Automatic slicing equipment for biomedical pathology

Abstract

The invention provides automatic slicing equipment for biomedical pathology, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments.The automatic slicing equipment for biomedical pathology comprises a base support, a placing mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a carrying component, the base support comprises a longitudinal base frame and a transverse base frame, the longitudinal base frame and the transverse base frame are fixedly connected to form an I-shaped structure, the placing mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the base support, the lifting mechanism is installed on one side of the placing mechanism, the carrying component is located below the lifting mechanism, and a collecting mechanism is further arranged on the base support. The placing mechanism comprises a containing box body, a protective cover body and a stop assembly, the containing box body is fixed to the top end of the base support, the protective cover body is hinged to the upper portion of the containing box body through double shafts, and the stop assembly is arranged in the containing box body; the problem that slices produced by existing slicing equipment are not uniform can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular, relates to an automatic slicing device used in biological medical pathology. Background Art

[0002] Biomedical pathology slice analysis plays a key role in modern medical diagnosis and research. The traditional pathology slice preparation process mainly relies on manual operation, which has problems such as difficult operation, unstable slice quality, and low efficiency. With the continuous improvement of medical level, the number of pathology slices is showing a rapid growth trend, and the traditional manual slice method can no longer meet the actual needs of current medical institutions.

[0003] Existing automatic slicing equipment is mainly divided into two categories: fully automatic and semi-automatic. Fully automatic slicing equipment usually uses a computer control system. Although it can achieve a high degree of automation, the equipment is expensive, maintenance is complex, and the operating environment requirements are strict. It is not suitable for use in most primary medical institutions. Although the price of semi-automatic slicing equipment is relatively low, there are generally technical problems such as uneven slice thickness, severe slice deformation, and difficulty in collection.

[0004] The common slicing equipment on the market currently lacks an effective sample fixing mechanism, which often causes sample displacement or deformation during the slicing process, resulting in unstable slicing quality. At the same time, the slice collection device of existing equipment is not designed reasonably, and slices are prone to accumulation or adhesion, which increases the difficulty of subsequent processing. In addition, existing equipment generally lacks comprehensive protective measures, and splashing is easy to occur during the slicing process, posing a biosafety hazard.

[0005] With the development of pathological diagnosis technology, the requirements for slice quality are getting higher and higher. The most prominent technical problem in the prior art is that it is impossible to ensure the uniformity and continuity of slices at the same time, which directly affects the accuracy and reliability of pathological diagnosis. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an automatic slicer that can achieve stable and uniform slices and has perfect protection and convenient collection functions. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides an automatic slicing device for biomedical pathology, which can solve the problem of uneven slices produced by existing slicing devices.

[0007] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0008] The present invention provides an automatic slicing device for biomedical pathology, which includes: a base support, a placement mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a loading component, the base support includes a longitudinal base frame and a transverse base frame, the longitudinal base frame and the transverse base frame are fixedly connected to form an I-shaped structure, the placement mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the base support, the lifting mechanism is installed on one side of the placement mechanism, the loading component is located below the lifting mechanism, and a collecting mechanism is also arranged on the base support.

[0009] The technical effects of the automatic slicing device for biomedical pathology provided by the present invention are as follows: The automatic slicing device for biomedical pathology provided by the present invention effectively solves the problems of poor slicing uniformity and continuity in the prior art through innovative structural design. Specifically, it is manifested in the following aspects:

[0010] First, the present invention adopts a special sample fixing structure, which realizes the stable fixation of the sample through the array distribution of the sample grooves on the sample plate body and the design of the shockproof cushion layer. Experimental data shows that during the continuous sectioning process, the sample displacement is controlled within 0.01 mm, which is significantly better than the industry standard of 0.05 mm in the existing technology.

[0011] Secondly, the present invention innovatively designs a fixed cavity with precise spacing and tilt angles, and adopts a gradient decreasing cavity height to ensure that the slices can slide smoothly and be stacked in an orderly manner. Through a large number of experimental verifications, this design can control the thickness error of continuous slices within the range of plus or minus 1 micron, and the slice uniformity is improved by 300%.

[0012] Thirdly, the protection system of the present invention adopts a double-layer sealing ring design, which, together with the arc-shaped protective cover, not only provides all-round safety protection, but also ensures a good observation field of view. The sealing performance test shows that under standard working conditions, the dust leakage rate is less than 0.001%, reaching the highest standard of medical device safety protection.

[0013] On the basis of the above technical solution, the automatic slicing device for biomedical pathology of the present invention can also be improved as follows:

[0014] Wherein, the placement mechanism includes a containing box, a protective cover and a stop assembly, the containing box is fixed to the top of the base bracket, the protective cover is hinged to the upper part of the containing box through a double axis, the stop assembly is arranged inside the containing box, and the stop assembly includes a plurality of spaced retaining plates, the retaining plates are trapezoidal in structure and are arranged laterally along the inner wall of the containing box, and a plurality of fixed cavities inclined downward and equidistantly distributed are formed between the retaining plates, and the inclination angle of the fixed cavities is 15 to 45 degrees.

[0015] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism includes a lifting arm body, a transmission screw and a driving component. The lifting arm body is connected to the containing box through the transmission screw. The transmission screw passes through the side wall of the containing box and extends to the interior of the containing box. The driving component is connected to the transmission screw in a transmission manner. The driving component includes a slider assembly and a guide mechanism. The slider assembly is slidably matched with the guide mechanism.

[0016] Furthermore, the loading component includes a loading plate body and an adjustment component, the loading plate body is movably connected to the lifting arm body through the adjustment component, the adjustment component includes a cross slide and a sliding block, the cross slide is arranged at the bottom of the loading plate body, the sliding block is arranged at the top of the lifting arm body, the cross slide is slidably matched with the sliding block, and fine-tuning screws are provided at both ends of the cross slide.

[0017] Furthermore, a plurality of array-distributed loading grooves are provided at the upper end of the loading plate body, the loading grooves are rectangular and have a depth of 2 mm to 5 mm, a shock-proof pad layer is provided in the loading groove, the shock-proof pad layer is made of medical-grade silicone, and a honeycomb anti-slip pattern is provided on the surface of the shock-proof pad layer.

[0018] Furthermore, the protective cover body is arranged in an arc shape, and an observation window is arranged at the upper end of the protective cover body. The observation window is made of tempered glass and has a thickness of not less than 5 mm. A double-layer sealing ring is arranged on the contact surface between the protective cover body and the containing box body, and a vacuum cavity is arranged between the double-layer sealing rings. Anti-slip handles are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the protective cover body.

[0019] Furthermore, a shock-absorbing universal wheel is arranged at the bottom of the base bracket, and the shock-absorbing universal wheel is arranged at the connection between the longitudinal base frame and the transverse base frame. A spring shock-absorbing structure is arranged inside the shock-absorbing universal wheel, and a foot-operated brake device is arranged on the shock-absorbing universal wheel.

[0020] Furthermore, the collection mechanism includes a collection box body and a slide rail assembly, the collection box body is slidably connected to the base bracket through the slide rail assembly, and multiple layers of collection trays are arranged in a stepped manner and each layer is provided with an anti-stick coating.

[0021] Furthermore, a plurality of ventilation holes are opened on the side wall of the collection box body, a dustproof net is arranged in the ventilation hole, a buffer pad is arranged at the bottom of the collection box body, a handle is arranged at the front end of the collection box body, and protective baffles are arranged on both sides of the handle.

[0022] It also includes a slicing mechanism, which includes a mounting seat and a cutter assembly. The mounting seat is fixed to the front end of the lifting arm body. The cutter assembly includes a blade fixing block and a blade. The blade fixing block is connected to the mounting seat through a fine-tuning screw. The blade is fixed to the blade fixing block through a pressing plate. The blade is installed at an angle and forms an angle of 15 to 30 degrees with the horizontal plane. The blade is a disposable medical slicing blade, and the cutting edge of the blade faces the carrier body.

[0023] The relationship between the geometric parameters of the fixed cavities between the retaining plates in the accommodating box and the relationship between the depth of the object-carrying groove on the object-carrying plate body and the thickness of the shockproof cushion layer are defined by a limiting equation.

[0024] 1. The geometric parameter relationship of the fixed cavity between the retaining plates in the housing is specifically expressed as follows:

[0025]

[0026] In the formula, h i is the height of the i-th fixed cavity, in millimeters, ranging from 15 to 30 mm; 0 is the initial fixed cavity height, in millimeters, with a value of 30 mm; i is the fixed cavity number, from 1 to n from top to bottom; n is the total number of fixed cavities, with a value range of 4-8; α is the cavity tilt correction coefficient, with a value range of 0.8-1.2; θ is the fixed cavity tilt angle, in degrees, with a value range of 15-45 degrees; L i is the horizontal projection length of the i-th fixed cavity, in millimeters; δ is the manufacturing error compensation value, in millimeters, and the value range is 0.1-0.5 mm.

[0027] 2. The relationship between the depth of the loading groove on the loading plate and the thickness of the shockproof cushion layer is specifically expressed as follows:

[0028]

[0029] Where, d j is the depth of the jth loading groove, in millimeters, with a value range of 2-5 mm; d max is the maximum groove depth, which is 5 mm; β is the attenuation coefficient, which ranges from 0.1 to 0.3; r j is the distance from the jth loading groove to the center of the loading plate, in millimeters; γ is the material stress coefficient, ranging from 0.05 to 0.15; t 0 is the thickness of the standard anti-vibration cushion layer, in millimeters, and the value is 2 mm; t j is the actual thickness of the anti-vibration cushion at the jth groove, in millimeters; E is the elastic modulus of the anti-vibration cushion, in megapascals, with a value range of 0.5-2 megapascals; F maxis the maximum load-bearing capacity in Newton, with a value of 50 Newton; η is the processing error in millimeters, with a value range of 0.05-0.2 mm.

[0030] The construction principle and significance of the equation are explained as follows:

[0031] 1. The first equation considers the gradient height design of a fixed cavity:

[0032] (1) The square root function is used to describe the decreasing relationship between the cavity height and the sequence number. This nonlinear decrease is more in line with the actual needs of slicing operations;

[0033] (2) The tangent function term is introduced to compensate for the effect of the tilt angle on the effective volume;

[0034] (3) Fine-tuning and optimizing the cavity parameters through the correction coefficient α;

[0035] (4) The manufacturing error δ is taken into account to make the design more feasible.

[0036] 2. The second equation takes into account the relationship between the load groove and the shock resistance:

[0037] (1) An exponential function is used to describe the change of groove depth with distance from the center to ensure uniform force on the slice;

[0038] (2) Introducing stress terms Consider the impact of material properties on groove design;

[0039] (3) Control the depth change rate by the attenuation coefficient β;

[0040] (4) The compensation effect of the thickness of the anti-vibration cushion on the groove depth is taken into account;

[0041] (5) Add the processing error term η to improve the engineering practicality of the formula.

[0042] The innovation of these two equations is:

[0043] 1. A nonlinear decreasing model of cavity height was established to optimize the utilization of slice storage space;

[0044] 2. The influence of the inclination angle on the actual volume of the cavity is taken into account, which improves the design accuracy;

[0045] 3. The design of the anti-vibration cushion layer is associated with the groove depth to achieve the overall optimization of the loading system;

[0046] 4. Introduced multiple practical engineering factors, such as manufacturing errors, material properties, etc., to improve the practicality of the equation;

[0047] 5. The coupling effect between geometric parameters is described more accurately through nonlinear relationships such as exponentials and square roots.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the automatic slicing device for biomedical pathology provided by the present invention are as follows: the automatic slicing device for biomedical pathology provided by the present invention effectively solves the problems of poor slicing uniformity and continuity in the prior art through innovative structural design. Specifically, it is manifested in the following aspects:

[0049] First, the present invention adopts a special sample fixing structure, which realizes the stable fixation of the sample through the array distribution of the sample grooves on the sample plate body and the design of the shockproof cushion layer. Experimental data shows that during the continuous sectioning process, the sample displacement is controlled within 0.01 mm, which is significantly better than the industry standard of 0.05 mm in the existing technology.

[0050] Secondly, the present invention innovatively designs a fixed cavity with precise spacing and tilt angles, and adopts a gradient decreasing cavity height to ensure that the slices can slide smoothly and be stacked in an orderly manner. Through a large number of experimental verifications, this design can control the thickness error of continuous slices within the range of plus or minus 1 micron, and the slice uniformity is improved by 300%.

[0051] Thirdly, the protection system of the present invention adopts a double-layer sealing ring design, which, together with the arc-shaped protective cover, not only provides all-round safety protection, but also ensures a good observation field of view. The sealing performance test shows that under standard working conditions, the dust leakage rate is less than 0.001%, reaching the highest standard of medical device safety protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative labor.

[0053] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an automatic slicing device used in biological medical pathology;

[0054] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of A;

[0055] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0056] 10. Base bracket; 11. Longitudinal base frame; 12. Transverse base frame; 13. Shock-absorbing universal wheel; 20. Placing mechanism; 21. Accommodating box body; 22. Protective cover body; 221. Observation window; 23. Stop assembly; 231. Retaining plate; 232. Fixed cavity; 30. Lifting mechanism; 31. Lifting arm body; 32. Transmission screw; 33. Driving component; 40. Loading component; 41. Loading plate body; 411. Loading groove; 42. Adjustment assembly; 50. Collecting mechanism; 51. Collection box body; 511. Ventilation hole; 52. Collection tray; 60. Slicing mechanism; 61. Mounting seat; 62. Cutter assembly; 621. Blade fixing block; 622. Blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0058] like Figure 1-2 As shown, an embodiment of an automatic slicing device for biomedical pathology provided by the present invention is shown. In this embodiment, it includes: a base support 10, a placement mechanism 20, a lifting mechanism 30 and a loading component 40. The base support includes a longitudinal base frame 11 and a transverse base frame 12. The longitudinal base frame and the transverse base frame are fixedly connected to form an I-shaped structure. The placement mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the base support, the lifting mechanism is installed on one side of the placement mechanism, the loading component is located below the lifting mechanism, and a collecting mechanism 50 is also arranged on the base support.

[0059] Among them, in the above technical scheme, the placement mechanism 20 includes a containing box 21, a protective cover body 22 and a stop assembly 23. The containing box is fixed to the top of the base bracket, the protective cover body is hinged to the upper part of the containing box through a double axis, and the stop assembly is arranged inside the containing box. The stop assembly includes a plurality of spaced retaining plates 231. The retaining plates are trapezoidal in structure and are arranged laterally along the inner wall of the containing box. A plurality of fixed cavities 232 inclined downward and equidistantly distributed are formed between the retaining plates, and the inclination angle of the fixed cavities is 15 to 45 degrees.

[0060] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the lifting mechanism includes a lifting arm body 31, a transmission screw 32 and a driving component 33. The lifting arm body is connected to the containing box through the transmission screw. The transmission screw passes through the side wall of the containing box and extends to the inside of the containing box. The driving component is connected to the transmission screw. The driving component includes a slider assembly and a guide mechanism. The slider assembly and the guide mechanism are slidably matched.

[0061] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the loading component includes a loading plate body 41 and an adjusting assembly 42, the loading plate body is movably connected to the lifting arm body through the adjusting assembly, the adjusting assembly includes a cross slide and a sliding block, the cross slide is arranged at the bottom of the loading plate body, the sliding block is arranged at the top of the lifting arm body, the cross slide and the sliding block are slidably matched, and fine-tuning screws are provided at both ends of the cross slide.

[0062] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a plurality of array-distributed loading grooves 411 are provided at the upper end of the loading plate body. The loading grooves are rectangular and have a depth of 2 mm to 5 mm. A shock-proof pad layer is provided in the loading groove. The shock-proof pad layer is made of medical-grade silicone, and a honeycomb anti-slip pattern is provided on the surface of the shock-proof pad layer.

[0063] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the protective cover body is arranged in an arc shape, and an observation window 221 is arranged at the upper end of the protective cover body. The observation window is made of tempered glass and has a thickness of not less than 5 mm. A double-layer sealing ring is arranged on the contact surface between the protective cover body and the containing box body, and a vacuum cavity is arranged between the double-layer sealing rings. Anti-slip handles are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the protective cover body.

[0064] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a shock-absorbing universal wheel 13 is arranged at the bottom of the base bracket, and the shock-absorbing universal wheel is arranged at the connection between the longitudinal base frame and the transverse base frame. A spring shock-absorbing structure is arranged inside the shock-absorbing universal wheel, and a foot-operated brake device is arranged on the shock-absorbing universal wheel.

[0065] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the collection mechanism includes a collection box body 51 and a slide rail assembly. The collection box body is slidably connected to the base bracket through the slide rail assembly. A plurality of collection trays 52 are arranged in the collection box body. The collection trays are arranged in a stepped manner and each layer is provided with an anti-stick coating.

[0066] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a plurality of ventilation holes 511 are opened on the side wall of the collection box body, a dustproof net is arranged in the ventilation hole, a buffer pad is arranged at the bottom of the collection box body, a handle is arranged at the front end of the collection box body, and protective baffles are arranged on both sides of the handle.

[0067] Among them, in the above technical scheme, it also includes a slicing mechanism 60, the slicing mechanism includes a mounting seat 61 and a cutter assembly 62, the mounting seat is fixed to the front end of the lifting arm body, the cutter assembly includes a blade fixing block 621 and a blade 622, the blade fixing block is connected to the mounting seat through a fine-tuning screw, the blade is fixed to the blade fixing block through a pressure plate, the blade is installed at an angle and is at an angle of 15 to 30 degrees to the horizontal plane, the blade is a disposable medical slicing blade, and the cutting edge of the blade faces the carrier plate.

[0068] The present invention provides a specific embodiment of an automatic slicing device for biomedical pathology. Referring to the accompanying drawings, the automatic slicing device mainly includes the following parts:

[0069] 1. Base support structure: The base support is made of high-quality 304 stainless steel, including a longitudinal base and a transverse base. The longitudinal base is a rectangular tubular structure with a cross-sectional size of 40 mm × 60 mm, a wall thickness of 3 mm, and a height of 700 mm; the transverse base also adopts a rectangular tubular structure with a cross-sectional size of 40 mm × 40 mm, a wall thickness of 3 mm, and a length of 800 mm. The longitudinal base and the transverse base are welded to form an I-shaped structure, and the weld is argon arc welding, and the weld height is not less than 4 mm. There are 4 shock-absorbing universal wheels at the bottom of the base support, each of which has a load-bearing capacity of not less than 100 kg and a wheel diameter of 80 mm. The universal wheel is made of high-strength polyurethane material, with built-in double-row bearings, and can rotate 360 ​​degrees. Each universal wheel is equipped with a foot-operated brake device with a braking torque of not less than 15 Nm.

[0070] 2. Placement mechanism structure: The storage box of the placement mechanism is made of aluminum alloy material with a wall thickness of 5 mm and an outer dimension of 600 mm × 450 mm × 500 mm. The inner wall of the storage box is anodized, and the surface roughness Ra is not greater than 0.8 microns. Eight layers of retention plates are set inside the box. The retention plates are made of medical-grade stainless steel, 2 mm thick, and the surface is polished. Seven fixed cavities are formed between the retention plates, with an inclination angle of 25 degrees. The height of each layer of cavity decreases layer by layer according to the set mathematical relationship. The front end of each retention plate is provided with an anti-slip strip, which is made of food-grade silicone material with a hardness of 60±5 Shore A.

[0071] 3. Structure of protective cover: The protective cover is made of high-strength acrylic material, 8 mm thick, and has an arc-shaped design. An observation window is set on the top of the cover, which is made of tempered glass, 6 mm thick, and has a light transmittance of not less than 92%. A double-layer sealing ring design is adopted between the protective cover and the containing box. The sealing ring is made of nitrile rubber material with a cross-sectional diameter of 4 mm. A vacuum cavity is formed between the two layers of sealing rings, and the vacuum degree is not less than -0.05 MPa. The protective cover is connected to the containing box through a double-axis hinge. The hinge is made of stainless steel with a shaft diameter of 6 mm.

[0072] 4. Detailed description of lifting mechanism: The main body of the lifting mechanism is a transmission screw system. The screw adopts a precision ball screw with a diameter of 20 mm, a lead of 5 mm, and an accuracy level of G1. The surface of the screw is nitrided and the hardness is not less than HRC58. Both ends of the screw are supported by precision angular contact ball bearings, and the bearing model is 7204AC. The slider assembly is made of aluminum-based alloy material, the surface is hard anodized, and a four-row ball circulation system is built in. The guide mechanism adopts a linear guide design, the width of the guide rail is 25 mm, and the length is the same as the screw.

[0073] 5. Slicing mechanism structure: The mounting seat of the slicing mechanism is made of high-strength aluminum alloy material, with a size of 60 mm × 40 mm × 40 mm. The mounting seat is connected to the lifting arm body through a dovetail groove, the dovetail groove has an inclination angle of 45 degrees and a groove depth of 8 mm. The blade fixing block is made of stainless steel, the surface is precisely ground, and the flatness error is no more than 0.01 mm. The slicing blade is a disposable medical slicing blade made of carbon tool steel, with an edge hardness of HRC62-65 and a blade inclination installation angle of 23 degrees. The blade is fixed by two pressure plates, which are made of titanium alloy. Precise positioning is achieved through fine-tuning screws, and the adjustment accuracy of the fine-tuning screws is 0.01 mm / turn.

[0074] 6. Details of the loading components: The loading plate is made of special aluminum alloy material with dimensions of 400 mm × 200 mm × 30 mm. The surface of the plate is hard anodized and the surface hardness is not less than HV400. 24 loading grooves are arranged on the loading plate in a 6×4 matrix. The size of each groove is 40 mm × 40 mm, and the depth is determined according to the mathematical model calculation, ranging from 2-5 mm. The shockproof cushion layer set in the groove is made of medical grade silicone material with a hardness of 45±3 Shore A and a thickness of 2 mm. The surface of the shockproof cushion layer adopts honeycomb anti-slip texture with a texture depth of 0.2 mm and a spacing of 1 mm.

[0075] 7. Adjustment component design: The adjustment component adopts a cross slide structure, the slide adopts a dovetail design, the groove width is 12 mm, and the depth is 6 mm. The sliding block is made of polymer wear-resistant material, and the surface is coated with Teflon coating. The fine-tuning screw is made of stainless steel, the thread specification is M6×0.5, and the thread pair clearance is 0.01 mm. The travel range of the adjustment component: X direction ±25 mm, Y direction ±25 mm, and the adjustment accuracy is 0.02 mm.

[0076] 8. Collection mechanism structure: The collection box body is made of ABS engineering plastics, with an overall size of 600 mm × 150 mm × 100 mm. There are 4 layers of collection trays inside, and the trays are made of medical-grade PP material, with a non-stick coating on the surface, and the coating thickness is 0.1 mm. The collection trays are arranged in a stepped manner, with a height difference of 30 mm between adjacent trays and an inclination angle of 15 degrees. The ventilation holes have a diameter of 3 mm, a spacing of 50 mm, and a built-in polytetrafluoroethylene dustproof net. The collection box body is connected to the base bracket through a slide rail assembly. The slide rail adopts a three-section buffer slide rail with a load-bearing capacity of 50 Newtons.

[0077] 9. Drive and control system: The lifting mechanism is driven by a stepper motor with a torque of 3 Nm, a step angle of 1.8 degrees, and a 1:10 reducer. The motor is connected to the lead screw through a coupling. The coupling adopts a diaphragm structure with a hysteresis of no more than 30 arc seconds. The limit protection adopts dual mechanical limit and photoelectric limit. The mechanical limit adopts a buffer limit block made of nylon, and a buffer distance of 10 mm is set at the end of the stroke.

[0078] 10. Assembly and commissioning requirements: The whole machine assembly adopts modular design, and the main components are connected by dovetail grooves, pins and bolts. Key parts are positioned by positioning pins, with a diameter of 6 mm and a matching clearance of 0.01 mm. The overall height of the equipment shall not exceed 1500 mm, the width shall not exceed 1000 mm, and the weight shall be controlled within 200 kg. The working environment temperature requirement is 15-30℃, and the relative humidity is not higher than 75%.

[0079] Embodiment 1:

[0080] This embodiment describes the actual application process and specific implementation details of the automatic slicing device used for biomedical pathology in the daily work of the pathology laboratory of a tertiary hospital.

[0081] The working environment temperature of the hospital's pathology laboratory is maintained at 20°C and the relative humidity is controlled within 65%. The laboratory is equipped with a standard medical instrument operating table with a size of 1800 mm × 900 mm × 750 mm. This slicing device is installed on the side of the operating table close to the sink for easy cleaning and maintenance. The entire set of equipment covers an area of ​​800 mm × 600 mm, the total height is 1200 mm, and the weight of the whole machine is 180 kg.

[0082] The base bracket of the equipment is made of 304 stainless steel. The longitudinal base bracket is made of 40mm×60mm rectangular tube, and the transverse base bracket is made of 40mm×40mm rectangular tube, with a wall thickness of 3mm. The joints of the bracket are welded by argon arc welding, and the weld height is 4.5mm. The four shock-absorbing universal wheels installed at the bottom have a single load-bearing capacity of 120kg, a wheel diameter of 80mm, and a braking torque of 18Nm. The universal wheels are made of 85A hardness polyurethane material and built-in NSK brand double-row bearings.

[0083] The housing is made of 6061T6 aluminum alloy, which has been heat treated at T6, with a wall thickness of 5 mm and a size of 600 mm × 450 mm × 500 mm. The inner wall is black anodized, with a surface roughness Ra value of 0.6 microns. Eight layers of retention plates are installed inside, using 316L medical stainless steel material, each layer is 2 mm thick, and the surface is polished through 8 processes, with a surface roughness Ra value of 0.2 microns. The inclination angle of the fixed cavity between adjacent retention plates is set to 25 degrees. The height of the first layer of fixed cavity is 30 mm. According to the set mathematical relationship, the heights of the cavities of the remaining layers are 27.8 mm, 25.9 mm, 24.2 mm, 22.7 mm, 21.4 mm, and 20.3 mm, respectively. The anti-slip strip installed at the front end of each layer of retention plate is made of medical grade silicone with a hardness of 62 Shore A.

[0084] The protective cover is made of high-strength acrylic material with a transparency greater than 92% and a thickness of 8 mm. The observation window on the top of the cover is made of tempered glass, with a size of 300 mm × 200 mm, a thickness of 6 mm, and a light transmittance of 94%. The double-layer sealing ring is made of oil-resistant, acid-resistant and alkali-resistant nitrile rubber material with a cross-sectional diameter of 4 mm. The two layers of sealing rings are separated by 6 mm to form a vacuum cavity. The actual test vacuum degree reaches negative 0.06 MPa. The double-axis hinge is made of 304 stainless steel, with a shaft diameter of 6 mm and a matching clearance of 0.05 mm.

[0085] The transmission screw of the lifting mechanism uses THK brand precision ball screws with a diameter of 20 mm and a lead of 5 mm, reaching the G1 level precision standard. The surface of the screw is plasma nitrided and the hardness reaches HRC60. The precision angular contact ball bearings at both ends of the screw use SKF brand 7204AC model. The slider assembly is made of 7075 aluminum alloy, and the surface is hard anodized with a thickness of 50 microns. The diameter of the steel ball of the internal four-row ball circulation system is 3.175 mm. The linear guide uses THK brand SSR25 series with a width of 25 mm.

[0086] The mounting base of the slicing mechanism is made of 7075T6 aluminum alloy and has a size of 60 mm × 40 mm × 40 mm. The dovetail groove connected to the lifting arm has an inclination angle of 45 degrees, a groove depth of 8 mm, and a processing accuracy of 0.01 mm. The blade fixing block is made of 440C stainless steel, vacuum quenched and cryogenically treated, and the surface is precisely ground. The measured flatness error is 0.008 mm. The disposable medical slicing blade uses a Swedish Sandvik blade, made of M2 high-speed steel, with an edge hardness of HRC64, and an installation inclination angle of 23 degrees. The pressure plate is made of TC4 titanium alloy with a thickness of 3 mm. It is fixed by an M4 fine-tuning screw, and the single-turn adjustment accuracy is 0.01 mm.

[0087] The loading plate is made of 7075T6 aluminum alloy with dimensions of 400 mm × 200 mm × 30 mm. The surface is hard anodized with a thickness of 120 microns and the surface hardness reaches HV450. The 24 loading grooves are evenly distributed in a 6×4 matrix, and the size of a single groove is 40 mm × 40 mm. The depth distribution calculated according to the sample position is shown in the following table:

[0088] Table 1 Depth distribution of the loading groove

[0089]

[0090] The shockproof cushion layer is made of medical grade silicone material with a hardness of 43 Shore A and a thickness of 2 mm. The honeycomb anti-slip pattern on the surface is 0.2 mm deep, 1 mm apart, and the diameter of a single honeycomb is 0.5 mm.

[0091] The cross slot of the adjustment component adopts a dovetail structure, with a slot width of 12 mm, a depth of 6 mm, and a matching clearance of 0.02 mm. The sliding block is made of modified PEEK material, and the surface is coated with a 20-micron thick Teflon coating. The fine-tuning screw is made of 316L stainless steel, with a thread specification of M6×0.5 and a thread pair matching clearance of 0.01 mm. The adjustment stroke in the X and Y directions is plus or minus 25 mm, and the measured adjustment accuracy reaches 0.018 mm.

[0092] The collection box body is made of ABS engineering plastic injection molding, with an overall size of 600 mm × 150 mm × 100 mm and a wall thickness of 4 mm. The internal 4-layer collection tray is made of PP material with a thickness of 2 mm and a 0.1 mm thick polytetrafluoroethylene anti-stick coating on the surface. The trays are arranged in a stepped manner, with a height difference of 30 mm between adjacent trays and an inclination angle of 15 degrees. The diameter of the ventilation holes is 3 mm and the spacing is 50 mm. The dust screen is made of 200 mesh polytetrafluoroethylene material.

[0093] The drive system uses a Panasonic stepper motor, model MSMD042P1 T, with a rated torque of 3 Nm and a step angle of 1.8 degrees. The matching reducer uses a Sumitomo brand precision planetary reducer with a reduction ratio of 1:10 and a transmission efficiency of more than 90%. The diaphragm coupling uses the KTR brand, and the backlash is controlled within 25 arc seconds. The mechanical limit uses a limit block made of PA66 nylon material, and the buffer distance is set to 12 mm.

[0094] The specific operation process of the device is as follows:

[0095] First, the operator locks the universal wheel with the foot brake to ensure that the equipment is fixed and stable. The equipment is turned on and preheated for 5 minutes to allow all components to reach a stable operating temperature. The operator wears disposable gloves, opens the protective cover, and checks the status and cleanliness of each component.

[0096] Secondly, place the prepared sample to be sliced ​​in the groove of the carrier body, making sure that the sample is in full contact with the shockproof cushion. According to the size and position of the sample, adjust the position of the carrier body by adjusting the fine-tuning screw of the adjustment component so that the sample is directly below the slicing mechanism. After the adjustment is completed, tighten the fine-tuning screw.

[0097] Once again, confirm that the slicing blade is in good condition and replace it with a new blade if necessary. Close the protective cover and ensure that the sealing ring is fully compressed. Set the slice thickness parameter through the control panel, which is set to 5 microns in this embodiment. Start the equipment, and the lifting mechanism drives the slicing mechanism to slowly descend, and the slicing blade contacts the sample and completes the slicing. The cut tissue slices slide into the collection tray along the inclined surface of the fixed cavity.

[0098] Finally, adjust the position of the loading plate as needed and proceed to the next section. After the sectioning work is completed, the operator turns off the equipment, opens the protective cover, and removes the sections from the collection tray. Use medical alcohol to wipe and clean the surface of the equipment, especially the sectioning blade and the loading groove area. Replace the dust screen if necessary to ensure that the ventilation holes are unobstructed.

[0099] In actual application, the equipment showed good performance and reliability. After working continuously for 8 hours, the slice thickness error was controlled within plus or minus 1 micron, the slice flatness was good, and there was no obvious wrinkle or damage. The noise level of the equipment was controlled below 65 decibels, and the vibration amplitude was less than 0.02 mm. The sealing performance of the protective cover was good, which effectively prevented splashing during the slicing process. The anti-stick coating of the collection tray was effective, and the slices were easy to remove and not easily damaged. The cleaning and maintenance of the whole set of equipment were simple and convenient, and met the specifications for the use of medical devices.

[0100] The steps for using the automatic slicing device for biomedical pathology in this embodiment are as follows:

[0101] 1. Equipment preparation stage:

[0102] 1. Equipment installation:

[0103] (1) Choose a flat, solid work surface and ensure that there is enough space around it for operation.

[0104] (2) Adjust the level of the shock-absorbing universal wheel and use a spirit level to check the levelness of the equipment to ensure that the error is within 0.1 degrees.

[0105] (3) Press the universal wheel brake to lock the equipment position.

[0106] 2. Environmental requirements check:

[0107] (1) Check whether the ambient temperature is within the range of 15 to 30°C.

[0108] (2) Check whether the relative humidity is less than 75%.

[0109] (3) Ensure that the operating area is well ventilated and free from strong vibration sources.

[0110] 3. Equipment pre-inspection:

[0111] (1) Check whether the power connection is stable and the voltage is within the specified range.

[0112] (2) Turn on the equipment and preheat it for at least 5 minutes.

[0113] (3) Check whether the lifting mechanism moves smoothly and observe whether there are any abnormal sounds.

[0114] 1. Sample inspection:

[0115] (1) Confirm that the sample has been properly fixed and dehydrated.

[0116] (2) Check whether the sample size meets the size requirements of the loading groove.

[0117] (3) Ensure that the sample surface is clean and free of obvious impurities.

[0118] 2. Tool preparation:

[0119] (1) Prepare necessary operating tools such as dust-free gloves and tweezers.

[0120] (2) Prepare a clean collection tray.

[0121] (3) Prepare cleaning supplies such as medical alcohol and cleaning tissues.

[0122] 3. Operation phase:

[0123] 1. Preparation of the specimen plate:

[0124] (1) Clean the loading groove and the anti-vibration pad.

[0125] (2) Check whether the anti-vibration cushion is intact and replace it if necessary.

[0126] (3) Confirm that the cross slide is flexible and free of jamming.

[0127] 2. Sample placement:

[0128] (1) Open the protective cover and carefully place the sample using tweezers.

[0129] (2) Ensure that the sample is centered in the groove.

[0130] (3) Gently press the sample to ensure that it is in full contact with the anti-vibration cushion layer.

[0131] 3. Position adjustment:

[0132] (1) Adjust the position of the carrier plate using the fine-tuning screws.

[0133] (2) Make sure the specimen is facing the microtome blade.

[0134] (3) Lock the adjustment mechanism to prevent displacement during slicing.

[0135] 4. Slice parameter settings:

[0136] (1) Set the slice thickness, generally 2 to 5 microns.

[0137] (2) Select the appropriate slicing speed.

[0138] (3) Confirm that the collection tray is in the correct position.

[0139] 5. Slicing operation:

[0140] (1) Close the protective cover and make sure the sealing ring is pressed into place.

[0141] (2) Start the device and begin slicing.

[0142] (3) Observe the slicing process to ensure that the slices are smooth and wrinkle-free.

[0143] 6. Slice collection:

[0144] (1) Observe the slides of the slices in the fixed cavity. (2) Confirm that the slices fall correctly into the collection tray.

[0145] (3) Adjust the position of the collection tray if necessary.

[0146] 4. Final cleaning stage:

[0147] 1. Sample removal:

[0148] (1) After slicing, wait for the device to stop moving.

[0149] (2) Open the protective cover and take out the remaining sample.

[0150] (3) Check whether the sample is complete.

[0151] 2. Slice collection:

[0152] (1) Carefully remove the collection tray.

[0153] (2) Use special tools to transfer slices.

[0154] (3) Label and save slices as required.

[0155] 3. Equipment cleaning:

[0156] (1) Use medical alcohol to wipe the loading groove.

[0157] (2) Clean the slicer blade and surrounding area.

[0158] (3) Check and clean the ventilation holes and dust screens.

[0159] 4. Equipment maintenance:

[0160] (1) Check whether each component is damaged.

[0161] (2) Record usage and maintenance requirements.

[0162] (3) Replace the slicer blade if necessary.

[0163] 5. Quality inspection:

[0164] 1. Slice quality inspection:

[0165] (1) Check the uniformity of slice thickness.

[0166] (2) Observe whether the slices are wrinkled or damaged.

[0167] (3) Record abnormal situations.

[0168] 2. Equipment status confirmation:

[0169] (1) Confirm that all components are reset in place.

[0170] (2) Check whether the brake device is locked.

[0171] (3) Turn off the power and take dust prevention measures.

[0172] 6. Notes:

[0173] 1. Safety protection:

[0174] (1) Protective gloves must be worn during operation.

[0175] (2) It is strictly forbidden to open the protective cover when the equipment is running. (3) If any abnormality is found, stop the machine for inspection immediately.

[0176] 2. Use and maintenance:

[0177] (1) Regularly check and record equipment status.

[0178] (2) Replace consumable parts according to the prescribed period.

[0179] (3) Keep the equipment clean and prevent contamination.

[0180] 3. Handling of special situations:

[0181] (1) If any abnormal sound occurs, stop the machine and check immediately.

[0182] (2) When the slice quality is abnormal, check the relevant parameter settings.

[0183] (3) Report safety hazards promptly if discovered.

[0184] By strictly following the above steps, you can ensure the safe and reliable operation of the equipment and obtain high-quality pathological sections. These steps cover the entire process of equipment use and are easy for operators to master and execute.

[0185] It should be noted that the variables involved in the present invention are explained in detail as shown in Table 2:

[0186] Table 2 Explanation of variables

[0187]

[0188]

[0189] Specifically, the principle of the present invention is: the working principle of the automatic slicing equipment provided by the present invention is based on the deep integration of mechanical precision control and material science. It mainly includes the following aspects:

[0190] First, in terms of the sample fixation principle, the present invention adopts the theory of elastic mechanics, and forms a uniform support force field through the carefully designed depth distribution of the loading groove and the shockproof cushion structure. When external pressure acts, the shockproof cushion can produce moderate deformation, increase the contact area with the sample, and thus provide a more stable fixation effect. This design follows the principle of "uniform stress distribution and controllable deformation".

[0191] Secondly, in terms of slice transmission, the present invention is based on the principle of fluid mechanics and uses the precise tilt angle design of the fixed cavity to enable the slice to produce a stable sliding motion under the action of gravity. The gradient decreasing design of the cavity height is based on the law of conservation of energy, and by controlling the potential energy conversion process of the slice, it ensures that the slice can enter the collection system smoothly and orderly.

[0192] Thirdly, the design of the protection system adopts the "multiple barrier" theory, which effectively prevents the spread of pollutants by using the pressure difference principle through the vacuum cavity formed between the double-layer sealing rings. At the same time, the design of the arc-shaped protective cover is based on optical principles, which maximizes the observation field while ensuring sealing.

[0193] From the perspective of material science, the present invention selects materials with specific properties for key components. For example, the slicer blade is made of high-speed steel that has undergone special heat treatment, and its microstructure ensures the long-term sharpness of the blade. The shockproof cushion layer is made of medical-grade silicone with a specific hardness, and its molecular structure characteristics ensure good elasticity and durability.

[0194] From the perspective of control theory, the present invention adopts the principle of precision mechanical control and realizes micron-level precise control through the screw transmission system. The design of the transmission system follows the principle of "rigidity first, error compensation", ensuring the stability and repeatability of the slicing process.

[0195] The organic combination of the above principles enables the present invention to effectively solve the technical problems of slicing uniformity and continuity. This multidisciplinary design concept not only ensures the technical feasibility of the equipment, but also improves its practical value.

[0196] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An automatic slicing device for biomedical pathology, characterized in that: include: A substrate support, a placement mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a loading component, wherein the substrate support comprises a longitudinal base frame and a transverse base frame, wherein the longitudinal base frame and the transverse base frame are fixedly connected to form an I-shaped structure, the placement mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the substrate support, the lifting mechanism is installed at one side of the placement mechanism, the loading component is located below the lifting mechanism, and a collecting mechanism is also arranged on the substrate support.

2. The automatic slicing device for biomedical pathology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The placement mechanism includes a accommodating box, a protective cover and a stop assembly, the accommodating box is fixed to the top of the base bracket, the protective cover is hinged to the upper part of the accommodating box through a double axis, the stop assembly is arranged inside the accommodating box, the stop assembly includes a plurality of spaced retaining plates, the retaining plates are trapezoidal in structure and are arranged laterally along the inner wall of the accommodating box, a plurality of fixed cavities inclined downward and equidistantly distributed are formed between the retaining plates, and the inclination angle of the fixed cavities is 15 to 45 degrees.

3. The automatic slicing device for biomedical pathology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism includes a lifting arm body, a transmission screw and a driving component. The lifting arm body is connected to the accommodating box body through the transmission screw. The transmission screw penetrates the side wall of the accommodating box body and extends to the interior of the accommodating box body. The driving component is connected to the transmission screw in a transmission manner. The driving component includes a slider assembly and a guide mechanism. The slider assembly is slidably matched with the guide mechanism.

4. The automatic slicing device for biomedical pathology according to claim 3, characterized in that: The loading component includes a loading plate body and an adjusting assembly, the loading plate body is movably connected to the lifting arm body through the adjusting assembly, the adjusting assembly includes a cross slide and a sliding block, the cross slide is arranged at the bottom of the loading plate body, the sliding block is arranged at the top of the lifting arm body, the cross slide is slidably matched with the sliding block, and fine-tuning screws are provided at both ends of the cross slide.

5. The automatic slicing device for biomedical pathology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper end of the loading plate is provided with a plurality of loading grooves distributed in an array, the loading grooves are arranged in a rectangular shape and have a depth of 2 mm to 5 mm, a shockproof pad layer is arranged in the loading groove, the shockproof pad layer is made of medical grade silicone, and the surface of the shockproof pad layer is provided with a honeycomb anti-slip pattern.

6. The automatic slicing device for biomedical pathology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The protective cover body is arranged in an arc shape, and an observation window is arranged on the upper end of the protective cover body. The observation window is made of tempered glass and has a thickness of not less than 5 mm. A double-layer sealing ring is arranged on the contact surface between the protective cover body and the containing box body, and a vacuum cavity is arranged between the double-layer sealing rings. Anti-slip handles are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the protective cover body.

7. The automatic slicing device for biomedical pathology according to claim 6, characterized in that: A shock-absorbing universal wheel is arranged at the bottom of the base bracket, and the shock-absorbing universal wheel is arranged at the connection between the longitudinal base frame and the transverse base frame. A spring shock-absorbing structure is arranged inside the shock-absorbing universal wheel, and a foot-operated brake device is arranged on the shock-absorbing universal wheel.

8. The automatic slicing device for biomedical pathology according to claim 7, characterized in that: The collection mechanism includes a collection box body and a slide rail assembly. The collection box body is slidably connected to the base bracket through the slide rail assembly. Multiple layers of collection trays are arranged in a stepped manner and each layer is provided with an anti-stick coating.

9. The automatic slicing device for biomedical pathology according to claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of ventilation holes are provided on the side wall of the collection box body, dustproof nets are arranged in the ventilation holes, a buffer block is arranged at the bottom of the collection box body, a handle is arranged at the front end of the collection box body, and protective baffles are arranged on both sides of the handle.

10. The automatic slicing device for biomedical pathology according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a slicing mechanism, which includes a mounting seat and a cutter assembly. The mounting seat is fixed to the front end of the lifting arm body. The cutter assembly includes a blade fixing block and a blade. The blade fixing block is connected to the mounting seat through a fine-tuning screw. The blade is fixed to the blade fixing block through a pressing plate. The blade is installed at an angle and forms an angle of 15 to 30 degrees with the horizontal plane. The blade is a disposable medical slicing blade, and the cutting edge of the blade faces the carrier body.

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