Photovoltaic module hot spot defect detection method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to a hot spot defect detection method and device for a photovoltaic module, a storage medium and electronic equipment, and relates to the technical field of hot spot detection.The method comprises the steps that the hot spot defect of the photovoltaic module is detected on the basis of at least one target area where dust easily appears in the photovoltaic module and a corresponding target appearance time period; determining at least one to-be-detected area in the photovoltaic module within a preset time; if the first wind speed does not exceed a preset wind speed threshold value, determining a first detection sequence of each to-be-detected area, and performing hot spot defect detection on the photovoltaic module according to each first detection sequence; and if the first wind speed exceeds a preset wind speed threshold value, determining second detection sequences according to the first humidity values of the corresponding first sub-regions when the second humidity values of all the to-be-detected regions in the preset time do not exceed the first humidity threshold value, and performing hot spot defect detection on the photovoltaic module according to the second detection sequences. The method has the effect of improving the accuracy of detecting the hot spot defect of the photovoltaic module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hot spot detection, and in particular to a method, device, storage medium and electronic device for detecting hot spot defects in photovoltaic modules. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic modules, also called solar panels or solar panels, are the core part of solar power generation systems. They are composed of several solar cells connected in series and parallel, and laminated and packaged to form the smallest indivisible solar cell combination device that can provide DC output alone. Photovoltaic module hot spot defects are caused by the hot spot effect, which can easily reduce the conversion efficiency and even cause damage to photovoltaic modules. Under certain conditions, if a certain area on the surface of the photovoltaic module is shaded, the corresponding solar cell module is used as a load to consume the energy generated by other solar cell modules with light. The shaded solar cell module will heat up at this time, which is the hot spot effect. It can be seen that effective hot spot defect detection of photovoltaic modules is of great significance to ensure the safe and stable operation of photovoltaic systems.

[0003] At present, the common method for hot spot defect detection of photovoltaic modules is to scan various areas on the surface of the photovoltaic module with an infrared thermal imager, receive infrared radiation from each area, and generate corresponding thermal images. The darker the color, the higher the temperature of the area. Combined with various thermal images, the local high-temperature areas in the photovoltaic module are analyzed and determined, and then the hot spot defects are determined. Once the sunlight irradiates the surface of the photovoltaic module unevenly, the temperature distribution of various areas on the surface of the photovoltaic module that are not shielded is uneven. It is easy to misjudge when detecting hot spot defects in this way, resulting in poor accuracy in hot spot defect detection of photovoltaic modules. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to improve the accuracy of hot spot defect detection of photovoltaic modules, the present application provides a method, device, storage medium and electronic device for hot spot defect detection of photovoltaic modules.

[0005] In a first aspect of the present application, a method for detecting hot spot defects of a photovoltaic module is provided, which specifically comprises: Obtain a first wind direction and a corresponding first wind speed within a preset time before the current time; Based on at least one target area in the photovoltaic assembly where dust is likely to appear and a corresponding target appearance period, determining at least one area to be detected in the photovoltaic assembly within a preset time, wherein the target appearance period is a period in which dust is likely to appear in the corresponding target area; If the first wind speed does not exceed a preset wind speed threshold, determining a first detection sequence for each of the to-be-detected areas, and performing hot spot defect detection on the photovoltaic module according to each of the first detection sequences; If the first wind speed exceeds a preset wind speed threshold, determining a first sub-area downstream of each of the to-be-detected areas in the first wind direction, the first sub-area being an area where a first humidity value exceeds a preset first humidity threshold within the preset time; When the second humidity value of all the areas to be inspected within the preset time does not exceed the first humidity threshold, the second detection order is determined according to the first humidity value of the corresponding first sub-area, and the photovoltaic components are subjected to hot spot defect detection according to each of the second detection orders. The higher the first humidity value is, the higher the second detection order of the corresponding first sub-area is.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, based on the target area in the photovoltaic module that is prone to dust blowing and the corresponding target appearance period, the area to be detected that is prone to dust removal and coverage within the preset time before the current time is analyzed and determined. Further, if the first wind speed does not exceed the wind speed threshold, it means that the wind speed within the preset time is small. Once there is dust coverage in the area to be detected, the possibility of being blown to other areas is small. Then, according to the first detection sequence of each area to be detected that is prone to dust coverage, the surface of the photovoltaic module is targeted for hot spot defect detection; if the first wind speed exceeds the wind speed threshold, it means that the wind speed within the preset time is large. Once there is dust coverage in the area to be detected, the possibility of being blown to other areas is large. Then, according to the first humidity value of the first sub-area downstream of each area to be detected, the second detection sequence is determined. The higher the first humidity value, the easier it is to form a water film on the surface of the photovoltaic module to adsorb dust, the greater the risk of hot spot defects, and the more advanced the corresponding second detection sequence. Through the first detection sequence or the second detection sequence, the photovoltaic module with a high risk of dust coverage is targeted for detection. Once a hot spot defect is detected, the possibility of misjudgment is small, thereby improving the accuracy of defect detection.

[0007] Optionally, the determining, based on at least one target area in the photovoltaic assembly where dust is likely to appear and a corresponding target appearance period, at least one area to be detected in the photovoltaic assembly within a preset time specifically includes: Counting the first occurrence times of the first historical area where dust appears in the photovoltaic assembly, and selecting the first historical area with the first number from each of the first historical areas in descending order of the first occurrence times to determine it as a target area where dust is likely to appear; Counting the second occurrence times of dust appearing in each of the target areas during the first historical period, and selecting the first historical period with the second number from each of the first historical periods in descending order of the second occurrence times as the target occurrence time period of the corresponding target area; Calculate a first weight of each target area and a second weight of each corresponding target appearance time period, wherein the first weight is a ratio of a first appearance number of each target area to a sum of first appearance numbers of all target areas, and the second weight is a ratio of a second appearance number of a single target appearance time period corresponding to the target area to a sum of second appearance numbers of all corresponding target appearance time periods; At least one area to be detected in the photovoltaic assembly within a preset time is determined based on the first weight and the corresponding second weights.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the larger the first occurrence number, the more likely the corresponding first historical area is to be covered by dust particles, thereby determining the target area; the larger the second occurrence number, the more likely the target area is to be covered by dust in the corresponding first historical period, thereby determining the corresponding target appearance period. Finally, the first weight and the corresponding second weights are combined to analyze the possibility of the target area being covered by dust within the preset time, thereby accurately screening out the area to be detected.

[0009] Optionally, the determining, based on the first weight and the corresponding second weights, at least one area to be detected in the photovoltaic assembly within a preset time specifically includes: Determine the target appearance period within the preset time in each target appearance period corresponding to each target area as a key appearance period, and calculate a first product of the first weight of each target area and the second weight of each corresponding key appearance period; Summing each of the first products to obtain a sum of the first products of the corresponding target area; Comparing the sum of each of the first products with a preset first product sum threshold, and if the sum of the first products is greater than the first product sum threshold, determining a target area corresponding to the corresponding sum of the first products as an area to be detected; The determining of the first detection order of each of the to-be-detected areas specifically includes: According to the sum of the first products of each of the to-be-detected areas, the first detection order of the corresponding to-be-detected areas is determined. The larger the sum of the first products is, the higher the corresponding first detection order is.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the larger the sum of the first products is, the greater the possibility that the corresponding target area will be covered by dust within the preset time. Finally, if the sum of the first products is greater than the preset first product sum threshold, it means that the corresponding target area is more likely to be covered by dust, making the risk of hot spot defects in the photovoltaic module higher, and then the corresponding target area is determined as the area to be detected. Furthermore, according to the first detection sequence, the area to be detected with a higher possibility of dust coverage is preferentially detected, thereby achieving targeted hot spot defect detection and improving the accuracy and efficiency of defect detection.

[0011] Optionally, the method further includes: If no hot spot defect is detected, obtaining at least one second wind direction and a corresponding second wind speed within a preset time after the current time; If the second wind speeds do not exceed the wind speed threshold, determining a dust-prone occlusion risk area after the current time according to the current time, the first weight, and the corresponding second weights; When the third humidity value of the shielding risk area is lower than the preset second humidity threshold, determining at least one second sub-area in the photovoltaic assembly at the current time, the second sub-area is an area where the humidity value exceeds the preset first humidity threshold, and the first humidity threshold is greater than the second humidity threshold; Determine a first ventilation wind direction from each of the second sub-areas to the shielding risk area, and perform ventilation processing according to each of the first ventilation wind directions; When the third humidity value of the shielding risk area is not lower than the preset second humidity threshold, determining a third sub-area with the smallest humidity value among the suitable humidity sub-areas of the photovoltaic assembly at the current time, wherein the suitable humidity sub-area is a sub-area with a humidity value in the interval from the second humidity threshold to the first humidity threshold; A second ventilation direction from the shielding risk area to the third sub-area is determined, and ventilation is performed according to the second ventilation direction.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, if each second wind speed does not exceed the wind speed threshold, it means that the wind speed is relatively small within the preset time after the current time, and dust coverage appears somewhere in the photovoltaic module and is not easily blown to other areas. Furthermore, if the third humidity value is less than the second humidity threshold, it means that the air in this shielding risk area is relatively dry and the possibility of static electricity accumulation is relatively high, which makes the adsorption force on dust relatively large and not easy to be blown away. Then, the first ventilation wind direction from each second sub-area to this shielding risk area is determined and ventilation treatment is performed. Not only can the humidity of the second sub-area be reduced by ventilation and dehumidification to avoid water vapor scattering and absorption of sunlight, affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module, but also the water vapor in the second sub-area can be blown to the dry shielding risk area to improve its drying problem and reduce the risk of dust adsorption. In addition, air can be blown to this shielding risk area in advance to reduce the possibility of dust coverage. If the third humidity value of this shielding risk area is not lower than the second humidity threshold, it means that the area most likely to be covered with dust does not have a drying problem. Then, determining the second ventilation wind direction can not only better prevent dust coverage in the shielding risk area, but also, even if dust coverage occurs, the dust can be blown to the third sub-area with lower humidity to avoid dust being blown to other areas and attached, thereby better reducing the risk of hot spot defects.

[0013] Optionally, determining the occlusion risk area where dust is likely to appear after the current time according to the current time, the first weight and the corresponding second weights specifically includes: Determine the target area including the current time in each corresponding target appearance time period as a possible occlusion area, determine the target appearance time period including the current time as a possible occlusion time period, and calculate the weight product of the first weight of each possible occlusion area and the second weight of the corresponding possible occlusion time period; A maximum weighted product is selected from the weighted products, and the possible occlusion area corresponding to the maximum weighted product is determined as an occlusion risk area where dust is likely to appear after the current time.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the larger the weight product is, the greater the possibility that the possible occlusion area will be covered with dust during the corresponding possible occlusion period. Then the maximum weight product is selected from each weight product, and the possible occlusion area corresponding to the maximum weight product, that is, the area that is more likely to be covered with dust after the current time, is determined as the occlusion risk area, thereby more accurately determining the area that is likely to be covered with dust after the current time.

[0015] Optionally, the method further includes: If there is a second wind speed exceeding the wind speed threshold, the corresponding second wind speed is determined as the key wind speed, the second wind direction corresponding to the key wind speed is determined as the key wind direction, and the duration of the key wind direction is determined; Counting the first occurrence frequencies of the second historical areas in the photovoltaic modules, and selecting the second historical areas with the third number from each of the second historical areas in descending order of the first occurrence frequencies as the wet areas, the second historical areas being historical areas where the humidity value exceeds the first humidity threshold; Determine a second historical period in which the humidity value of each of the prone-to-wet areas exceeds the first humidity threshold, count the second occurrence frequency of each of the second historical periods, and select a fourth number of second historical periods from each of the second historical periods in descending order of the second occurrence frequency to determine as the prone-to-wet period of the corresponding prone-to-wet area; Calculate the third weight of each of the easy-to-wet areas and the fourth weight of each of the corresponding easy-to-wet time periods, wherein the third weight is the ratio of the first occurrence frequency of each easy-to-wet area to the sum of the first occurrence frequencies of all easy-to-wet areas, and the fourth weight is the ratio of the second occurrence frequency of a single easy-to-wet time period corresponding to the easy-to-wet area to the sum of the second occurrence frequencies of all the corresponding easy-to-wet time periods; Based on the duration, the third weight and the corresponding fourth weights, a next key inspection area in the photovoltaic assembly is determined.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the greater the first occurrence frequency, the more likely the corresponding second historical area is to have high humidity, and thus the easy-to-wet area is determined; the greater the second occurrence frequency, the more likely the easy-to-wet area is to have high humidity in the corresponding second historical period, and thus the corresponding easy-to-wet period is determined. Finally, the third weight and the corresponding fourth weight are combined to analyze the possibility of high humidity in each easy-to-wet area during the continuous period, and then the key detection area for the next hot spot defect is reasonably determined based on this, thereby improving the detection accuracy of hot spot defects.

[0017] Optionally, determining the next key detection area in the photovoltaic assembly based on the duration, the third weight and the corresponding fourth weights specifically includes: Determine the easy-to-wet time periods corresponding to each of the easy-to-wet areas within the duration as key easy-to-wet time periods, and calculate and sum the second products of the third weight of each of the easy-to-wet areas and the corresponding fourth weights of each key easy-to-wet time period to obtain the corresponding sum of the second products; When the sum of the second products is greater than a preset second product sum threshold, determining the corresponding easy-to-wet area as a key easy-to-wet area; Determine the target appearance time period in the target appearance time period corresponding to each target area and within the duration as an important appearance time period, and calculate and sum the third product of the first weight of each target area and the second weight of each corresponding important appearance time period to obtain the corresponding sum of the third products; When the sum of the third products is greater than the preset threshold of the sum of the first products, the corresponding target area is determined as the key target area; if the key easy-to-wet area is downstream of the key wind direction of the key target area, the corresponding key easy-to-wet area is determined as the next key detection area.

[0018] By adopting the above technical scheme, the larger the sum of the second products is, the more likely the corresponding easy-to-wet area is to be covered with dust during the continuous period, and the key easy-to-wet area is determined; the larger the sum of the third products is, the more likely the corresponding target area is to be covered with dust during the continuous period, and the key target area is determined. Finally, if the key easy-to-wet area is downstream of the key wind direction of the key target area, it means that once the humidity in the key easy-to-wet area is high and the key target area is covered with dust during the continuous period, under this key wind direction, when dust is blown to the key easy-to-wet area, dust adhesion is likely to occur, resulting in an increased risk of obstruction. In this way, the corresponding key easy-to-wet area will be determined as the next key detection area, that is, the next hot spot defect detection will be carried out for key detection, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of defect detection.

[0019] In a second aspect of the present application, a photovoltaic module hot spot defect detection device is provided, specifically comprising: An information acquisition module, used to acquire a first wind direction and a corresponding first wind speed within a preset time before a current time; An area determination module, configured to determine at least one area to be detected in the photovoltaic assembly within a preset time based on at least one target area in the photovoltaic assembly where dust is likely to appear and a corresponding target appearance period, wherein the target appearance period is a period in which dust is likely to appear in the corresponding target area; a first detection module, configured to determine a first detection sequence for each of the to-be-detected areas if the first wind speed does not exceed a preset wind speed threshold, and perform hot spot defect detection on the photovoltaic module according to each of the first detection sequences; an area screening module, for determining, if the first wind speed exceeds a preset wind speed threshold, a first sub-area downstream of each of the areas to be detected under the first wind direction, the first sub-area being an area where a first humidity value exceeds a preset first humidity threshold within the preset time; The second detection module is used to determine a second detection order according to the first humidity value of the corresponding first sub-area when the second humidity value of all the areas to be detected within a preset time does not exceed the first humidity threshold, and perform hot spot defect detection on the photovoltaic module according to each of the second detection orders, wherein the higher the first humidity value is, the higher the second detection order of the corresponding first sub-area is.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the information acquisition module obtains the first wind direction and the corresponding first wind speed, the area determination module determines at least one area to be detected in the photovoltaic component, and then the first detection module determines the first detection order of each area to be detected when the first wind speed exceeds the wind speed threshold, and the second detection module determines the first sub-area corresponding to each area to be detected when the first wind speed exceeds the preset wind speed threshold, and finally the second detection module determines the corresponding second detection order according to the first humidity value of the first sub-area.

[0021] In a third aspect of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is loaded and executed by a processor, the method steps described in any one of the first aspects are performed.

[0022] In a fourth aspect of the present application, an electronic device is provided, specifically comprising: A processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor is used to load and execute the computer program stored in the memory so that the electronic device performs the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0023] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: if the first wind speed does not exceed the wind speed threshold, it means that the wind speed within the preset time is small. Once there is dust coverage in the area to be detected, the possibility of being blown to other areas is small. Then, according to the first detection sequence of each area to be detected where dust coverage is prone to occur, the surface of the photovoltaic module is targeted for hot spot defect detection; if the first wind speed exceeds the wind speed threshold, it means that the wind speed within the preset time is large. Once there is dust coverage in the area to be detected, the possibility of being blown to other areas is large. Then, according to the first humidity value of the first sub-area downstream of each area to be detected, the second detection sequence is determined. The higher the first humidity value, the easier it is to form a water film on the surface of the photovoltaic module to adsorb dust, the greater the risk of hot spot defects, and the earlier the corresponding second detection sequence. Through the first detection sequence or the second detection sequence, the photovoltaic modules with a higher risk of dust coverage are targeted for detection. Once a hot spot defect is detected, the possibility of misjudgment is small, thereby improving the accuracy of defect detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting hot spot defects of photovoltaic modules provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a flow chart of another photovoltaic module hot spot defect detection method provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module hot spot defect detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of another photovoltaic module hot spot defect detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 11. Information acquisition module; 12. Area determination module; 13. First detection module; 14. Area screening module; 15. Second detection module; 16. Hot spot prevention module; 17. Detection and warning module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a kind of association relationship describing the associated objects, indicating that there may be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent: A exists alone, B exists alone, and A and B exist at the same time. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of the term "multiple" refers to two or more. For example, multiple systems refer to two or more systems, and multiple screen terminals refer to two or more screen terminals. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. The terms "include", "comprise", "have" and their variations all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0028] See also Figure 1 The present application embodiment discloses a flow chart of a method for detecting hot spot defects of photovoltaic modules, which can be implemented by a computer program or run on a photovoltaic module hot spot defect detection device based on a von Neumann system. The computer program can be integrated into an application or run as an independent tool application, specifically including: S101: Obtain a first wind direction and a corresponding first wind speed within a preset time before the current time.

[0029] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the current time is the time at which the photovoltaic module is currently prepared to be tested for hot spot defects. The preset time may be the interval time for performing hot spot defect detection on the photovoltaic module, or may not be the interval time for performing hot spot defect detection on the photovoltaic module. The preset time may specifically be 3 hours, or may be other reasonable time. In addition, the first wind direction within the preset time may be single, and in other embodiments, the first wind direction within the preset time may also be multiple.

[0030] Furthermore, the execution subject of the photovoltaic module hot spot defect detection method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application is a server, which is wirelessly connected to the terminal, and is also wirelessly connected to the infrared thermal imager and the ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor. The terminal can be a smart phone or a personal computer, and a client or applet related to hot spot defect detection is installed in the terminal. The server is the background server of the client or applet, which can be an independent physical server or a server cluster composed of multiple physical servers. Furthermore, the implementation scenario of a photovoltaic module hot spot defect detection method of the present application is: personnel need to perform defect detection on photovoltaic modules, and send a detection start instruction to the server through the client in the terminal. The server selects the first wind direction and the corresponding first wind speed within the preset time before the current time from the wind direction and wind speed information collected in real time by the preset ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor. In other embodiments, the first wind direction and the corresponding first wind speed within the preset time can also be obtained through a preset meteorological service tool. Among them, the meteorological service tool can be a Windy tool.

[0031] S102: Based on at least one target area in the photovoltaic assembly where dust is likely to appear and a corresponding target appearance period, determine at least one area to be detected in the photovoltaic assembly within a preset time.

[0032] Specifically, based on the hot spot defect detection record and hot spot defect troubleshooting record on the surface of the photovoltaic module, the hot spot defect detection record includes the area where the hot spot defect is detected in the photovoltaic module and the corresponding hot spot defect detection time, and the hot spot defect troubleshooting record includes the troubleshooting reason for the detected hot spot defect, which may be dust coverage. Then, the first historical area where dust appears is determined, and the first occurrence number of each first historical area is counted. The larger the first occurrence number, the more likely the corresponding first historical area is to be covered by dust particles, which in turn leads to the generation of hot spot defects. Then, in the order of the first occurrence number from large to small, the first historical area with the first number is selected from each first historical area to be determined as the target area where dust is likely to appear.

[0033] Furthermore, the second occurrence number of the first historical time period in which dust appears in each target area is counted, and the larger the second occurrence number is, the more likely the target area is to be covered with dust in the corresponding first historical time period. Then, in descending order of the second occurrence number, the second number of first historical time periods is selected from each first historical time period and determined as the target occurrence time period of the corresponding target area, that is, the time period when dust is likely to appear in the corresponding target area.

[0034] Next, the first weight of each target area and the second weight of each corresponding target appearance time period are calculated, the first weight is the ratio of the first appearance number of each target area to the sum of the first appearance number of all target areas, and the second weight is the ratio of the second appearance number of a single target appearance time period corresponding to the target area to the sum of the second appearance number of all corresponding target appearance time periods. Finally, based on the first weight and the corresponding second weight, the area to be detected is determined, wherein the area to be detected is the area in the photovoltaic module to be prepared for hot spot defect detection. A feasible determination method is: determine the target appearance time period within the preset time in each target appearance time period corresponding to the single target area as the key appearance time period, and calculate the first product of the first weight of each target area and the second weight of each corresponding key appearance time period and sum them to obtain the sum of the first products of the corresponding target area. The larger the sum of the first products, the greater the possibility that the corresponding target area is covered with dust within the preset time. Finally, if the sum of the first products is greater than the preset threshold of the sum of the first products, it means that the corresponding target area is more likely to be covered with dust, so that the risk of hot spot defects in the photovoltaic module is higher, then the corresponding target area is determined as the area to be detected.

[0035] S103: If the first wind speed does not exceed the preset wind speed threshold, determining a first detection sequence for each area to be detected, and performing hot spot defect detection on the photovoltaic module according to each first detection sequence.

[0036] Specifically, after the area to be detected in the photovoltaic module is determined, the first wind speed is compared with the preset wind speed threshold. If the first wind speed does not exceed the wind speed threshold, it means that the wind speed within the preset time is small. Once there is dust coverage in the area to be detected, the possibility of being blown to other areas is small. Then, according to the sum of the first products of each area to be detected, the first detection order of the corresponding area to be detected is determined. The larger the sum of the first products, the higher the corresponding first detection order, so that the area to be detected with a greater possibility of dust coverage is given priority detection, thereby achieving targeted hot spot defect detection and improving the accuracy and efficiency of defect detection. Finally, the corresponding area to be detected is scanned in turn by an infrared thermal imager according to the first detection order to detect hot spot defects. In other embodiments, hot spot defect detection can also be performed by a drone equipped with an infrared camera.

[0037] S104: If the first wind speed exceeds a preset wind speed threshold, determine a first sub-area downstream of each to-be-detected area in the first wind direction.

[0038] Specifically, if the first wind speed exceeds the wind speed threshold, it means that the wind speed within the preset time is relatively high. Once there is dust coverage in the area to be detected, it is likely to be blown to other areas. Then, the humidity values ​​of various areas on the surface of the photovoltaic module collected in real time by the humidity sensor are retrieved to determine the humidity value of the area downstream of the single area to be detected under the first wind direction. The area where the first humidity value within the preset time exceeds the first humidity threshold is determined as the first sub-area, that is, the area with higher humidity in the photovoltaic module. The higher the humidity, the easier it is to form a water film on the surface of the photovoltaic module and absorb dust. The first humidity value can be the average value of multiple humidity values ​​of the sub-area within the preset time, or it can be the highest humidity value of the sub-area within the preset time.

[0039] S105: When the second humidity value of all the areas to be inspected within the preset time does not exceed the first humidity threshold, determine the second inspection sequence according to the first humidity value of the corresponding first sub-area, and perform hot spot defect inspection on the photovoltaic module according to each second inspection sequence.

[0040] Specifically, it is determined whether the second temperature value of each area to be detected within a preset time exceeds the first humidity threshold. If it does not exceed the first humidity threshold, it means that under the influence of the first wind direction, the dust in the area to be detected is easily blown away, and the dust blown away from the area to be detected is easy to adhere to the first sub-area downstream, and finally forms an obstruction to the photovoltaic module. Then, the area with a higher risk of hot spot defects is the first sub-area corresponding to each area to be detected, and then the corresponding second detection order is determined according to the first humidity value of a single first sub-area. The higher the first humidity value, the easier it is to form a water film on the surface of the photovoltaic module to adsorb dust, the greater the risk of hot spot defects, the higher the corresponding second detection order, and the higher the priority of hot spot defect detection. Finally, the corresponding first sub-areas are scanned in turn by an infrared thermal imager according to the second detection order, and the surface temperature distribution of the first sub-area is imaged and analyzed, thereby realizing the detection of hot spot defects.

[0041] See also Figure 2 The present application embodiment discloses a flow chart of another method for detecting hot spot defects of photovoltaic modules, which can be implemented by a computer program or run on a photovoltaic module hot spot defect detection device based on the von Neumann system. The computer program can be integrated into an application or run as an independent tool application, specifically including: S201: Obtain a first wind direction and a corresponding first wind speed within a preset time before the current time.

[0042] S202: Based on at least one target area in the photovoltaic assembly where dust is likely to appear and a corresponding target appearance period, determine at least one area to be detected in the photovoltaic assembly within a preset time.

[0043] S203: If the first wind speed does not exceed the preset wind speed threshold, determining a first detection sequence for each area to be detected, and performing hot spot defect detection on the photovoltaic module according to each first detection sequence.

[0044] S204: If the first wind speed exceeds a preset wind speed threshold, determine a first sub-area downstream of each to-be-detected area in the first wind direction.

[0045] S205: When the second humidity value of all the areas to be inspected within the preset time does not exceed the first humidity threshold, determine the second inspection sequence according to the first humidity value of the corresponding first sub-area, and perform hot spot defect inspection on the photovoltaic module according to each second inspection sequence.

[0046] For details, please refer to steps S101-S104, which will not be described in detail here.

[0047] S206: If no hot spot defect is detected, obtaining at least one second wind direction and a corresponding second wind speed within a preset time after the current time.

[0048] S207: If the second wind speeds do not exceed the wind speed threshold, determine the risk area for dust obstruction that is likely to occur after the current time according to the current time, the first weight and the corresponding second weights.

[0049] Specifically, if no hot spot defects are detected after the photovoltaic module is subjected to hot spot defect detection, it means that there is no obstruction problem on the surface of the photovoltaic module at the current time. Then, through the preset meteorological service tool, at least one second wind direction and a corresponding second wind speed within a preset time after the current time are obtained, and the duration of each second wind direction is obtained. Furthermore, each second wind speed is compared with a preset wind speed threshold. If each second wind speed does not exceed the wind speed threshold, it means that the wind speed is relatively small within the preset time after the current time, and dust coverage appears somewhere in the photovoltaic module and is not easily blown to other areas. Then, the shading risk area in the photovoltaic module that is likely to be covered with dust after the current time is determined. A feasible determination method is: determine the target area including the current time in each corresponding target appearance time period as a possible shading area, and determine the target appearance time period including the current time as a possible shading time period. Then, calculate the weight product of the first weight of each possible shading area and the second weight of the corresponding possible shading time period. The larger the weight product, the greater the possibility that the possible shading area will be covered with dust in the corresponding possible shading time period. Then, select the maximum weight product from each weight product, and determine the possible shading area corresponding to the maximum weight product, that is, the area that is more likely to be covered with dust after the current time, as the shading risk area.

[0050] S208: When the third humidity value of the shading risk area is lower than a preset second humidity threshold, determine at least one second sub-area in the photovoltaic assembly at the current time.

[0051] S209: Determine the first ventilation wind directions from each second sub-area to the shielding risk area, and perform ventilation processing according to each first ventilation wind direction.

[0052] Specifically, the second humidity threshold is less than the first humidity threshold, and the current third humidity value of the shielding risk area is obtained through the preset humidity sensor. If the third humidity value is less than the second humidity threshold, it means that the air in the shielding risk area is relatively dry, and the possibility of static electricity accumulation is relatively high, so that the dust adsorption force is relatively large and it is not easy to be blown away, then the second sub-area in the photovoltaic module at the current time is determined, that is, the area where the humidity value exceeds the first humidity threshold (the area with relatively high humidity). Further, the first ventilation wind direction from each second sub-area to the shielding risk area is determined, and ventilation is carried out in sequence according to each first ventilation wind direction through at least one ventilation device preset around the photovoltaic module. Not only can the humidity of the second sub-area be reduced by ventilation and dehumidification, avoiding water vapor scattering and absorption of sunlight, and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module, but also the water vapor of the second sub-area can be blown to the dry shielding risk area, improving its drying problem and reducing the risk of dust adsorption. In addition, the shielding risk area can be blown in advance to reduce the possibility of dust coverage. It should be noted that the ventilation order of the corresponding first ventilation wind direction can be determined according to the humidity value of each second sub-area. The higher the humidity value, the more advanced the ventilation order of the corresponding first ventilation wind direction.

[0053] S210: When the third humidity value of the shielding risk area is not lower than the preset second humidity threshold, determine a third sub-area with the smallest humidity value among the suitable humidity sub-areas of the photovoltaic assembly at the current time.

[0054] S211: Determine a second ventilation direction from the shielding risk area to the third sub-area, and perform ventilation processing according to the second ventilation direction.

[0055] Specifically, if the third humidity value of this shading risk area is not lower than the second humidity threshold, it means that the area most likely to be covered with dust does not have a drying problem, then determine each suitable humidity sub-area in the photovoltaic module at the current time, that is, the sub-area whose humidity value is in the interval from the second humidity threshold to the first humidity threshold. From each suitable humidity sub-area, select the suitable humidity sub-area with the smallest humidity value, that is, the third sub-area. Finally, determine the second ventilation wind direction from the shading risk area to this third sub-area, and perform ventilation according to this second ventilation wind direction. This can not only better prevent dust coverage from occurring in the shading risk area, but also, even if dust coverage occurs, blow the dust to the third sub-area with lower humidity, to avoid dust being blown to other areas and attaching, and better reduce the risk of hot spot defects.

[0056] In other embodiments, if the second wind speeds do not exceed the wind speed threshold, the second wind speed that exceeds the wind speed threshold is determined as the key wind speed, that is, the wind speed that easily blows dust particles. At the same time, the second wind direction corresponding to the key wind speed is determined as the key wind direction, and the duration of this key wind direction is obtained through meteorological service tools.

[0057] Furthermore, according to the historical humidity collection records of the preset humidity sensor, the second historical area in the photovoltaic module is determined, that is, the historical area where the humidity value exceeds the first humidity threshold, and then the first occurrence frequency of each second historical area is counted. The greater the first occurrence frequency, the more likely the corresponding second historical area is to have high humidity. In order of the first occurrence frequency from large to small, the third second historical area is selected from each second historical area to be determined as a wet area, that is, an area prone to high humidity. Among them, the historical humidity collection record includes information such as the area, time, and humidity value of the humidity collection.

[0058] Then, based on the above historical humidity collection records, determine the second historical time period in which the humidity value of each prone to humidity area exceeds the first humidity threshold, and count the second occurrence frequency of each second historical time period. The greater the second occurrence frequency, the more likely it is that the prone to humidity will be high in the corresponding second historical time period. Then, in order of the second occurrence frequency from large to small, select the fourth number of the second historical time period from each second historical time period to determine it as the corresponding prone to humidity time period of the prone to humidity area, that is, the time period when high humidity is likely to occur.

[0059] Furthermore, the third weight of each easy-to-wet area and the fourth weight of each corresponding easy-to-wet time period are calculated, the third weight being the ratio of the first occurrence frequency of each easy-to-wet area to the sum of the first occurrence frequencies of all easy-to-wet areas, and the fourth weight being the ratio of the second occurrence frequency of a single easy-to-wet time period corresponding to the easy-to-wet area to the sum of the second occurrence frequencies of all corresponding easy-to-wet time periods.

[0060] Furthermore, each easy-to-wet time period corresponding to each easy-to-wet area within this continuous time period is determined as a key easy-to-wet time period, and the second product of the third weight of each easy-to-wet area and the corresponding fourth weight of each key easy-to-wet time period is calculated and summed to obtain the corresponding sum of the second products. The larger the sum of the second products is, the more likely the corresponding easy-to-wet area is to be covered with dust during the continuous time period. Finally, the easy-to-wet area corresponding to the sum of the second products greater than the preset second product sum threshold is determined as a key easy-to-wet area, that is, an area with a higher overall possibility of being covered with dust during the continuous time period.

[0061] Furthermore, the target appearance period in the continuous period among the target appearance periods corresponding to each target area is determined as an important appearance period, and the third product of the first weight of each target area and the second weight of the corresponding important appearance period is calculated and summed to obtain the corresponding sum of the third products. The larger the sum of the third products, the greater the possibility that the corresponding target area will be covered with dust during the continuous period. Finally, the target area corresponding to the sum of the third products that is greater than the threshold of the sum of the first products is determined as the key target area. If the key wet area is downstream of the key wind direction of the key target area, it means that once the humidity in the key wet area is high and the key target area is covered with dust during the continuous period, under this key wind direction, when dust is blown to the key wet area, dust adhesion is likely to occur, resulting in an increased risk of being blocked. Then the corresponding key wet area is determined as the next key detection area, that is, the next hot spot defect detection is carried out for key detection, so as to improve the efficiency and accuracy of defect detection.

[0062] The implementation principle of a method for detecting hot spot defects of photovoltaic modules in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: if the first wind speed does not exceed the wind speed threshold, it means that the wind speed within the preset time is relatively low. Once dust covers the area to be detected, the possibility of being blown to other areas is relatively low. Then, according to the first detection sequence of each area to be detected where dust is prone to appear, the surface of the photovoltaic module is targeted for hot spot defect detection; if the first wind speed exceeds the wind speed threshold, it means that the wind speed within the preset time is relatively high. Once dust covers the area to be detected, the possibility of being blown to other areas is relatively high. Then, according to the first humidity value of the first sub-area downstream of each area to be detected, the second detection sequence is determined. The higher the first humidity value, the easier it is to form a water film on the surface of the photovoltaic module to adsorb dust, the greater the risk of hot spot defects, and the more advanced the corresponding second detection sequence. Through the first detection sequence or the second detection sequence, the photovoltaic modules with a higher risk of dust coverage are targeted for detection. Once a hot spot defect is detected, the possibility of misjudgment is relatively low, thereby improving the accuracy of defect detection.

[0063] The following is an embodiment of the device of the present application, which can be used to execute the embodiment of the method of the present application. For details not disclosed in the embodiment of the device of the present application, please refer to the embodiment of the method of the present application.

[0064] See also Figure 3 , is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module hot spot defect detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The photovoltaic module hot spot defect detection device can be implemented as all or part of the device through software, hardware or a combination of both. The device includes an information acquisition module 11, an area determination module 12, a first detection module 13, an area screening module 14 and a second detection module 15.

[0065] An information acquisition module 11 is used to acquire a first wind direction and a corresponding first wind speed within a preset time before a current time; The area determination module 12 is used to determine at least one area to be detected in the photovoltaic assembly within a preset time based on at least one target area in the photovoltaic assembly where dust is likely to appear and a corresponding target appearance period, wherein the target appearance period is a period in which dust is likely to appear in the corresponding target area; A first detection module 13 is used to determine a first detection sequence for each area to be detected if the first wind speed does not exceed a preset wind speed threshold, and perform hot spot defect detection on the photovoltaic module according to each first detection sequence; The area screening module 14 is used to determine a first sub-area downstream of each to-be-detected area under the first wind direction if the first wind speed exceeds a preset wind speed threshold, the first sub-area being an area where the first humidity value exceeds a preset first humidity threshold within a preset time; The second detection module 15 is used to determine the second detection sequence according to the first humidity value of the corresponding first sub-area when the second humidity value of all the areas to be detected within a preset time does not exceed the first humidity threshold, and perform hot spot defect detection on the photovoltaic module according to each second detection sequence. The higher the first humidity value, the higher the second detection sequence of the corresponding first sub-area.

[0066] Optionally, the region determination module 12 is specifically configured to: Counting the first occurrence times of the first historical area where dust appears in the photovoltaic module, and selecting the first historical area with the first number from each first historical area in descending order of the first occurrence times to determine it as a target area where dust is likely to appear; Count the number of second occurrences of dust in the first historical period in each target area, and select the first historical period with the second number from each first historical period in descending order of the number of second occurrences to determine it as the target occurrence period of the corresponding target area; Calculate the first weight of each target area and the second weight of each corresponding target appearance period, the first weight is the ratio of the first appearance number of each target area to the sum of the first appearance numbers of all target areas, and the second weight is the ratio of the second appearance number of a single target appearance period corresponding to the target area to the sum of the second appearance numbers of all corresponding target appearance periods; At least one area to be detected in the photovoltaic assembly within a preset time is determined based on the first weight and the corresponding second weights.

[0067] Optionally, the region determination module 12 is specifically configured to: Determine the target appearance period within the preset time in each target appearance period corresponding to each target area as the key appearance period, and calculate the first product of the first weight of each target area and the second weight of each corresponding key appearance period; Sum each first product to obtain the sum of the first products of the corresponding target area; The sum of each first product is compared with a preset first product sum threshold, and if the sum of the first products is greater than the first product sum threshold, the target area corresponding to the corresponding sum of the first products is determined as the area to be detected.

[0068] Optionally, the first detection module 13 is specifically used for: According to the sum of the first products of each area to be detected, the first detection order of the corresponding area to be detected is determined. The larger the sum of the first products is, the higher the corresponding first detection order is.

[0069] Optional, such as Figure 4 As shown, the device also includes a hot spot prevention module 16, which is specifically used for: If no hot spot defect is detected, obtaining at least one second wind direction and a corresponding second wind speed within a preset time after the current time; If the second wind speeds do not exceed the wind speed threshold, determining a dust-prone occlusion risk area after the current time according to the current time, the first weight, and the corresponding second weights; When the third humidity value of the shading risk area is lower than the preset second humidity threshold, determining at least one second sub-area in the photovoltaic assembly at the current time, the second sub-area is an area where the humidity value exceeds the preset first humidity threshold, and the first humidity threshold is greater than the second humidity threshold; Determine the first ventilation wind direction from each second sub-area to the shielding risk area, and perform ventilation processing according to each first ventilation wind direction; When the third humidity value of the shielding risk area is not lower than the preset second humidity threshold, determining the third sub-area with the smallest humidity value among the suitable humidity sub-areas of the photovoltaic module at the current time, the suitable humidity sub-area being a sub-area with a humidity value in the interval from the second humidity threshold to the first humidity threshold; Determine a second ventilation direction from the shielding risk area to the third sub-area, and perform ventilation according to the second ventilation direction.

[0070] Optionally, the hot spot prevention module 16 is specifically used for: Determine the target area including the current time in the corresponding target appearance time period as a possible occlusion area, determine the target appearance time period including the current time as a possible occlusion time period, and calculate the weight product of the first weight of each possible occlusion area and the second weight of the corresponding possible occlusion time period; The maximum weighted product is selected from the weighted products, and the possible occlusion area corresponding to the maximum weighted product is determined as the occlusion risk area where dust is likely to appear after the current time.

[0071] Optionally, the device further includes a detection and early warning module 17, which is specifically used for: If there is a second wind speed exceeding the wind speed threshold, the corresponding second wind speed is determined as the key wind speed, the second wind direction corresponding to the key wind speed is determined as the key wind direction, and the duration of the key wind direction is determined; Counting the first occurrence frequency of the second historical area in the photovoltaic module, and selecting the second historical area with the third number from each second historical area in descending order of the first occurrence frequency as a wet area, the second historical area being a historical area where the humidity value exceeds the first humidity threshold; Determine the second historical period in which the humidity value of each easy-to-wet area exceeds the first humidity threshold, count the second occurrence frequency of each second historical period, and select the second historical period with the fourth number from each second historical period in descending order of the second occurrence frequency to determine it as the easy-to-wet period of the corresponding easy-to-wet area; Calculate the third weight of each easy-to-wet area and the fourth weight of each corresponding easy-to-wet period, the third weight being the ratio of the first occurrence frequency of each easy-to-wet area to the sum of the first occurrence frequencies of all easy-to-wet areas, and the fourth weight being the ratio of the second occurrence frequency of a single easy-to-wet period corresponding to the easy-to-wet area to the sum of the second occurrence frequencies of all corresponding easy-to-wet periods; Based on the duration, the third weight and the corresponding fourth weights, a next key inspection area in the photovoltaic assembly is determined.

[0072] Optionally, the detection and early warning module 17 is specifically used for: Determine the easy-to-wet period corresponding to each easy-to-wet area within the continuous period as the key easy-to-wet period, and calculate the second product of the third weight of each easy-to-wet area and the corresponding fourth weight of each key easy-to-wet period and sum them to obtain the corresponding sum of the second products; When the sum of the second products is greater than a preset second product sum threshold, the corresponding easy-to-wet area is determined as a key easy-to-wet area; Determine the target appearance period in the continuous period among the target appearance periods corresponding to each target area as an important appearance period, and calculate and sum the third product of the first weight of each target area and the second weight of the corresponding important appearance period to obtain the corresponding sum of the third products; When the sum of the third products is greater than the preset threshold of the sum of the first products, the corresponding target area is determined as the key target area. If the key easy-to-wet area is downstream of the key wind direction of the key target area, the corresponding key easy-to-wet area is determined as the next key detection area.

[0073] It should be noted that the photovoltaic module hot spot defect detection device provided in the above embodiment only uses the division of the above functional modules as an example when executing the photovoltaic module hot spot defect detection method. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the photovoltaic module hot spot defect detection device provided in the above embodiment and the photovoltaic module hot spot defect detection method embodiment belong to the same concept, and the implementation process thereof is detailed in the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0074] An embodiment of the present application further discloses a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, a photovoltaic module hot spot defect detection method of the above embodiment is adopted.

[0075] Among them, the computer program can be stored in a computer-readable medium, the computer program includes computer program code, the computer program code can be in the form of source code, object code, executable file or certain middleware, etc. The computer-readable medium includes any entity or device that can carry the computer program code, recording medium, USB flash drive, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium, etc. It should be noted that the computer-readable medium includes but is not limited to the above-mentioned components.

[0076] Among them, through the computer-readable storage medium, a photovoltaic component hot spot defect detection method of the above embodiment is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and is loaded and executed on the processor to facilitate the storage and application of the above method.

[0077] An embodiment of the present application further discloses an electronic device, wherein a computer program is stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is loaded and executed by a processor, the above-mentioned method for detecting hot spot defects of photovoltaic modules is adopted.

[0078] The electronic device may be a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a cloud server or other electronic device, and the electronic device includes but is not limited to a processor and a memory. For example, the electronic device may also include input and output devices, a network access device, and a bus.

[0079] Among them, the processor can adopt a central processing unit (CPU). Of course, according to actual usage, other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. can also be adopted. The general-purpose processor can adopt a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc., and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0080] Among them, the memory can be an internal storage unit of the electronic device, such as a hard disk or memory of the electronic device, or it can be an external storage device of the electronic device, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart memory card (SMC), a secure digital card (SD) or a flash memory card (FC) equipped on the electronic device. Moreover, the memory can also be a combination of an internal storage unit and an external storage device of the electronic device. The memory is used to store computer programs and other programs and data required by the electronic device. The memory can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0081] Among them, through this electronic device, a photovoltaic module hot spot defect detection method of the above embodiment is stored in the memory of the electronic device, and is loaded and executed on the processor of the electronic device for easy use.

[0082] The above is only an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure and cannot be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. That is, any equivalent changes and modifications made according to the teachings of the present disclosure are still within the scope of the present disclosure. This application is intended to cover any variation, use or adaptive change of the present disclosure, which follows the general principles of the present disclosure and includes common knowledge or customary technical means in the technical field that are not recorded in the present disclosure. The description and examples are only regarded as exemplary, and the scope and spirit of the present disclosure are defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for detecting hot spot defects of photovoltaic modules, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtain a first wind direction and a corresponding first wind speed within a preset time before the current time; Based on at least one target area in the photovoltaic assembly where dust is likely to appear and a corresponding target appearance period, determining at least one area to be detected in the photovoltaic assembly within a preset time, wherein the target appearance period is a period in which dust is likely to appear in the corresponding target area; If the first wind speed does not exceed a preset wind speed threshold, determining a first detection sequence for each of the to-be-detected areas, and performing hot spot defect detection on the photovoltaic module according to each of the first detection sequences; If the first wind speed exceeds a preset wind speed threshold, determining a first sub-area downstream of each of the to-be-detected areas in the first wind direction, the first sub-area being an area where a first humidity value exceeds a preset first humidity threshold within the preset time; When the second humidity value of all the areas to be inspected within the preset time does not exceed the first humidity threshold, the second detection order is determined according to the first humidity value of the corresponding first sub-area, and the photovoltaic components are subjected to hot spot defect detection according to each of the second detection orders. The higher the first humidity value is, the higher the second detection order of the corresponding first sub-area is.

2. The method for detecting hot spot defects of photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining at least one area to be detected in the photovoltaic assembly within a preset time based on at least one target area in the photovoltaic assembly where dust is likely to appear and a corresponding target appearance period specifically includes: Counting the first occurrence times of the first historical area where dust appears in the photovoltaic assembly, and selecting the first historical area with the first number from each of the first historical areas in descending order of the first occurrence times to determine it as a target area where dust is likely to appear; Counting the second occurrence times of dust appearing in each of the target areas during the first historical period, and selecting the first historical period with the second number from each of the first historical periods in descending order of the second occurrence times as the target occurrence time period of the corresponding target area; Calculate a first weight of each target area and a second weight of each corresponding target appearance time period, wherein the first weight is a ratio of a first appearance number of each target area to a sum of first appearance numbers of all target areas, and the second weight is a ratio of a second appearance number of a single target appearance time period corresponding to the target area to a sum of second appearance numbers of all corresponding target appearance time periods; At least one area to be detected in the photovoltaic assembly within a preset time is determined based on the first weight and the corresponding second weights.

3. The method for detecting hot spot defects of photovoltaic modules according to claim 2, characterized in that: The determining, based on the first weight and the corresponding second weights, at least one area to be detected in the photovoltaic assembly within a preset time specifically includes: Determine the target appearance period within the preset time in each target appearance period corresponding to each target area as a key appearance period, and calculate a first product of the first weight of each target area and the second weight of each corresponding key appearance period; Summing each of the first products to obtain a sum of the first products of the corresponding target area; Comparing the sum of each of the first products with a preset first product sum threshold, and if the sum of the first products is greater than the first product sum threshold, determining a target area corresponding to the corresponding sum of the first products as an area to be detected; The determining of the first detection order of each of the to-be-detected areas specifically includes: According to the sum of the first products of each of the to-be-detected areas, the first detection order of the corresponding to-be-detected areas is determined. The larger the sum of the first products is, the higher the corresponding first detection order is.

4. The method for detecting hot spot defects of photovoltaic modules according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method further comprises: If no hot spot defect is detected, obtaining at least one second wind direction and a corresponding second wind speed within a preset time after the current time; If the second wind speeds do not exceed the wind speed threshold, determining a dust-prone occlusion risk area after the current time according to the current time, the first weight, and the corresponding second weights; When the third humidity value of the shielding risk area is lower than the preset second humidity threshold, determining at least one second sub-area in the photovoltaic assembly at the current time, the second sub-area is an area where the humidity value exceeds the preset first humidity threshold, and the first humidity threshold is greater than the second humidity threshold; Determine a first ventilation wind direction from each of the second sub-areas to the shielding risk area, and perform ventilation processing according to each of the first ventilation wind directions; When the third humidity value of the shielding risk area is not lower than the preset second humidity threshold, determining a third sub-area with the smallest humidity value among the suitable humidity sub-areas of the photovoltaic assembly at the current time, wherein the suitable humidity sub-area is a sub-area with a humidity value in the interval from the second humidity threshold to the first humidity threshold; A second ventilation wind direction from the shielding risk area to the third sub-area is determined, and ventilation is performed according to the second ventilation wind direction.

5. The method for detecting hot spot defects of photovoltaic modules according to claim 4, characterized in that: The determining, according to the current time, the first weights and the corresponding second weights, a dust-prone occlusion risk area after the current time specifically includes: Determine the target area including the current time in each corresponding target appearance time period as a possible occlusion area, determine the target appearance time period including the current time as a possible occlusion time period, and calculate the weight product of the first weight of each possible occlusion area and the second weight of the corresponding possible occlusion time period; A maximum weighted product is selected from the weighted products, and the possible occlusion area corresponding to the maximum weighted product is determined as an occlusion risk area where dust is likely to appear after the current time.

6. The method for detecting hot spot defects of photovoltaic modules according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method further comprises: If there is a second wind speed exceeding the wind speed threshold, the corresponding second wind speed is determined as the key wind speed, the second wind direction corresponding to the key wind speed is determined as the key wind direction, and the duration of the key wind direction is determined; Counting the first occurrence frequencies of the second historical areas in the photovoltaic modules, and selecting the second historical areas with the third number from each of the second historical areas in descending order of the first occurrence frequencies as the wet areas, the second historical areas being historical areas where the humidity value exceeds the first humidity threshold; Determine a second historical period in which the humidity value of each of the prone-to-wet areas exceeds the first humidity threshold, count the second occurrence frequency of each of the second historical periods, and select a fourth number of second historical periods from each of the second historical periods in descending order of the second occurrence frequency to determine as the prone-to-wet period of the corresponding prone-to-wet area; Calculate the third weight of each of the easy-to-wet areas and the fourth weight of each of the corresponding easy-to-wet time periods, wherein the third weight is the ratio of the first occurrence frequency of each easy-to-wet area to the sum of the first occurrence frequencies of all easy-to-wet areas, and the fourth weight is the ratio of the second occurrence frequency of a single easy-to-wet time period corresponding to the easy-to-wet area to the sum of the second occurrence frequencies of all the corresponding easy-to-wet time periods; Based on the duration, the third weight and the corresponding fourth weights, a next key inspection area in the photovoltaic assembly is determined.

7. The method for detecting hot spot defects of photovoltaic modules according to claim 6, characterized in that: The determining of the next key detection area in the photovoltaic assembly based on the duration, the third weight and the corresponding fourth weights specifically includes: Determine the easy-to-wet time periods corresponding to each of the easy-to-wet areas within the duration as key easy-to-wet time periods, and calculate and sum the second products of the third weight of each of the easy-to-wet areas and the corresponding fourth weights of each key easy-to-wet time period to obtain the corresponding sum of the second products; When the sum of the second products is greater than a preset second product sum threshold, determining the corresponding easy-to-wet area as a key easy-to-wet area; Determine the target appearance time period in the target appearance time period corresponding to each target area and within the duration as an important appearance time period, and calculate and sum the third product of the first weight of each target area and the second weight of each corresponding important appearance time period to obtain the corresponding sum of the third products; When the sum of the third products is greater than the preset threshold of the sum of the first products, the corresponding target area is determined as the key target area; if the key easy-to-wet area is downstream of the key wind direction of the key target area, the corresponding key easy-to-wet area is determined as the next key detection area.

8. A photovoltaic module hot spot defect detection device, characterized in that: include: An information acquisition module (11) is used to acquire a first wind direction and a corresponding first wind speed within a preset time before a current time; An area determination module (12) is used to determine at least one area to be detected in the photovoltaic assembly within a preset time based on at least one target area in the photovoltaic assembly where dust is likely to appear and a corresponding target appearance time period, wherein the target appearance time period is a time period in which dust is likely to appear in the corresponding target area; A first detection module (13) is used to determine a first detection sequence for each of the to-be-detected areas if the first wind speed does not exceed a preset wind speed threshold, and to perform hot spot defect detection on the photovoltaic module according to each of the first detection sequences; An area screening module (14) is used to determine a first sub-area downstream of each of the to-be-detected areas under the first wind direction if the first wind speed exceeds a preset wind speed threshold, the first sub-area being an area where a first humidity value exceeds a preset first humidity threshold within the preset time; The second detection module (15) is used to determine a second detection sequence according to the first humidity value of the corresponding first sub-region when the second humidity value of all the to-be-detected regions within a preset time does not exceed the first humidity threshold, and to perform hot spot defect detection on the photovoltaic module according to each of the second detection sequences, wherein the higher the first humidity value, the earlier the second detection sequence of the corresponding first sub-region.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored therein, characterized in that: When the computer program is loaded and executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is adopted.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor loads and executes the computer program, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is adopted.

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