Inner wall dephosphorization equipment suitable for forged workpiece with deep hole and dephosphorization method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of forging machining, in particular to inner wall dephosphorization equipment and a dephosphorization method suitable for a forged workpiece with a deep hole, the inner wall dephosphorization equipment comprises a foundation, an inner wall dephosphorization machine and a robot, the inner wall dephosphorization machine is installed in a pit part of the foundation, and the robot is located on a table top of the foundation and is higher than the inner wall dephosphorization machine; the inner wall dephosphorization machine comprises a water tank and a quick electromagnetic valve located on one side of the water tank. Aiming at the dephosphorization requirement of the forged workpiece with the deep hole, the inner wall dephosphorization equipment and the dephosphorization method suitable for the forged workpiece with the deep hole are provided, the method combines the technological process of the forged workpiece with the deep hole and a forge piece transferring method, and a mechanical arm and a clamping jaw clamp a forge piece to complete the dephosphorization operation of the deep hole. The special nozzle sprays high-pressure water columns for dephosphorization operation, the speed is high, the dephosphorization effect is good, and equipment parameters can be conveniently and flexibly adjusted according to process requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of forging processing, and in particular to an inner wall dephosphorization device and a dephosphorization method suitable for a forging workpiece with a deep hole. Background Art

[0002] In the forging process of steel workpieces, the forgings need to be heated to a high temperature in a heating furnace. After contact with air, the surface of the forgings reacts with the oxygen in the air to generate oxides, forming oxide scales with network cracks. These oxide scales will cause various problems such as cracks and defects in the forgings after they are formed, and the stability of product quality cannot be ensured.

[0003] In the process of processing forgings with deep holes, the die needs to extrude the deep holes on the forgings. At this time, oxide scale will form on the side wall and bottom of the deep hole, and due to the extrusion of the die, most of the oxide scale is concentrated at the bottom of the deep hole. In order to ensure product quality, these oxide scales need to be removed before the next process. Since the length and diameter ratio of the deep hole may be as high as about 10mm in some cases, it is necessary to combine the process requirements and the characteristics of the forged workpiece with deep holes to use appropriate means to remove the oxide scale inside the deep hole.

[0004] At present, the forging industry mainly uses dephosphorization equipment to remove oxide scale from forgings, including high-pressure water dephosphorization equipment and mechanical dephosphorization equipment.

[0005] High-pressure water dephosphorization is to spray the high-pressure water generated by the high-pressure water pump through the nozzle to the surface of the forging on the conveyor line to remove the oxide scale. Under the action of the nozzle, the high-pressure water forms a fan-shaped water jet with great impact force and sprays it onto the surface of the forging. Under the action of the high-pressure fan-shaped water jet, the oxide scale is cut, quenched and shrunk, peeled off from the matrix parent material, and washed away from the surface of the forging, thereby removing the oxide scale. This method is fast, has little pollution, and a small temperature drop, but this method can only be used for dephosphorization operations on the outer surface of forgings, and the equipment occupies a large area and consumes a lot of power, making it difficult to apply to dephosphorization operations on the inside of deep holes.

[0006] Mechanical dephosphorization is to remove the scale mechanically by rotating or reciprocating a steel brush or other equipment after it contacts the surface of the forging. This method can be used for dephosphorization inside deep holes, but when the deep hole is long and the diameter is small, the equipment is not effective due to space limitations. In addition, the speed is slow and the temperature drop is large, which will affect the temperature of the forging during subsequent processing, thereby affecting the product quality.

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned technical defects, the present invention provides an inner wall dephosphorization equipment and a dephosphorization method suitable for forged workpieces with deep holes to meet the dephosphorization needs of forged workpieces with deep holes. The method combines the process flow of forged workpieces with deep holes and the forging transfer method. The forgings are clamped by a manipulator and a clamp to complete the deep hole dephosphorization operation, and the dephosphorization operation is carried out by spraying a high-pressure water column by a special nozzle. The speed is fast, the dephosphorization effect is good, and the equipment parameters are convenient to flexibly adjust according to the process requirements. Summary of the invention

[0008] An inner wall dephosphorization device suitable for a workpiece with a deep hole forging comprises a foundation, an inner wall dephosphorization machine and a robot. The inner wall dephosphorization machine is installed in a pit portion of the foundation, the robot is located on the table of the foundation and is higher than the inner wall dephosphorization machine, and the inner wall dephosphorization machine comprises a water tank and a fast solenoid valve located on one side of the water tank.

[0009] Furthermore, the fast solenoid valve is connected to the water tank through a high-pressure water pipe; after the nozzle of the high-pressure water pipe passes through the side plate of the water tank, it is located above the opening of the water tank, and a high-pressure water interface is also provided on the high-pressure water pipe, and the high-pressure water interface is located on one side of the fast solenoid valve.

[0010] Furthermore, an energy storage mechanism is arranged on one side of the water tank, and the energy storage mechanism is connected to the water tank through a bottom plate: the energy storage mechanism includes an accumulator, a three-phase asynchronous motor connected to the accumulator, and the accumulator is connected to the high-pressure water interface through an energy supply pipeline.

[0011] Furthermore, a high-pressure crankshaft pump is provided between the three-phase asynchronous motor and the accumulator; the three-phase asynchronous motor is connected to and controls the high-pressure crankshaft pump through a power supply line.

[0012] Furthermore, a screen is provided below the nozzle, and a mesh partition is provided between the screen and the nozzle.

[0013] Furthermore, the water tank is provided with a first box body and a second box body inside, a mesh filter plate is provided between the first box body and the second box body, and a filtered water pipeline is provided between the second box body and the accumulator.

[0014] Furthermore, the opening of the nozzle is vertically upward, and a deep hole forging is arranged above the opening. The deep hole forging is fixed on the clamp of the robot, and the clamp and the robot are connected through a free swing arm; the deep hole of the deep hole forging is aligned with the opening of the nozzle.

[0015] A dephosphorization method for an inner wall dephosphorization device suitable for a deep hole forging workpiece according to any of the above, comprising the following steps: S1, the robot carries the deep hole forging and moves to the inner wall dephosphorization machine; S2. The clamping jaws hold the deep hole of the deep hole forging downward and align it with the nozzle or move it up, down, left or right to adjust the direction of the deep hole; S3, open the rapid solenoid valve, and the high-pressure water in the accumulator is injected into the deep hole through the nozzle to remove phosphorus; S4, the high-pressure wastewater after phosphorus removal is filtered through the mesh plate and the screen and then enters the first tank of the water tank. The high-pressure wastewater in the first tank then passes through the screen filter plate and enters the second tank; S5. The high-pressure waste water in the second box is filtered by the screen filter plate and then enters the high-pressure crankshaft pump through the filtered water pipeline. After the high-pressure crankshaft pump provides water source for the accumulator, it is pressurized into high-pressure water for recycling.

[0016] Furthermore, in S3, the speed at which the high-pressure water in the accumulator is injected into the deep hole is 0.3L-1.5L / S.

[0017] Furthermore, in S3, the length of the deep hole is 200-500 mm, and the aperture of the deep hole is 35-65 mm; the water outlet shape of the nozzle is adjusted by a fast solenoid valve.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: The present invention provides an inner wall dephosphorization device and a dephosphorization method suitable for a workpiece with a deep hole forging. The device and the method are combined with the workpiece transportation process, and there is no need to install common conveyor lines and other equipment on the dephosphorization device to transport the workpiece. Not only is the equipment cost lower and the floor space smaller, but it also does not take up extra time, the dephosphorization speed is faster, and the temperature drop of the workpiece is smaller. The inner wall dephosphorization machine can be installed below the ground, occupying less space and having less impact on the overall layout of the production line. According to the process requirements and the distribution of oxide scales in the inner holes of the workpiece, nozzles with high-pressure water flow in different forms such as spray columns and cones can be used, and the workpiece can be clamped by a robot for rotation and translation, etc., to achieve better dephosphorization effect and greater process flexibility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the inner wall dephosphorization machine in the present invention; Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the inner wall dephosphorization equipment in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the internal dephosphorization machine in the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1-inner wall dephosphorization machine; 2-deep hole forging; 3-gripper; 4-robot; 5-foundation; 6-freedom swing arm; 101-water tank; 102-fast solenoid valve; 103-nozzle; 104-three-phase asynchronous motor; 105-high-pressure crankshaft pump; 106-accumulator; 107-grid plate; 108-screen; 109-screen filter plate; 110-box one; 111-box two; 112-water pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1, please refer to the attached drawings of the specification Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown in the figure, an inner wall dephosphorization equipment suitable for a workpiece with a deep hole forging includes a foundation 5, an inner wall dephosphorization machine 1 and a robot 4. The inner wall dephosphorization machine 1 is installed in the pit part of the foundation 5, and the robot 4 is located on the table of the foundation 5 and is higher than the inner wall dephosphorization machine 1. In this embodiment, during the processing of the deep hole forging 2, after completing the deep hole forming process, the robot 4 and the clamp 3 installed on the robot 4 are required to clamp the deep hole forging 2 out of the forging and forming equipment of the previous process and transport it to the inner wall dephosphorization equipment. During the process of transporting the deep hole forging 2, the robot 4 turns the deep hole of the deep hole forging 2 downward and aligns it with the nozzle 103 of the inner wall dephosphorization machine 1 installed in the pit of the foundation 5. In the present embodiment, the inner wall dephosphorization machine 1 includes a water tank 101 and a fast solenoid valve 102 located on one side of the water tank 101; the fast solenoid valve 102 is connected to the water tank 101 through a high-pressure water pipe; the nozzle 103 of the high-pressure water pipe passes through the side plate of the water tank 101 and is located above the opening of the water tank 101. A high-pressure water interface is also provided on the high-pressure water pipe, and the high-pressure water interface is located on one side of the fast solenoid valve 102.

[0023] In embodiment 2, an energy storage mechanism is provided on one side of the water tank 101, and the energy storage mechanism is connected to the water tank 101 through a bottom plate: the energy storage mechanism includes an accumulator 106, a three-phase asynchronous motor 104 connected to the accumulator 106, and the accumulator 106 is connected to a high-pressure water interface through an energy supply pipeline; a high-pressure crankshaft pump 105 is provided between the three-phase asynchronous motor 104 and the accumulator 106; the three-phase asynchronous motor 104 is connected to and controls the high-pressure crankshaft pump 105 through a power supply line.

[0024] Embodiment 3, on the basis of the above embodiment 1, a screen 108 is arranged below the nozzle 103, a mesh partition 107 is arranged between the screen 108 and the nozzle 103, a box body 110 and a box body 111 are arranged inside the water tank 101, a screen filter plate 109 is arranged between the box body 110 and the box body 111, and a water pipe 112 is arranged between the box body 111 and the accumulator 106; in this embodiment, the opening of the nozzle 103 is vertically upward, and a deep hole forging 2 is arranged above the opening, and the deep hole forging 2 is fixed on the gripper 3 of the robot 4, and the gripper 3 and the robot 4 are connected through the freedom swing arm 6; the deep hole of the deep hole forging 2 is aligned with the opening of the nozzle 103. In this embodiment, the freedom swing arm 6 can rotate 360 ​​degrees in all directions, and the robot 4 has a positioning function. This positioning function of the robot 4 is very mature in the existing technology and will not be elaborated in detail here.

[0025] Embodiment 4, a dephosphorization method for the inner wall dephosphorization equipment applicable to any of the forged workpieces with deep holes, comprising the following steps: S1, robot 4 carries deep hole forging 2 and moves to inner wall dephosphorization machine; S2, the clamping jaw 3 clamps the deep hole of the deep hole forging 2 downward and aligns it with the nozzle 103 or moves it up, down, left or right and adjusts the direction of the deep hole, and washes the deep hole forging 2 with high pressure water sprayed from the nozzle 103 at multiple angles or multiple times; S3, open the fast solenoid valve 102, and the high-pressure water in the accumulator 106 is sprayed into the deep hole through the nozzle 103 for dephosphorization; the nozzle 103 sprays a columnar high-pressure water flow to peel off the inner side of the deep hole, especially the oxide scale at the bottom of the deep hole. When the dephosphorization operation is completed, the fast solenoid valve 102 is closed, and the three-phase asynchronous motor 104 starts to run, driving the high-pressure crankshaft pump 105 to start filling the accumulator 106 with water. After the pressure sensor in the circuit detects that the pressure reaches a predetermined value, the three-phase asynchronous motor 104 can stop running; at this time, the robot 4 can continue to transport the dephosphorized deep hole forging 2 to the equipment of the next process; in this embodiment, the use of this method has the following advantages: Combined with the process of transporting the deep hole forging 2, there is no need to install common conveyor lines and other equipment on the dephosphorization equipment to transport the deep hole forging 2. Not only is the equipment cost lower, the floor space is smaller, but also no extra time is required, the dephosphorization speed is faster, and the temperature drop of the workpiece is smaller. The inner wall dephosphorization machine 1 in this embodiment can be installed below the ground, taking up less space and having less impact on the overall layout of the production line; S4, the high-pressure wastewater after phosphorus removal is filtered through the mesh plate 107 and the screen 108 and enters the box body 1 110 of the water tank (101), and the high-pressure wastewater in the box body 110 enters the box body 2 111 through the screen filter plate 109; S5. The high-pressure waste water in the second box 111 is filtered by the mesh filter plate 109 and then enters the high-pressure crankshaft pump 105 through the filtered water pipe 112. After the high-pressure crankshaft pump 105 provides water source for the accumulator 106, it is pressurized into high-pressure water for recycling.

[0026] In this embodiment, the water sprayed from the nozzle 103 flows downward together with the oxide skin after completing the dephosphorization operation, and enters the box body 110 and the box body 2 111 of the water tank 101 after being filtered by the mesh plate 107 and the screen 108 in turn, and then passes through the screen filter plate 109 in the box body 110, and can be returned to the high-pressure crankshaft pump 105 through the corresponding pipeline. In this embodiment, the use of this method has the following advantages: Due to the production cycle and the temperature reduction range of the workpiece, the time required for the dephosphorization operation needs to be as short as possible. Therefore, the accumulator 106 is used to store water with a predetermined water pressure in advance. After the deep hole forging 2 is adjusted into place by the robot 4, the fast solenoid valve 102 is fully opened within 0.2s, and the water in the accumulator 106 can spray water with a predetermined pressure of 4-6MPa in a short time without waiting for the three-phase asynchronous motor 104 and the high-pressure crankshaft pump 105 to start.

[0027] According to the process conditions, the current general workpiece dephosphorization cycle through high-pressure water is about one piece per minute. After the accumulator 106 is used, a high-pressure crankshaft pump 105 with a smaller flow rate and a three-phase asynchronous motor 104 with a smaller power can be selected. When the nozzle 103 is not needed for spraying, the three-phase asynchronous motor 104 can drive the high-pressure crankshaft water pump 105 to fill the accumulator 106 with water in advance. After the pressure sensor in the pipeline detects that the pressure reaches a predetermined value, the three-phase asynchronous motor 104 can stop running. This can save equipment cost and volume, reduce the power required for the equipment, and save operating costs.

[0028] Embodiment 5, in S3, the speed at which the high-pressure water in the accumulator 106 is injected into the deep hole is 0.3L / S-1.5L / S.

[0029] Embodiment 6, in S3, the length of the deep hole is 200mm-500mm, and the aperture of the deep hole is 35mm-65mm; the water outlet shape of the nozzle 103 is adjusted by the fast solenoid valve 102, and according to the process requirements and the distribution of the oxide scale in the inner hole of the workpiece, the nozzle 103 of high-pressure water flow in different forms such as columnar and conical shapes can be sprayed by adjusting the water flow speed of the fast solenoid valve 102, and the robot 4 clamps the workpiece to rotate and translate, etc., to achieve better phosphorus removal effect and greater process flexibility.

[0030] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An inner wall dephosphorization device suitable for a deep hole forging workpiece, comprising a foundation (5), an inner wall dephosphorization machine (1) and a robot (4), wherein the inner wall dephosphorization machine (1) is installed in a pit portion of the foundation (5), and the robot (4) is located on the table of the foundation (5) and is higher than the inner wall dephosphorization machine (1), characterized in that: The inner wall dephosphorization machine (1) comprises a water tank (101) and a fast solenoid valve (102) located on one side of the water tank (101).

2. The inner wall dephosphorization equipment suitable for deep hole forging workpieces according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fast solenoid valve (102) is connected to the water tank (101) via a high-pressure water pipeline; the nozzle (103) of the high-pressure water pipeline passes through the side plate of the water tank (101) and is located above the opening of the water tank (101); a high-pressure water interface is also provided on the high-pressure water pipeline, and the high-pressure water interface is located on one side of the fast solenoid valve (102).

3. The inner wall dephosphorization equipment suitable for deep hole forging workpieces according to claim 2 is characterized in that: An energy storage mechanism is provided on one side of the water tank (101), and the energy storage mechanism is connected to the water tank (101) via a bottom plate: the energy storage mechanism comprises an accumulator (106), a three-phase asynchronous motor (104) connected to the accumulator (106), and the accumulator (106) is connected to a high-pressure water interface via an energy supply pipeline.

4. The inner wall dephosphorization equipment suitable for deep hole forging workpieces according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A high-pressure crankshaft pump (105) is provided between the three-phase asynchronous motor (104) and the accumulator (106); the three-phase asynchronous motor (104) is connected to and controls the high-pressure crankshaft pump (105) via a power supply line.

5. The inner wall dephosphorization equipment suitable for deep hole forging workpieces according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A screen (108) is provided below the nozzle (103), and a mesh partition (107) is provided between the screen (108) and the nozzle (103).

6. The inner wall dephosphorization equipment suitable for deep hole forging workpieces according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The water tank (101) is provided with a first box body (110) and a second box body (111) inside, a screen filter plate (109) is provided between the first box body (110) and the second box body (111), and a filtered water pipeline (112) is provided between the second box body (111) and the accumulator (106).

7. The inner wall dephosphorization equipment suitable for deep hole forging workpieces according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The opening of the nozzle (103) is vertically upward, and a deep hole forging (2) is arranged above the opening. The deep hole forging (2) is fixed on the clamping jaw (3) of the robot (4), and the clamping jaw (3) and the robot (4) are connected via a free-degree swing arm (6); the deep hole of the deep hole forging (2) is aligned with the opening of the nozzle (103).

8. A dephosphorization method for inner wall dephosphorization equipment suitable for deep hole forging workpieces according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, the robot (4) carries the deep hole forging (2) and moves to the inner wall dephosphorization machine (1); S2, the clamping jaw (3) clamps the deep hole of the deep hole forging (2) downward to align with the nozzle (103) or moves upward, downward, leftward or rightward to adjust the direction of the deep hole; S3, opening the rapid electromagnetic valve (102), and injecting the high-pressure water in the accumulator (106) into the deep hole through the nozzle (103) to remove phosphorus; S4, the high-pressure wastewater after phosphorus removal is filtered through the mesh plate (107) and the screen (108) and enters the first box (110) of the water tank (101), and the high-pressure wastewater in the first box (110) enters the second box (111) through the screen filter plate (109); S5. The high-pressure waste water in the second box (111) is filtered by the mesh filter plate (109) and then enters the high-pressure crankshaft pump (105) through the filtered water pipe (112). The high-pressure crankshaft pump (105) provides a water source for the accumulator (106), which is pressurized to become high-pressure water for recycling.

9. A dephosphorization method for inner wall dephosphorization equipment suitable for deep hole forging workpieces according to claim 8, characterized in that: In S3, the speed at which the high-pressure water in the accumulator (106) is injected into the deep hole is 0.3L / S-1.5L / S.

10. A dephosphorization method for inner wall dephosphorization equipment of a deep hole forging workpiece according to claim 9, characterized in that: In S3, the length of the deep hole is 200-500 mm, and the diameter of the deep hole is 35-65 mm; the water outlet shape of the nozzle (103) is adjusted by a fast electromagnetic valve (102).

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