameter during the first VAR melting process to control the melting process to proceed stably. The second and third VAR melting processes can use a higher melting rate than the first VAR melting process. The process parameters used to compensate for the low production efficiency caused by the first low melting rate melting.

[0026] Furthermore, in step 1, if there are too many types of powdered intermediate alloys or the amount of a single powdered intermediate alloy added is too much, resulting in its volume being larger than 1 / 2 of the two "inverted trapezoidal" groove cavities of a single electrode block, it is necessary to mix the powdered intermediate alloys evenly and divide them into two equal parts, and divide the granular, shavings or block raw materials into three equal parts. At the same time, the preparation method of the electrode block in step 2 adopts a three-time pressing method. First, 1 / 3 of the evenly mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials are pre-poured into the hydraulic press mold cavity for the first pressing of a single electrode. The first pressing pressure is set to 10MPa~15MPa, and the holding time is 3s~6s. Under this pressure, it can be ensured that the current raw material is pressed into two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves, and then one of the evenly mixed powdered intermediate alloys is evenly poured into and spread on the two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves; then 1 / 3 of the evenly mixed granular, shavings or blocks is poured into the mold cavity of the hydraulic press for the first pressing of the single electrode. The first arrangement of the powdered master alloy is covered with the raw materials for the second pressing, the second pressing pressure is set to 15MPa~20MPa, and the holding time is 3s~6s; finally, another portion of the weighed powdered master alloy is evenly poured into the two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves formed by the second pressing, and then the last 1 / 3 of the mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials are covered on the first arrangement of the powdered master alloy for the third pressing, the third pressing pressure is set to 20MPa~30MPa, and the holding time is 5s~10s. Thereafter, the above steps are repeated to prepare the remaining electrode blocks.

[0027] Furthermore, the three VAR smeltings in step 4 are specifically as follows: Step 4.1, primary VAR smelting: Before the primary VAR smelting, vacuum is firstly carried out. When the vacuum degree before melting is ≤10Pa, arc is started to start smelting. The smelting control mode adopts melting speed control. The melting speed is 8kg / min~12kg / min, the melting current is 9kA~15kA, the arc stabilization current is DC 10A~18A, the melting voltage is 25V~32V, and the cooling time after smelting is more than 3h; Step 4.2, secondary VAR smelting: During the secondary VAR smelting, the ingot obtained from the first VAR smelting is turned around for smelting, the vacuum degree before melting is ≤5Pa, the melting control method adopts melting speed control, the melting speed is 12kg / min~20kg / min, the arc stabilization current is AC 10A~20A, the melting voltage is 28V~35V, and the cooling time after melting is greater than 4h; Step 4.3, three VAR smelting: During the third VAR smelting, the secondary ingot obtained from the second VAR smelting is turned around for smelting, the vacuum degree before melting is ≤1.33Pa, and the other smelting parameters are the same as the second VAR smelting parameters.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1) The present invention optimizes the structure of the consumable electrode block and designs an electrode block with grooves ("inverted trapezoidal"), whose internal groove-type cavity can be used to accommodate powdered master alloys, which can prevent the powdered master alloys from being accurately introduced into the ingot due to "dust" and contamination of the inner wall of the mold when mixing by conventional methods, thereby affecting the accuracy and uniformity of the ingot composition. When there are many types or large quantities of powdered master alloys, a cavity structure with double-layer "inverted trapezoidal" grooves can be prepared by three pressings to evenly distribute a large amount of powdered master alloys, thereby preventing the powdered master alloys from affecting the structural strength of the consumable electrode block due to "lump-like" concentrated distribution.

[0029] 2) By providing a groove group on the upper end surface of the sub-electrode block and a protrusion group on the lower end surface, the assembly and welding of adjacent sub-electrode blocks can be facilitated. In addition, the electrode block structure designed by the present invention has a powdered intermediate alloy that is basically distributed on two longitudinal lines away from the edge of the electrode block, which can avoid the arc instability of the edge of the consumable electrode itself during the primary VAR smelting process, which easily causes "block drop" and forms high-density inclusions when the electrode block is melted; similarly, when the melting rate is too large, the arc energy concentration from the inside to the outside of the entire consumable electrode cross section will have a large difference, which will also affect the stability of the primary VAR melting process and cause "block drop". Therefore, while optimizing the electrode block structure, the present invention also adopts a small melting rate stable smelting in the primary VAR smelting process to effectively ensure the quality and composition uniformity of the primary ingot, and a VAR smelting process with a suitable larger melting rate can be adopted in the secondary and tertiary VAR smelting to ensure that the production efficiency problem caused by the low melting rate primary VAR smelting is offset without affecting the composition uniformity of the finished ingot. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present invention.

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0032] Figure 1 A flow chart of the method for preparing a multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot provided by the present invention; Figure 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an electrode block obtained by secondary pressing in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 3Schematic diagram of the pressing and forming of the consumable electrode in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the pressing and forming of the consumable electrode in Examples 2 and 3 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Instead, they are merely examples consistent with some aspects of the present invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0034] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0035] The present invention provides a method for preparing a multi-component high-temperature titanium alloy ingot. First, a consumable electrode block with a specific structure for smelting a multi-component high-temperature titanium alloy is adopted. A variety of powdered intermediate alloys are evenly spread in a groove group provided in the consumable electrode block to ensure the structural strength of the consumable electrode block, and the assembly welding of the consumable electrodes is achieved by nesting. Then, the preparation of a target ingot is achieved by adjusting the VAR smelting process, so as to improve the quality of the target ingot, the production efficiency, and the accuracy and uniformity after the powdered intermediate alloy elements are introduced.

[0036] Further, see Figure 1 , the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: Step 1, batching: firstly, weigh the raw materials required for the master alloy according to the composition and mass percentage of each element in different types of multi-element high-temperature titanium alloys, wherein the raw materials include powdered master alloys with a particle size of ≤1 mm, and granular, chip-shaped or block-shaped raw materials with a particle size or equivalent diameter of ≥10 mm; then, according to the corresponding mass percentage, the granular, chip-shaped or block-shaped raw materials with a particle size or equivalent diameter of ≥10 mm in the raw materials are mixed evenly, and then divided into A parts according to the design weight of a single consumable electrode block, and the weighed powdered master alloys with a particle size of ≤1 mm are mixed evenly, and then divided into B parts, and A and B are both integers ≥1; Step 2, preparing a consumable electrode block: define the total amount of powdered master alloy added as C, and the weight of a single electrode block as D. If the total amount of powdered master alloy added C ≤ 8% D, the preparation of a single consumable electrode block is completed by pressing twice; if the total amount of powdered master alloy added C > 8% D, the preparation of a single consumable electrode block is completed by pressing three times; Step 3, welding the consumable electrode: all the consumable electrode blocks pressed in step 2 are nested and welded to form a whole consumable electrode; Step 4: Perform three VAR smelting on the consumable electrode obtained in step 3 to obtain a multi-component high-temperature titanium alloy ingot.

[0037] Among them, the consumable electrode block for smelting multi-component high-temperature titanium alloy with the specific structure includes a plurality of sub-electrode blocks with the same structure formed by pressing; each of the sub-electrode blocks is provided with a groove group on the upper end face and a protrusion group on the lower end face, and the opening position of the protrusion group corresponds to the opening position of the groove group; in adjacent sub-electrode blocks, the protrusion group of the upper sub-electrode block and the groove group of the lower sub-electrode block are nested with each other and formed into a consumable electrode block by pressing, and the groove group of the lower sub-electrode block contains powdered intermediate alloy. Example 1

[0038] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a nine-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, wherein the nine-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot is a Ti-5.8Al-4Sn-3.5Zr-0.5Mo-0.35Si-0.7Nb-0.06C-0.1O titanium alloy ingot, and the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: Step 1: Ingredients First, according to the mass ratio of the elements of Ti-5.8Al-4Sn-3.5Zr-0.5Mo-0.35Si-0.7Nb-0.06C-0.1O nine-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, weigh sponge titanium, aluminum beans, NbTi chips, HZr particles, AlMo powder, TiSi chips, high-purity flake graphite powder, and TiO2 powder.

[0039] Step 2: Prepare consumable electrode blocks The total amount of powdered master alloy added is defined as C, the weight of a single electrode block is defined as D, and the total amount of powdered master alloy added is C≤8%D. The preparation of a single consumable electrode block is completed by pressing twice, as follows: First, the granular, shavings or block raw materials required for the single electrode block in step 1 are mixed evenly (sponge titanium, aluminum beans, NbTi chips, HZr particles, TiSi chips) and divided into two parts to form the upper and lower parts of the single electrode block; then, the first part of the mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials is poured into the mold cavity of the hydraulic press for the first pressing, the set pressure is 10MPa, the holding time is 3s, and the density of the raw materials after the first pressing is 1.2g / cm 3, under which pressure the current raw material can be pressed into two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves; then, the weighed and mixed powdered intermediate alloy (AlMo powder, high-purity flake graphite powder, TiO2 powder) is evenly spread on the two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves; finally, the second portion of the mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials is covered on the powdered intermediate alloy at the "inverted trapezoidal" groove cavity in step 2 and pressed for the second time to obtain the first consumable electrode block. The second pressing pressure is set to 20 MPa, the pressure holding time is 5 s, and the density of the complete electrode block after the second pressing is 3.7 g / cm 3 In the single electrode block formed by the secondary pressing, the angle between the adjacent planes of the inner surface of the "inverted trapezoidal" groove cavity is 110°. Thereafter, the remaining electrode blocks (the second consumable electrode block, ..., the N-1th consumable electrode block, the Nth consumable electrode block) are prepared by repeating step 2, see Figure 2~3 .

[0040] Step 3, welding the consumable electrode: all the consumable electrode blocks pressed in step 2 are nested and assembled in a plasma welding box to weld into a whole consumable electrode; the specific steps of the nested welding of the consumable electrode blocks are as follows: Step 3.1: Nested combination of electrode blocks: Before welding, all electrode blocks are placed on the welding rack of the plasma welding box, and the "grooves" and "protrusions" are nested and assembled in sequence. After the assembly is completed, the assembled electrodes are squeezed by the clamping devices at both ends of the rack. At this time, the gap between the electrode blocks is 5mm, and the assembled consumable electrode to be welded is obtained; Step 3.2, vacuum plasma welding: Before welding, vacuum is first carried out. When the pre-vacuum inside the welding box is ≤5Pa, arc is started and welding begins. During welding, the plasma welding gun moves at a uniform speed from one end of the assembled consumable electrode to the other end in turn to weld the gaps between the consumable electrode blocks, and a "straight" welding method is used to ensure that the weld completely covers the gaps between the consumable electrode blocks. At this time, the weld width is 40mm; the relevant parameters during the welding process include: welding current of 0.2kA, welding voltage of 30V, welding speed of 10mm / s, after the welding of one side of the entire consumable electrode is completed, it is cooled for 0.5h, and then the welding box material rack flipping mechanism is used to flip the welding material rack to weld the other side of the consumable electrode. The operating steps and welding parameters for welding on this side are the same as above. After the last weld is completed, the welding gun is turned off and cooled. After cooling for 1.5h, the box is opened and the furnace is taken out to obtain the consumable electrode.

[0041] Step 4: Perform three VAR smelting on the consumable electrode obtained in step 3 to obtain a nine-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot (I); wherein the three VAR smeltings are specifically as follows: Step 4.1, primary VAR smelting: Before the first smelting, vacuum is first drawn. When the vacuum degree before melting is ≤10Pa, arc is started to start smelting. The smelting control method adopts melting speed control. The melting speed is 8kg / min, the corresponding melting current is 9kA, the arc stabilization current is DC 10A, and the melting voltage is 25V. Under the above melting parameters, the arc distance can be guaranteed to be 10mm~20mm for constant melting speed and stable melting. The cooling time after melting is 4h; Step 4.2, secondary VAR smelting: During the secondary smelting, the primary ingot obtained by the primary VAR smelting is turned around for smelting, the vacuum degree before melting is ≤5Pa, the smelting control method adopts melting speed control, the melting speed is 12kg / min, the arc stabilization current is AC 10A, the smelting voltage is selected as 28V, and the cooling time after smelting is 5h; Step 4.3, three VAR smelting: During the third smelting, the secondary ingot obtained by the secondary VAR smelting was turned around for smelting to obtain a nine-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot (I). The vacuum degree before melting was ≤1.33Pa, and the other smelting parameters were the same as those of the secondary smelting.

[0042] Composition samples were taken from the edges, R / 2 and center of the head, middle and tail of the nine-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot (I) for testing. The test results are shown in Table 1. As can be seen from Table 1, the test results of Mo, C and O elements introduced into the powdered intermediate alloy are basically consistent with the added values, and the extreme differences of Mo, C and O elements are all less than 200ppm, with good accuracy and uniformity without excessive loss.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an eleven-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, wherein the eleven-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot is a Ti-5.8Al-3.5Sn-4.0Zr-0.5Mo-0.4Si-0.3Nb-1.5Ta-1.5W-0.05C-0.09O titanium alloy ingot, and the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: Step 1: Ingredients First, according to the mass ratio of the eleven-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot elements, sponge titanium, aluminum beans, NbTi chips, HZr particles, AlMo powder, TaAl powder, WAl powder, TiSi chips, high-purity flake graphite powder, and TiO2 powder were weighed.

[0045] Step 2: Prepare consumable electrode blocks The total amount of powdered master alloy added is defined as C, the weight of a single electrode block is defined as D, and the total amount of powdered master alloy added C>8%D. The preparation of a single consumable electrode block is completed by three pressing steps, as follows: First, the granular, shavings or block raw materials (sponge titanium, aluminum beans, NbTi shavings, HZr granules, TiSi shavings) required for the single electrode block in step 1 are divided into three parts to form the upper, middle and lower parts of the single electrode block; secondly, the powdered intermediate alloy (AlMo powder, TaAl powder, WAl powder, high-purity flake graphite powder, TiO2 powder) required for the single electrode block is divided into two parts; thirdly, the granular, shavings or block raw materials mixed evenly in the first part are poured into the mold cavity of the hydraulic press in advance for the first pressing of the single electrode. The first pressing pressure is set to 12MPa, the holding time is 4s, and the density of the raw materials after the first pressing is 1.4g / cm 3 , under this pressure, the current raw material can be pressed into two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves; then, the first portion of the mixed powdered master alloy is evenly poured into the two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves; then, the second portion of the mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials are covered on the powdered master alloy arranged for the first time for the second pressing. The second pressing pressure is set to 17MPa, the holding time is 4s, and the density of the raw material after the second pressing is 1.9g / cm 3 Finally, the weighed second portion of the mixed powdered intermediate alloy is evenly poured into the two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves formed by the second pressing, and then the third portion of the mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials are covered on the powdered intermediate alloy arranged last time for the third pressing to obtain the first consumable electrode block. The third pressing pressure is set to 25 MPa, the pressure holding time is 7 s, and the density of the complete electrode block after the third pressing is 3.7 g / cm 3 In the single consumable electrode block formed by three pressings, the angle between adjacent planes of the inner surface of the "inverted trapezoidal" groove cavity is 120°. Thereafter, repeat step 2 to prepare the remaining electrode blocks (the second consumable electrode block, ..., the N-1th consumable electrode block, the Nth consumable electrode block), see Figure 4 .

[0046] Step 3: Welding consumable electrode All the consumable electrode blocks pressed in step 2 are nested and assembled in a plasma welding box to weld into a whole consumable electrode; the consumable electrode nesting welding is specifically as follows: Step 3.1: Nested combination of electrode blocks: Before welding, all electrode blocks are placed on the welding rack of the plasma welding box, and the "grooves" and "protrusions" are nested and assembled in sequence. After the assembly is completed, the assembled electrodes are squeezed by the clamping devices at both ends of the rack. At this time, the gap between the electrode blocks is 4mm, and the assembled consumable electrode to be welded is obtained; Step 3.2, vacuum plasma welding: Before welding, vacuum is first carried out. When the pre-vacuum inside the welding box is ≤5Pa, arc is started and welding begins. During welding, the plasma welding gun moves at a uniform speed from one end of the assembled consumable electrode to the other end to weld the gaps between the consumable electrode blocks in sequence. During welding, the gap position of the electrode blocks needs to be welded in a "straight" manner to ensure that the weld completely covers the gap between the electrode blocks. At this time, the weld width is 60mm; the relevant parameters during the welding process include: welding current of 0.3kA, welding voltage of 50V, welding speed of 30mm / s, after the welding of one side of the entire consumable electrode is completed, it is cooled for 0.6h, and then the welding box material rack flipping mechanism is used to flip the welding material rack to weld the other side of the consumable electrode. The operating steps and welding parameters for welding on this side are the same as above. After the last weld is completed, the welding gun is turned off and cooled. After cooling for 1.6h, the box is opened and the furnace is taken out to obtain the consumable electrode.

[0047] Step 4: Perform three VAR smelting on the consumable electrode obtained in step 3 to obtain an eleven-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot (II); wherein the three VAR smeltings are specifically as follows: Step 4.1, primary VAR smelting: Before the first smelting, the vacuum is first evacuated. When the vacuum degree before melting is ≤10Pa, the arc is started to start smelting. The smelting control method adopts melting speed control. The melting speed is 10kg / min, the corresponding melting current is 12kA, the arc stabilization current is DC 15A, and the melting voltage is 28V. Under the above melting parameters, the arc distance can be guaranteed to be 10mm~20mm for constant melting speed and stable melting. The cooling time after melting is 4h; Step 4.2: Secondary VAR smelting During the secondary smelting, the primary ingot obtained by the primary VAR smelting is turned around for smelting, the vacuum degree before melting is ≤5Pa, the smelting control method adopts melting speed control, the melting speed is 15kg / min, the arc stabilization current is AC 15A, the smelting voltage is selected as 30V, and the cooling time after smelting is 5h; Step 4.3, three VAR smelting: During the third smelting, the secondary ingot obtained by the secondary VAR smelting is turned around for smelting to obtain an eleven-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot (II). The vacuum degree before melting is ≤1.33Pa, and the other smelting parameters are consistent with the secondary smelting.

[0048] Composition samples were taken from the edge, R / 2 and center of the head, middle and tail of the eleven-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot (II) for testing. The test results are shown in Table 2. It can be seen from Table 2 that the test results of Mo, Ta, W, C and O elements introduced into the powdered intermediate alloy are consistent with the added values. The extreme values ​​of Mo, Ta, W, C and O elements are all ≤500ppm, with good accuracy and uniformity without excessive loss.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a twelve-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, wherein the twelve-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot is a Ti-6.0Al-3.7Sn-3.5Zr-0.5Mo-0.35Si-0.5Nb-1.5Ta-1.0W-0.05C-0.1Y-0.08O titanium alloy ingot, and the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: Step 1. Ingredients: First, according to the mass ratio of the elements of the twelve-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, titanium sponge, aluminum beans, NbTi chips, HZr particles, AlMo powder, TaAl powder, WAl powder, TiSi chips, high-purity flake graphite powder, and TiO2 powder were weighed.

[0051] Step 2: Prepare consumable electrode blocks The total amount of powdered master alloy added is defined as C, the weight of a single electrode block is defined as D, and the total amount of powdered master alloy added C>8%D. The preparation of a single consumable electrode block is completed by three pressing steps, as follows: First, the granular, shavings or block raw materials (sponge titanium, aluminum beans, NbTi shavings, HZr granules, TiSi shavings) required for the single electrode block in step 1 are divided into three parts to form the upper, middle and lower parts of the single electrode block; secondly, the powdered intermediate alloy (AlMo powder, TaAl powder, WAl powder, high-purity flake graphite powder, TiO2 powder, Y powder) required for the single electrode block is divided into two parts; thirdly, the granular, shavings or block raw materials mixed evenly in the first part are poured into the mold cavity of the hydraulic press in advance for the first pressing of the single electrode. The first pressing pressure is set to 15 MPa, the holding time is 6 s, and the density of the raw materials after the first pressing is 1.6 g / cm 3 , under this pressure, the current raw material can be pressed into two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves; then, the first portion of the mixed powdered master alloy is evenly poured into the two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves; then, the second portion of the mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials are covered on the powdered master alloy arranged for the first time for the second pressing. The second pressing pressure is set to 20MPa, the holding time is 6s, and the density of the raw material after the second pressing is 1.8g / cm 3 Finally, the weighed second portion of the mixed powdered intermediate alloy is evenly poured into the two "inverted trapezoidal" grooves formed by the second pressing, and then the third portion of the mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials are covered on the powdered intermediate alloy arranged last time for the third pressing to obtain the first consumable electrode block. The third pressing pressure is set to 30 MPa, the pressure holding time is 10 s, and the density of the complete electrode block after the third pressing is 3.9 g / cm 3In the single consumable electrode block formed by three pressings, the angle between adjacent planes of the inner surface of the "inverted trapezoidal" groove cavity is ≥120°. Thereafter, repeat step 2 to prepare the remaining consumable electrode blocks (the second consumable electrode block, ..., the N-1th consumable electrode block, the Nth consumable electrode block), see Figure 4 .

[0052] Step 3, welding the consumable electrode: All the consumable electrode blocks pressed in step 2 are nested and assembled in a plasma welding box to weld a whole consumable electrode; the consumable electrode nested welding is specifically as follows: Step 3.1: Nested combination of electrode blocks: Before welding, all electrode blocks are placed on the welding rack of the plasma welding box and the "grooves" and "protrusions" are nested and assembled in sequence. After the assembly is completed, the assembled electrodes are squeezed by the clamping devices at both ends of the rack. At this time, the gap between the electrode blocks is 4mm, and the assembled consumable electrode to be welded is obtained; Step 3.2, vacuum plasma welding: Before welding, vacuum is first carried out. When the pre-vacuum inside the welding box is ≤5Pa, arc is started and welding begins. During welding, the plasma welding gun moves at a uniform speed from one end of the assembled consumable electrode to the other end to weld the gaps between the consumable electrode blocks. During welding, the gap position of the electrode block needs to be welded in a "straight" manner to ensure that the weld completely covers the gap between the electrode blocks. At this time, the weld width is 60mm; the relevant parameters during the welding process include: welding current of 0.4kA, welding voltage of 70V, welding speed of 40mm / s, after the welding of one side of the entire consumable electrode is completed, it is cooled for 0.5h, and then the welding box material rack flipping mechanism is used to flip the welding material rack to weld the other side of the consumable electrode. The operating steps and welding parameters for welding on this side are the same as above. After the last weld is completed, the welding gun is turned off and cooled. After cooling for 1.6h, the box is opened and the furnace is taken out to obtain the consumable electrode.

[0053] Step 4: Perform three VAR smelting on the consumable electrode obtained in step 3 to obtain a twelve-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot (three); wherein the three VAR smeltings are specifically as follows: Step 4.1, primary VAR smelting: Before the first smelting, vacuum is first drawn. When the vacuum degree before melting is ≤10Pa, arc is started to start smelting. The smelting control method adopts melting speed control. The melting speed is 12kg / min, the corresponding melting current is 15kA, the arc stabilization current is DC 18A, and the melting voltage is 32V. Under the above melting parameters, the arc distance can be guaranteed to be 10mm~20mm for constant melting speed and stable melting. The cooling time after melting is 4h; Step 4.2, secondary VAR smelting: During the secondary smelting, the primary ingot obtained by the primary VAR smelting is turned around for smelting, the vacuum degree before melting is ≤5Pa, the smelting control method adopts melting speed control, the melting speed is 20kg / min, the arc stabilization current is AC 20A, the smelting voltage is selected as 35V, and the cooling time after smelting is 5h; Step 4.3, three VAR smelting: During the third smelting, the secondary ingot obtained by the secondary VAR smelting was turned around for smelting to obtain a twelve-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot (three). The vacuum degree before melting was ≤1.33Pa, and the other smelting parameters were consistent with the secondary smelting.

[0054] Composition samples were taken from the edge, R / 2 and center of the head, middle and tail of the twelve-element high-temperature titanium alloy ingot (III) for testing. The test results are shown in Table 3. It can be seen from Table 3 that the test results of Mo, Ta, W, C and O elements introduced into the powdered intermediate alloy are consistent with the added values. The extreme values ​​of Mo, Ta, W, C and O elements are all ≤700ppm, with good accuracy and uniformity without excessive loss.

[0055]

[0056] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.

[0057] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to what has been described above and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A consumable electrode block for melting multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy, characterized in that: The consumable electrode block includes a plurality of sub-electrode blocks of the same structure formed by pressing; each of the sub-electrode blocks is provided with a groove group on the upper end surface and a protrusion group on the lower end surface, and the opening position of the protrusion group corresponds to the opening position of the groove group; in adjacent sub-electrode blocks, the protrusion group of the upper sub-electrode block and the groove group of the lower sub-electrode block are nested with each other and formed into a consumable electrode block by pressing, and the groove group of the lower sub-electrode block contains powdered intermediate alloy.

2. The consumable electrode block for melting multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The groove group includes a plurality of "inverted trapezoidal" grooves, and the protrusion group includes a plurality of "inverted trapezoidal" protrusions. The "inverted trapezoidal" grooves correspond to the "inverted trapezoidal" protrusions one by one, which facilitates the assembly and welding of multiple sub-electrode blocks.

3. The consumable electrode block for melting multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angles of all adjacent planes at the "inverted trapezoidal" groove and the "inverted trapezoidal" protrusion are all greater than 100°; the depth of the "inverted trapezoidal" groove is 30mm~80mm, and the height of the "inverted trapezoidal" protrusion is 30mm~80mm; the distance between the longitudinal section center axis of the "inverted trapezoidal" groove or the "inverted trapezoidal" protrusion and the edge of the consumable electrode block is defined as d ,and ,in, is the width of the longitudinal section of the consumable electrode block.

4. A method for preparing a consumable electrode block for smelting multi-component high-temperature titanium alloy as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Define the total amount of powdered master alloy added as C, and the weight of a single consumable electrode block as D. If the total amount of powdered master alloy added C ≤ 8% D, the preparation of a single consumable electrode block is completed by pressing twice; if the total amount of powdered master alloy added C > 8% D, the preparation of a single consumable electrode block is completed by pressing three times.

5. The method for preparing a consumable electrode block for smelting multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that: If the total amount of powdered master alloy added C≤8%D, the uniformly mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials are divided into 2 parts, and the preparation process of a single consumable electrode block is as follows: First, pour the first batch of evenly mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials into the hydraulic press cavity for the first pressing. Set the pressure to 10MPa~15MPa and hold the pressure for 3s~6s to ensure that two grooves are pressed out of the current raw materials. Then, the weighed and evenly mixed powdered master alloy is poured evenly into the two grooves; Finally, the second portion of granular, shaving or block raw materials is evenly covered on top of the powdered master alloy in the two grooves, and a second pressing is performed to obtain a consumable electrode block. The pressure is set to 20MPa~30MPa, and the pressure holding time is 5s~10s.

6. The method for preparing a consumable electrode block for smelting multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy according to claim 5, characterized in that: The density of the raw material after the first pressing is ≤2.0g / cm 3 After the second pressing, the density of the entire consumable electrode block is ≥3.7g / cm 3 .

7. The method for preparing a consumable electrode block for smelting multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that: If the total amount of powdered master alloy added C>8%D, the uniformly mixed granular, chip-like or blocky raw materials are divided into 3 parts, and the uniformly mixed powdered master alloy is divided into 2 parts. The preparation process of a single consumable electrode block is as follows: First, pour the first batch of evenly mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials into the hydraulic press cavity for the first pressing. Set the pressure to 10MPa~15MPa and hold the pressure for 3s~6s to ensure that two grooves are pressed out of the current raw materials. Then, the first portion of the mixed powdered master alloy is evenly poured into the two grooves; Then, the second portion of the mixed granular, chip-like or block-like raw materials are evenly covered on the powdered master alloy in the two grooves, and a second pressing is performed, with the set pressure being 15MPa~20MPa and the holding time being 3s~6s; Next, the second portion of the mixed powdered master alloy is added into the two grooves after the second pressing; Finally, the third portion of the evenly mixed granular, shavings or block raw materials is evenly covered on top of the powdered intermediate alloy in the two grooves after the second pressing, and the third pressing is performed to obtain the consumable electrode block. The set pressure is 20MPa~30MPa, and the pressure holding time is 5s~10s.

8. The method for preparing a consumable electrode block for smelting multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy according to claim 7, characterized in that: The density of the raw materials after the first and second pressing is ≤2.0g / cm 3 After the third pressing, the density of the entire consumable electrode block is ≥3.7g / cm 3 .

9. A method for preparing a consumable electrode for melting multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy, characterized in that: A plurality of consumable electrode blocks for smelting multi-component high-temperature titanium alloys as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, or a consumable electrode block prepared by the preparation method as described in any one of claims 4 to 8, are used, a plurality of powdered intermediate alloys are evenly spread in the groove group to ensure the structural strength of the consumable electrode block, and the assembly and welding of the consumable electrode blocks are achieved by nesting.

10. The method for preparing a consumable electrode for melting multi-element high-temperature titanium alloy according to claim 9, characterized in that: The specific assembly and welding of consumable electrode blocks are as follows: ①Nested combination of consumable electrode blocks: Before welding, all consumable electrode blocks are placed on the welding rack of the plasma welding box and nested and assembled in sequence. After the assembly is completed, all consumable electrode blocks are squeezed by the clamping devices at both ends of the rack until the gap between the consumable electrode blocks is ≤5mm, and the consumable electrodes to be assembled for welding are obtained; ②Vacuum plasma welding: Before welding, vacuum is first carried out. When the pre-vacuum inside the welding box is ≤5Pa, arc is started and welding begins. During welding, the plasma welding gun moves from one end of the consumable electrode to be welded to the other end in turn to weld the gap between the consumable electrode blocks at a uniform speed, and adopts the "one" welding method to ensure that the weld completely covers the gap between the consumable electrode blocks, and the weld width is ≥40mm; The relevant parameters in the welding process include: welding current is 0.2kA~0.4kA, welding voltage is 30V~70V, welding speed is 10mm / s~40mm / s; After one side of the entire consumable electrode is welded, it is cooled for more than 0.5 hours, and then the welding box material rack flipping mechanism is used to flip the welding material rack to weld the other side of the consumable electrode. The welding process is repeated. After the welding of the last weld is completed, the welding gun is closed and cooled. After cooling for at least 1.5 hours, it is unpacked and taken out of the furnace to obtain a consumable electrode.

11. A method for preparing a multi-component high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1, batching: firstly, weigh the raw materials required for the master alloy according to the composition and mass percentage of each element in different types of multi-element high-temperature titanium alloys, wherein the raw materials include powdered master alloys with a particle size of ≤1 mm, and granular, chip-shaped or block-shaped raw materials with a particle size or equivalent diameter of ≥10 mm; then, according to the corresponding mass percentage, the granular, chip-shaped or block-shaped raw materials with a particle size or equivalent diameter of ≥10 mm in the raw materials are mixed evenly, and then divided into A parts according to the design weight of a single consumable electrode block, and the weighed powdered master alloys with a particle size of ≤1 mm are mixed evenly, and then divided into B parts, and A and B are both integers ≥1; Step 2, pressing to obtain a consumable electrode block using the preparation method according to any one of claims 4 to 8; Step 3, welding the consumable electrode: assembling and welding the consumable electrode to form a whole consumable electrode by the preparation method as described in claim 9 or 10; Step 4: Perform three VAR smelting on the consumable electrode obtained in step 3 to obtain a multi-component high-temperature titanium alloy ingot.

12. The method for preparing a titanium alloy ingot according to claim 11, characterized in that: The three VAR smelting steps in step 4 are as follows: Step 4.1, primary VAR smelting: Before the primary VAR smelting, vacuum is firstly carried out. When the vacuum degree before melting is ≤10Pa, arc is started to start smelting. The smelting control mode adopts melting speed control. The melting speed is 8kg / min~12kg / min, the melting current is 9kA~15kA, the arc stabilization current is DC 10A~18A, the melting voltage is 25V~32V, and the cooling time after smelting is more than 3h; Step 4.2, secondary VAR smelting: During the secondary VAR smelting, the ingot obtained from the first VAR smelting is turned around for smelting, the vacuum degree before melting is ≤5Pa, the melting control method adopts melting speed control, the melting speed is 12kg / min~20kg / min, the arc stabilization current is AC 10A~20A, the melting voltage is 28V~35V, and the cooling time after melting is greater than 4h; Step 4.3, three VAR smelting: During the third VAR smelting, the secondary ingot obtained from the second VAR smelting is turned around for smelting, the vacuum degree before melting is ≤1.33Pa, and the other smelting parameters are the same as the second VAR smelting parameters.

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