A nano-material coating for resisting fabric surface fuzzing and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of the preparation of nanomaterial coatings, and provides a nanomaterial coating for resisting pilling on the fabric surface and a preparation method thereof. First, through the synergistic effect of cage-shaped polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane and graphene quantum dots, a functionalized polysiloxane core is obtained, which enhances the adhesion by combining with the polar groups on the fabric fiber surface through intermolecular interactions. The hydrophobic groups reduce the friction coefficient between fibers and effectively reduce the electrostatic accumulation, reducing the entanglement phenomenon caused by electrostatic attraction. Secondly, the cations and polar groups such as carboxyl groups in the introduced polyionic liquid can form a dense protective layer on the fiber surface, and combine with the polar groups on the fiber surface through hydrogen bonds or electrostatic interactions, effectively shielding the electrostatic attraction at the fiber ends and reducing the generation of fiber entanglement and pills. In addition, the ionic conductivity of the polyionic liquid endows it with antistatic properties, enabling it to quickly release the static charges accumulated during the friction process, further inhibiting the pilling phenomenon.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of nanomaterial coatings, and relates to a nanomaterial coating for preventing fabric surface from pilling and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the increase in the usage frequency and extension of the service time of fabrics, phenomena such as pilling and fuzzing are likely to occur on the fabric surface, which not only affects the appearance beauty of the fabric, but also reduces its functionality and service life. Especially in the fields of high-end clothing and functional fabrics, the problem of fuzzing is particularly prominent. Therefore, how to effectively inhibit the fuzzing phenomenon on the fabric surface has become an important research topic in the textile field. The fuzzing on the fabric surface is a phenomenon that fibers break or fall off under the action of external forces (such as friction, stretching, etc.) and form pills on the fabric surface. Fuzzing not only affects the appearance quality of the fabric, but also makes its touch feel worse. In addition, for some functional fabrics (such as waterproof, stain-resistant or conductive fabrics, etc.), the fuzzing phenomenon may damage their functional coatings, resulting in a significant decline in performance. For the problem of fuzzing on the fabric surface, the traditional solutions mainly include: mechanical treatment, reducing the length of the fibers on the fabric surface by shearing, singeing, etc., so as to reduce the possibility of fuzzing. Although this method is simple and effective, it will cause certain mechanical damage to the fabric, and the effect is not lasting; enhancing the binding force of the fibers by coating resin, so that the fibers are not easily slipped out of the yarn. Such methods can significantly improve the anti-pilling performance of the fabric, but often reduce the comfort indexes such as softness and air permeability of the fabric. Although the above methods alleviate the problem of fuzzing on the fabric to a certain extent, they also have many limitations and are difficult to meet multiple requirements such as anti-pilling and high comfort at the same time.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of nanotechnology, the application of nanomaterials in the textile field has received more and more attention, which is mainly due to their unique physical, chemical and mechanical properties. Nanomaterials have extremely small particle sizes, ultra-high specific surface areas and unique surface effects, and have advantages in improving fabric properties compared with traditional materials. The high specific surface area of nanomaterials enables them to form stronger binding forces with the fiber surface. After coating nanomaterials on the fabric surface, the adhesion between fibers can be enhanced, thus reducing the phenomenon that fibers slip off due to external forces. It can not only effectively inhibit the fuzzing on the fabric surface, but also extend the service life of the fabric; the good dispersibility and high activity of nanomaterials enable them to be evenly distributed on the fabric surface and form a dense protective layer with the fibers. Therefore, preparing a nanomaterial coating for preventing fabric surface from pilling has good application prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a nano - material coating for resisting fabric surface fuzzing and its preparation method. By combining the synergistic effects of functionalized core - shell nanoparticles, poly - ionic liquid materials and water - borne polyurethane - acrylate emulsion, a functional coating with high - efficiency anti - fuzzing performance is prepared. This coating forms a uniform and dense protective layer on the fiber surface, effectively reducing the friction and static charge accumulation between fibers, reducing fiber entanglement and breakage, thereby improving the anti - fuzzing performance of the fabric and meeting the needs of actual production.

[0005] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a preparation method of a nano - material coating for resisting fabric surface fuzzing, and the preparation method includes:

[0007] S1, adding a cage - type polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane dispersion into a graphene quantum dot dispersion, adding ammonium persulfate, and reacting to obtain a functionalized polysiloxane core;

[0008] S2, dispersing the functionalized polysiloxane core in a tetraethoxysilane dispersion, adjusting the pH to 9 for reaction, then adding dopamine hydrochloride, adjusting the pH to 8 and stirring to obtain polar semi - coated nanoparticles;

[0009] S3, adding 3,3,3 - trifluoropropyltriethoxysilane to the polar semi - coated nanoparticle dispersion and stirring, adding octadecyltrichlorosilane for reaction to obtain core - shell nanoparticles;

[0010] S4, adding acrylic acid to a 1 - vinyl - 3 - butylimidazolium chloride dispersion, adding 2 - vinylimidazole, mercaptopropionic acid and glyoxal to obtain an aqueous phase, then adding an oil phase to the aqueous phase, adding ammonium persulfate, and reacting to obtain a poly - ionic liquid nano - material;

[0011] S5, adding the core - shell nanoparticles to a water - borne polyurethane - acrylate emulsion, then adding the poly - ionic liquid nano - material, dipropylene glycol methyl ether and a photo - initiator to obtain a nano - material coating for resisting fabric surface fuzzing.

[0012] Specifically, the preparation method of the nano - material coating for resisting fabric surface fuzzing includes:

[0013] S1, dispersing cage - type polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane in absolute ethanol to obtain a cage - type polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane dispersion, adding the cage - type polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane dispersion into a graphene quantum dot dispersion, ultrasonically dispersing, adding ammonium persulfate, adjusting the temperature to a first temperature for reaction, and after the reaction is completed, washing and drying to obtain a functionalized polysiloxane core;

[0014] S2. Disperse the functionalized polysiloxane core in a tetraethoxysilane dispersion. After mixing evenly, add ammonia water to adjust the pH to 9, adjust the temperature to the second temperature for reaction, then add dopamine hydrochloride, use ammonia water to adjust the pH to 8, adjust the temperature to the third temperature and stir. After centrifugal washing, polar semi-coated nanoparticles are obtained;

[0015] S3. Add 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltriethoxysilane to the polar semi-coated nanoparticle dispersion, adjust the temperature to the fourth temperature and stir, then add octadecyltrichlorosilane and continue the reaction. After centrifugal washing and vacuum drying, core-shell nanoparticles are obtained;

[0016] S4. Add acrylic acid to a 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride dispersion, add 2-vinylimidazole, mercaptopropionic acid and glyoxal. After mixing evenly, an aqueous phase is obtained. Then add the oil phase to the aqueous phase. After ultrasonic treatment, add ammonium persulfate, adjust the temperature to the first temperature for reaction. After the reaction is completed, wash to obtain polyionic liquid nanomaterials;

[0017] S5. Add the core-shell nanoparticles to an aqueous polyurethane-acrylic emulsion. After stirring evenly, add the polyionic liquid nanomaterials. After mixing evenly, add dipropylene glycol methyl ether and a photoinitiator. After mixing evenly, remove bubbles under vacuum to obtain a nanomaterial coating for preventing fabric surface fuzzing.

[0018] Cage-type polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane is an organic-inorganic hybrid compound with special structures and functions, and its molecular structure consists of a series of highly regular cage-like Si-O-Si skeletons. Cage-type polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane molecules have dual characteristics of both inorganic and organic in chemical structures. Among them, the Si-O-Si skeleton provides high strength, high stability, and excellent heat resistance. The surface of cage-type polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane molecules usually has multiple active silanol groups or other types of organic groups. Through covalent bond interactions, silanol groups can react with molecules or materials with hydroxyl, carboxyl, or amino groups, thus achieving highly stable bonding. The surface-modified organic groups can form stable composite structures with target materials through non-covalent interactions. Due to the relatively high hydrophobicity of the Si-O-Si skeleton structure of cage-type polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, its dispersibility in polar solvents (such as absolute ethanol, water) is usually poor. To improve the dispersibility of cage-type polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane in polar solvents, ultrasonic dispersion is adopted to promote its uniform distribution in the solvent and improve the reaction efficiency and the properties of composite materials. Graphene quantum dots are graphene-derived materials with sizes in the range of several nanometers. The surface of graphene quantum dots usually has abundant oxygen-containing groups (such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, epoxy groups). These groups not only endow it with extremely high polarity and hydrophilicity but also provide various possibilities for its applications in chemical modification and composite materials. Especially in polar solvents (such as water, ethanol), due to the presence of surface oxygen-containing groups, graphene quantum dots can form stable interactions with solvent molecules through electrostatic and hydrogen bond interactions, thus achieving good dispersibility. In the preparation of functionalized polysiloxane cores, the surface active groups (such as hydroxyl and carboxyl) of graphene quantum dots can form a preliminary physical adsorption system with the silanol groups on the surface of cage-type polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane through hydrogen bond or electrostatic interactions. This preliminary binding mechanism lays the foundation for subsequent chemical bonding and cross-linking reactions. In addition, the hydrophobic organic groups on the surface of cage-type polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane can also undergo non-covalent interactions with the aromatic rings on the surface of graphene quantum dots through π-π interactions, thus further stabilizing the composite system of the two. The synergistic effect of this physical-chemical interaction improves the binding strength between cage-type polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane and graphene quantum dots, providing structural stability for the preparation of functionalized composite materials.

[0019] In order to further achieve chemical bond connection between cage-shaped polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane and graphene quantum dots, ammonium persulfate is introduced as a radical initiator in the present invention. Ammonium persulfate can decompose to generate highly active sulfate radicals. Sulfate radicals have a high oxidation ability and can react with various oxygen-containing groups. The generated sulfate radicals can undergo oxidation reactions with the hydroxyl or carboxyl groups on the surface of graphene quantum dots to generate more reactive radical intermediates. These radical intermediates can further undergo chemical reactions with the silanol groups on the surface of cage-shaped polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane to form stable covalent bonds, thereby chemically grafting graphene quantum dots onto the surface of cage-shaped polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane. Through this chemical bonding, the binding strength between graphene quantum dots and cage-shaped polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane is enhanced, forming a functionalized polysiloxane core with high stability. In addition, siloxyl radicals can also be generated from the silanol groups on the surface of cage-shaped polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane under the action of radicals. These radicals have high chemical activity and can further initiate condensation reactions. Two siloxyl radicals can form siloxane-siloxane bonds through condensation, thereby realizing the crosslinking of cage-shaped polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane molecules. The generation of radicals on the surfaces of cage-shaped polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane and graphene quantum dots not only promotes the bonding between the two but also initiates crosslinking reactions, forming a three-dimensional network structure with chemical bond connections. This crosslinked network improves the chemical stability and mechanical strength of the functionalized polysiloxane core.

[0020] The molecular structure of tetraethoxysilane consists of a central silicon atom and four ethoxy groups. In an alkaline environment, the ethoxy groups in the tetraethoxysilane molecule first undergo a hydrolysis reaction under the action of water molecules, generating silanol groups and ethanol. Under alkaline conditions, the hydroxide ions provided by ammonia water can catalyze the hydrolysis reaction, making it easier for the ethoxy groups to be substituted by the hydroxyl groups in water molecules, thereby accelerating the formation of silanol groups. As the silanol groups are formed, condensation reactions occur between adjacent silanol molecules, forming stable silicon-oxygen-silicon bonds. Through hydrolysis and condensation reactions, tetraethoxysilane gradually forms a three-dimensional silicon-oxygen network. This network has a highly cross-linked structure, exhibiting excellent chemical stability and mechanical strength. This silicon-oxygen network is not evenly distributed throughout the solution but preferentially deposits on the surface of the functionalized polysiloxane core. This is because the surface of the functionalized polysiloxane core has a large number of active groups (such as the silanol groups on the surface of cage-like polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane and the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups on the surface of graphene quantum dots). These active groups can undergo chemical bonding with the silanol groups generated by the hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane through condensation reactions, enabling the silicon-oxygen network to be evenly deposited on the surface of the core, forming a dense silicon-oxygen layer. After the sol-gel reaction of tetraethoxysilane is completed, hydrochloric acid dopamine is added and the pH of the solution is adjusted to alkaline with ammonia water. Under these conditions, dopamine molecules undergo oxidative self-polymerization reactions, and then a polydopamine coating is formed on the surface of the nanoparticles. The dopamine molecule structure contains a catechol and a primary amine group. Under alkaline conditions, the catechol structure is first oxidized to a quinone structure. The generated quinone structure has high chemical activity and can react with unoxidized dopamine molecules through two main pathways to form a highly cross-linked polymer network: (1) The quinone structure acts as an electrophile and undergoes nucleophilic addition reactions with the hydroxyl group in catechol or the nitrogen atom in the primary amine, generating cross-linked intermediates; (2) The quinone structure can form radical intermediates, and polymerization reactions occur between the radicals to further construct a cross-linked network. A polydopamine coating with a highly cross-linked structure is generated. During the oxidative self-polymerization of dopamine, a large number of active groups on the surface of the functionalized polysiloxane core (such as the silanol groups in the silicon-oxygen layer, the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups on graphene quantum dots) can chemically combine or physically adsorb with the polydopamine coating, enabling the polydopamine coating to preferentially deposit on the surface of the core. The surface of the polydopamine coating contains a large number of polar groups (such as phenolic hydroxyl groups and amine groups). These groups can interact with polar solvents or polar substrates (such as fibers and fabrics) in the environment, thereby significantly improving the dispersibility and compatibility of the particles; the polydopamine coating has strong adhesion ability, enabling the nanoparticles to firmly adhere to the surface of the substrate, forming a stable interface. At the same time, the phenolic hydroxyl groups and amine groups on the surface of the polydopamine coating provide rich chemically active sites for subsequent functionalization modifications.

[0021] The polydopamine coating on the surface of polar semi-coated nanoparticles is formed through a chemical oxidation self-polymerization reaction and contains a large number of polar functional groups on its surface, such as phenolic hydroxyl groups and amino groups. The introduction of these polar functional groups endows the nanoparticles with excellent polarity and hydrophilicity, enabling the particles to have strong interactions with polar substrates (such as water, ethanol, or polar fibers), and thus showing good dispersibility and stability in a polar environment. This polar property makes polar semi-coated nanoparticles widely applicable in many applications, such as in dispersion systems for polar solvents or the modification of polar substrates. However, too high surface polarity will limit the performance of the particles in some special environments. In an aqueous phase or a high-humidity environment, due to hydrogen bonding or electrostatic interactions between surface polar groups, the nanoparticles may agglomerate, thereby reducing their dispersibility and functionality. To overcome this problem, further surface hydrophobization treatment of the particles becomes a key step. Hydrophobic functional groups are introduced onto the particle surface through chemical modification to significantly reduce its surface free energy and enhance hydrophobicity and oleophobicity.

[0022] The molecule of 3-(Trifluoropropyl)triethoxysilane contains a trifluoromethyl group and three ethoxy groups. The trifluoromethyl group exhibits an extremely low surface energy due to its unique electronegativity and non-polar property, which can significantly improve the hydrophobicity of the particles; the ethoxy groups have relatively high chemical reactivity and can undergo hydrolysis reactions in water or alcohol solutions to generate silanol groups, which can then undergo chemical reactions with the polar functional groups on the particle surface. On the other hand, the molecule of octadecyltrichlorosilane contains a long-chain alkyl group and three chloro groups. The long-chain alkyl group can form a stable hydrophobic layer on the particle surface due to its hydrophobicity, and at the same time, further enhance the stability of the modification layer through intermolecular van der Waals forces; the chloro groups can undergo chemical reactions under the action of water to generate silanol groups, which can then bind to the active groups on the particle surface. In the chemical reaction of the silane coupling agent, the ethoxy or chloro groups react with water to generate silanol groups. The generated silanol groups have relatively high chemical activity and can bind to the polar groups rich on the particle surface through further chemical reactions. The surface of polar semi-coated nanoparticles contains a polydopamine coating and a silicon oxide network, and these two parts provide abundant polar groups. The silanol groups in the silane coupling agent can react with the hydroxyl or amino groups on the particle surface to form stable chemical bonds. The trifluoromethyl group in 3-(Trifluoropropyl)triethoxysilane and the long-chain alkyl group in octadecyltrichlorosilane are bonded to the particle surface through chemical bonds. These hydrophobic groups uniformly cover the particle surface, forming a hydrophobic outer shell. This outer shell can not only significantly reduce the surface free energy of the particles but also effectively prevent the adsorption of water or other polar molecules through the repulsive action of the hydrophobic groups. This chemical modification significantly enhances the hydrophobicity of the particles, enabling them to maintain excellent hydrophobic properties when in contact with water or polar liquids.

[0023] The surface-introduced trifluoromethyl group significantly reduces the hydrophilicity of the particles due to its low surface energy, making the particles exhibit strong hydrophobicity in water and other polar environments. Secondly, the long-chain alkyl groups further enhance the surface hydrophobicity through intermolecular van der Waals forces and, to a certain extent, enhance the mechanical stability of the modification layer. In addition, the hydrophobization treatment also greatly reduces the surface energy of the particles, reducing the adsorption tendency between the particles and between the particles and other substrates, thus effectively preventing the particles from agglomerating due to the interaction of surface polar groups in high-humidity or aqueous environments. The hydrophobized nanoparticles have higher chemical stability because the chemical bonds formed during the hydrophobization process, such as silicon-oxygen-silicon bonds and silicon-nitrogen bonds, have high bond energies and can maintain structural integrity in acidic, basic or other chemical environments. This chemical stability enables the particles to be applied in extreme environments, such as in strongly corrosive solutions or high-temperature and high-humidity environments. In addition, the hydrophobic shell can provide a physical barrier to a certain extent to prevent the internal functional layer of the particles from being eroded by external chemical substances, thereby extending the service life of the particles. The hydrophobized nanoparticles also show good environmental adaptability, which is mainly reflected in the significantly improved dispersibility and functional stability of the particles in high-humidity or aqueous environments. The introduction of the hydrophobic shell reduces the polar interaction between the particles, thus effectively preventing the particles from agglomerating in the aqueous phase. In addition, this hydrophobic shell can also provide additional interfacial protection for the particles, thus avoiding the degradation or inactivation of the polar functional groups on the particle surface.

[0024] In the present invention, a polyionic liquid nanomaterial was prepared through an aqueous phase composed of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride, acrylic acid, 2-vinylimidazole, mercaptopropionic acid, and glyoxal, combined with the introduction of an oil phase and ultrasonic treatment. Through free radical polymerization and crosslinking reactions, a polymer network with multifunctionality was formed. This polymer network forms a dense functional coating on the fabric surface, thereby significantly improving the anti-pilling performance of the fabric. In the prepared aqueous phase, 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride, acrylic acid, 2-vinylimidazole, mercaptopropionic acid, and glyoxal together constitute the reaction system. These chemical components act synergistically in the subsequent free radical polymerization and crosslinking reactions to form a highly crosslinked, stable, and functionalized polymer network. 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride is an ionic liquid monomer. The vinyl group in its molecular structure can participate in free radical polymerization reactions and form the polymer backbone together with other monomers, while the imidazole cation provides high polarity and chemical stability to the final material. This polar property is manifested as the material being able to bind to the polar groups (such as hydroxyl groups, amide groups, etc.) on the fabric fiber surface through electrostatic interactions or hydrogen bonds during the anti-pilling process, which helps to form a dense and stable functional coating on the fiber surface. The coating formed through chemical bonding can reduce the roughness and friction coefficient of the fiber surface, making it difficult for the fibers to be pulled out or broken when subjected to friction. The process of fibers being pulled out from the fabric surface is the initial stage of pilling, so this effect significantly reduces the occurrence of pilling. In addition, the imidazole cation can also enhance the adhesion of the coating to the fiber surface, ensuring that the coating is not easily detached during long-term use, thereby achieving the durability of the anti-pilling performance. The introduction of acrylic acid provides carboxyl functionality to the polymer network. The carboxyl group is a strongly polar group that can bind to the polar groups on the fiber surface through hydrogen bonds. This chemical action further enhances the adhesion of the functional coating to the fiber surface, thereby improving the stability and durability of the coating. In addition, the polar property of the carboxyl group can also reduce the interaction forces between fibers, especially electrostatic attraction and van der Waals forces, thereby reducing the tendency of entanglement between fiber ends. Fiber entanglement is a key step in the formation of pills, so the addition of the carboxyl group is of great significance in the anti-pilling performance.

[0025] 2-Vinylimidazole is a bifunctional monomer that contains both vinyl groups to participate in polymerization reactions and functional imidazole groups. The imidazole group has a certain basicity. Through the interaction with the carboxyl group of acrylic acid, a complex hydrogen bond network can be formed in the coating. This hydrogen bond network provides flexibility and buffering capacity for the functional coating of the material, enabling it to absorb part of the mechanical energy during the friction process, thereby reducing the mechanical damage suffered by the fibers. In addition, the imidazole group can also reduce the electrostatic attraction between the fiber ends by regulating the surface charge distribution. This electrostatic shielding effect significantly reduces the possibility of fiber entanglement, thereby inhibiting the formation of pilling. The addition of mercaptopropionic acid and glyoxal generates thiol ether bonds through chemical reactions. These high-strength chemical bonds introduce chemical cross-linking points in the polymer network. These cross-linking points form a stable three-dimensional polymer network, significantly improving the mechanical strength and wear resistance of the material. During the anti-pilling process, this cross-linked network plays a role through the following two mechanisms: (1) improving the mechanical properties of the coating. The cross-linked network enhances the strength and durability of the coating, making the coating not easily damaged or peeled off during long-term friction, thereby providing continuous protection for the fibers; (2) buffering effect. The elastic properties of the cross-linked network can absorb the mechanical energy generated during the friction process and evenly disperse it on the fiber surface, thereby reducing the destructive effect of local stress concentration on the fibers. This effect effectively prevents the fibers from being broken or loosened. After the aqueous phase preparation is completed, a stable water-oil emulsion system is formed by adding the oil phase to the aqueous phase and performing ultrasonic treatment. The formation of the emulsion enables the functional material to form a more uniform coating on the fiber surface. Stress concentration on the fabric surface is one of the main reasons for fiber breakage. A uniform coating can reduce the stress concentration on the fiber surface, thereby reducing the possibility of fiber breakage; at the same time, the uniformly distributed coating can adhere more firmly to the fabric surface, ensuring that the coating is not easily peeled off during long-term use; by reducing the surface roughness of the fibers, the uniform coating significantly reduces the friction coefficient between the fibers, thereby reducing the generation and entanglement of broken fibers. By adding ammonium persulfate to initiate a free radical polymerization reaction, the vinyl groups of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazole chloride, acrylic acid, and 2-vinylimidazole undergo ring-opening polymerization to form functional polymer chains. At the same time, mercaptopropionic acid and glyoxal further react to form cross-linking points, constructing a stable three-dimensional polymer network. The introduction of the cross-linked network significantly improves the mechanical properties of the coating, enabling it to protect the fibers from being broken or peeled off during the friction process; the carboxyl groups and imidazole groups on the polymer chains increase the polarity of the coating, enabling it to firmly adhere to the fiber surface through hydrogen bonding or electrostatic interactions.

[0026] Waterborne polyurethane-acrylic emulsion is a polymer emulsion system with a biphasic structure, composed of flexible polyurethane segments and rigid acrylic segments. Its biphasic characteristics provide excellent flexibility and mechanical properties to the final coating, thus ensuring good adhesion, durability, and abrasion resistance of the coating on the fabric surface. The polyurethane segment is a high-molecular flexible material, and its molecular chain contains a large number of urethane bonds and flexible ether bonds. These chemical bonds endow the material with good flexibility and elasticity, enabling the final coating to adapt to various bends and deformations on the fabric surface without cracking or peeling. This flexibility is particularly important for anti-pilling coatings because the fabric will be subjected to repeated friction and stretching during use, and the coating must be able to remain intact with the deformation of the fiber surface. The acrylic segment is a rigid polymer, and its molecular structure contains strongly polar carboxyl or ester groups, which can bind to the fabric surface through hydrogen bonds or electrostatic interactions. This strong polar binding significantly improves the adhesion of the coating. At the same time, the rigidity of the acrylic segment enhances the mechanical properties and abrasion resistance of the coating, ensuring that the coating can resist mechanical damage during long-term use. The biphasic characteristics of the waterborne polyurethane-acrylic emulsion enable it to act as a matrix material in the coating, providing a stable dispersion system and a basis for synergistic effects for other functional components by offering a balance of flexibility and rigidity. The core characteristic of the core-shell nanoparticles lies in their bifunctional structure, namely the synergistic effect of polarity and hydrophobicity. The polar inner core of the core-shell nanoparticles is composed of hydrophilic or polar materials. The polar groups can bind to the polar groups (such as hydroxyl or amino groups) on the fabric fiber surface through intermolecular forces (such as hydrogen bonds or electrostatic interactions), enabling the core-shell nanoparticles to firmly adsorb on the fabric surface and form a stable interfacial layer. Through chemical bonding with the surface groups of the fabric, the polar inner core significantly improves the adhesion between the coating and the fiber surface, thus reducing the shedding of the coating under friction or mechanical action; and the polar inner core covers the fabric surface, homogenizing the polar distribution on the fiber surface, thereby reducing the mutual attraction and entanglement between fibers caused by electrostatic accumulation. During use, the fabric is often subjected to mechanical friction. The hydrophobic groups reduce the coefficient of friction, reducing the damage to the fiber surface caused by mechanical friction, and the hydrophobic groups can also significantly reduce the electrostatic accumulation on the fabric surface and the particle surface, thus reducing fiber entanglement and pilling phenomena caused by electrostatic action. The high polarity of the polyionic liquid material stems from polar groups such as imidazole cations and carboxyl groups in its molecular structure. These polar groups can undergo intermolecular interactions with the polar groups (such as hydroxyl, amide groups, etc.) on the fabric fiber surface to form a dense protective layer with strong interactions. The protective layer can not only reduce the roughness of the fiber surface but also significantly reduce the coefficient of friction between the fibers, thus reducing the occurrence of pilling phenomena. The ionic characteristics of the polyionic liquid material enable it to conduct electricity effectively, reducing the accumulation of static electricity on the fabric surface, thereby preventing fiber adsorption and entanglement caused by static electricity.In addition, the polyionic liquid material has a certain flexibility and can play a lubricating role during the friction process, further reducing mechanical damage. The synergistic effect of the core-shell nanoparticles and the polyionic liquid material is reflected in: (1) The polar inner core of the core-shell nanoparticles interacts with the high polarity of the polyionic liquid material, jointly enhancing the interfacial bonding force between the coating and the fabric fiber surface. The stability and wear resistance of the coating are thus further improved; (2) The hydrophobic outer shell of the core-shell nanoparticles reduces the friction coefficient between the fiber and the coating, and the polyionic liquid material further reduces the friction damage through its lubricating effect. This dual effect significantly reduces the mechanical damage on the fiber surface, thereby reducing the occurrence of fuzzing; (3) The hydrophobic outer shell of the core-shell nanoparticles reduces the electrostatic accumulation, and the polyionic liquid material further enhances the antistatic performance through its ionic conductivity. This superimposed effect effectively inhibits the fiber entanglement and fuzzing caused by static electricity.

[0027] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in S1, the mass fraction of the cage-like polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane dispersion is 10-15 wt.%, for example, it can be 10.0 wt.%, 10.5 wt.%, 11.0 wt.%, 11.5 wt.%, 12.0 wt.%, 12.5 wt.%, 13.0 wt.%, 13.5 wt.%, 14.0 wt.%, 14.5 wt.% or 15.0 wt.%, but is not limited to the listed percentages, and other unlisted values within this percentage range are equally applicable.

[0028] In some alternative embodiments, the time of ultrasonic dispersion is 30-40 min, for example, it can be 30 min, 31 min, 32 min, 33 min, 34 min, 35 min, 36 min, 37 min, 38 min, 39 min or 40 min, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this value range are equally applicable.

[0029] In some alternative embodiments, the mass ratio of the cage-like polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane to the graphene quantum dots is 1: (0.05-0.1), for example, it can be 1:0.05, 1:0.055, 1:0.06, 1:0.065, 1:0.07, 1:0.075, 1:0.08, 1:0.085, 1:0.09, 1:0.095 or 1:0.1, but is not limited to the listed ratios, and other unlisted values within this ratio range are equally applicable.

[0030] In some alternative embodiments, the solvent of the graphene quantum dot dispersion is an ethanol aqueous solution, and the volume ratio of absolute ethanol to deionized water is 1:2.

[0031] In some alternative embodiments, the mass of ammonium persulfate is 1-2% of the mass of the cage-shaped polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, for example, it can be 1.0%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5%, 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.8%, 1.9% or 2.0%, but is not limited to the listed percentages, and other unlisted values within this percentage range are equally applicable.

[0032] In some alternative embodiments, the first temperature is 60-70 °C, for example, it can be 60 °C, 61 °C, 62 °C, 63 °C, 64 °C, 65 °C, 66 °C, 67 °C, 68 °C, 69 °C or 70 °C, but is not limited to the listed temperatures, and other unlisted temperatures within this temperature range are equally applicable.

[0033] In some alternative embodiments, the reaction time at the first temperature is 4-6 h, for example, it can be 4.0 h, 4.2 h, 4.4 h, 4.6 h, 4.8 h, 5.0 h, 5.2 h, 5.4 h, 5.6 h, 5.8 h or 6.0 h, but is not limited to the listed times, and other unlisted times within this time range are equally applicable.

[0034] In some alternative embodiments, the drying temperature is 70-80 °C, for example, it can be 70 °C, 71 °C, 72 °C, 73 °C, 74 °C, 75 °C, 76 °C, 77 °C, 78 °C, 79 °C or 80 °C, but is not limited to the listed temperatures, and other unlisted temperatures within this temperature range are equally applicable.

[0035] In some alternative embodiments, the drying time is 10-12 h, for example, it can be 10.0 h, 10.2 h, 10.4 h, 10.6 h, 10.8 h, 11.0 h, 11.2 h, 11.4 h, 11.6 h, 11.8 h or 12.0 h, but is not limited to the listed times, and other unlisted times within this time range are equally applicable.

[0036] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in S2, the mass ratio of the functionalized polysiloxane core to tetraethoxysilane is 1:(0.5-1), for example, it can be 1:0.5, 1:0.55, 1:0.6, 1:0.65, 1:0.7, 1:0.75, 1:0.8, 1:0.85, 1:0.9, 1:0.95 or 1:1, but is not limited to the listed ratios, and other unlisted values within this ratio range are equally applicable.

[0037] In some alternative embodiments, the solvent of the tetraethoxysilane dispersion is an ethanol aqueous solution, and the volume ratio of deionized water to absolute ethanol is 1:1.

[0038] In some alternative embodiments, the second temperature is 40 - 50°C. For example, it can be 40°C, 41°C, 42°C, 43°C, 44°C, 45°C, 46°C, 47°C, 48°C, 49°C, or 50°C. However, it is not limited to the listed temperatures, and other unlisted temperatures within this temperature range are equally applicable.

[0039] In some alternative embodiments, the reaction time at the second temperature is 2 - 3 h. For example, it can be 2.0 h, 2.1 h, 2.2 h, 2.3 h, 2.4 h, 2.5 h, 2.6 h, 2.7 h, 2.8 h, 2.9 h, or 3.0 h. However, it is not limited to the listed times, and other unlisted times within this time range are equally applicable.

[0040] In some alternative embodiments, the mass of dopamine hydrochloride is 10 - 20% of the mass of the functionalized polysiloxane core. For example, it can be 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, or 20%. However, it is not limited to the listed percentages, and other unlisted values within this percentage range are equally applicable.

[0041] In some alternative embodiments, the third temperature is 25 - 30°C. For example, it can be 25°C, 25.5°C, 26°C, 26.5°C, 27°C, 27.5°C, 28°C, 28.5°C, 29°C, 29.5°C, or 30°C. However, it is not limited to the listed temperatures, and other unlisted temperatures within this temperature range are equally applicable.

[0042] In some alternative embodiments, the stirring time at the third temperature is 3 - 4 h. For example, it can be 3.0 h, 3.1 h, 3.2 h, 3.3 h, 3.4 h, 3.5 h, 3.6 h, 3.7 h, 3.8 h, 3.9 h, or 4.0 h. However, it is not limited to the listed times, and other unlisted times within this time range are equally applicable.

[0043] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in S3, the mass fraction of the polar semi-coated nanoparticle dispersion is 1 - 2 wt.%. For example, it can be 1.0 wt.%, 1.1 wt.%, 1.2 wt.%, 1.3 wt.%, 1.4 wt.%, 1.5 wt.%, 1.6 wt.%, 1.7 wt.%, 1.8 wt.%, 1.9 wt.%, or 2.0 wt.%. However, it is not limited to the listed percentages, and other unlisted values within this percentage range are equally applicable.

[0044] In some alternative embodiments, the mass of the 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltriethoxysilane is 3-5% of the mass of the polar semi-coated nanoparticles. For example, it can be 3.0%, 3.2%, 3.4%, 3.6%, 3.8%, 4.0%, 4.2%, 4.4%, 4.6%, 4.8% or 5.0%, but is not limited to the listed percentages. Other unlisted values within this percentage range are equally applicable.

[0045] In some alternative embodiments, the fourth temperature is 50-60 °C. For example, it can be 50 °C, 51 °C, 52 °C, 53 °C, 54 °C, 55 °C, 56 °C, 57 °C, 58 °C, 59 °C or 60 °C, but is not limited to the listed temperatures. Other unlisted temperatures within this temperature range are equally applicable.

[0046] In some alternative embodiments, the stirring time at the fourth temperature is 2-3 h. For example, it can be 2.0 h, 2.1 h, 2.2 h, 2.3 h, 2.4 h, 2.5 h, 2.6 h, 2.7 h, 2.8 h, 2.9 h or 3.0 h, but is not limited to the listed times. Other unlisted times within this time range are equally applicable.

[0047] In some alternative embodiments, the mass of the octadecyltrichlorosilane is 1-2% of the mass of the polar semi-coated nanoparticles. For example, it can be 1.0%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5%, 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.8%, 1.9% or 2.0%, but is not limited to the listed percentages. Other unlisted values within this percentage range are equally applicable.

[0048] In some alternative embodiments, the reaction time for adding the octadecyltrichlorosilane and continuing the reaction is 2-3 h. For example, it can be 2.0 h, 2.1 h, 2.2 h, 2.3 h, 2.4 h, 2.5 h, 2.6 h, 2.7 h, 2.8 h, 2.9 h or 3.0 h, but is not limited to the listed times. Other unlisted times within this time range are equally applicable.

[0049] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in S4, the mass fraction of the 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride dispersion is 10-15 wt.%. For example, it can be 10.0 wt.%, 10.5 wt.%, 11.0 wt.%, 11.5 wt.%, 12.0 wt.%, 12.5 wt.%, 13.0 wt.%, 13.5 wt.%, 14.0 wt.%, 14.5 wt.% or 15.0 wt.%, but is not limited to the listed percentages. Other unlisted values within this percentage range are equally applicable.

[0050] In some alternative embodiments, the mass ratio of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride to acrylic acid is 7:3.

[0051] In some alternative embodiments, the mass of 2-vinylimidazole is 1-2% of the total mass of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride and acrylic acid. For example, it can be 1.0%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5%, 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.8%, 1.9% or 2.0%, but is not limited to the listed percentages. Other unlisted values within this percentage range are equally applicable.

[0052] In some alternative embodiments, the mass of mercaptopropionic acid is 3-4% of the total mass of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride and acrylic acid. For example, it can be 3.0%, 3.1%, 3.2%, 3.3%, 3.4%, 3.5%, 3.6%, 3.7%, 3.8%, 3.9% or 4.0%, but is not limited to the listed percentages. Other unlisted values within this percentage range are equally applicable.

[0053] In some alternative embodiments, the molar ratio of mercaptopropionic acid to glyoxal is 1.5:1.

[0054] In some alternative embodiments, the volume ratio of the aqueous phase to the oil phase is 9:1.

[0055] In some alternative embodiments, the oil phase is a sodium dodecyl sulfate dispersion with a mass fraction of 5-7 wt.%. For example, it can be 5.0 wt.%, 5.2 wt.%, 5.4 wt.%, 5.6 wt.%, 5.8 wt.%, 6.0 wt.%, 6.2 wt.%, 6.4 wt.%, 6.6 wt.%, 6.8 wt.% or 7.0 wt.%, but is not limited to the listed percentages. Other unlisted values within this percentage range are equally applicable.

[0056] In some alternative embodiments, the time of ultrasonic treatment is 10-15 min. For example, it can be 10.0 min, 10.5 min, 11.0 min, 11.5 min, 12.0 min, 12.5 min, 13.0 min, 13.5 min, 14.0 min, 14.5 min or 15.0 min, but is not limited to the listed times. Other unlisted times within this time range are equally applicable.

[0057] In some alternative embodiments, the mass of ammonium persulfate is 0.5-1% of the total mass of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride and acrylic acid. For example, it can be 0.5%, 0.55%, 0.6%, 0.65%, 0.7%, 0.75%, 0.8%, 0.85%, 0.9%, 0.95% or 1.0%. However, it is not limited to the listed percentages, and other unlisted values within this percentage range are equally applicable.

[0058] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in S5, the solid content of the aqueous polyurethane-acrylic emulsion is 30 wt.%, and the volume ratio of the aqueous polyurethane emulsion to the acrylic emulsion is 1:1.

[0059] In some alternative embodiments, the mass of the core-shell nanoparticles is 4-5% of the total mass of the aqueous polyurethane and acrylic acid. For example, it can be 4.0%, 4.1%, 4.2%, 4.3%, 4.4%, 4.5%, 4.6%, 4.7%, 4.8%, 4.9% or 5.0%. However, it is not limited to the listed percentages, and other unlisted values within this percentage range are equally applicable.

[0060] In some alternative embodiments, the mass of the polyionic liquid nanomaterial is 2-3% of the total mass of the aqueous polyurethane and acrylic acid. For example, it can be 2.0%, 2.1%, 2.2%, 2.3%, 2.4%, 2.5%, 2.6%, 2.7%, 2.8%, 2.9% or 3.0%. However, it is not limited to the listed percentages, and other unlisted values within this percentage range are equally applicable.

[0061] In some alternative embodiments, the mass of dipropylene glycol methyl ether is 1-2% of the total mass of the aqueous polyurethane and acrylic acid. For example, it can be 1.0%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5%, 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.8%, 1.9% or 2.0%. However, it is not limited to the listed percentages, and other unlisted values within this percentage range are equally applicable.

[0062] In some alternative embodiments, the photoinitiator is benzophenone, and the mass of benzophenone is 0.5-1% of the total mass of the aqueous polyurethane and acrylic acid. For example, it can be 0.5%, 0.55%, 0.6%, 0.65%, 0.7%, 0.75%, 0.8%, 0.85%, 0.9%, 0.95% or 1.0%. However, it is not limited to the listed percentages, and other unlisted values within this percentage range are equally applicable.

[0063] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an anti-pilling nanomaterial coating on a fabric surface prepared by using the preparation method of the anti-pilling nanomaterial coating on a fabric surface described in the first aspect.

[0064] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) Through the synergistic effect of core-shell nanoparticles, polyionic liquid materials, and aqueous polyurethane-acrylic emulsion, the coating performance is improved. The polar groups of the core-shell nanoparticles are tightly combined with the polar groups on the fiber surface, enhancing the adhesion of the coating. At the same time, the hydrophobic groups reduce the friction coefficient and static electricity accumulation. The polyionic liquid material provides dual protection against static electricity and friction, while the aqueous polyurethane-acrylic emulsion ensures the flexibility and mechanical strength of the coating; (2) The addition of mercaptopropionic acid and glyoxal generates thiol ether bonds through chemical reactions. These high-strength chemical bonds introduce chemical crosslinking points in the polymer network, forming a stable three-dimensional polymer network, enhancing the strength and durability of the coating, making the coating not easily damaged or peeled off during long-term friction. The elastic characteristics of the crosslinked network can absorb the mechanical energy generated during friction and evenly disperse it on the fiber surface, thereby reducing the destructive effect of local stress concentration on the fiber and preventing the fiber from being broken or loosened. Description of the Drawings

[0065] Figure 1 SEM image of the polyionic liquid nanomaterial provided in Example 1 of the present invention (scale bar: 2 μm);

[0066] Figure 2 SEM image of the polyionic liquid nanomaterial provided in Example 1 of the present invention (scale bar: 1 μm). Detailed Embodiments

[0067] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and their accompanying drawings. The embodiments described herein are specific specific embodiments of the present invention and are used to illustrate the concept of the present invention; these descriptions are all explanatory and exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention and the protection scope of the present invention. Except for the embodiments described herein, those skilled in the art can also adopt other obvious technical solutions based on the content disclosed in the claims and the specification of this application. These technical solutions include technical solutions that make any obvious substitutions and modifications to the embodiments described herein.

[0068] The chemical reagents used in the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention are all commercially available products and have not been further purified.

[0069] Example 1

[0070] This example provides a nanomaterial coating for preventing fabric surface fuzzing, and its preparation method specifically includes the following steps:

[0071] S1. Disperse cage-like polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane in absolute ethanol to obtain a cage-like polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane dispersion with a mass fraction of 11 wt.%. Add the cage-like polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane dispersion to the graphene quantum dot dispersion. The mass ratio of cage-like polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane to graphene quantum dots is 1:0.05. After ultrasonic dispersion for 33 min, add ammonium persulfate with a mass of 1.2% of the mass of cage-like polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, adjust the temperature to 66 °C and react for 4.2 h. After the reaction, wash and dry at 77 °C for 10.2 h to obtain functionalized polysiloxane nuclei;

[0072] S2. Disperse the functionalized polysiloxane nuclei in a tetraethoxysilane dispersion. The mass ratio of functionalized polysiloxane nuclei to tetraethoxysilane is 1:0.5. After mixing evenly, add ammonia water to adjust the pH to 9, adjust the temperature to 44 °C and react for 2.4 h. Then add dopamine hydrochloride with a mass of 11% of the mass of functionalized polysiloxane nuclei, use ammonia water to adjust the pH to 8, adjust the temperature to 25 °C and stir for 3.2 h. After centrifugal washing, obtain polar semi-coated nanoparticles;

[0073] S3. Add 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltriethoxysilane with a mass of 3.2% of the mass of polar semi-coated nanoparticles to a polar semi-coated nanoparticle dispersion with a mass fraction of 1.4 wt.%. Adjust the temperature to 55 °C and stir for 2.3 h. Then add octadecyltrichlorosilane with a mass of 1.7% of the mass of polar semi-coated nanoparticles and continue to react for 2.8 h. After centrifugal washing and vacuum drying, obtain core-shell nanoparticles;

[0074] S4. Add acrylic acid to a 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride dispersion with a mass fraction of 11 wt.%. The mass ratio of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride to acrylic acid is 7:3. Add 2-vinylimidazole with a mass of 1.2% of the total mass of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride and acrylic acid, mercaptopropionic acid with a mass of 3.3% of the total mass of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride and acrylic acid, and glyoxal. The molar ratio of mercaptopropionic acid to glyoxal is 1.5:1. After mixing evenly, obtain the aqueous phase. Then add the oil phase to the aqueous phase. The volume ratio of the aqueous phase to the oil phase is 9:1. The oil phase is a sodium dodecylsulfonate dispersion with a mass fraction of 5.2 wt.%. After ultrasonic treatment for 12 min, add ammonium persulfate with a mass of 0.5% of the total mass of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride and acrylic acid, adjust the temperature to 66 °C and react for 4.1 h. After the reaction, wash to obtain polyionic liquid nanomaterials;

[0075] S5. Add the core-shell nanoparticles to the aqueous polyurethane-acrylic emulsion with a solid content of 30 wt.%. The mass of the core-shell nanoparticles is 4.2% of the total mass of the aqueous polyurethane and acrylic acid. After stirring evenly, add the polyionic liquid nanomaterial with a mass of 2.8% of the total mass of the aqueous polyurethane and acrylic acid. After mixing evenly, add dipropylene glycol methyl ether with a mass of 1.5% of the total mass of the aqueous polyurethane and acrylic acid and benzophenone with a mass of 0.5% of the total mass of the aqueous polyurethane and acrylic acid. After mixing evenly, remove the bubbles under vacuum to obtain a nanomaterial coating for resisting fabric surface fuzzing.

[0076] Figure 1 SEM image (2μm) of the polyionic liquid nanomaterial provided in this example; Figure 2 SEM image (1μm) of the polyionic liquid nanomaterial provided in this example. It can be clearly seen that the three-dimensional polymer network structure of the material can improve the mechanical properties of the coating and enhance the strength and durability of the coating.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] This example provides a nanomaterial coating for resisting fabric surface fuzzing, and its preparation method specifically includes the following steps:

[0079] S1. Disperse the cage-like polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane in absolute ethanol to obtain a cage-like polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane dispersion with a mass fraction of 13 wt.%. Add the cage-like polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane dispersion to the graphene quantum dot dispersion. The mass ratio of the cage-like polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane to the graphene quantum dots is 1:0.1. After ultrasonic dispersion for 38 min, add ammonium persulfate with a mass of 1.7% of the mass of the cage-like polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, adjust the temperature to 61 °C and react for 4.9 h. After the reaction, wash and dry at 71 °C for 11.7 h to obtain the functionalized polysiloxane core;

[0080] S2. Disperse the functionalized polysiloxane core in the tetraethoxysilane dispersion. The mass ratio of the functionalized polysiloxane core to the tetraethoxysilane is 1:0.9. After mixing evenly, add ammonia water to adjust the pH to 9, adjust the temperature to 41 °C and react for 2.1 h. Then add hydrochloric acid dopamine with a mass of 17% of the mass of the functionalized polysiloxane core, use ammonia water to adjust the pH to 8, adjust the temperature to 29 °C and stir for 3.6 h. After centrifugation and washing, obtain the polar semi-coated nanoparticles;

[0081] S3. Add 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltriethoxysilane with a mass of 4.8% of the mass of the polar semi-coated nanoparticles to the polar semi-coated nanoparticle dispersion with a mass fraction of 1.3 wt.%. Adjust the temperature to 51 °C and stir for 2.8 h. Then add octadecyltrichlorosilane with a mass of 1.9% of the mass of the polar semi-coated nanoparticles and continue to react for 2.1 h. After centrifugation, washing and vacuum drying, obtain the core-shell nanoparticles;

[0082] S4. Add acrylic acid to a 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride dispersion with a mass fraction of 14 wt.%. The mass ratio of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride to acrylic acid is 7:3. Add 2-vinylimidazole with a mass of 1.8% of the total mass of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride and acrylic acid, mercaptopropionic acid with a mass of 3.9% of the total mass of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride and acrylic acid, and glyoxal. The molar ratio of mercaptopropionic acid to glyoxal is 1.5:1. After mixing evenly, an aqueous phase is obtained. Then add the oil phase to the aqueous phase, and the volume ratio of the aqueous phase to the oil phase is 9:1. The oil phase is a sodium dodecyl sulfate dispersion with a mass fraction of 6.7 wt.%. After ultrasonic treatment for 11 min, add ammonium persulfate with a mass of 0.8% of the total mass of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride and acrylic acid, adjust the temperature to 61 °C and react for 4.7 h. After the reaction is completed, wash to obtain polyionic liquid nanomaterials;

[0083] S5. Add the core-shell nanoparticles to an aqueous polyurethane-acrylic emulsion with a solid content of 30 wt.%. The mass of the core-shell nanoparticles is 4.9% of the total mass of aqueous polyurethane and acrylic acid. After stirring evenly, add polyionic liquid nanomaterials with a mass of 2.1% of the total mass of aqueous polyurethane and acrylic acid. After mixing evenly, add dipropylene glycol methyl ether with a mass of 1.1% of the total mass of aqueous polyurethane and acrylic acid and benzophenone with a mass of 0.7% of the total mass of aqueous polyurethane and acrylic acid. After mixing evenly, remove bubbles under vacuum to obtain a nanomaterial coating for preventing fabric surface fuzzing.

[0084] Example 3

[0085] This example provides a nanomaterial coating for preventing fabric surface fuzzing, and its preparation method specifically includes the following steps:

[0086] S1. Disperse cage-like polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane in absolute ethanol to obtain a cage-like polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane dispersion with a mass fraction of 15 wt.%. Add the cage-like polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane dispersion to the graphene quantum dot dispersion. The mass ratio of cage-like polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane to graphene quantum dots is 1:0.07. After ultrasonic dispersion for 31 min, add ammonium persulfate with a mass of 1.9% of the mass of cage-like polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, adjust the temperature to 69 °C and react for 4.6 h. After the reaction is completed, wash and dry at 73 °C for 11.3 h to obtain a functionalized polysiloxane core;

[0087] S2. Disperse the functionalized polysiloxane core in a tetraethoxysilane dispersion liquid. The mass ratio of the functionalized polysiloxane core to tetraethoxysilane is 1:0.6. After mixing evenly, add ammonia water to adjust the pH to 9, adjust the temperature to 48 °C and react for 2.9 h. Then add dopamine hydrochloride with a mass of 14% of the mass of the functionalized polysiloxane core, use ammonia water to adjust the pH to 8, adjust the temperature to 27 °C and stir for 3.1 h. After centrifugation and washing, polar semi-coated nanoparticles are obtained;

[0088] S3. Add 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltriethoxysilane with a mass of 3.7% of the mass of the polar semi-coated nanoparticles to a 1.9 wt.% polar semi-coated nanoparticle dispersion liquid. Adjust the temperature to 58 °C and stir for 2.1 h. Then add octadecyltrichlorosilane with a mass of 1.2% of the mass of the polar semi-coated nanoparticles and continue to react for 2.7 h. After centrifugation, washing and vacuum drying, core-shell nanoparticles are obtained;

[0089] S4. Add acrylic acid to a 15 wt.% 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride dispersion liquid. The mass ratio of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride to acrylic acid is 7:3. Add 2-vinylimidazole with a mass of 1.4% of the total mass of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride and acrylic acid, mercaptopropionic acid and glyoxal with a mass of 3.1% of the total mass of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride and acrylic acid. The molar ratio of mercaptopropionic acid to glyoxal is 1.5:1. After mixing evenly, an aqueous phase is obtained. Then add the oil phase to the aqueous phase. The volume ratio of the aqueous phase to the oil phase is 9:1. The oil phase is a 6.2 wt.% sodium dodecylsulfonate dispersion liquid. After ultrasonic treatment for 14 min, add ammonium persulfate with a mass of 0.6% of the total mass of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride and acrylic acid, adjust the temperature to 69 °C and react for 4.2 h. After the reaction, wash to obtain polyionic liquid nanomaterials;

[0090] S5. Add the core-shell nanoparticles to an aqueous polyurethane-acrylic emulsion with a solid content of 30 wt.%. The mass of the core-shell nanoparticles is 4.5% of the total mass of aqueous polyurethane and acrylic. After stirring evenly, add polyionic liquid nanomaterials with a mass of 2.5% of the total mass of aqueous polyurethane and acrylic. After mixing evenly, add dipropylene glycol methyl ether with a mass of 1.4% of the total mass of aqueous polyurethane and acrylic and benzophenone with a mass of 0.6% of the total mass of aqueous polyurethane and acrylic. After mixing evenly, vacuum defoaming is carried out to obtain a nanomaterial coating for resisting fabric surface fuzzing.

[0091] Example 4

[0092] This example provides a nanomaterial coating for resisting fabric surface fuzzing, and its preparation method specifically includes the following steps:

[0093] S1. Disperse cage-like polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane in absolute ethanol to obtain a cage-like polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane dispersion with a mass fraction of 12 wt.%. Add the cage-like polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane dispersion to the graphene quantum dot dispersion. The mass ratio of cage-like polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane to graphene quantum dots is 1:0.08. After ultrasonic dispersion for 36 min, add ammonium persulfate with a mass of 1.4% of the mass of cage-like polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, adjust the temperature to 63 °C and react for 4.1 h. After the reaction, wash and dry at 79 °C for 10.5 h to obtain a functionalized polysiloxane core;

[0094] S2. Disperse the functionalized polysiloxane core in a tetraethoxysilane dispersion. The mass ratio of the functionalized polysiloxane core to tetraethoxysilane is 1:1. After mixing evenly, add ammonia water to adjust the pH to 9, adjust the temperature to 46 °C and react for 2.5 h. Then add hydrochloric acid dopamine with a mass of 18% of the mass of the functionalized polysiloxane core, use ammonia water to adjust the pH to 8, adjust the temperature to 26 °C and stir for 3.9 h. After centrifugal washing, obtain polar semi-coated nanoparticles;

[0095] S3. Add 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltriethoxysilane with a mass of 4.4% of the mass of polar semi-coated nanoparticles to a polar semi-coated nanoparticle dispersion with a mass fraction of 1.6 wt.%. Adjust the temperature to 52 °C and stir for 2.6 h. Then add octadecyltrichlorosilane with a mass of 1.4% of the mass of polar semi-coated nanoparticles and continue to react for 2.5 h. After centrifugal washing and vacuum drying, obtain core-shell nanoparticles;

[0096] S4. Add acrylic acid to a 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride dispersion with a mass fraction of 12 wt.%. The mass ratio of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride to acrylic acid is 7:3. Add 2-vinylimidazole with a mass of 1.7% of the total mass of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride and acrylic acid, 3-mercaptopropionic acid and glyoxal with a mass of 3.7% of the total mass of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride and acrylic acid. The molar ratio of 3-mercaptopropionic acid to glyoxal is 1.5:1. After mixing evenly, obtain an aqueous phase. Then add the oil phase to the aqueous phase. The volume ratio of the aqueous phase to the oil phase is 9:1. The oil phase is a sodium dodecylsulfonate dispersion with a mass fraction of 5.5 wt.%. After ultrasonic treatment for 15 min, add ammonium persulfate with a mass of 1% of the total mass of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride and acrylic acid, adjust the temperature to 63 °C and react for 4.9 h. After the reaction, wash to obtain a polyionic liquid nanomaterial;

[0097] S5. Add the core-shell nanoparticles into an aqueous polyurethane-acrylic emulsion with a solid content of 30 wt.%. The mass of the core-shell nanoparticles is 4.8% of the total mass of the aqueous polyurethane and acrylic acid. After stirring evenly, add polyionic liquid nanomaterials with a mass of 2.7% of the total mass of the aqueous polyurethane and acrylic acid. After mixing evenly, add dipropylene glycol methyl ether with a mass of 1.9% of the total mass of the aqueous polyurethane and acrylic acid and benzophenone with a mass of 0.9% of the total mass of the aqueous polyurethane and acrylic acid. After mixing evenly, remove bubbles under vacuum to obtain a nanomaterial coating for resisting fabric surface fuzzing.

[0098] Comparative Example 1

[0099] This comparative example provides a nanomaterial coating for resisting fabric surface fuzzing. The difference between it and Example 1 is that in S2, the mass of dopamine hydrochloride is 1% of the mass of the functionalized polysiloxane core, which is 10% less than that in Example 1. Other process parameters and operating conditions are exactly the same as those in Example 1.

[0100] Comparative Example 2

[0101] This comparative example provides a nanomaterial coating for resisting fabric surface fuzzing. The difference between it and Example 1 is that in S2, the mass of dopamine hydrochloride is 30% of the mass of the functionalized polysiloxane core, which is 19% more than that in Example 1. Other process parameters and operating conditions are exactly the same as those in Example 1.

[0102] Comparative Example 3

[0103] This comparative example provides a nanomaterial coating for resisting fabric surface fuzzing. The difference between it and Example 1 is that in S4, the mass of mercaptopropionic acid is 0.3% of the total mass of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride and acrylic acid, which is 3% less than that in Example 1. Other process parameters and operating conditions are exactly the same as those in Example 1.

[0104] Comparative Example 4

[0105] This comparative example provides a nanomaterial coating for resisting fabric surface fuzzing. The difference between it and Example 1 is that in S4, the mass of mercaptopropionic acid is 6.3% of the total mass of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride and acrylic acid, which is 3% more than that in Example 1. Other process parameters and operating conditions are exactly the same as those in Example 1.

[0106] Fabric treatment method: soak the fabric to be treated in deionized water and neutral detergent for 10 minutes, rinse repeatedly until no residue is left, then dry at 60°C to a moisture content of ≤10%, immerse the dried fabric in a nano-material coating that resists fuzzing on the fabric surface for 3 minutes, control the liquid carrying rate to 80% with a roller pressure (0.1MPa), pre-dry at 50°C for 10 minutes, transfer to 110°C for 20 minutes, and then irradiate with ultraviolet light of wavelength 300-400nm (intensity 200mW / cm 2 ) for 5 min. The test method is GB / T4802.4-2020. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0107] Table 1 Test results of nanomaterial coatings for preventing fuzzing on fabric surfaces in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4

[0108]

[0109] It can be seen from Table 1 that compared with Example 1, the pilling level, fuzzing level and felting level of Comparative Example 1 are all reduced; the pilling level, fuzzing level and felting level of Comparative Example 2 are all reduced. Dopamine hydrochloride forms a dopamine coating through oxidative polymerization under weak alkaline conditions. The hydroxyl and amino groups on its surface give polarity and adsorption capacity. In Comparative Example 1, there is insufficient dopamine hydrochloride, resulting in a weak bonding force between the coating and the fiber surface. In this way, the fabric is more susceptible to friction during use, and the fiber ends gradually protrude from the fabric surface and entangle to form pilling. At the same time, the electrostatic shielding ability of the polar coating is insufficient, and the friction coefficient between the fiber surfaces is high, and the fibers are easily entangled, resulting in felting. In Comparative Example 2, there is too much dopamine hydrochloride. Excessive dopamine hydrochloride will lead to excessive deposition of polydopamine, making the coating harder and uneven, thereby increasing the shear stress on the fibers during friction, causing the fibers to break and form pilling. Excessive dopamine will cause the polydopamine coating to become thicker and lose its flexibility, and the enhanced rigidity of the fabric surface will destroy the relative sliding ability between fibers, thereby increasing friction loss and causing pilling.

[0110] As can be seen from Table 1, compared with Example 1, the pilling grade, fuzzing grade and felting grade of Comparative Example 3 are all reduced; the pilling grade, fuzzing grade and felting grade of Comparative Example 4 are all reduced. Mercaptopropionic acid is an important chemical component to realize the functionality of polyionic liquid nanomaterials. Its mercapto and carboxyl groups introduce polarity and chemical activity through copolymerization reactions with other monomers (such as 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride, acrylic acid and 2-vinylimidazole), thereby endowing the nanomaterials with antistatic ability. In Comparative Example 3, the amount of mercaptopropionic acid is insufficient, resulting in a decrease in the polarity and electrostatic shielding ability of the polyionic liquid, a weakening of the lubricity and binding force between the coating and the fiber, and the fibers are more likely to entangle and form balls during friction. In Comparative Example 4, the amount of mercaptopropionic acid is excessive. The excessive mercaptopropionic acid may cause the surface of the coating to be overly polarized, and at the same time, the rigidity of the coating increases due to excessive crosslinking, and the fibers are more likely to break and form fuzz balls during friction. The excessive polar groups (such as carboxyl groups) will significantly increase the hydrophilicity of the coating and increase the water adsorption on the fiber surface, making the entanglement between fibers more likely to occur, especially accelerating the felting speed under wet friction conditions.

[0111] The above are only the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention fall within the protection scope and the disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of a nano-material coating for resisting fabric surface fuzzing, characterized in that, The preparation method includes: S1. Add the cage-shaped polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane dispersion into the graphene quantum dot dispersion, add ammonium persulfate, and react to obtain a functionalized polysiloxane core; S2. Disperse the functionalized polysiloxane core in the tetraethoxysilane dispersion, adjust the pH to 9 for reaction, then add dopamine hydrochloride, adjust the pH to 8 and stir to obtain polar semi-coated nanoparticles; S3. Add 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltriethoxysilane to the polar semi-coated nanoparticle dispersion and stir, add octadecyltrichlorosilane to react to obtain core-shell nanoparticles; S4. Add acrylic acid to the 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride dispersion, add 2-vinylimidazole, mercaptopropionic acid and glyoxal to obtain an aqueous phase, then add the oil phase to the aqueous phase, add ammonium persulfate, and react to obtain a polyionic liquid nanomaterial; S5. Add the core-shell nanoparticles to the aqueous polyurethane-acrylic emulsion, then add the polyionic liquid nanomaterial, dipropylene glycol methyl ether and a photoinitiator to obtain a nanomaterial coating for preventing fabric surface fuzzing; The mass of the dopamine hydrochloride is 10%-20% of the mass of the functionalized polysiloxane core; The mass of the mercaptopropionic acid is 3%-4% of the total mass of 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride and acrylic acid; The mass of the core-shell nanoparticles is 4%-5% of the total mass of aqueous polyurethane and acrylic acid; The mass of the polyionic liquid nanomaterial is 2%-3% of the total mass of aqueous polyurethane and acrylic acid.

2. The preparation method of a nano-material coating for resisting fabric surface fuzzing according to claim 1, wherein, In S1: The mass fraction of the cage-shaped polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane dispersion is 10-15 wt.%; The mass ratio of the cage-shaped polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane to the graphene quantum dots is 1:(0.05-0.1).

3. The preparation method of a nano-material coating for resisting fabric surface fuzzing according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1: The mass of the ammonium persulfate is 1%-2% of the mass of the cage-shaped polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane.

4. The preparation method of a nano-material coating for resisting fabric surface fuzzing according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S2: The mass ratio of the functionalized polysiloxane core to the tetraethoxysilane is 1:(0.5-1).

5. The preparation method of a nano-material coating for resisting fabric surface fuzzing according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3: The mass fraction of the polar semi-coated nanoparticle dispersion is 1-2 wt.%; The mass of the 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltriethoxysilane is 3%-5% of the mass of the polar semi-coated nanoparticles.

6. The preparation method of a nano-material coating for resisting fabric surface fuzzing according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3: The mass of the octadecyltrichlorosilane is 1%-2% of the mass of the polar semi-coated nanoparticles.

7. The preparation method of a nano-material coating for resisting fabric surface fuzzing according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S4: The mass ratio of the 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride to the acrylic acid is 7:3; The mass of the 2-vinylimidazole is 1%-2% of the total mass of the 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride and the acrylic acid.

8. The preparation method of a nano-material coating for resisting fabric surface fuzzing according to claim 1, characterized in that In S5: The mass of the dipropylene glycol methyl ether is 1%-2% of the total mass of the aqueous polyurethane and the acrylic acid; The photoinitiator is benzophenone, and the mass of the benzophenone is 0.5%-1% of the total mass of the aqueous polyurethane and the acrylic acid.

9. Use the preparation method of the nanomaterial coating for preventing fabric surface fuzzing according to any one of claims 1-8 to obtain the nanomaterial coating for preventing fabric surface fuzzing.

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