Actuating unit for electromagnet, electromagnet and drive unit

Abstract

The invention relates to an actuating unit for an electromagnet, an electromagnet and a drive unit. An actuation unit for an electromagnet for actuating an annular armature wherein the actuation unit comprises a magnetic coil, a housing and a magnetic field sensor integrated in the housing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an actuation unit for an electromagnet, an electromagnet having such an actuation unit and a drive unit having such an electromagnet. Background Art

[0002] For example, the drive unit can be used to transfer a rotational motion between a shaft and a rotating drive element. For example, the rotating drive element can be driven by an electric motor or another unit and can transfer the rotational motion to the shaft. For example, the shaft can be connected to an axle or a wheel of a vehicle in order to drive it. Reverse variants of the force flow are also possible.

[0003] In many applications, it is desirable to ensure that the coupling between the axle and the rotating drive element is switchable. Thus, the coupling can be temporarily suspended. For example, in this way, a decoupling of the vehicle drive unit can occur so that it can roll as much as possible without the effect of the engine brake. In addition, for example, this switching capability can be used to selectively switch on and off the transmission of force to the axle, for example to realize an activatable all-wheel drive. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an actuation unit for an electromagnet which can be realized alternatively or better than in known embodiments, for example requiring a lower circuit expenditure. Furthermore, the object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnet having such an actuation unit. Furthermore, the object of the present invention is to provide a drive unit having such an electromagnet.

[0005] The invention relates to an actuation unit for an electromagnet. In particular, the actuation unit is used to actuate an annular armature that is not associated with the actuation unit. The actuation unit comprises a magnetic coil, which is conveniently designed as an annular coil. The actuation unit comprises a housing attached to the magnetic coil on the radial outside. Furthermore, the actuation unit comprises a magnetic field sensor that is fastened and integrated in the housing.

[0006] A particularly high level of integration can be achieved by means of such an actuation unit. Due to the integration of the magnetic field sensor, a function is provided which, in particular, enables the armature position to be detected in conjunction with a magnetic field generator that is independent of the actuation unit. Thus, the expenditure for a separate fastening of the magnetic field sensor to the drive unit and for additional wiring connected thereto can advantageously be omitted, and the provision of additional drillings for the fastening of the magnetic field sensor and its wiring can also be omitted.

[0007] Here, in particular, an actuating unit is understood to be a unit designed to displace an armature. In the present case, the armature is typically an armature that is at least substantially annular. In principle, for this purpose, it is sufficient to realize at least a portion or a section of the armature as annular. This can typically be formed around the circumference of the shaft and / or, in particular, can be arranged on the radially outer side of the shaft. The magnetic coil is typically arranged on the radially outer side relative to the armature and can move the armature axially by generating a magnetic field. Here, in particular, axial movement is understood to be a movement along an axis specified by the magnetic coil. In particular, this can occur along the center axis of the magnetic coil. In particular, the center axis can be the same as the center axis of the annular armature or the center axis of the annular section of the shaft and the armature. In particular, the description just given relates not only to the actuating unit, but also to the complete electromagnet and the drive unit. The actuating unit and the armature are both components of the electromagnet in the finished electromagnet. However, the actuation unit is a separate component of the electromagnet from the armature and is used to actuate the armature.

[0008] In particular, a magnetic field sensor can be understood as a sensor that can detect a magnetic field. In particular, here, it can be a Hall sensor. In such a Hall sensor, it is generally provided that a defined current is conducted through the sensor and a voltage or current generated by the existing magnetic field is measured. Therefore, the strength of the existing magnetic field can be inferred. If a magnetic field generator that generates a magnetic field sensed by the magnetic field sensor is connected to the armature so that an axial movement of the armature also causes a corresponding axial movement of the magnetic field generator, this allows, in particular, sensing of the current setting or position of the armature. In particular, this can be understood under the concept of connection that is implemented as being fixed with respect to axial displacement. For example, this can be embodied rigidly, or can be implemented, for example, in which an element (e.g., an interface element) containing the magnetic field generator is supported on a plane of the armature and is conveniently pressed against the plane.

[0009] In particular, provision can be made that the magnetic field sensor is arranged axially spaced apart from the magnetic coil. Here, in particular, the term "axially" can relate to a direction specified by a center axis of the magnetic coil. Thus, in particular, a decoupling of the magnetic field sensor from the magnetic field generated by the magnetic coil can occur. Thus, for example, it can be prevented that the magnetic field generated by the magnetic coil reaches the magnetic field sensor with an excessively large strength, thereby negatively influencing a measurement performed by the magnetic field sensor.

[0010] Preferably, a shielding magnetic material and / or a magnetic body for magnetically shielding the magnetic field sensor from the magnetic coil is arranged between the magnetic field sensor and the magnetic coil. In particular, the magnetic shielding material can be designed as the magnetic body, or can be a component of the magnetic body. For example, such a shielding magnetic material can deflect the magnetic field generated by the magnetic coil so that its magnetic field lines are substantially shielded relative to the magnetic field sensor. In this way, the measurement performed by the magnetic field sensor can also be affected as little as possible due to the magnetic field generated by the magnetic coil.

[0011] For example, the magnetic body can externally surround the circumference of the magnetic coil. In particular, a ring-shaped section of the magnetic body can be provided for this purpose. Additionally or alternatively, a disk-shaped section of the magnetic body can be present. This can have a central hole through which the shaft can pass. In particular, the disk-shaped section can produce a shielding effect.

[0012] In particular, the actuation unit may comprise one or more connecting wires of the sensor, which are arranged radially outside the shielding magnetic material and / or are engaged around the shielding magnetic material. In particular, the concept of an arrangement located on the radial outside may be understood to mean that the connecting wires have a greater distance from the center axis defined by the magnetic coil. If the center axis is used as a reference, in particular, the concept of an arrangement engaged around may mean that the connecting wires are arranged outside the shielding magnetic material. Thus, the connection of the sensor, in particular the electrical connection, may be ensured in a simple manner. In this way, drilling through the shielding magnetic material may advantageously be avoided.

[0013] Preferably, an electrical connection for connecting a plug is formed in the housing. In particular, the electrical connection can be connected to the magnetic coil and / or the magnetic field sensor. In particular, the plug is not part of the actuating unit, but is an electrical connection that is usually used for the components of the actuating unit. Thus, in particular, the magnetic coil can be supplied with a current, which leads to the generation of a magnetic field, thereby moving the armature. In particular, the magnetic field sensor can be supplied with a current, which can then be at least partially deflected by the applied magnetic field. As a result of the deflection, a current and / or a voltage is generated, which can then also be read by a connecting line that can be guided via the electrical connection.

[0014] In particular, the electrical connection can be arranged in the housing at a longitudinal end opposite the magnetic field sensor. Thus, an advantageous wire guidance can be achieved, which can in particular be realized as being particularly slender. In particular, the definition of the longitudinal end can be oriented to the coil axis or the center axis of the magnetic coil.

[0015] In particular, the housing may comprise an elongated projection. In particular, the magnetic field sensor may be arranged in the elongated projection. In particular, the elongated projection may extend along an identifiable longitudinal direction. This does not exclude that it also has a slight angle compared thereto. In particular, the length of the elongated projection may be greater than its width and height, in particular, at least two or three times its width and / or height. By means of the elongated projection, in particular, it can be avoided that the housing has to be designed according to the shape of the magnetic coil along the entire required axial extension. In particular, the elongated projection may extend parallel to or at least substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis or the center axis of the magnetic coil, or may be arranged parallel to or substantially parallel to it. In particular, when viewed in a plane transverse to the longitudinal axis or the center axis of the magnetic coil, the elongated projection may have a smaller cross section than the magnetic coil, in particular at least 50%, at least 80% or at least 90% smaller than the magnetic coil. Here, in particular, the cross section is considered to be the entire enclosed space.

[0016] Preferably, the actuation unit may comprise a sensor support, which is fastened to the shielding magnetic material and / or to the magnetic body and / or to the magnetic coil and is mechanically and firmly connected to the end of the elongated protrusion at which the magnetic field sensor is arranged. Thus, the end of the elongated protrusion can be mechanically stabilized. For example, the sensor support may comprise a sleeve into which the elongated protrusion is inserted, and preferably, the sleeve abuts against the elongated protrusion on all sides. Thus, for example, protection of the housing from contamination can also be achieved. However, another fastening method, such as a screw connection or adhesive bonding, is also possible. In particular, it can be provided that the sensor support is fastened to the magnetic coil, in particular by one or more pins. For this purpose, a channel can be provided in the magnetic body, through which the sensor support and / or the pin pass. In particular, it can be provided that the sensor support is fully or partially engaged around the end of the elongated protrusion and protects it from contamination.

[0017] In particular, the actuation unit can include one or more connecting lines of the magnetic coil, which can be guided within the housing and / or can be connected to the connecting element. Thus, a compact embodiment and protected line guidance are achieved.

[0018] The invention also relates to an electromagnet for controlling the coupling state between a shaft not associated with the electromagnet and a rotating drive element not associated with the electromagnet. The electromagnet comprises an annular armature designed to surround the shaft at a section of the shaft, in particular to surround it along the entire circumference of the shaft. The electromagnet further comprises an actuation unit as described herein, wherein the electromagnetic coil of the actuation unit is arranged on the radially outer side of the armature. All embodiments and variants described herein may be used with reference to the actuation unit.

[0019] For example, the annular armature can be designed as a completely annular shape. Alternatively, for example, only a part of the armature can also be designed as annular.

[0020] According to one embodiment, the electromagnet may comprise an interface element. In particular, this may be fastened to the armature, thereby fixing it against axial displacement. It may also abut against the armature and, in particular, may be pretensioned against the armature by a spring. By this embodiment, it may also be ensured that the interface element accepts the axial movement of the armature. In particular, the interface element may be embodied as a ring. In particular, the magnetic field generator may be arranged in the interface element and / or fastened to the interface element, thereby fixing it against axial displacement. The interface element is typically an element connected to the armature, thereby fixing it against axial displacement. In particular, it may be used to transmit the movement of the armature to other components, on which the movement produces a function.

[0021] In particular, the actuation unit can comprise a sensor support which is preferably connected in a mechanically fixed manner to the end of the elongated projection at which the magnetic field sensor is arranged. Please refer to the statements already provided above in this regard. The sensor support can represent a torsion lock for the interface element. In particular, in the case of an annular interface element, the interface element is thus prevented from performing an undesired rotational movement about its axis, which axis is usually identical to the axis of the armature.

[0022] In particular, the interface element may comprise a first protrusion and a second protrusion. These may abut laterally against the sensor support so that a torsional lock may be achieved. Thus, the sensor support is used as a reliable guide for the interface element, which is easy to implement.

[0023] In particular, the electromagnet may comprise a tube. This may be fixedly connected to the armature and, in particular, may be used to mount the armature in an outer housing or magnetic body. Alternatively or additionally, it may be used to mount an interface element inside the tube. Thus, in particular, the tube may provide an outer running surface guided by the surrounding housing or magnetic body, through which the armature is also guided. In particular, the interface element, in particular the interface element already described above, may be guided inside the tube and may thus be stabilized.

[0024] The invention also relates to a drive unit. As described herein, the drive unit comprises a shaft and an electromagnet. All embodiments and variants described herein can be used with reference to the electromagnet, in particular with reference to the actuation unit of the electromagnet. In particular, the armature of the electromagnet is arranged on the radial outside of the shaft and, in particular, can be axially displaced relative to the shaft. Thus, a drive unit can be provided, wherein an axial displacement of the armature can be achieved by the drive unit described herein. Thus, the advantages already mentioned in this case can be advantageously achieved.

[0025] According to an advantageous embodiment, the drive unit comprises a rotary drive element. In particular, this comprises a first contact surface. In particular, the armature or an element connected to the armature in a rotationally fixed manner can comprise a second contact surface. In particular, it can be provided that, in a first position of the armature, the first contact surface engages with the second contact surface. In particular, it can also be provided that, in a second position of the armature, the second contact surface is spaced apart from the first contact surface. Thus, an advantageous switchable embodiment of the force transmission can be easily achieved. The armature can be actuated using the magnetic coil and, depending on the position of the armature, force transmission takes place in the first position and no force transmission takes place in the second position. To this end, the two contact surfaces can comprise corresponding gear teeth, which, for example, can mesh in the first position and be spaced apart from each other in the second position.

[0026] In particular, the drive unit can include a return spring which is designed to pretension the armature in the second position. Thus, the force transmission is interrupted in the idle position and can be activated by energizing the electromagnetic coil. The opposite embodiment is also possible.

[0027] In particular, the drive unit may comprise a magnetic field generator. In particular, this may generate a measuring magnetic field. In particular, this measuring magnetic field may be detected by the magnetic field sensor of the actuating unit. In particular, the magnetic field generator may be attached to the armature, or to an element connected to the armature, thereby fixing it against axial displacement. In particular, it may be provided that the magnetic field generator is arranged adjacent to the magnetic field sensor in at least one position of the armature, and / or that the magnetic field generator is arranged in such a way that the measuring magnetic field may be detected by the magnetic field sensor in at least one position of the armature. Thus, the sensing of the setting or position of the armature and of possibly connected components may be performed in such a way that the magnetic field detected by the magnetic field sensor depends on the current position of the armature.

[0028] In particular, it can be provided that the actuating unit has a total maximum diameter of at most 90 mm, at most 100 mm, at most 150 mm, at most 250 mm, at most 300 mm or at most 500 mm. This has proven to be advantageous for typical applications. In particular, this may be related to the radius of the magnetic coil. The actuating unit may also relate to the outermost element compared to the center axis of the magnetic coil. In particular, the embodiments described herein can be used in combination with solenoids. In particular, they can be used in combination with a drive train, for example an electric drive train or a conventional axle drive. For example, depending on the vehicle structure, components of an electric motor or an all-wheel drive can be coupled to the drive train or decoupled / disengaged from the drive train. As a result, losses in the drive train can be reduced.

[0029] For example, the air gap provided for the armature may be at least 2 mm or at least 3 mm and / or at most 4 mm or at most 5 mm, in particular 3 mm or 4 mm. This has proven to be advantageous for typical applications. In particular, this may be related to the difference between the above-mentioned first position and the above-mentioned second position. In particular, these positions may correspond to the end positions of the movement of the armature.

[0030] In particular, the magnetic field generator may be a permanent magnet. Alternatively, an electromagnet may also be used.

[0031] In particular, an anti-sticking disk may be arranged between the armature and the yoke. Thus, it is possible to prevent the armature from being obstructed when being removed from the yoke. In particular, such an anti-sticking disk may be used for magnetic separation.

[0032] In particular, it can be provided that, with the embodiments provided herein, the load-bearing bearing seats in the transmission cannot break. As a result, the load-bearing capacity and running accuracy are not impaired. In particular, the embodiments described herein can be used for a transmission output shaft. However, for example, it can also be used for a transmission shaft.

[0033] In particular, direct actuation in the transmission enables a compact design with both technical and commercial advantages. Thus, complex hydraulic actuation via valves, pumps and pipes can be omitted. This also applies to mechanical actuation from the outside, which is usually accompanied by geometrically complex components for achieving the movement.

[0034] Since the sensor is integrated directly into the magnetic actuator, in particular another sealing point can be omitted, which makes the entire system more robust. In addition, here, assembly is generally simplified and thus the sensitivity to errors is also reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 shows an exploded view of the electromagnet,

[0037] Figure 2 shows the electromagnet in an assembled state, and

[0038] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of an electromagnet is shown.

[0039] Reference numerals list

[0040] 100: Electromagnet

[0041] 105: Actuation unit

[0042] 110: Yoke

[0043] 120: Anti-stick disc

[0044] 130: Armature

[0045] 132: radial inner section

[0046] 134: radial outer section

[0047] 136: Air Gap

[0048] 140: Magnetic coil

[0049] 142: Central axis

[0050] 150: Magnetic body

[0051] 152: Ring section

[0052] 154: Disc-shaped section

[0053] 160: Tube

[0054] 170: Interface components

[0055] 172: Magnetic Field Generator

[0056] 174: First protrusion

[0057] 176: Second protrusion

[0058] 180: Sensor support

[0059] 200: Shell

[0060] 210: Electrical connector

[0061] 220: Seals

[0062] 230: Slender protrusion

[0063] 240: Magnetic field sensor

[0064] 250: Connection line

[0065] 300: Plug DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] Figure 1 The electromagnet 100 is only schematically shown in an exploded view. The electromagnet 100 is closed on one side by a yoke 110. An anti-stick disc 120 for providing magnetic separation is arranged to engage directly thereon.

[0067] The electromagnet 100 includes an armature 130. Figure 3 Explained in more detail, this is achieved so as to be axially movable.

[0068] The electromagnet 100 comprises a magnetic coil 140. This is used to generate a magnetic field when energized, thereby moving the armature 130. In the assembled state, the magnetic coil 140 is arranged on the radially outer side of the armature 130 and is spaced apart from the armature 130.

[0069] The electromagnet 100 comprises a magnetic body 150. This is formed of a magnetic material, for example of iron. The magnetic body 150 comprises an annular section 152 and a disc-shaped section 154, which is arranged radially inwardly compared thereto. As will be explained in more detail below, this is used for magnetic shielding. Therefore, the magnetic body 150 is a magnetic shielding element.

[0070] The electromagnet 100 further comprises a tube 160. This is connected to the armature 130 so that it is rotationally fixed and is fixed against axial displacement so that it can be used for force transmission. The tube 160 abuts against the outside of the disk-shaped section 154 of the magnetic body 150. Thus, the armature 130 is guided and stabilized via the tube 160.

[0071] On the side opposite to the yoke 110, the electromagnet 100 comprises an interface element 170. This is connected to the tube 160, so that it is rotationally fixed and is fixed against axial displacement. Therefore, in particular, it can be provided that the interface element 170 is mounted by the tube 160. For example, it can realize and release the connection with the rotary drive element in the manner described elsewhere herein, in particular depending on the position of the armature 130. Therefore, the connection can be activated or deactivated by an axial displacement of the armature 130. Instead of a rigid embodiment fixed against axial displacement, the interface element 170 can also support itself on the plane of the armature 130 without being rigidly connected to the armature 130. Here, in particular, a clearance fit can be achieved. The pressure applied to the interface element 170 in the direction towards the armature 130 can ensure a movement running in the same direction of the interface element 170 and the armature 130. In particular, this pressure can be generated by a spring (not shown). A magnetic field generator 172 is arranged in the interface element 170, the function of which will be described in more detail below.

[0072] A sensor support 180 used to increase mechanical stability is fastened to the magnetic body 150 . This will be described in more detail below. Alternatively, for example, the sensor support 180 may be fastened to the magnetic coil 140 .

[0073] The electromagnet 100 comprises a housing 200. This is fastened to the magnetic coil 140 located on the radial outside of the magnetic coil 140, ie in particular on the outside of a section along the circumference of the magnetic coil 140. An electrical connector 210 for arranging a seal 220 on its outside is attached to the housing 200. In the present case, the electrical connector 210 is implemented as a socket. This enables a plug (not shown) to be inserted for electrical contact with the existing electrical components, in particular the magnetic coil 140 and the magnetic field sensor, which will still be described below. An elongated protrusion 230 is arranged on the housing 200, which extends from a region of the housing 200 having a larger cross section parallel to the central axis of the magnetic coil 140. The elongated protrusion 230 is engaged in the sensor support 180 so that the elongated protrusion 230 is mechanically stabilized. In addition, the housing 200 is therefore protected from contamination in the region of the protrusion 230 or at its end engaged with the sensor support 180.

[0074] The housing 200 with the components contained therein, together with the magnetic coil 140 , the magnetic body 150 and the sensor support 180 form the actuation unit 105 .

[0075] Figure 1Also shown is a plug 300 which is not associated with the electromagnet 100 and is plugged into the electrical connection 210. The plug 300 can be an electrical connection or, for example, a transport protection device. In principle, the plug 300 can be removed from the electrical connection 210. For example, the plug 300 can be connected to a cable in order to contact electrical components present in the electromagnet 100.

[0076] Figure 2 The electromagnet 100 is shown in an assembled state. Figure 1 The description already given in .

[0077] Figure 2 Also shown in FIG. 1 is a center axis 142 of the magnetic coil 140. It forms an axis of symmetry of the magnetic coil 140 and defines an axial extension.

[0078] Already referred to Figure 1 The plug 300 described is also Figure 2 and also in Figure 3 In particular, it can be used as a transport protection device.

[0079] Figure 3 The electromagnet 100 is shown in a cross-sectional view. In principle, with regard to the components, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Describe it.

[0080] Here, the armature 130 is divided into a radially inner section 132 and a radially outer section 134. Figure 3 In the illustration of , the radially outer section 134 only partially overlaps the radially inner section 132 axially and extends further to the left than the radially inner section 32. As shown, the radially outer section 134 is engaged around the tube 160. The interface element 170 is clamped in the tube 160 on its radial inner side.

[0081] As shown in the figure, the magnetic coil 140 is arranged on the radially outer side of the armature 130. Therefore, it allows the armature 130 to move axially by the generated magnetic field. For this purpose, the air gap 136 is provided adjacent to the armature 130 as a movement space. Figure 3 In the illustration shown in , it is in a position that is always moved to the right and can be moved to the left from this position.

[0082] As shown, the magnetic field sensor 240 is arranged in the elongated protrusion 230 of the housing 200. Compared with the electrical connector 210, this is located at the opposite end. A set of connecting wires 250 are used to connect the magnetic field sensor 240, which are engaged around the outside of the magnetic body 150 and are only partially shown here, but extend to the electrical connector 210 in principle. This allows electrical contact of the magnetic field sensor 240. In this case, the magnetic field sensor 240 is designed as a typical Hall sensor. As shown, the disk-shaped section 154 of the magnetic body 150 is located between the magnetic field sensor 240 and the magnetic coil 140. This allows the magnetic field generated by the magnetic coil 140 to be shielded relative to the magnetic field sensor 240, thereby minimizing the influence of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic coil 140 on the magnetic field measurement.

[0083] The above-mentioned magnetic field generator 172 is arranged in the interface element 170. The magnetic field generator 172 is designed as a permanent magnet and is located directly on the radial inner side of the magnetic field sensor 240. In particular, the magnetic field sensor 240 is able to measure the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generator 172. Since the magnetic field generator 172 is connected to the armature 130, it is fixed to prevent axial displacement, which makes it possible to accurately determine the position of the armature 130. By means of an embodiment integrated in the housing 200, the circuit expenditure is minimized and there is no need to drill additional holes or guide additional connecting wires. In particular, a particularly stable, compact and easy-to-handle structure is produced thereby.

[0084] like Figure 3 As can be seen in FIG. 1 , the sensor support 180 is stabilized Figure 3 The left end of the housing 200 is located in the middle. In addition, the interface element 170 and the sensor support 180 are conveniently implemented so that the interface element 170 and the magnetic field generator 172 are torsionally locked. Therefore, the magnetic field generator 172 maintains a positional orientation relative to the magnetic field sensor 240. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As can be seen in FIG, the interface element 170 comprises for this purpose two projections 174, 176 which abut laterally against the sensor support. The projections 174, 176 prevent the annular interface element 170 from twisting. Alternatively, the twist lock can be achieved, for example, by providing a longitudinal groove in the sensor support 180 and providing an elongated projection engaging therewith on the interface element 170, or vice versa.

[0085] As mentioned above, the armature 130 is axially displaceable. Therefore, the interface element 170 is also axially displaceable. In a typical embodiment of the drive element, a shaft (not shown) passes through the armature 130 and the interface element 170. The element can be connected thereto in a rotationally fixed but axially displaceable manner, and the element can be displaced by the interface element 170. Figure 3In the state of the armature 130 shown in FIG, the element connected to the shaft is usually disengaged from the rotation drive element. However, if the electromagnetic coil 140 is energized and the armature 130 is thus moved to the left, the element connected to the shaft is engaged with the rotation drive element, wherein the rotational motion can be transmitted between the shaft and the rotation drive element.

[0086] A return spring (not shown) may be provided to Figure 3 In the state shown in FIG, the armature 130 and the components connected thereto are prestressed.

[0087] The present invention is not limited to one of the above-described embodiments but may be modified in various ways.

[0088] All features and advantages arising from the claims, the description and the drawings, including design details, spatial arrangements and method steps, are essential to the invention per se and in obviously different combinations.

Claims

1. An actuating unit (105) for an electromagnet (100), for actuating an annular armature (130) not associated with the actuating unit (105), wherein: The actuation unit (105) comprises the following components: A magnetic coil (140), wherein the magnetic coil is designed to be ring-shaped. a housing (200) attached to the magnetic coil (140) on a radially outer side, and A magnetic field sensor (240) is fastened and integrated in the housing (200).

2. The actuation unit (105) according to claim 1, in, The magnetic field sensor (240) is arranged to be axially spaced apart from the magnetic coil (140).

3. An actuation unit (105) according to any one of the preceding claims, in, A shielding magnetic material and / or a magnetic body (150) for magnetically shielding the magnetic field sensor (240) relative to the magnetic coil (140) is arranged between the magnetic field sensor (240) and the magnetic coil (140).

4. The actuation unit (105) according to claim 3, The actuation unit comprises one or more connection wires (250) of the magnetic field sensor (240), which are arranged radially outside the shielding magnetic material and / or are engaged around the shielding magnetic material.

5. An actuation unit (105) according to any one of the preceding claims, in, An electrical connection (210) for connecting a plug (300) is formed in the housing (200), wherein the electrical connection (210) is connected to the magnetic coil (140) and to the magnetic field sensor (240).

6. The actuation unit (105) according to claim 5, in, The electrical connector (210) is arranged in the housing (200) at a longitudinal end opposite to the magnetic field sensor (240).

7. An actuation unit (105) according to any one of the preceding claims, in, The housing (200) comprises an elongated protrusion (230) in which the magnetic field sensor (240) is arranged.

8. The actuation unit (105) according to claim 7, in, The elongated protrusion (230) is arranged parallel to, or at least substantially parallel to, the central axis (142) of the magnetic coil (140).

9. An actuation unit (105) according to claim 3 and claim 7 or 8, The actuation unit comprises a sensor support (180) which is fastened to the shielding magnetic material and / or the magnetic body (150) and / or the magnetic coil (140) and is mechanically fixedly connected to the end of the elongated protrusion (230) on which the magnetic field sensor (240) is arranged.

10. The actuation unit (105) according to claim 9, in, The sensor support (180) fully or partially engages around the one end of the elongated protrusion (230) and protects it from contamination.

11. Actuation unit (105) according to any one of the preceding claims, The actuation unit comprises one or more connecting wires of the magnetic coil (140), which are guided in the housing (200) and / or connected to the connecting element (210).

12. An electromagnet (100) for controlling a coupling state between a shaft not associated with the electromagnet (100) and a rotating drive element not associated with the electromagnet (100), wherein: The electromagnet (100) comprises the following components: an annular armature (130) designed to surround the shaft over a section of the shaft, and The actuation unit (105) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the electromagnetic coil (140) of the actuation unit (105) is arranged on a radially outer side of the armature (130).

13. The electromagnet (100) according to claim 12, The electromagnet comprises a magnetic field generator (172) which generates a measuring magnetic field and is attached to the armature (130) or to an element connected to the armature (30), whereby the magnetic field generator is fixed against axial displacement, in, The magnetic field generator (172) is arranged adjacent to the magnetic field sensor (240) in at least one position of the armature (130), and / or the magnetic field generator (172) is arranged such that in at least one position of the armature (130), the measurement magnetic field can be detected by the magnetic field sensor (240).

14. The electromagnet (100) according to claim 13, The electromagnet comprises an interface element (170) which is fastened to the armature (130) so that it is secured against axial displacement or it abuts against the armature (130) and is pretensioned against the armature (130), in, The magnetic field generator (172) is arranged in the interface element (170) and / or is fastened to the interface element (170) and is thus secured against axial displacement.

15. The electromagnet (100) according to claim 13, in, The actuation unit (105) comprises a sensor support (180) which is connected in a mechanically fixed manner to the end of the elongated protrusion (230) at which the magnetic field sensor (240) is arranged, and Therein, the sensor support (180) represents a torsion lock for the interface element (172).

16. The electromagnet (100) according to claim 15, in, The interface element (170) comprises a first protrusion (174) and a second protrusion (176), which abut laterally against the sensor support (180) and thus achieve a torsional lock.

17. The electromagnet (100) according to any one of claims 12 to 16, The electromagnet comprises a tube (160) fixedly connected to the armature (130) and used for mounting the armature (130) in an outer housing or magnetic body (150) and / or for mounting an interface element (170) inside the tube (160).

18. A driving unit, comprising: axis, and The electromagnet (100) according to any one of claims 12 to 17, The armature (130) of the electromagnet (100) is arranged on the radially outer side of the shaft and is axially displaceable relative to the shaft.

19. The drive unit according to claim 18, in, In every possible position of the armature (130), the shaft and the armature (130) are spaced apart from each other.

20. A drive unit according to claim 18 or 19, The drive unit comprises a rotational drive element, the drive element comprising a first contact surface, in, The armature (130) or an element connected to the armature (130) and thereby fixed against axial displacement comprises a second contact surface, wherein, in a first position of the armature (130), the first contact surface engages with the second contact surface, and Wherein, in the second position of the armature (130), the second contact surface is spaced apart from the first contact surface.

21. The drive unit according to claim 20, The drive unit comprises a return spring which is designed to pre-tension the armature (130) in the second position.

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