Terahertz wireless communication device and method based on superconducting SIS coherent reception

Abstract

The invention discloses a terahertz wireless communication device and method based on superconducting SIS coherent reception, and belongs to the technical field of terahertz communication. The transmitting system comprises a signal modulation processing assembly, a transmitter assembly and a terahertz transmitting antenna assembly. The transmitter assembly is used for converting the signal processed by the signal modulation processing assembly to a required terahertz frequency band, so that the terahertz transmitting antenna assembly can perform outward directional transmission; the receiving system comprises a terahertz receiving antenna assembly, a superconducting receiving assembly, a normal-temperature intermediate-frequency assembly and a signal demodulation processing assembly; the terahertz receiving antenna assembly receives a signal, performs coherent mixing on a communication signal through the superconducting receiving assembly, and outputs an intermediate frequency signal; and the normal-temperature intermediate-frequency assembly amplifies and filters the output intermediate-frequency signal, and demodulates and post-processes the intermediate-frequency signal through the signal demodulation processing assembly. According to the invention, long-distance high-speed communication with high-capacity data more than kilometer level can be realized in the terahertz frequency band.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of terahertz communication, and in particular relates to a terahertz wireless communication device and method based on superconducting SIS coherent reception. Background Art

[0002] The terahertz band (THz) is usually defined as electromagnetic waves with frequencies between 0.1 and 10 THz. Its frequency is between microwaves and infrared. It has both electronic and photonic characteristics, and has the characteristics of wide bandwidth coverage, low photon energy, and good penetration.

[0003] As a traditional wireless communication, microwave communication is mainly concentrated below 100GHz. With the increasing demand for wireless communication, traditional wireless communication is facing the contradiction between the increasingly scarce spectrum resources and the sharp increase in high-speed business demand. The traditional spectrum resources are almost exhausted, which further limits the application and expansion of traditional wireless communication technology. In recent years, with the rapid development of terahertz technology, terahertz wireless communication technology has also achieved rapid development. Compared with traditional microwave wireless communication, terahertz wireless communication has a higher working frequency band, higher information transmission capacity under the same relative bandwidth, and has the ability to effectively penetrate the plasma "black barrier", and is easier to achieve miniaturization. It is considered to be one of the most effective technical means for real-time wireless transmission of large-capacity data. In particular, in terms of the application needs of space-based information technology, facing the severe challenges of massive data transmission and landing in space, terahertz wireless communication technology is an important technical means to solve the problem of massive data transmission and landing in space in the future.

[0004] Generally, terahertz wireless communication devices mainly include two parts: the transmitter and receiver of terahertz communication signals. At the terahertz communication transmitting end, there are several types of modulation, such as all-electronic terahertz signal modulation, optoelectronic hybrid terahertz wave modulation and all-optical terahertz wave modulation, for modulation and transmission of terahertz communication signals; at the terahertz communication receiving end, there are mainly coherent mixing detection demodulation and direct detection demodulation modes for receiving and processing terahertz communication signals. In the high-speed and long-distance transmission of large-capacity data in the terahertz frequency band, the terahertz signal is strongly absorbed by the atmospheric gas molecules (water vapor, oxygen, etc.) due to the interaction between the terahertz signal and the gas molecules in the atmosphere (water vapor, oxygen, etc.), and the serious attenuation caused by the diffusion loss in free space transmission, etc., the transmitting end is required to have the performance of high transmission rate and high transmission power, and the receiving end is required to have high-sensitivity detection and reception and broadband processing capabilities. In current terahertz wireless communication devices, the terahertz signal source used for signal modulation and transmission is difficult to achieve high-power transmission due to the limitation of technological development bottlenecks. The receiving end uses traditional room-temperature Schottky or semiconductor detectors for reception, which are limited by the characteristics of low detection sensitivity (noise temperature is in the order of thousands of K) and high local oscillator signal source power (tens or even hundreds of milliwatts). In addition, as the working frequency band increases, the detection sensitivity decreases rapidly. The higher the requirement for the transmission signal power, the application of high transmission rate (tens of Gbps or more) and long-distance communication (kilometer level or more) in higher frequency bands with more spectrum resources is severely restricted in many aspects and difficult to achieve, especially in terahertz wireless communication applications for long-distance and large-capacity data transmission between space-based and ground-based. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a terahertz wireless communication device and method based on superconducting SIS coherent reception, which can realize long-distance high-speed communication of large-capacity data at the kilometer level or above in the terahertz frequency band.

[0006] The present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, a terahertz wireless communication device based on superconducting SIS coherent reception is provided, comprising a transmitting system and a receiving system;

[0008] The transmitting system comprises: a signal modulation processing component, a transmitter component and a terahertz transmitting antenna component; the signal modulation processing component is used to pre-process and modulate the signal or communication data to be transmitted; the transmitter component is used to convert the modulated signal to the required terahertz frequency band; the terahertz transmitting antenna component transmits the communication signal converted to the terahertz frequency band in a directionally manner to the outside;

[0009] The receiving system includes: a terahertz receiving antenna component, a superconducting receiving component, a room-temperature intermediate frequency component and a signal demodulation processing component; the terahertz receiving antenna component receives a communication signal from a transmitting system; the superconducting receiving component performs high-sensitivity reception and coherent mixing on the communication signal, and outputs a low-noise amplified intermediate frequency signal; the room-temperature intermediate frequency component amplifies and filters the output intermediate frequency signal; the signal demodulation processing component demodulates and post-processes the amplified and filtered intermediate frequency signal.

[0010] Optionally, the transmitter component includes: an up-converter and a first terahertz frequency band local oscillator signal source; the first terahertz frequency band local oscillator signal source generates a first local oscillator signal; the up-converter is used to mix the first local oscillator signal and the modulation signal, and frequency convert and select the mixed signal to output a communication signal in the required terahertz frequency band.

[0011] Optionally, the superconducting receiving component includes: a superconducting SIS mixer, a second terahertz nuclear magnetic frequency band local oscillator signal source, a broadband low-noise amplifier and a low-temperature refrigeration unit; the low-temperature refrigeration unit provides an extremely low temperature working environment for the superconducting SIS mixer and the broadband low-noise amplifier; the second terahertz nuclear magnetic frequency band local oscillator signal source generates a second local oscillator signal; the second local oscillator signal is coupled with the communication signal received by the terahertz receiving antenna component and fed into the superconducting SIS mixer; the superconducting SIS mixer performs coherent mixing on the fed signal and outputs an intermediate frequency signal; the broadband low-noise amplifier is used to perform a first-stage low-noise amplification on the intermediate frequency signal and then output it.

[0012] Optionally, the superconducting SIS mixer includes a superconducting SIS tunnel junction and an insulating layer covering the outside of the superconducting SIS tunnel junction; the superconducting SIS tunnel junction includes a first layer of superconductor, a barrier layer, a second layer of superconductor and a substrate stacked in sequence from top to bottom; the material of the first layer of superconductor and the second layer of superconductor is niobium nitride; the material of the substrate is magnesium oxide; the material of the barrier layer is aluminum nitride; the material of the insulating layer is silicon oxide or magnesium oxide.

[0013] Optionally, the intermediate frequency signal output by the superconducting SIS mixer is output to a broadband low noise amplifier after the impedance is changed by an impedance converter.

[0014] Optionally, the terahertz transmitting antenna assembly and the terahertz receiving antenna assembly are both terahertz antennas using a Cassegrain structure.

[0015] Optionally, the signal modulation processing component includes a signal preprocessor and a modulator; the signal preprocessor is used to preprocess the signal to be transmitted or communication data; the modulator is used to modulate and channel encode the preprocessed signal.

[0016] Optionally, the room temperature intermediate frequency component includes a broadband amplifier and a filter; the broadband amplifier is used to perform a second-stage low-noise amplification on the intermediate frequency signal output by the superconducting receiving component, and the filter filters the intermediate frequency signal after the second-stage low-noise amplification.

[0017] Optionally, the signal demodulation processing component includes a demodulator and a signal post-processor; the demodulator is used to reversely demodulate the intermediate frequency signal after amplification and filtering; the signal post-processor is used to reformat the data format, store the signal or perform quick viewing on the demodulated signal.

[0018] In a second aspect, a terahertz wireless communication method based on superconducting SIS coherent reception is provided, comprising:

[0019] Preprocessing and modulating the signal or communication data to be sent;

[0020] Convert the modulated signal to the required terahertz frequency band;

[0021] The communication signal converted to the terahertz frequency band is transmitted outward in a directional manner;

[0022] receiving communication signals from a transmitting system;

[0023] Perform high-sensitivity reception and coherent mixing on the received communication signal, and output the intermediate frequency signal after low-noise amplification;

[0024] Amplify and filter the output low-noise amplified intermediate frequency signal;

[0025] The amplified and filtered intermediate frequency signal is demodulated and post-processed.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of conventional terahertz wireless communication devices that use room temperature Schottky frequency mixing for reception, which is limited by the reception sensitivity (noise temperature of the order of 1,000 K), and it is difficult for all-electronic wireless to achieve long-distance transmission. The present invention uses a tunnel junction coherent frequency mixing receiver made of low-temperature superconducting materials. Because of its close-to-quantum limit sensitivity (e.g., the system noise temperature of the 500 GHz frequency band is of the order of 100 K), combined with the modulation and transmission of all-electronic coherent frequency mixing, it achieves long-distance (kilometer-level) wireless reception of ultra-wideband, extremely weak (up to tens of microwatts) terahertz signals.

[0028] (2) The present invention has the characteristics of ultra-wide radio frequency bandwidth (relative bandwidth of more than 20%, the radio frequency bandwidth in the 500GHz band can reach 100GHz) and ultra-wide intermediate frequency processing bandwidth (the widest can reach 20GHz). It can not only achieve ultra-wide (tens to hundreds of GHz) terahertz communication spectrum coverage, but also realize high-speed and large-capacity data transmission (more than 100Gbps) brought by ultra-wide intermediate frequency processing capabilities.

[0029] (3) The present invention greatly reduces the output power requirement of the transmitter (by more than one order of magnitude), thereby simplifying the modulation and transmission components of the transmitter, making the long-distance communication application of the all-electronic modulation and transmission technology of the transmitter a reality, and further expanding the application of terahertz wireless communication devices in large-data capacity terahertz wireless communications between space-based and ground-based devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the terahertz wireless communication device based on superconducting SIS coherent reception of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a working circuit diagram of the superconducting SIS mixer of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structural cross section of the superconducting SIS tunnel junction of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure, 1 is the first layer of superconductor, 2 is the barrier layer, 3 is the second layer of superconductor, 4 is the substrate, and 5 is the insulating layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the term "comprising" and any variation thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] like Figure 1As shown, a terahertz wireless communication device based on superconducting SIS coherent reception is provided, including a transmitting system and a receiving system; the transmitting system and the receiving system are separated by a kilometer-level distance.

[0038] The transmitting system includes: a signal modulation and processing component, a transmitter component and a terahertz transmitting antenna component; the signal modulation and processing component is used to pre-process and modulate the signal or communication data to be transmitted; the transmitter component is used to convert the modulated signal to the required terahertz frequency band; the terahertz transmitting antenna component transmits the communication signal converted to the terahertz frequency band in a directionally manner.

[0039] Specifically, the signal modulation processing component includes a signal preprocessor and a modulator; the signal preprocessor is used to preprocess the signal to be sent or the communication data; as an option, the preprocessing includes image recording or data packaging, etc.; the modulator is used to modulate and channel encode the preprocessed signal.

[0040] The transmitter component includes: an up-converter and a first terahertz frequency band local oscillator signal source; the first terahertz frequency band local oscillator signal source generates a first local oscillator signal; the up-converter is used to mix the first local oscillator signal and the modulation signal, and frequency convert and select the mixed signal to output a communication signal in the required terahertz frequency band; specifically, the required terahertz frequency band is mainly an atmospheric window frequency band with high atmospheric transmittance such as 230GHz, 345GHz, 460GHz, etc.

[0041] The receiving system includes: a terahertz receiving antenna component, a superconducting receiving component, a room-temperature intermediate frequency component and a signal demodulation processing component; the terahertz receiving antenna component receives the communication signal from the transmitting system; the superconducting receiving component performs high-sensitivity reception and coherent mixing of the communication signal, and outputs a low-noise amplified intermediate frequency signal; the room-temperature intermediate frequency component amplifies and filters the output intermediate frequency signal; the signal demodulation processing component demodulates and post-processes the amplified and filtered intermediate frequency signal.

[0042] Both the terahertz receiving antenna assembly and the terahertz transmitting antenna assembly adopt a terahertz antenna with a Cassegrain structure. The terahertz antenna with a Cassegrain structure has a simple structure and good directivity.

[0043] The superconducting receiving component includes: a superconducting SIS mixer, a second terahertz nuclear magnetic frequency band local oscillator signal source, a broadband low-noise amplifier and a low-temperature refrigeration unit; the low-temperature refrigeration unit provides an extremely low temperature working environment for the superconducting SIS mixer and the broadband low-noise amplifier; the extremely low temperature is below -248.59°C; the structure of the low-temperature refrigeration unit can refer to the existing technology; the second terahertz nuclear magnetic frequency band local oscillator signal source generates a second local oscillator signal; the second local oscillator signal is coupled with the communication signal received by the terahertz receiving antenna component and fed into the superconducting SIS mixer; the superconducting SIS mixer performs coherent mixing on the fed signal and outputs an intermediate frequency signal; the broadband low-noise amplifier is used to perform the first stage low-noise amplification on the intermediate frequency signal and then output it.

[0044] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the superconducting SIS mixer includes but is not limited to a superconducting SIS tunnel junction and an insulating layer 5, the insulating layer 5 covers the outside of the superconducting SIS tunnel junction, and the superconducting SIS tunnel junction includes a first layer of superconductor 1, a barrier layer 2, a second layer of superconductor 3 and a substrate 4 stacked in sequence from top to bottom; the material of the first layer of superconductor 1 and the second layer of superconductor 3 is niobium nitride; the material of the substrate 4 is magnesium oxide; the material of the insulating layer 5 is magnesium oxide or silicon oxide; the material of the barrier layer 2 is aluminum nitride; the barrier layer 2 of aluminum nitride is used to match the shorter coherence length of niobium nitride to achieve a broadband RF bandwidth of the superconducting SIS mixer, and selecting silicon oxide (SiO) or magnesium oxide (MgO) as the material of the insulating layer 5 and selecting MgO as the substrate 4 can reduce transmission loss, improve lattice matching, and ensure that the superconducting SIS mixer detects high sensitivity of superconductivity (noise performance close to the quantum limit).

[0045] The intermediate frequency signal output by the superconducting SIS mixer undergoes impedance change through an impedance converter and is then output to a broadband low-noise amplifier. That is, the intermediate frequency signal output by the superconducting SIS mixer enters an impedance converter with a specific length and width design and undergoes impedance transformation to 50 ohms, achieving good impedance matching with the back-end low-temperature and low-noise circuit, thereby making full use of the ultra-wide intermediate frequency bandwidth characteristics of the superconducting SIS mixer (up to 20 GHz).

[0046] Superconducting SIS mixers have ultra-high detection sensitivity characteristics close to the quantum limit in the terahertz frequency band (0.1-1THz frequency band) (e.g., the noise stability in the 500GHz frequency band is only about 100K), which can achieve extremely weak (tens of microwatts) terahertz communication signal reception. The ultra-high sensitivity detection capability of superconducting SIS mixers can greatly increase the terahertz communication distance (kilometers and above), making terahertz wireless communication between space-based and ground-based possible, and greatly reduce the output power requirements of the transmitter (more than an order of magnitude), making the miniaturization and portability of all-electronic modulation transmitters a reality. The terahertz communication device adopts the coherent reception method of the superconducting SIS mixer, which can make full use of its ultra-wide RF reception characteristics (relative bandwidth of more than 20%, such as in the 500GHz band, the RF bandwidth is 100GHz) and ultra-wide intermediate frequency output characteristics (up to 20GHz). The working frequency band of a single coherent detector can achieve ultra-wide (tens to hundreds of GHz) terahertz communication spectrum coverage while realizing high-speed and large-capacity data transmission (more than 100Gbps) brought by ultra-wide intermediate frequency processing capabilities.

[0047] The room temperature intermediate frequency component includes a broadband amplifier and a filter; the broadband amplifier is used to perform a second-stage low-noise amplification on the intermediate frequency signal output by the superconducting receiving component, and the filter filters the intermediate frequency signal after the second-stage low-noise amplification; the structure of the broadband amplifier and the filter can refer to the existing technology, and the setting of the room temperature intermediate frequency component can match the bandwidth and power level required by the subsequent signal demodulation processing component.

[0048] The signal demodulation processing component includes a demodulator and a signal post-processor; the demodulator is used to reversely demodulate the intermediate frequency signal after amplification and filtering; the signal post-processor is used to reformat the data format, store the signal or perform quick viewing on the demodulated signal.

[0049] The transmitting system converts the low-frequency modulated communication signal to the terahertz frequency band through a frequency converter. On the one hand, it can correspond to the coherent mixing reception of the superconducting high-sensitivity superconducting SIS at the receiving end, and at the same time, it combines broadband terahertz up-conversion technology to achieve large-capacity data terahertz transmission. Compared with directly modulating the baseband signal at the terahertz signal source, this modulation signal transmission mode using coherent frequency conversion can obtain a more stable terahertz communication signal output with a higher signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, the transmitting system uses all-electronic terahertz signal modulation and transmission technology. Compared with optoelectronic hybrid terahertz wave modulation or all-optical terahertz wave modulation technology, the transmitting system integration is simpler and more miniaturized, so it is more portable and suitable for ground-based field or space-based satellite applications.

[0050] The present application adopts a superconducting SIS mixer, which has a sensitivity close to the quantum limit (such as the system noise temperature of 100K in the 500GHz frequency band, and the minimum detectable signal is 2.8pW with a 2GHz intermediate frequency processing bandwidth), and combines the modulation and transmission components of all-electronic coherent mixing, so as to realize the long-distance (kilometer level and above) wireless reception of extremely weak (tens of microwatts) terahertz signals; at the same time, the superconducting SIS mixer of the present application has both ultra-wide RF bandwidth (more than 20% relative bandwidth, the RF bandwidth of 500GHz frequency band can reach 100GHz) and ultra-wide intermediate frequency processing bandwidth (up to 20GHz) The working frequency band of a single coherent detector can achieve ultra-wide (tens to hundreds of GHz) terahertz communication spectrum coverage while realizing high-speed and large-capacity data transmission (above 100Gbps) brought by ultra-wide intermediate frequency processing capabilities; in addition, superconducting SIS mixing coherent reception greatly reduces the output power requirements of the transmission system (more than an order of magnitude), thereby simplifying the modulation, transmission and other components of the transmission system, making the long-distance communication application of the transmission system's all-electronic modulation and transmission technology a reality, and further expanding the application of terahertz wireless communication devices in large-data capacity terahertz wireless communications between space-based and ground-based systems.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] An example of a wireless communication device with real-time video kilometer-level 500GHz frequency band is provided.

[0053] The transmitting system and the receiving system are placed on the ground more than 1 km apart, and there is a certain height difference between the two grounds (about 200m or more) to facilitate the adjustment of the direction of the terahertz receiving antenna component of the receiving system.

[0054] In the transmission system, the signal preprocessor of the signal modulation processing component uses a 4K frame rate high-definition video recorder to record real-time video image data, and transmits the real-time image data to the modulator for encoding and modulation to form a modulated signal in the 5.84GHz microwave band.

[0055] In the transmitter component, the first terahertz nuclear magnetic frequency band local oscillator signal source uses a 20.3 GHz microwave reference source, combined with a solid-state signal source with frequency doubling amplification to generate a 487.2 GHz terahertz local oscillator signal, and the up-converter up-converts the 5.84 GHz modulation to 481.36 GHz. The terahertz transmitting antenna component couples the terahertz communication signal and transmits it directionally into free space, with a transmission power of approximately 15 microwatts.

[0056] In the receiving system, the terahertz receiving antenna component adjusts the antenna direction to align it with the transmitting direction of the terahertz transmitting antenna component of the transmitting system, so as to efficiently receive the terahertz communication signal from the transmitting end and transmit the coupled feed into the superconducting receiving component.

[0057] The superconducting SIS mixer and broadband low-noise amplifier of the superconducting receiving component operate in an extremely low temperature (4K) operating temperature zone. The superconducting SIS mixer has a detection sensitive noise temperature of 100K in the 500GHz frequency band (based on an intermediate frequency processing bandwidth of 2GH, corresponding to a minimum detectable signal power of 2.8pW), while the broadband low-noise amplifier has a baseband bandwidth of 2GHz and a gain of more than 30dB.

[0058] The local oscillator signal source in the second terahertz nuclear magnetic frequency band adopts a solid-state terahertz signal source similar to the transmitter component of the transmission system, and sets the output frequency of the local oscillator signal source to 482.9 GHz. It performs coherent mixing with the superconducting SIS mixer to generate an intermediate frequency signal, which is then amplified by the first stage of the broadband low-noise amplifier and then output.

[0059] The output intermediate frequency signal is further amplified, filtered and frequency-converted twice in the room temperature intermediate frequency processing component to form a 5.83 GHz microwave signal to be demodulated.

[0060] In the signal demodulation processing component, the demodulator reversely demodulates the 5.83GHz signal to be demodulated (relative to the modulator at the transmitting end), restores the video signal at the transmitting end, and then transmits it to the signal post-processor for video processing, and finally displays it in real time on the display terminal.

[0061] In this embodiment, the transmitting system and the receiving system are 1.2 km apart, and the atmospheric water vapor PWV is at the 1mm level. The transmitting system transmits a terahertz real-time video signal with a power of 15 microwatts. After atmospheric absorption and free space transmission loss, the power is reduced to 4pW when received by the terahertz receiving antenna component of the receiving system. The received signal is fed into the superconducting receiver component and is successfully received and coherently mixed by the superconducting SIS mixer with ultra-high detection sensitivity (based on a 2GHz intermediate frequency processing bandwidth, the minimum detectable signal power is micro 2.8pW), realizing the real-time transmission and reception of 4K frame rate high-definition video signals in the terahertz frequency band over a long distance (1.2km).

[0062] Example 3

[0063] A terahertz wireless communication method based on superconducting SIS coherent reception is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0064] Step S1: preprocessing and modulating the signal or communication data to be sent;

[0065] Step S2: converting the modulated signal to the required terahertz frequency band;

[0066] Step S3: transmitting the communication signal converted to the terahertz frequency band in a directionally manner;

[0067] Step S4: receiving a communication signal from a transmitting system;

[0068] Step S5: performing high-sensitivity reception and coherent mixing on the received communication signal, and outputting a low-noise amplified intermediate frequency signal;

[0069] Step S6: amplifying and filtering the output low-noise amplified intermediate frequency signal;

[0070] Step S7: demodulate and post-process the amplified and filtered intermediate frequency signal.

[0071] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0072] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A terahertz wireless communication device based on superconducting SIS coherent reception, characterized in that: Including transmitting system and receiving system; The transmitting system comprises: a signal modulation processing component, a transmitter component and a terahertz transmitting antenna component; the signal modulation processing component is used to pre-process and modulate the signal or communication data to be transmitted; the transmitter component is used to convert the modulated signal to the required terahertz frequency band; the terahertz transmitting antenna component transmits the communication signal converted to the terahertz frequency band in a directionally manner to the outside; The receiving system includes: a terahertz receiving antenna component, a superconducting receiving component, a room-temperature intermediate frequency component and a signal demodulation processing component; the terahertz receiving antenna component receives a communication signal from a transmitting system; the superconducting receiving component performs high-sensitivity reception and coherent mixing on the communication signal, and outputs a low-noise amplified intermediate frequency signal; the room-temperature intermediate frequency component amplifies and filters the output intermediate frequency signal; the signal demodulation processing component demodulates and post-processes the amplified and filtered intermediate frequency signal.

2. The terahertz wireless communication device based on superconducting SIS coherent reception according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmitter component includes: an up-converter and a first terahertz frequency band local oscillator signal source; the first terahertz frequency band local oscillator signal source generates a first local oscillator signal; the up-converter is used to mix the first local oscillator signal and the modulation signal, and frequency convert and select the mixed signal to output a communication signal in the required terahertz frequency band.

3. The terahertz wireless communication device based on superconducting SIS coherent reception according to claim 1, characterized in that: The superconducting receiving component includes: a superconducting SIS mixer, a second terahertz nuclear magnetic frequency band local oscillator signal source, a broadband low-noise amplifier and a low-temperature refrigeration unit; the low-temperature refrigeration unit provides an extremely low temperature working environment for the superconducting SIS mixer and the broadband low-noise amplifier; the second terahertz nuclear magnetic frequency band local oscillator signal source generates a second local oscillator signal; the second local oscillator signal is coupled with the communication signal received by the terahertz receiving antenna component and fed into the superconducting SIS mixer; the superconducting SIS mixer performs coherent mixing on the fed signal and outputs an intermediate frequency signal; the broadband low-noise amplifier is used to perform a first-stage low-noise amplification on the intermediate frequency signal and then output it.

4. The terahertz wireless communication device based on superconducting SIS coherent reception according to claim 3, characterized in that: The superconducting SIS mixer comprises a superconducting SIS tunnel junction and an insulating layer (5) covering the outer side of the superconducting SIS tunnel junction; the superconducting SIS tunnel junction comprises a first layer of superconductor (1), a barrier layer (2), a second layer of superconductor (3) and a substrate (4) stacked in sequence from top to bottom; the material of the first layer of superconductor (1) and the second layer of superconductor (3) is niobium nitride; the material of the substrate (4) is magnesium oxide; the material of the barrier layer (2) is aluminum nitride; and the material of the insulating layer (5) is silicon oxide or magnesium oxide.

5. The terahertz wireless communication device based on superconducting SIS coherent reception according to claim 3, characterized in that: The intermediate frequency signal output by the superconducting SIS mixer is output to a broadband low noise amplifier after the impedance is changed by the impedance converter.

6. The terahertz wireless communication device based on superconducting SIS coherent reception according to claim 1, characterized in that: The terahertz transmitting antenna assembly and the terahertz receiving antenna assembly are both terahertz antennas using a Cassegrain structure.

7. The terahertz wireless communication device based on superconducting SIS coherent reception according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal modulation processing component includes a signal preprocessor and a modulator; the signal preprocessor is used to preprocess the signal to be transmitted or communication data; the modulator is used to modulate and channel encode the preprocessed signal.

8. The terahertz wireless communication device based on superconducting SIS coherent reception according to claim 1, characterized in that: The room temperature intermediate frequency component includes a broadband amplifier and a filter; the broadband amplifier is used to perform a second-stage low-noise amplification on the intermediate frequency signal output by the superconducting receiving component, and the filter filters the intermediate frequency signal after the second-stage low-noise amplification.

9. The terahertz wireless communication device based on superconducting SIS coherent reception according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal demodulation processing component includes a demodulator and a signal post-processor; the demodulator is used to reversely demodulate the intermediate frequency signal after amplification and filtering; the signal post-processor is used to reorganize the data format, store the signal or perform quick viewing on the demodulated signal.

10. A terahertz wireless communication method based on superconducting SIS coherent reception, characterized in that: include: Preprocessing and modulating the signal or communication data to be sent; Convert the modulated signal to the required terahertz frequency band; The communication signal converted to the terahertz frequency band is transmitted outward in a directional manner; receiving communication signals from a transmitting system; Perform high-sensitivity reception and coherent mixing on the received communication signal, and output the intermediate frequency signal after low-noise amplification; Amplify and filter the output low-noise amplified intermediate frequency signal; The amplified and filtered intermediate frequency signal is demodulated and post-processed.

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