Spherical germanium forming equipment, spherical germanium production method and spherical germanium

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of spherical germanium preparation, and discloses spherical germanium forming equipment, a spherical germanium production method and spherical germanium. The spherical germanium forming equipment comprises a smelting unit and a base; a smelting area is arranged in the smelting unit, and the base is located in the smelting area. A containing area which is located above the base and used for containing germanium metal in a solid state is arranged in the smelting area. One or more grooves are formed in the base; the lower part of the groove is a hemispherical cavity, and the upper part of the groove is a cylindrical cavity; the upper surface of the base is an inclined surface; the radius r of the hemispherical cavity ranges from 1.5 mm to 4 mm. When the germanium metal flows into the groove in the form of metal liquid, the volume of the metal liquid contained in the groove is V; v = m * 4 / 3 * pi * r3; and m is equal to 1.25 to 1.63. The volume of the metal liquid contained in the groove is controlled through cooperation of the inclined face and the groove, spherical germanium is formed after the metal liquid in the groove is cooled through the design of the hemispherical cavity of the groove, and the market requirement can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of spherical germanium preparation, and in particular to spherical germanium forming equipment, a spherical germanium production method and spherical germanium. Background Art

[0002] Germanium is an important strategic resource. In contemporary high-tech industries, germanium is widely used in semiconductors, fiber-optic communications, infrared detectors, medical treatment, optics, electronics and other fields. Therefore, the production of germanium crystal materials requires the processing and preparation of various forms of high-purity germanium materials. Among them, small-sized spherical germanium particles can be used as raw materials for evaporation coating of optical lenses, and can also be used as molten raw materials or doping materials for infrared glass materials through precise weighing. However, there are currently relatively few technologies related to the production and research and development of spherical germanium particles, and it is still in a relatively blank stage.

[0003] Prior art 1: Chinese patent application 201910562663.5 discloses a device and method for preparing spherical germanium particles, including a support frame, an isolation tube with openings at both ends, a graphite boat provided with a bottom tip and a through hole at the bottom tip, a plug body with a first air inlet pipe and a second air inlet pipe, a flow controller, a medium frequency induction heating power supply for heating, a temperature sensor for monitoring temperature, a container containing coolant and an agitator. The isolation tube is suspended above the container through the support frame. The preparation method includes the steps of introducing inert gas into the graphite boat and the isolation tube, turning on the medium frequency induction heating power supply to heat and melt germanium, controlling the heating rate by a temperature sensor, and turning on the agitator to disperse and cool the molten germanium droplets falling into the coolant.

[0004] Prior art 1 prepares spherical germanium through the device and the corresponding method for preparing spherical germanium particles. However, the device is not flexible enough and has high cost if used for small-scale production.

[0005] Based on this, in order to improve flexibility and enable the production of spherical germanium to meet the needs of small-scale orders, prior art 2: Chinese patent 202110825994.0 discloses a method for preparing germanium metal spheres, which includes: preparing a mold, the mold is a plate body, the plate body is provided with a U-shaped hole, the U-shaped hole has an opening located on the upper surface of the plate body, a cylinder and a hemisphere; filling the U-shaped hole with germanium oxide; placing a graphite plate in a graphite boat; placing the graphite boat in a horizontal reduction furnace; introducing nitrogen into the horizontal reduction furnace, Excess air in the horizontal reduction furnace is driven away; hydrogen is introduced into the horizontal reduction furnace, and the temperature is increased and kept at about 750°C-780°C to form germanium single substance through reduction reaction, and water formed in the reduction process overflows in gaseous state; hydrogen is kept introduced and the gas outlet of the horizontal reduction furnace is normally vented, and after the reduction reaction is completed, the temperature is increased to between 950°C and 1050°C and kept warm; hydrogen is kept introduced and the gas outlet of the horizontal reduction furnace is normally vented, and gradually cooled to room temperature, and the germanium single substance in the U-shaped hole forms a sphere.

[0006] Prior art 2 uses the hemisphere of the U-shaped hole and the cooling volume expansion of germanium to obtain a nearly spherical germanium ball, and the sphericity of the spherical germanium is improved by the limitation of the hemisphere and the cylinder in the upper half of the U-shaped hole; however, this technology uses powdered germanium oxide as a raw material, and the germanium oxide will first shrink in volume during the process of being reduced to a single germanium substance, and then the germanium cooling volume expansion forms a nearly spherical germanium ball. The purity of the germanium oxide used in this method can only reach 5-6N at most, so the purity of the spherical germanium obtained is not high; currently, high-purity germanium metals are all in the form of solid blocks. If the mold of prior art 2 is used, two problems will arise:

[0007] (1) After melting, too much germanium metal not only fills the U-shaped hole of the mold, but also spreads on the upper surface of the mold, causing the cooled germanium metal to be connected together and unable to form spherical germanium;

[0008] (2) Since the block of germanium metal melts into liquid metal and fills up the U-shaped hole, the volume of the liquid metal in the U-shaped hole is difficult to control, making it difficult to form spherical germanium in the end. Summary of the invention

[0009] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a spherical germanium forming device, through which on the one hand, excess germanium metal liquid can flow out through the inclined surface, and on the other hand, the volume of the germanium metal liquid in the groove can be effectively controlled, thereby controlling the cooling and solidification state of the germanium metal liquid to produce spherical germanium.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing spherical germanium. By using the spherical germanium forming equipment of the present invention to produce spherical germanium, production can be flexibly controlled according to the scale of orders, thereby reducing production costs.

[0011] At the same time, the present invention also provides a spherical germanium with good sphericity and flexible production, which can meet market demand.

[0012] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a spherical germanium forming device, comprising a smelting unit and a base; a smelting area is provided in the smelting unit, and the base is located in the smelting area; a receiving area is provided in the smelting area above the base for placing the solid germanium metal;

[0013] The base is provided with one or more grooves; the lower part of the groove is a hemispherical cavity and the upper part is a cylindrical cavity; the upper surface of the base is an inclined surface; the radius r of the hemispherical cavity is 1.5-4mm;

[0014] When the germanium metal flows into the groove in the form of metal liquid, the volume of the metal liquid contained in the groove is V;

[0015] V=m*4 / 3*π*r 3 ; m=1.25-1.63.

[0016] The present invention can make excess metal liquid after the germanium metal is melted flow out through the inclined surface through the cooperation of the inclined surface and avoid the excess metal liquid covering the upper surface of the graphite boat, which causes the failure to form spherical germanium after subsequent solidification; on the other hand, through the shape design of the groove, the germanium raw material in the groove is gradually formed into spherical germanium during the cooling process, because the structure of the groove forms a hemispherical cavity at the bottom and a cylindrical cavity above the hemispherical cavity, the radius of the hemispherical cavity has a relatively important influence on the cooling and forming of the metal liquid, and then the volume of the metal liquid contained in the groove is controlled through the cooperation of the hemispherical cavity and the cylindrical cavity in the groove, thereby controlling the cooling and forming of the metal liquid to form spherical germanium.

[0017] Preferably, the base is made of one of graphite and quartz materials.

[0018] More preferably, the base is made of graphite with a grayscale between 5 and 20 ppm.

[0019] The base of the present invention can be an integrally formed structure or a split-formed structure; wherein the split-formed structure is preferably divided into an inclined support seat located at the bottom and a plate arranged on the inclined support seat, wherein the inclined surface and the groove are located on the plate. If a split-formed structure is adopted, plates with different numbers of grooves or sizes of grooves can be flexibly replaced according to the quantity requirements of the order, thereby performing small-scale flexible production;

[0020] Furthermore, bases of different sizes can be replaced according to larger scale requirements to meet the production needs of spherical germanium.

[0021] It has been verified through experiments that the technical solution of the present invention can control the volume V of the metal liquid contained in the groove by controlling the inclination angle of the inclined surface, the size of the hemispherical cavity and the cylindrical cavity;

[0022] As a preferred technical solution, the height h of the cylindrical cavity is: 1.5r>h>r.

[0023] Furthermore, when r is 1.5-2 mm, 1.1r>h>r;

[0024] When r is 2-3 mm, 1.2r>h>1.1r;

[0025] When r is 3-4 mm, 1.5r>h>1.2r.

[0026] Since the radius r of the hemispherical cavity has an important influence on the molding size of the spherical germanium, the volume of the metal liquid contained in the groove needs to be changed accordingly to enable the spherical germanium to be molded. Therefore, the height h of the cylindrical cavity needs to be adjusted accordingly according to the radius r of the hemispherical cavity.

[0027] Preferably, the inclination angle of the inclined surface is 3°-30°.

[0028] Further preferably, the inclination angle of the inclined surface is 3°-10°.

[0029] In order to further control the volume of the metal liquid contained in the groove so that the spherical germanium finally cooled and formed has a higher sphericity, the present invention can adjust the volume of the metal liquid contained in the groove with high precision by controlling the inclination angle of the inclined surface, thereby improving the sphericity of the spherical germanium.

[0030] Furthermore, the smelting unit is also provided with a molten metal collecting area; the molten metal collecting area is located on one side of the lowest point of the inclined surface.

[0031] The present invention also discloses a method for producing spherical germanium, which is prepared by the above-mentioned equipment; the containing area is filled with solid germanium metal; the germanium metal is heated to melt to form metal liquid and enter the groove, and the metal liquid in the groove is cooled to form spherical germanium.

[0032] More preferably, the present invention can add germanium metal by means of zone smelting. More specifically, the present invention discloses a method for producing spherical germanium, comprising the following steps:

[0033] Step 1: corroding and cleaning the surface of the solid germanium metal;

[0034] Step 2: placing the solid germanium metal after surface corrosion and cleaning in a containing area, and starting the melting unit for zone melting under an inert gas atmosphere, with a zone melting temperature of 940-1000° C. and a zone melting time of 1-12 hours;

[0035] Step 3: Cool down and solidify to obtain spherical germanium.

[0036] Preferably, the solid germanium metal can be selected from high-purity germanium segments with a purity of 5-6N, 7-8N, or 9-13N according to needs.

[0037] Since the current existing technology for preparing spherical germanium basically uses germanium oxide as a raw material, and the purity of germanium oxide is limited, the purity of the spherical germanium finally obtained will also be limited, and germanium oxide needs to be produced by a reduction method. The reduction, insulation and cooling steps are time-consuming, the production time cost is high, and the use of hydrogen for reduction is expensive and has production safety hazards; therefore, the present invention can directly use high-purity germanium metal to produce spherical germanium. More preferably, the present invention selects a zone melting germanium segment with a resistivity greater than 40Ωcm as the germanium metal raw material.

[0038] In order to further improve the purity of spherical germanium and remove impurities on the surface of spherical germanium, the preparation method of spherical germanium of the present invention further includes step 4: corroding and cleaning the surface of the spherical germanium.

[0039] It should be noted that, since surface etching and cleaning are conventional technical means in the technical field of high-purity germanium preparation, the specific surface etching and cleaning processes will not be described in detail.

[0040] The invention also discloses spherical germanium, which is prepared by adopting the production method of spherical germanium.

[0041] Beneficial Effects

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0043] (1) The present invention discloses a spherical germanium forming device, which controls the volume of the metal liquid contained in the groove by the cooperation of the inclined surface and the groove, and forms spherical germanium after the metal liquid in the groove is cooled by the design of the hemispherical cavity of the groove, which can meet the market demand;

[0044] (2) The present invention can directly use germanium metal as a raw material to produce spherical germanium. The design of the inclined surface and the groove can not only produce spherical germanium, but also discharge excess raw materials through the inclined surface, effectively avoiding the excess material from being spread on the upper surface of the base, making it difficult to form spherical germanium;

[0045] (3) The base and the grooves on the base of the present invention can be adjusted in quantity and size as needed, which is highly flexible and can meet production needs of different scales. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments;

[0047] Figure 1 is a schematic front view of a spherical germanium forming device according to embodiments 1-3 of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 is a schematic top view of a spherical germanium forming device according to Embodiments 1-3 of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional diagram of the groove of Embodiment 1-3 of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 is a schematic front view of a spherical germanium forming device according to Embodiment 4-6 of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 is a product diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 This is a product diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 7 This is a product diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 8 This is a product diagram of Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0055] Fig. 9 This is a product diagram of Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

[0056] Fig.10 This is a product diagram of Example 6 of the present invention;

[0057] Fig.11 This is a product diagram of Comparative Example 1 of the present invention;

[0058] Fig.12 This is a product diagram of Comparative Example 2 of the present invention;

[0059] Fig.13 This is a product diagram of Comparative Example 3 of the present invention;

[0060] Fig.14 It is a product picture of Comparative Example 4 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments, but it does not constitute any limitation to the present invention. Any limited number of modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0062] In order to explain the technical content of the present invention in detail, further description is given below in conjunction with the implementation modes.

[0063] The surface corrosion method adopted by the present invention is: using acetone to clean high-purity germanium, and then using hydrofluoric acid to perform surface corrosion; and using deionized water for cleaning.

[0064] In the following examples and comparative examples, unless otherwise specified, spherical germanium is prepared by the following zone melting steps:

[0065] Step 1: Surface etching and cleaning of the melting zone germanium segment with a resistivity greater than 40Ωcm;

[0066] Step 2: Place the zone melting germanium segment in the receiving area of ​​the spherical germanium forming equipment, then introduce nitrogen to form a nitrogen protective atmosphere, start zone melting, set the zone melting temperature to 950°C, and the zone melting time to 3 hours;

[0067] Step 3: Cooling and solidification to obtain spherical germanium;

[0068] Step 4: Surface etching and cleaning of the spherical germanium;

[0069] During step 2 and step 3, nitrogen was continuously introduced at a nitrogen flow rate of 8 L / min.

[0070] The spherical germanium forming equipment used in Examples 1-3 can be referred to Figure 1-2 and Figure 4 On this basis, the groove is improved in Example 4-6. The spherical germanium forming equipment used in Example 4-6 can refer to Figure 3 It should be noted that the difference between the spherical germanium forming equipment used in Examples 1-3 of the present invention and the spherical germanium forming equipment used in Examples 4-6 is the difference caused by the difference in the inclination angle of the groove, which leads to a difference in the shape of the cylindrical cavity, but the structure of the hemispherical cavity is essentially the same.

[0071] Example 1

[0072] A spherical germanium forming device comprises a smelting unit 1 and a base 2; a smelting area is provided in the smelting unit 1, and the base 2 is located in the smelting area; a receiving area 3 is provided in the smelting area and is located above the base 2 and is used to place germanium metal in a solid state; 14 grooves 4 are provided on the base 2; the lower part of the groove 4 is a hemispherical cavity 5 and the upper part is a cylindrical cavity 6; the upper surface of the base 2 is an inclined surface 7; the radius r of the hemispherical cavity 5 is 1.8 mm, and the height h of the cylindrical cavity 6 is 1.9 mm; the inclination angle of the inclined surface 7 is 30°;

[0073] The smelting unit 1 is further provided with a molten metal collecting area 8 ; the molten metal collecting area 8 is located on one side of the lowest part of the inclined surface 7 .

[0074] Example 2

[0075] A spherical germanium forming device comprises a smelting unit 1 and a base 2; a smelting area is provided in the smelting unit 1, and the base 2 is located in the smelting area; a receiving area 3 is provided in the smelting area and is located above the base 2 and is used to place germanium metal in a solid form;

[0076] The base 2 is provided with 14 grooves 4; the lower part of the groove 4 is a hemispherical cavity 5 and the upper part is a cylindrical cavity 6; the upper surface of the base 2 is an inclined surface 7; the radius r of the hemispherical cavity 5 is 1.8 mm, and the height h of the cylindrical cavity 6 is 1.91 mm; the inclination angle of the inclined surface 7 is 10°;

[0077] The smelting unit 1 is further provided with a molten metal collecting area 8 ; the molten metal collecting area 8 is located on one side of the lowest part of the inclined surface 7 .

[0078] Example 3

[0079] A spherical germanium forming device comprises a smelting unit 1 and a base 2; a smelting area is provided in the smelting unit 1, and the base 2 is located in the smelting area; a receiving area 3 is provided in the smelting area and is located above the base 2 and is used to place germanium metal in a solid form;

[0080] The base 2 is provided with 14 grooves 4; the lower part of the groove 4 is a hemispherical cavity 5 and the upper part is a cylindrical cavity 6; the upper surface of the base 2 is an inclined surface 7; the radius r of the hemispherical cavity 5 is 1.8 mm, and the height h of the cylindrical cavity 6 is 2.07 mm; the inclination angle of the inclined surface 7 is 10°;

[0081] The smelting unit 1 is further provided with a molten metal collecting area 8 ; the molten metal collecting area 8 is located on one side of the lowest part of the inclined surface 7 .

[0082] Example 4

[0083] A spherical germanium forming device comprises a smelting unit 1 and a base 2; a smelting area is provided in the smelting unit 1, and the base 2 is located in the smelting area; a receiving area 3 is provided in the smelting area and is located above the base 2 and is used to place germanium metal in a solid form;

[0084] The base 2 is provided with 14 grooves 4; the lower part of the groove 4 is a hemispherical cavity 5 and the upper part is a cylindrical cavity 6; the upper surface of the base 2 is an inclined surface 7; the radius r of the hemispherical cavity 5 is 1.8 mm, the cylindrical cavity 6 has a long side at a higher side and a short side at a lower side, and the height h of the short side is 1.91 mm; the inclination angle of the inclined surface 7 is 10°;

[0085] The smelting unit 1 is further provided with a molten metal collecting area 8 ; the molten metal collecting area 8 is located on one side of the lowest part of the inclined surface 7 .

[0086] Example 5

[0087] A spherical germanium forming device comprises a smelting unit 1 and a base 2; a smelting area is provided in the smelting unit 1, and the base 2 is located in the smelting area; a receiving area 3 is provided in the smelting area and is located above the base 2 and is used to place germanium metal in a solid form;

[0088] The base 2 is provided with 14 grooves 4; the lower part of the groove 4 is a hemispherical cavity 5 and the upper part is a cylindrical cavity 6; the upper surface of the base 2 is an inclined surface 7; the radius r of the hemispherical cavity 5 is 2.5 mm, the cylindrical cavity 6 has a long side at a higher side and a short side at a lower side, and the height h of the short side is 2.88 mm; the inclination angle of the inclined surface 7 is 10°;

[0089] The smelting unit 1 is further provided with a molten metal collecting area 8 ; the molten metal collecting area 8 is located on one side of the lowest part of the inclined surface 7 .

[0090] Example 6

[0091] A spherical germanium forming device comprises a smelting unit 1 and a base 2; a smelting area is provided in the smelting unit 1, and the base 2 is located in the smelting area; a receiving area 3 is provided in the smelting area and is located above the base 2 and is used to place germanium metal in a solid form;

[0092] The base 2 is provided with 14 grooves 4; the lower part of the groove 4 is a hemispherical cavity 5 and the upper part is a cylindrical cavity 6; the upper surface of the base 2 is an inclined surface 7; the radius r of the hemispherical cavity 5 is 3.5 mm, the cylindrical cavity 6 has a long side at a higher side and a short side at a lower side, and the height h of the short side is 4.9 mm; the inclination angle of the inclined surface 7 is 3°;

[0093] The smelting unit 1 is further provided with a molten metal collecting area 8 ; the molten metal collecting area 8 is located on one side of the lowest part of the inclined surface 7 .

[0094] Comparative Example 1

[0095] A spherical germanium forming device comprises a smelting unit and a mold in Chinese Patent 202110825994.0; a smelting area is provided in the smelting unit, and the mold is located in the smelting area; a receiving area is provided in the smelting area above the mold for placing germanium metal in solid form;

[0096] In this comparative example, less germanium metal in solid form is used to avoid too much germanium metal being spread on the upper surface of the mold, which causes most of the germanium metal to be connected into one piece after cooling.

[0097] Comparative Example 2

[0098] It is generally the same as Embodiment 2, except that the inclination angle of the inclined surface 7 is 40°.

[0099] Comparative Example 3

[0100] It is generally the same as Example 4, except that the height h of the short side is 2.88 mm.

[0101] Comparative Example 4

[0102] It is substantially the same as Example 4, except that the height h of the short side is 1.44 mm.

[0103] The spherical germanium forming equipment of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-4 was used to produce spherical germanium by regional melting to obtain products. The products obtained in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were photographed. The results are as follows: Figure 5-14 ;

[0104] according to Figure 5-Figure 10 It can be seen that the technical solution of the present invention and the specific solutions of Examples 1-6 can all obtain spherical germanium with relatively uniform size and a certain sphericity; among them, the spherical germanium obtained in Examples 2 and 5 has a higher sphericity. Since the groove in the base used in Example 4 is vertically arranged, the volume of the molten metal liquid contained therein is better calculated and controlled, so its sphericity is slightly better than that of Example 2. The reason is that the groove is vertically arranged to ensure that the cross-section of the horizontal plane where the metal solution contacts the air is circular rather than elliptical, which is conducive to the shrinkage of the small ball in a spherical shape.

[0105] According to the pictures of Example 1 and Example 2 ( Figure 5 and Figure 6 ) By comparison, it can be seen that when the inclination angle of the inclined surface of Example 1 is large, the metal liquid in the groove is reduced, and the spherical germanium formed by cooling is relatively flat;

[0106] According to the pictures of Example 2 and Example 3 ( Figure 6 and Figure 7 ) By comparison, it can be seen that when r is 1.5-2 mm, if h is greater than 1.1r, there will be too much metal liquid in the groove, which will cause some burrs to appear on the spherical germanium after cooling;

[0107] According to the pictures of Example 2 and Comparative Example 1 ( Figure 6 and Fig.11 ) It can be seen from the comparison that if the inclined surface is not set, the residual material is difficult to remove, resulting in low sphericity of the spherical germanium after cooling and forming, uneven size, and easy connection between the two grooves, and the spherical germanium product that meets the requirements cannot be obtained. In addition, the amount and position of the added raw materials must be controlled with high precision during the process, and the production difficulty is high.

[0108] According to the pictures of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 ( Figure 6 and Fig.12 ) It can be seen from the comparison that if the inclination angle of the inclined surface is too large, it will be difficult to control the amount of metal liquid in the groove, resulting in the products obtained in Comparative Example 2 being of different sizes, with obvious shape defects and some being flat.

[0109] According to the pictures of Example 4 and Comparative Example 3 ( Figure 8 and Fig.13 ) By comparison, it can be seen that in Example 3, due to the excessive space of the cylindrical cavity, there is too much metal liquid in the groove, which makes it difficult to control the shape of the metal liquid during the shrinkage process, resulting in products of different sizes, low sphericity, and uneven shape, which is difficult to meet the usage requirements of downstream customers.

[0110] According to the pictures of Example 4 and Comparative Example 4 ( Figure 8 and Fig.14 ) By comparison, it can be seen that in Example 4, due to the small space of the cylindrical cavity, there is too little metal liquid in the groove, and the product after cooling and forming is severely flattened and has a very low sphericity, which is difficult to meet the usage requirements of downstream customers.

[0111] The embodiments presented herein are only embodiments selected according to the combination of all possible embodiments. The appended claims should not be limited by the embodiments describing the present invention. Some numerical ranges used in the claims include sub-ranges therein, and the changes in these ranges should also be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A spherical germanium forming device, characterized in that: It comprises a smelting unit and a base; the smelting unit is provided with a smelting area, the base is located in the smelting area; the smelting area is provided with a containing area located above the base for placing the solid germanium metal; The base is provided with one or more grooves; the lower part of the groove is a hemispherical cavity and the upper part is a cylindrical cavity; the upper surface of the base is an inclined surface; the radius r of the hemispherical cavity is 1.5-4mm; When the germanium metal flows into the groove in the form of metal liquid, the volume of the metal liquid contained in the groove is V; V=m*4 / 3*π*r 3 ;m=1.25-1.63。 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The base is made of one of graphite and quartz.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The height h of the cylindrical cavity is: 1.5r>h>r.

4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that When r is 1.5-2 mm, 1.1r>h>r; When r is 2-3 mm, 1.2r>h>1.1r; When r is 3-4 mm, 1.5r>h>1.2r.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The inclination angle of the inclined surface is 3°-30°.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The inclination angle of the inclined surface is 3°-10°.

7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The smelting unit is also provided with a metal liquid collecting area; the metal liquid collecting area is located on one side of the lowest point of the inclined surface.

8. A method for producing spherical germanium, characterized in that: The preparation is carried out using the equipment described in any one of claims 1 to 7; the containing area is filled with solid germanium metal; the germanium metal is heated to melt it to form metal liquid and enter the groove, and the metal liquid in the groove is cooled to form spherical germanium.

9. A spherical germanium, characterized in that: The spherical germanium is prepared by the production method of spherical germanium as claimed in claim 8.

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