A method for biological treatment and resource utilization of drilling water-based solid waste in desert areas

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for biological treatment and resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas, belonging to the technical field of oil and gas exploration drilling pollution control. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a biological agent for biological treatment and resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas; uniformly mixing the biological agent with water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas at a weight ratio of 0.1 to 1.0% by weight to obtain a first mixture; adding a nutrient agent accounting for 1 to 5% by weight of the first mixture and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture; transferring the second mixture to a treatment site, controlling the moisture content to 22 to 30%, and treating it at a temperature of 10 to 45°C for 90 to 120 days to obtain greening planting soil; wherein the biological agent is a mixture of equal weight of a bacterial agent and a solid fungal agent. The present invention is suitable for treating sandy water-based drilling solid waste and has a wide treatment temperature range, making it suitable for field environments with medium to low temperatures in desert areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of pollution control in oil and gas exploration drilling, and in particular relates to a method for resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste biologically treated in desert areas. Background Art

[0002] Water-based drilling waste is an inevitable byproduct of conventional oil and gas exploration operations, typically generating 1,300 m³ per well in desert regions. Due to the dispersed nature of drilling operations in deserts, centralized disposal methods such as hauling waste away from the wells pose high costs and environmental risks. On the other hand, water-based solid waste in desert regions has a sandy structure and a good nutrient base of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and organic matter, offering potential for bioremediation and conversion to soil for resource utilization.

[0003] Patents CN112715319B (Polymer-Based Bio-Enhanced Treatment Process for Water-Based Drilling Solid Waste and Greening Soil) and CN112775157B (Sulfonation-Based Bio-Enhanced Treatment Process for Water-Based Drilling Solid Waste and Greening Soil) both disclose the use of microbial technology to transform water-based drilling solid waste into greening soil. However, these methods are used in practice to treat loamy water-based drilling solid waste from the Sichuan and Chongqing regions. CN112775157B requires high-temperature treatment stages and equipment, while CN112715319B's treatment temperature range is relatively narrow, at 15 to 35°C. Given these issues, there is a need for a resource-based method for recycling water-based drilling solid waste that is suitable for sandy water-based drilling solid waste in desert regions and has a wide treatment temperature range, including medium to low temperatures. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for biological treatment and resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas that is suitable for medium and low temperatures.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for biological treatment and resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Preparation of biological agents for biological treatment and resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas;

[0008] The biological agent and water-based drilling solid waste from desert areas are mixed uniformly at a weight ratio of 0.1 to 1.0% wt to obtain a first mixture;

[0009] adding 1 to 5% by weight of a nutrient agent to the first mixture and mixing uniformly to obtain a second mixture;

[0010] The second mixture is transferred to a treatment site, the moisture content is controlled to be 22% to 30%, and the mixture is treated at a temperature of 10 to 45° C. for 90 to 120 days to obtain greening planting soil; the greening planting soil leachate has a COD of less than 100 mg / L, a germination index of more than 80%, an organic matter content of more than 20 g / kg, available nitrogen of more than 40 mg / kg, available phosphorus of more than 30 mg / kg, and available potassium of more than 1000 mg / kg, and is loamy clay;

[0011] Wherein, the biological agent is a mixture of bacterial agents and fungal solid agents of equal mass.

[0012] Preferably, the treatment site is a treatment pool, a treatment tank or a treatment box.

[0013] Preferably, the nutrient agent may include a mixture of at least one of organic fertilizer, straw, bran and rice bran and 0.1-0.3% nitrogen.

[0014] Preferably, the method for preparing the biological agent comprises the following steps:

[0015] Collect water-based drilling solid waste samples from oil and gas drilling sites in desert areas;

[0016] Adding various types of water-based drilling fluid additives and nitrogen sources to the sample to obtain a mixture with a carbon-nitrogen ratio of 15 to 20:1, adjusting the water content of the mixture to 28% to 30% and culturing the mixture at 10°C to 20°C to eliminate strains without degradation ability and strains unsuitable for low-temperature growth, gradually increasing the concentration of each water-based drilling fluid additive, and obtaining a mixture containing high-efficiency degradation bacteria after acclimation;

[0017] Separating and purifying the mixture containing the high-efficiency degradation bacteria, and preserving the separated and purified strains for future use;

[0018] preparing culture fluids containing a single water-based drilling fluid additive from the plurality of water-based drilling fluid additives, inoculating the strain stored for later use into each culture fluid, measuring the degradation amount of the water-based drilling fluid additive contained in each culture fluid, and selecting a strain having a degradation rate of greater than 7% for the water-based drilling fluid additive in each culture fluid to obtain Bacillus zanthoxylum;

[0019] The Bacillus zanthoxylum sp. is cultured and expanded to obtain a bacterial preparation, which is mixed with a fungal agent prepared from Pseudomonas ovata WNF15 and Scopulariopsis brevicaulis WNF22 in equal amounts to obtain a biological preparation.

[0020] Preferably, the various types of water-based drilling fluid additives include carboxymethyl cellulose, polyacrylamide, sulfonated asphalt powder and sulfonated phenolic resin.

[0021] Preferably, the separation and purification of the mixture containing the high-efficiency degradation bacteria is carried out by using a dilution plate coating method and a plate streak method.

[0022] Preferably, the separation and purification of the mixture containing the degrading high-efficiency bacteria includes: oscillating and mixing the mixture containing the degrading high-efficiency bacteria, and diluting it according to different proportions to obtain diluted solutions of different concentrations; respectively spreading the diluted solutions of different concentrations on different beef extract peptone plates, and culturing them at a constant temperature of 10°C to 20°C for 24 to 36 hours; inoculating the colonies formed on the different beef extract peptone plates onto new beef extract peptone plates and continuously streaking and separating them until colonies with consistent colony and bacterial characteristics are obtained, thereby completing the separation and purification.

[0023] Preferably, the components of the culture fluid containing a single water-based drilling fluid additive include: a single water-based drilling fluid additive 0.4g / L~0.6g / L, NaHPO4 0.1g / L~0.3g / L, KH2PO4 0.9g / L~1.1g / L, ammonium acetate 0.2g / L~0.4g / L, MgSO4•7H2O 0.4g / L~0.6g / L, MnSO4•H2O 0.03g / L~0.05g / L, CaCl2 0.003g / L~0.005g / L, and the pH value of the culture fluid containing a single water-based drilling fluid additive is 7.0~7.2.

[0024] Preferably, the greening planting soil includes 20-50 g / kg organic matter, 30-60 mg / kg available phosphorus, 1000-1500 mg / kg available potassium, 40-80 mg / kg available nitrogen and loamy clay.

[0025] A method for biological treatment and resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas is suitable for sandy water-based drilling solid waste with a pollutant content of 1.0-3.0% wt, an organic polymer content of 50-60% wt in the pollutants, COD ≤ 500 mg / L.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this technical solution are as follows:

[0027] 1. The present invention provides a method for biological treatment and resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas. The process is simple and does not require pretreatment of the drilling waste mud such as coagulation, aeration and oxygenation, pH adjustment and temperature control, which facilitates on-site operation and management.

[0028] 2. The method for biological treatment and resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas provided by the present invention can adapt to the treatment of sandy water-based drilling solid waste compared with the existing polymer and sulfonation solid waste bio-enhanced treatment processes, and has a wide treatment temperature range, which is suitable for the medium and low temperature field environment in desert areas. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] A method for biological treatment and resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas is suitable for sandy water-based drilling solid waste with a pollutant content of 1.0-3.0% by weight, an organic polymer content of 50-60% by weight, and a COD of ≤500 mg / L. Specifically, water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas has a low pollutant content, generally less than 500 mg / L, and primarily contains organic polymers such as carboxymethyl cellulose, polyacrylamide, sulfonated asphalt powder, and sulfonated phenolic resin. The pollutant content is based on the mass of the water-based drilling solid waste, while the organic polymer content is based on the mass of the pollutant.

[0032] A method for biological treatment and resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas comprises the following steps:

[0033] Preparation of biological agents for biological treatment and resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas;

[0034] The biological agent and water-based drilling solid waste from desert areas are mixed uniformly at a weight ratio of 0.1 to 1.0% wt to obtain a first mixture;

[0035] adding 1 to 5% by weight of a nutrient agent to the first mixture and mixing uniformly to obtain a second mixture;

[0036] The second mixture is transferred to a treatment site, the moisture content is controlled to be 22% to 30%, and the mixture is treated at a temperature of 10 to 45° C. for 90 to 120 days to obtain greening planting soil; the greening planting soil leachate has a COD of less than 100 mg / L, a germination index of more than 80%, an organic matter content of more than 20 g / kg, available nitrogen of more than 40 mg / kg, available phosphorus of more than 30 mg / kg, and available potassium of more than 1000 mg / kg, and is loamy clay;

[0037] The method for preparing the biological preparation comprises the following steps:

[0038] Collect water-based drilling solid waste samples from oil and gas drilling sites in desert areas;

[0039] Adding various types of water-based drilling fluid additives and nitrogen sources to the sample to obtain a mixture with a carbon-nitrogen ratio of 15 to 20:1, adjusting the water content of the mixture to 28% to 30% and culturing the mixture at 10°C to 20°C to eliminate strains without degradation ability and strains unsuitable for low-temperature growth, gradually increasing the concentration of each water-based drilling fluid additive, and obtaining a mixture containing high-efficiency degradation bacteria after acclimation;

[0040] Separating and purifying the mixture containing the high-efficiency degradation bacteria, and preserving the separated and purified strains for future use;

[0041] preparing culture fluids containing a single water-based drilling fluid additive from the plurality of water-based drilling fluid additives, inoculating the strain stored for later use into each culture fluid, measuring the degradation amount of the water-based drilling fluid additive contained in each culture fluid, and selecting a strain having a degradation rate of greater than 7% for the water-based drilling fluid additive in each culture fluid to obtain Bacillus zanthoxylum;

[0042] The Bacillus zanthoxylum sp. is cultured and expanded to obtain a bacterial preparation, which is mixed with a fungal agent prepared from Pseudomonas ovata WNF15 and Scopulariopsis brevicaulis WNF22 in equal amounts to obtain a biological preparation.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] A method for biological treatment and resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas comprises the following steps:

[0045] Preparation of a biological agent for treating water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas. The biological agent is a mixture of Bacillus zanthoxylum YDB-10, its bacterial suspension, culture fluid, or fermentation product, and a solid fungal agent (Escherichia coli WNF15 and Scopulariopsis brevicaulis WNF22).

[0046] In this exemplary embodiment, the preparation of the biological agent may include the steps of:

[0047] S01. Collect samples. Collect water-based drilling solid waste samples from oil and gas drilling sites in desert areas. For example, sterile sampling bags can be used to collect water-based drilling solid waste samples from oil and gas drilling sites in desert areas. The water-based drilling solid waste samples can include old or fresh water-based drilling solid waste, soil or water contaminated by water-based drilling solid waste, or soil or water contaminated by water-based drilling fluid. These samples are the source of Bacillus zanthoxyli YDB-10.

[0048] S02, domestication of Bacillus zanthoxyli YDB-10.

[0049] A water-based drilling fluid additive and a nitrogen source are added to the collected water-based drilling solid waste sample to form a mixture. The water content of the mixture is adjusted to 28% to 30% with distilled water and incubated at 10°C to 20°C. These conditions allow for the proliferation of bacteria capable of degrading water-based drilling solid waste additives. Microorganisms (strains) with no degradation ability and those unsuitable for low to medium temperatures are then eliminated, and the concentration of the water-based drilling fluid additive is gradually increased to cultivate efficient degrading bacteria with strong additive degradation ability and tolerance. The nitrogen source can be a nitrogen fertilizer, such as ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate, or ammonium chloride. The nitrogen fertilizer is added to maintain a carbon-nitrogen ratio in the mixture between 15 and 20:1 to facilitate bacterial growth; for example, the carbon-nitrogen ratio can be 18:1. The water content is controlled at 28% to 30% and the temperature at 10°C to 20°C to provide a favorable environment for strain screening. Excessively low water content can result in a dry growth environment, leading to oxygen deprivation for the strains. The incubation temperature is designed to screen for strains suitable for growth at low to medium temperatures. Furthermore, the water content can be controlled at 29%, and the culture temperature can be 15°C.

[0050] Furthermore, the water-based drilling fluid additive includes carboxymethyl cellulose, polyacrylamide, sulfonated asphalt powder and sulfonated phenolic resin.

[0051] S03, isolation and purification of Bacillus zanthoxyli YDB-10.

[0052] The mixture containing the efficient degradation bacteria is separated and purified, and the separated and purified strains are stored for future use. Further, the separated and purified strains are inoculated onto a slant culture medium and stored for future use. The vessels and water used in the separation and purification process are 100% sterile.

[0053] S04, rescreening Bacillus zanthoxyli YDB-10.

[0054] Prepare culture fluids containing a single water-based drilling fluid additive from multiple types of water-based drilling fluid additives (i.e., prepare a culture fluid corresponding to each water-based drilling fluid additive, and each culture fluid contains a single type of water-based drilling fluid additive). Inoculate the isolated and purified strain in each culture fluid, measure the reduction in the target substrate in the culture fluid (the degradation amount of the water-based drilling fluid additive), and select the strain with a high degradation rate for each water-based drilling fluid additive, which is the Bacillus zanthoxyli YDB-10 of the present invention. The obtained Bacillus zanthoxyli YDB-10 is inoculated into a slant culture medium and stored at 4°C. In the process of selecting each water-based drilling fluid additive, a strain with a degradation rate greater than 7% can be selected, for example, a strain with a degradation rate greater than 10% can be selected.

[0055] When the water-based drilling fluid additives are carboxymethyl cellulose, polyacrylamide, sulfonated asphalt powder, and sulfonated phenolic resin, the water-based drilling fluid additive culture medium can be a culture medium containing carboxymethyl cellulose, a culture medium containing polyacrylamide, a culture medium containing sulfonated asphalt powder, and a culture medium containing sulfonated phenolic resin, respectively. Selecting a strain with a high degradation rate for all four additives can yield the Bacillus zanthoxyli YDB-10 of the present invention.

[0056] In this embodiment, the separation and purification method can be carried out by using the dilution plate coating method and the plate streaking method. Further, the separation and purification method can include:

[0057] S100: The mixture containing the high-efficiency degrading bacteria is shaken and mixed, and diluted at different ratios to obtain diluted solutions of different concentrations. For example, the mixture containing the high-efficiency degrading bacteria is placed in a conical flask containing sterile water and shaken and mixed. The concentration range of the diluted solutions of different concentrations can be selected from a mass concentration range of 0.1% to 4%.

[0058] S200, spreading the diluted solutions of different concentrations on different beef extract peptone plates, and culturing at a constant temperature of 10°C to 20°C, for example, 15°C, for 24 to 36 hours.

[0059] S300, the colonies formed on different beef extract peptone plates are inoculated onto new beef extract peptone plates and continuously streaked and separated until colonies with consistent bacterial characteristics are obtained, completing the separation and purification.

[0060] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the culture fluid containing a single water-based drilling fluid additive may include:

[0061] The culture medium containing carboxymethyl cellulose includes: carboxymethyl cellulose 0.4g / L-0.6g / L, NaHPO4 0.1g / L-0.3g / L, KH2PO4 0.9g / L-1.1g / L, ammonium acetate 0.2g / L-0.4g / L, MgSO4•7H2O 0.4g / L-0.6g / L, MnSO4•H2O 0.03g / L-0.05g / L, and CaCl2 0.003g / L-0.005g / L. Furthermore, carboxymethyl cellulose 0.5g / L, NaHPO4 0.2g / L, KH2PO4 1.0g / L, ammonium acetate 0.3g / L, MgSO4•7H2O 0.5g / L, MnSO4•H2O 0.04g / L, and CaCl2 0.004g / L.

[0062] For polyacrylamide-containing culture medium: polyacrylamide 0.4g / L-0.6g / L, NaHPO4 0.1g / L-0.3g / L, KH2PO4 0.9g / L-1.1g / L, ammonium acetate 0.2g / L-0.4g / L, MgSO4•7H2O 0.4g / L-0.6g / L, MnSO4•H2O 0.03g / L-0.05g / L, CaCl2 0.003g / L-0.005g / L. Furthermore, polyacrylamide 0.5g / L, NaHPO4 0.2g / L, KH2PO4 1.0g / L, ammonium acetate 0.3g / L, MgSO4•7H2O 0.5g / L, MnSO4•H2O 0.04g / L, and CaCl2 0.004g / L.

[0063] The culture medium containing sulfonated asphalt powder includes: sulfonated asphalt powder 0.4g / L~0.6g / L, NaHPO4 0.1g / L~0.3g / L, KH2PO4 0.9g / L~1.1g / L, ammonium acetate 0.2g / L~0.4g / L, MgSO4•7H2O 0.4g / L~0.6g / L, MnSO4•H2O 0.03g / L~0.05g / L, and CaCl2 0.003g / L~0.005g / L. Furthermore, sulfonated asphalt powder 0.5 g / L, NaHPO4 0.2 g / L, KH2PO4 1.0 g / L, ammonium acetate 0.3 g / L, MgSO4•7H2O 0.5 g / L, MnSO4•H2O 0.04 g / L, and CaCL2 0.004 g / L.

[0064] The culture medium containing sulfonated phenolic resin includes: sulfonated phenolic resin 0.4g / L~0.6g / L, NaHPO4 0.1g / L~0.3g / L, KH2PO4 0.9g / L~1.1g / L, ammonium acetate 0.2g / L~0.4g / L, MgSO4•7H2O 0.4g / L~0.6g / L, MnSO4•H2O 0.03g / L~0.05g / L, and CaCl2 0.003g / L~0.005g / L. Furthermore, sulfonated phenolic resin 0.5 g / L, NaHPO4 0.2 g / L, KH2PO4 1.0 g / L, ammonium acetate 0.3 g / L, MgSO4•7H2O 0.5 g / L, MnSO4•H2O 0.04 g / L, and CaCL2 0.004 g / L.

[0065] The pH value of the culture solution containing the additives can be 7.0 to 7.2. Each culture medium was prepared by sterilizing at 121° C. for 20 to 30 minutes.

[0066] In this embodiment, the beef extract peptone medium and slant medium can include: 10 g / L peptone, 5 g / L sodium chloride, and 5 g / L beef extract. The pH value of the slant medium can be 7.0-7.2, and the medium can be prepared by sterilizing at 121°C for 30 minutes. Of course, other types of separation media can also be selected to replace the beef extract peptone medium during the isolation and purification process of the strain of the invention.

[0067] In this embodiment, the Bacillus zanthoxyli YDB-10 is an aerobic type, and further a strictly aerobic type, and can only be used under aerobic conditions.

[0068] In this embodiment, the Bacillus zanthoxyli YDB-10 can grow at a pH of 4.0 to 10.0, a salt concentration of 0% to 4%, and a temperature of 10 to 45° C. Furthermore, it can grow at a pH of 6.5 to 7.5, a temperature of 15 to 20° C., and a salt concentration of 0.5% to 1%.

[0069] In this embodiment, the Bacillus zanthoxyli YDB-10 was cultured on beef extract peptone medium for 24 hours to form round or irregular colonies. After 48 hours, the colonies were round, white, with a diameter of 1.5 mm to 2.0 mm, neat edges, and flat and moist.

[0070] As described above, the Bacillus zanthoxyli YDB-10 of the present invention can simultaneously degrade a variety of drilling fluid additives such as carboxymethyl cellulose, polyacrylamide, sulfonated asphalt powder and sulfonated phenolic resin, and the isolated strain has strong adaptability to alkali and salt, can play a role in degrading drilling solid waste additives under the conditions of pH 5.0-10.0 and salt concentration of 0%-4%, and has a wide growth temperature range (10°C-45°C). In addition, the Bacillus zanthoxyli can repair media contaminated by water-based drilling fluid solid waste, and the media are soil, water and air. The Bacillus zanthoxyli YDB-10 can degrade the total organic carbon (TOC) of water-based drilling solid waste. The strain obtained by acclimation and isolation is cultured and expanded as a biological agent for the biological treatment and resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas. Here, the culture expansion includes the steps of inoculating the obtained strain into a beef extract peptone liquid medium for activation for 16 hours, then inoculating a 5% inoculum into an expansion medium (5g peptone, 10g sucrose, 1g beef extract, 10g sodium chloride, 1L tap water, pH 7.0, sterilized at 121°C for 30 minutes), at a temperature of 10°C to 20°C and an aeration rate of 1.2L·min⁻¹. When the bacterial liquid OD600 reaches 1.0, liquid biological agent 1 is obtained. Solid biological agent 1 can be prepared by mixing 25% of liquid biological agent 1 into organic fertilizer. Biological agent 1 is then mixed with a fungal solid inoculum (Escherichia coli WNF15 and Scopulariopsis brevicaulis WNF22) of equal mass to obtain a water-based biological agent for treating drilling solid waste in desert areas.

[0071] A nutrient agent accounting for 1 to 5% by weight of the first mixture is added and mixed evenly to obtain a second mixture.

[0072] The second mixture is transferred to a treatment site, where its moisture content is controlled at 22% to 30%. The mixture is treated at a temperature of 10-45°C for 90-120 days to produce landscaping soil. Compared to existing polymer and sulfonated solid waste bioaugmentation processes, this process is adaptable to the treatment of sandy, water-based drilling waste and has a wider temperature range, making it suitable for low-temperature field environments in desert areas. The treatment site can be a treatment pool, tank, or tank. The nutrient may include a mixture of at least one of organic fertilizer, straw, wheat bran, and rice bran with 0.1-0.3% nitrogen. The leachate from the landscaping soil has a COD content of less than 100 mg / L, a germination index greater than 80%, an organic matter content greater than 20 g / kg, available nitrogen greater than 40 mg / kg, available phosphorus greater than 30 mg / kg, available potassium greater than 1000 mg / kg, and a loamy clay texture. These ranges meet the requirements of the CJ / T340-2016 Class III standard for landscaping soil.

[0073] In summary, the beneficial effects of the present invention may include at least one of the following:

[0074] (1) The method for biological treatment and resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas of the present invention is simple in process and does not require pretreatment of the drilling waste mud such as coagulation, aeration and oxygenation, pH adjustment, and temperature control, thus facilitating on-site operation and management;

[0075] (2) Compared with the existing polymer and sulfonation solid waste bio-enhanced treatment processes, the method for bio-treatment and resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas of the present invention can adapt to the treatment of sandy water-based drilling solid waste, and has a wide treatment temperature range, which is suitable for the low-temperature field environment in desert areas.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustration, not for limitation of the technical solutions of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or partial replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for biological treatment and resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Preparation of biological agents for biological treatment and resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas; The biological agent and water-based drilling solid waste from desert areas are mixed uniformly at a weight ratio of 0.1 to 1.0% wt to obtain a first mixture; adding 1 to 5% by weight of a nutrient agent to the first mixture and mixing uniformly to obtain a second mixture; The second mixture is transferred to a treatment site, the moisture content is controlled to be 22% to 30%, and the mixture is treated at a temperature of 10 to 45° C. for 90 to 120 days to obtain greening planting soil; the greening planting soil leachate has a COD of less than 100 mg / L, a germination index of more than 80%, an organic matter content of more than 20 g / kg, available nitrogen of more than 40 mg / kg, available phosphorus of more than 30 mg / kg, and available potassium of more than 1000 mg / kg, and is loamy clay; Wherein, the biological agent is a mixture of bacterial agent and fungal solid agent of equal mass; The method is applicable to sandy water-based drilling solid waste with a pollutant content of 1.0 to 3.0% wt, an organic polymer content of 50 to 60% wt in the pollutants, COD ≤ 500 mg / L.

2. The method for biological treatment and resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The treatment site is a treatment pool, a treatment tank or a treatment box.

3. The method for biological treatment and resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nutrient agent comprises a mixture of at least one of organic fertilizer, straw, bran and rice bran and 0.1-0.3%wt nitrogen.

4. The method for biological treatment and resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the biological preparation comprises the following steps: Collect water-based drilling solid waste samples from oil and gas drilling sites in desert areas; Adding various types of water-based drilling fluid additives and nitrogen sources to the sample to obtain a mixture with a carbon-nitrogen ratio of 15 to 20:1, adjusting the water content of the mixture to 28% to 30% and culturing the mixture at 10°C to 20°C to eliminate strains without degradation ability and strains unsuitable for low-temperature growth, gradually increasing the concentration of each water-based drilling fluid additive, and obtaining a mixture containing high-efficiency degradation bacteria after acclimation; Separating and purifying the mixture containing the high-efficiency degradation bacteria, and preserving the separated and purified strains for future use; preparing culture fluids containing a single water-based drilling fluid additive from the plurality of water-based drilling fluid additives, inoculating the strain stored for later use into each culture fluid, measuring the degradation amount of the water-based drilling fluid additive contained in each culture fluid, and selecting a strain having a degradation rate of greater than 7% for the water-based drilling fluid additive in each culture fluid to obtain Bacillus zanthoxylum; The Zanthoxylum bungeanum is cultured and expanded to obtain a bacterial preparation, which is mixed with fungal agents prepared from Pseudomonas ovata WNF15 and Scopulariopsis brevicaulis WNF22 in equal amounts to obtain a biological preparation.

5. The method for biological treatment and resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The various types of water-based drilling fluid additives include carboxymethyl cellulose, polyacrylamide, sulfonated asphalt powder and sulfonated phenolic resin.

6. The method for biological treatment and resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation and purification of the mixture containing the high-efficiency degradation bacteria is carried out by using a dilution plate coating method and a plate streaking method.

7. The method for biological treatment and resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The separation and purification of the mixture containing the high-efficiency degradation bacteria includes: oscillating and mixing the mixture containing the high-efficiency degradation bacteria, and diluting it according to different proportions to obtain dilution solutions of different concentrations; respectively applying the dilution solutions of different concentrations on different beef extract peptone plates, and culturing them at a constant temperature of 10°C to 20°C for 24 to 36 hours; inoculating colonies formed on different beef extract peptone plates onto new beef extract peptone plates and continuously streaking and separating them until colonies with consistent colony and bacterial characteristics are obtained, thereby completing the separation and purification.

8. The method for biological treatment and resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The components of the culture fluid containing a single water-based drilling fluid additive include: 0.4g / L~0.6g / L of a single water-based drilling fluid additive, 0.1g / L~0.3g / L of NaHPO4, 0.9g / L~1.1g / L of KH2PO4, 0.2g / L~0.4g / L of ammonium acetate, 0.4g / L~0.6g / L of MgSO4•7H2O, 0.03g / L~0.05g / L of MnSO4•H2O, and 0.003g / L~0.005g / L of CaCl2. The pH value of the culture fluid containing a single water-based drilling fluid additive is 7.0~7.

2.

9. The method for biological treatment and resource utilization of water-based drilling solid waste in desert areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The greening planting soil comprises 20-50 g / kg organic matter, 30-60 mg / kg available phosphorus, 1000-1500 mg / kg quick-acting potassium, 40-80 mg / kg quick-acting nitrogen and loamy clay.