Temperature control and fire fighting integrated coupling system for energy storage cabinet

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a temperature control and fire fighting integrated coupling system for an energy storage cabinet, comprising a carbon dioxide cold and heat pump unit which comprises a compressor, an air cooler connected with the compressor, a throttle valve connected with the air cooler, and an evaporator connected with the throttle valve; the evaporator is also connected with the compressor; the heat supply unit comprises a high-temperature water tank which is connected with the heat utilization scene and is used for storing high-temperature water, and a first normal-temperature water tank which is used for recycling normal-temperature water which is cooled after passing through the heat utilization scene; wherein the air cooler is simultaneously connected with the first normal-temperature water tank and the high-temperature water tank; the cooling unit comprises a low-temperature water tank which is connected with the energy storage cabinet and is used for storing cooling water, and a second normal-temperature water tank which is used for recycling normal-temperature water which is heated after passing through the energy storage cabinet; wherein the evaporator is simultaneously connected with the second normal-temperature water tank and the low-temperature water tank. According to the invention, both temperature control and waste heat recycling of the energy storage cabinet can be taken into consideration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a coupling system for integrating temperature control and fire protection of an energy storage cabinet. Background Art

[0002] Valley power and peak power are new types of electricity prices. The significance of "peak-valley power prices" is to encourage the use of preferential conditions for valley power prices to consume valley power in large quantities, and to use energy storage cabinets to transfer valley power to peak hours, which not only alleviates the peak power supply gap, but also promotes the optimal allocation of power resources. It is a win-win strategy of "shifting peaks and filling valleys". Since the optimal operating temperature of lithium batteries is between 15℃ and 25℃, the operating temperature range is between 0℃ and 45℃, and the temperature range that can be tolerated is between -20℃ and 60℃, too high or too low temperatures will affect the battery life and performance, so thermal management of energy storage cabinets is required to protect the batteries and effectively reduce the energy consumption of energy storage cabinets.

[0003] In addition, when the energy storage cabinet is charging or resting after charging, the battery voltage is high, the battery activity is large, the battery cell is in an overcharged state, the voltage rises to form an internal short circuit, causing local thermal runaway and thus causing spontaneous combustion and fire. It can be seen that thermal management is very important for the safety of energy storage cabinets. The energy storage system must be equipped with a temperature control system with sufficient strength and flexibility to ensure the safe and stable operation of the energy storage cabinet. Therefore, to solve the safety problem, the most fundamental problem is to solve the thermal management problem.

[0004] When charging and discharging, the energy storage cabinet will generate a large amount of waste heat, which will increase the temperature of the energy storage cabinet. Excessive temperature will reduce the life of the energy storage cabinet battery, reduce the amount of storage, and reduce the efficiency of storage and discharge. The main ways to cool the energy storage cabinet are air cooling, liquid cooling, and phase change cooling. Due to the low heat exchange efficiency of battery air cooling technology, the heat generated by the battery increases, which will cause the battery temperature to be too high and there is a risk of thermal runaway; although the battery phase change cooling technology has the advantages of compact structure, low contact thermal resistance, and good cooling effect, the phase change material itself does not have the ability to dissipate heat. The absorbed heat needs to be exported by the liquid cooling system, air cooling system, etc., otherwise the phase change material cannot continue to absorb heat. In addition, phase change materials take up space and are costly; while the liquid cooling system not only has the inherent characteristics of large heat carrying capacity, low flow resistance, and high heat exchange efficiency, but also can rely on a large flow of cooling medium to force the battery pack to dissipate heat and realize the heat redistribution between battery modules in the case of thermal runaway precursors, which can quickly suppress the continuous deterioration of thermal runaway and reduce the risk of runaway.

[0005] In this regard, for example, a fire and explosion prevention and control system for energy storage cabinets in a new energy storage station disclosed in publication number CN113368434A uses carbon dioxide as a medium to achieve fire extinguishing and refrigeration of the interior of the lithium energy storage cabinet and the control room. Carbon dioxide is recycled during refrigeration and sprayed into the cabinet during fire extinguishing. The structure is compact, the floor space is reduced, and the operation is more convenient. In this way, a set of systems can achieve dual functions of refrigeration and fire extinguishing, which is highly practical. Another example is an automatic protection system for lithium battery energy storage cabinets disclosed in publication number CN114300773A, which can ventilate and dissipate heat inside the lithium battery energy storage cabinet body, can detect in real time, has good detection effect, and can discharge the combustible gas inside the lithium battery energy storage cabinet body through the exhaust pipe; low-temperature carbon dioxide is used for cooling and fire extinguishing, which has a good protection effect.

[0006] There are numerous technologies for cooling and protecting energy storage cabinets using carbon dioxide, such as the above. However, the above public technologies only consider cooling the energy storage cabinet, but cannot realize the extraction and utilization of waste heat absorbed by the energy storage cabinet during the cooling process, so there is a problem of energy waste. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a coupling system for integrating temperature control and fire protection of an energy storage cabinet, so as to solve the technical problem of balancing temperature control and waste heat recycling of the energy storage cabinet.

[0008] The coupling system for integrating temperature control and fire protection of energy storage cabinets of the present invention is implemented as follows: A coupling system for temperature control and fire protection of an energy storage cabinet, comprising: A heat pump unit, comprising a compressor, an air cooler connected to the compressor, a throttle valve connected to the air cooler, and an evaporator connected to the throttle valve; the evaporator is also connected to the compressor; A heating unit, comprising a high-temperature water tank connected to a heat-using scene and storing high-temperature water, and a first normal-temperature water tank for recovering normal-temperature water cooled after passing through the heat-using scene; wherein the air cooler is connected to both the first normal-temperature water tank and the high-temperature water tank; The cooling unit comprises a low-temperature water tank connected to the energy storage cabinet and storing cooling water, and a second normal-temperature water tank for recovering normal-temperature water heated after passing through the energy storage cabinet; wherein the evaporator is connected to both the second normal-temperature water tank and the low-temperature water tank.

[0009] In an optional implementation of the present invention, the heat pump unit further includes a carbon dioxide working medium suitable for flowing between the compressor, the air cooler, the throttle valve and the evaporator.

[0010] In an optional implementation of the present invention, the low-temperature water tank is also connected to a spray network pipe for spraying cooling water on the energy storage cabinet.

[0011] In an optional implementation of the present invention, the pipeline of the low-temperature water tank used to connect to the sprinkler network pipe is connected in parallel with the pipeline of the low-temperature water tank used to connect to the energy storage cabinet.

[0012] In an optional implementation of the present invention, a second water pump is further provided between the low-temperature water tank, the spray network pipe and the energy storage cabinet.

[0013] In an optional implementation of the present invention, a third water valve is provided between the second water pump and the spray network pipe.

[0014] In an optional implementation of the present invention, the second water pump and the energy storage cabinet are provided with a second water valve.

[0015] In an optional implementation of the present invention, a first water pump is further provided between the high-temperature water tank and the heat-using scene.

[0016] In an optional implementation of the present invention, a first water valve is provided between the first water pump and the heat usage scene.

[0017] In an optional implementation of the present invention, the second normal temperature water tank may also be connected to the spray network pipe via a pipeline.

[0018] By adopting the above technical scheme, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the coupling system for temperature control and fire protection of the energy storage cabinet of the present invention uses the hot and cold pump unit to produce hot water and cold water for the working temperature control of the energy storage cabinet and the fire protection system of the energy storage cabinet, and at the same time, the waste heat recovered by the energy storage cabinet is used in various heat use scenarios. On the one hand, it can maintain the energy storage cabinet in the optimal working temperature range, make the energy storage cabinet operate stably and efficiently, provide a large amount of storage energy and maintain a large energy storage efficiency; on the other hand, when the energy storage cabinet loses control and causes a fire, the cooling water produced by the hot and cold pump unit can be used to spray the network pipe to cool down and extinguish the out-of-control energy storage cabinet, so that the energy storage cabinet system that loses control and causes the fire can control the fire in the first time and minimize the harm. In addition, the hot and cold pump unit can be used to recover the waste heat generated by the energy storage cabinet when storing energy in valley electricity and releasing energy in peak electricity, and the recovered excess heat can be used in various heat use scenarios, which not only reduces the utilization of energy, but also reduces the cost of electricity and promotes peak shifting and valley filling of electricity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a coupling system for integrating temperature control and fire protection of an energy storage cabinet according to the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: compressor 1, air cooler 2, throttle valve 3, evaporator 4, high temperature water tank 5, first water pump 6, first water valve 7, heat scene 8, first normal temperature water tank 9, low temperature water tank 10, second water pump 11, second water valve 12, energy storage cabinet 13, second normal temperature water tank 14, third water valve 15, spray network pipe 16. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the contents of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below based on specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] See also Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a coupling system for integrating temperature control and fire protection of an energy storage cabinet, including: a heat pump unit, and a heating unit and a cooling unit respectively connected to the heat pump unit.

[0023] Specifically, the cold and hot pump unit includes a compressor 1, an air cooler 2 connected to the compressor 1, a throttle valve 3 connected to the air cooler 2, and an evaporator 4 connected to the throttle valve 3; the evaporator 4 is also connected to the compressor 1. The heating unit includes a high-temperature water tank 5 connected to the heat scene 8 and storing high-temperature water, and a first normal-temperature water tank 9 for recovering normal-temperature water cooled after passing through the heat scene 8; wherein the air cooler is connected to the first normal-temperature water tank 9 and the high-temperature water tank 5 at the same time. The cooling unit includes a low-temperature water tank 10 connected to the energy storage cabinet 13 and storing cooling water, and a second normal-temperature water tank 14 for recovering normal-temperature water heated after passing through the energy storage cabinet 13; wherein the evaporator 4 is connected to the second normal-temperature water tank 14 and the low-temperature water tank 10 at the same time.

[0024] Based on the above situation, the cold and hot pump unit further includes carbon dioxide working medium suitable for flowing between the compressor 1 , the air cooler 2 , the throttle valve 3 and the evaporator 4 .

[0025] Secondly, a first water pump 6 is provided between the high temperature water tank 5 and the heat use scene 8. A first water valve 7 is provided between the first water pump 6 and the heat use scene 8.

[0026] In addition, in an optional implementation, the low-temperature water tank 10 is also connected to a spray network pipe 16 for spraying cooling water on the energy storage cabinet 13. In this regard, it should be noted that the pipeline of the low-temperature water tank 10 used to connect the spray network pipe 16 is connected in parallel with the pipeline of the low-temperature water tank 10 used to connect the energy storage cabinet 13. A second water pump 11 is also provided between the low-temperature water tank 10 and the spray network pipe 16 and the energy storage cabinet 13. A third water valve 15 is provided between the second water pump 11 and the spray network pipe 16. A second water valve 12 is provided between the second water pump 11 and the energy storage cabinet 13.

[0027] Based on the above situation, the compressor 1 is used to compress the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide to a high-temperature and high-pressure state; the air cooler 2 is used to absorb the compression heat of the compressor 1; the throttle valve 3 is used to reduce the pressure of carbon dioxide and bring about a drop in temperature. The evaporator 4 is used to gasify carbon dioxide, and at the same time cool the medium or high-temperature water flowing out of the energy storage cabinet 13 or the spray network pipe 16 to form cooling water, and then store the cooling water in the low-temperature water tank 10. The first normal temperature water tank 9 is used to recover and store high-temperature water that has released heat and absorb the heat of the carbon dioxide working medium; the second normal temperature water tank 14 is used to recover and store low-temperature water that has absorbed heat and transfer heat to the carbon dioxide working medium. It should be noted that the second normal temperature water tank 14 can also be connected to the spray network pipe 16 through a pipeline. On the one hand, it plays a supplementary effect when the water volume of the low-temperature water tank 10 is insufficient to extinguish the fire. On the other hand, the combined use of the second normal temperature water tank 14 and the low-temperature water tank 10 can also increase the water spray pressure during fire extinguishing, thereby improving the fire extinguishing efficiency of the energy storage cabinet 13 in a short time.

[0028] In summary, for the coupled system for temperature control and fire protection of the energy storage cabinet in this embodiment, its general implementation principle is as follows: The low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide enters the compressor 1 and is compressed to a high-temperature and high-pressure state. The carbon dioxide at the outlet of the compressor 1 enters the air cooler 2, and the water returned to the first normal-temperature water tank 9 in various heat use scenarios 8 absorbs the compression heat of the carbon dioxide, and enters the high-temperature water tank 5 for storage after heating. The cooled normal-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide enters the throttle valve 3 to reduce the pressure, and the temperature further drops, and then enters the evaporator 4 to absorb the heat from the energy storage cabinet 13, and then undergoes a new round of compression.

[0029] The high-temperature water in the high-temperature water tank 5 supplies heat to various heat usage scenes 8. The high-temperature water that absorbs the cold energy of various heat usage scenes 8 is stored in the first normal temperature water tank 9. The cold energy absorbed and stored from various heat usage scenes 8 is transferred to the air cooler 2 and then returned to the high-temperature water tank 5.

[0030] When the temperature of the energy storage cabinet 13 is too high, the cooling water in the low-temperature water tank 10 is used to provide cooling for the energy storage cabinet 13. After transferring the cooling water, the temperature of the cooling water increases and is recovered to the second normal temperature water tank 14, and continues to participate in the circulation to absorb the cooling in the evaporator 4 and then returns to the low-temperature water tank 10. When the energy storage cabinet 13 loses control and causes a fire, the cooling water in the low-temperature water tank 10 is used to provide cooling water for the spray network pipe 16.

[0031] Therefore, this embodiment can use the heat pump unit to produce hot water and cold water for the working temperature control of the energy storage cabinet 13 and the fire protection system of the energy storage cabinet 13, and at the same time, the waste heat recovered by the energy storage cabinet 13 can be used in various heat use scenarios 8. On the one hand, it can maintain the energy storage cabinet 13 in the optimal working temperature range, so that the energy storage cabinet 13 can operate stably and efficiently, provide a large amount of storage energy and maintain a large energy storage efficiency; on the other hand, when the energy storage cabinet 13 is out of control and causes a fire, the cooling water produced by the heat pump unit can be used to spray the network pipe 16 to cool down and extinguish the out-of-control energy storage cabinet 13, so that the energy storage cabinet 13 system that is out of control and causes a fire can control the fire in the first time and minimize the harm. In addition, the heat pump unit can be used to recover the waste heat generated by the energy storage cabinet 13 when storing energy in valley electricity and releasing energy in peak electricity, and the recovered excess heat can be used in various heat use scenarios 8, which not only reduces the use of energy, but also reduces the cost of electricity and promotes peak shifting and valley filling of electricity.

[0032] The above specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms indicating orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0034] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being above or below a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being above, above, and above a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being below, below, and below a second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

Claims

1. A coupling system for integrating temperature control and fire protection of energy storage cabinets, characterized in that: include: A heat pump unit, comprising a compressor, an air cooler connected to the compressor, a throttle valve connected to the air cooler, and an evaporator connected to the throttle valve; The evaporator is also connected to the compressor; A heating unit, comprising a high-temperature water tank connected to a heat-using scene and storing high-temperature water, and a first normal-temperature water tank for recovering normal-temperature water cooled after passing through the heat-using scene; wherein the air cooler is connected to both the first normal-temperature water tank and the high-temperature water tank; The cooling unit comprises a low-temperature water tank connected to the energy storage cabinet and storing cooling water, and a second normal-temperature water tank for recovering normal-temperature water heated after passing through the energy storage cabinet; wherein the evaporator is connected to both the second normal-temperature water tank and the low-temperature water tank.

2. The coupling system for integrating temperature control and fire protection of energy storage cabinet according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cold and hot pump unit also includes a carbon dioxide working medium suitable for flowing between the compressor, the air cooler, the throttle valve and the evaporator.

3. The coupling system for integrating temperature control and fire protection of energy storage cabinets according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The low-temperature water tank is also connected to a spray network pipe for spraying cooling water on the energy storage cabinet.

4. The coupling system for integrating temperature control and fire protection of energy storage cabinet according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The pipeline of the low-temperature water tank used to connect to the spray network pipe is connected in parallel with the pipeline of the low-temperature water tank used to connect to the energy storage cabinet.

5. The coupling system for integrating temperature control and fire protection of energy storage cabinet according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A second water pump is also provided between the low-temperature water tank, the spray network pipe and the energy storage cabinet.

6. The coupling system for integrating temperature control and fire protection of energy storage cabinet according to claim 5, characterized in that: A third water valve is provided between the second water pump and the spray network pipe.

7. The coupling system for integrating temperature control and fire protection of energy storage cabinets according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The second water pump and the energy storage cabinet are provided with a second water valve.

8. The coupling system for integrating temperature control and fire protection of energy storage cabinets according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A first water pump is also provided between the high-temperature water tank and the heat-using scene.

9. The coupling system for integrating temperature control and fire protection of energy storage cabinet according to claim 8, characterized in that: A first water valve is provided between the first water pump and the heat usage scene.

10. The coupling system for integrating temperature control and fire protection of energy storage cabinet according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second normal temperature water tank can also be connected to the spray network pipe through a pipeline.

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