Assembly type building component balance hoisting system and hoisting method

Abstract

The invention provides a balance hoisting system and method for fabricated building components, and belongs to the technical field of building construction. The balance hoisting system comprises a main bearing frame, a plurality of adjustable hoists and four auxiliary hoists; two cross beams and a plurality of vertical beams are arranged on the main bearing frame; the adjustable hoisting device comprises a hoisting rope, a winding and unwinding mechanism, a clamping hook and a transverse supporting structure, the winding and unwinding mechanism is fixedly installed on the vertical beam, the hoisting rope is connected with the winding and unwinding mechanism, the clamping hook is installed on the hoisting rope, and the transverse supporting structure is installed on the prefabricated stair; the auxiliary hoisting device comprises a mounting block body, a swing rod, a push-pull mechanism, an extension rod and a driving mechanism, the mounting block body is mounted on the cross beam, and the swing rod is rotationally connected to the mounting block body; the driving mechanism is connected with the swing rod, the push-pull mechanism is installed on the swing rod, the extension rod is installed below the swing rod, and a supporting plate is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the extension rod. According to the assembly type building component balance hoisting system, the levelness and safety of the prefabricated staircase in the moving and hoisting process are high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, and more specifically, relates to a balanced hoisting system and a hoisting method for assembled building components. Background Art

[0002] Prefabricated buildings refer to buildings that transfer a large amount of on-site work in traditional construction methods to factories, where building components and accessories (such as floor slabs, wall panels, stairs, balconies, etc.) are processed and manufactured in the factory, transported to the construction site, and assembled and installed on site through reliable connection methods.

[0003] At present, when lifting vertical or horizontal building components, a crane and a balance beam are used to lift the vertical and horizontal building components. A plurality of slings are arranged on the balance beam, and the plurality of slings are connected to the vertical and horizontal building components. The crane is started to lift the vertical and horizontal building components to the installation position. However, this lifting method is more convenient and accurate for relatively standard building components such as vertical and horizontal building components. However, when lifting special-shaped building components such as prefabricated stairs, the horizontality of the prefabricated stairs is difficult to ensure during the process of lifting the prefabricated stairs using a crane, a balance beam and a plurality of slings, which makes it difficult to accurately place the prefabricated stairs at the installation position. At the same time, the safety of the prefabricated stairs is also low during transportation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a balanced hoisting system and a hoisting method for assembled building components, so as to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art of low levelness and low safety during the hoisting of prefabricated stairs.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a prefabricated building component balanced hoisting system, including a main load-bearing frame, a plurality of adjustable hoists, and four auxiliary hoists;

[0006] The main bearing frame is used to connect with the crane, and is provided with two parallel and spaced cross beams and a plurality of vertical beams installed between the two cross beams;

[0007] The adjustable hoist is installed on the vertical beam and is used to correspond to the steps on the prefabricated stairs; a plurality of the adjustable hoists are grouped in pairs, and the plurality of groups of the adjustable hoists are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the main load-bearing frame, and the two adjustable hoists in the same group are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the main load-bearing frame; the adjustable hoist comprises a lifting rope, a retracting mechanism, a hook and a cross bracing structure, the retracting mechanism is fixedly installed on the vertical beam, the upper end of the lifting rope is connected to the retracting mechanism and the lower end extends downward, and the hook is installed on the lower end of the lifting rope; the cross bracing structure is used to be installed on the lower end surface of the prefabricated stairs, and the hook is connected to the corresponding end of the cross bracing structure;

[0008] The four auxiliary hoists are respectively installed at the two ends of the two beams, and two of them form a group; the auxiliary hoists include a mounting block, a swing rod, a push-pull mechanism, an extension rod and a driving mechanism, the mounting block is installed on the beam, the upper end of the swing rod is rotatably connected to the mounting block, and the lower end extends downward; the driving mechanism is connected to the swing rod and is used to drive the swing rod to rotate; the push-pull mechanism is installed on the swing rod, the extension rod is installed below the swing rod and is connected to the free end of the push-pull mechanism; the lower end of the extension rod is fixed with a support plate that is clamped on the lower end surface of the horizontal protruding end of the prefabricated stairs.

[0009] In a possible implementation, an escape cavity is provided between two adjacent vertical beams, the lifting rope is passed through the escape cavity, and the free end of the retractable mechanism protrudes out of the vertical beam and is located above the escape cavity.

[0010] In a possible implementation, a guide cylinder located in the avoidance cavity is provided on the side wall of the vertical beam, and the guide cylinder is arranged vertically; the lifting rope is passed through the guide cylinder, and the inner cylinder wall of the lifting rope guide cylinder is slidably connected.

[0011] In a possible implementation, a plurality of horizontal abutment surfaces are provided on the inclined surface at the lower end of the prefabricated staircase, and two connecting holes are arranged through the step surface of the prefabricated staircase, and the connecting holes pass through the horizontal abutment surfaces; the cross-bracing structure includes a transverse plate, two connecting rods respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the transverse plate, and two connecting rings respectively installed at the upper ends of the two connecting rods, the transverse plate is installed on the horizontal abutment surface, and the two connecting rods are respectively inserted into the two connecting holes, and the connecting ring is located above the prefabricated staircase; the hook is connected to the connecting ring from top to bottom.

[0012] In a possible implementation, both sides of the crossbeam are provided with inwardly recessed mounting grooves, and the driving mechanism and the mounting block are installed in the mounting grooves; the mounting block is provided with a groove, and the lower end of the crossbeam is provided with an avoidance notch connected to the mounting groove, and the avoidance notch is connected to the groove; the upper end of the swing arm is installed in the groove and is provided with a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the mounting block; the driving mechanism is connected to the rotating shaft; the lower end of the swing arm passes through the avoidance notch and extends downward; the depth of the avoidance notch is greater than or equal to the depth of the groove.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the lower end of the swing rod is provided with an upwardly extending accommodating cavity and a sliding cavity, and the accommodating cavity and the sliding cavity are arranged in parallel; the push-pull mechanism is fixedly installed in the accommodating cavity, and the upper end of the extension rod is provided with a sliding rod slidably connected to the sliding cavity.

[0014] In a possible implementation, a pad extending horizontally outward is provided on one side of the mounting block, and the mounting block is slidably connected to the beam, and the driving mechanism is installed on the pad; the auxiliary hoist also includes a linear drive installed on the beam, and the free end of the linear drive is connected to the mounting block.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the prefabricated building component balanced lifting system provided by the present invention are as follows: compared with the prior art, the prefabricated building component balanced lifting system of the present invention, when working, first installs a cross bracing structure on the lower end surface of the prefabricated staircase; two retracting and releasing mechanisms are respectively installed on each vertical beam, and a mounting block and a push-pull mechanism are arranged on the cross beam; and a swing rod is installed on the mounting block, a driving mechanism is installed on the swing rod, and an extension rod is installed on the swing rod; a crane is connected to the two cross beams, and the main bearing frame is manipulated to move to just above the prefabricated staircase; the retracting and releasing mechanism is started to move the lifting rope downward until the lower ends of the two lifting ropes in the same group are connected to the two ends of the corresponding cross bracing structure; and the release length of the lifting rope is set to change according to the arrangement inclination of the stairs, so that the levelness of the prefabricated stairs during the lifting process is higher. Start the crane to pull up the prefabricated stairs, start the driving mechanism to control the upper end of the swing arm to rotate outward and be in an inclined state, start the push-pull mechanism to control the extension rod to extend outward in a direction away from the swing arm, so that the support plate is lower than the corresponding lower end surface of the horizontal protruding end in the horizontal direction; then start the driving mechanism to control the swing arm to return to a vertical state, and the four support plates are respectively located below the corresponding horizontal protruding ends of the prefabricated stairs, start the push-pull mechanism to control the extension rod and the support plate to move up until the support plate is supported on the lower end surface of the horizontal protruding end from bottom to top; with the help of the four support plates, the two horizontal protruding ends on the prefabricated stairs are firmly and stably supported, and under the action of the support plates, the hoisting process of the prefabricated stairs is also made to have a high levelness. Then, the crane is started to move the prefabricated stairs to the top of the installation position, and the extension rod is rotated and linearly moved by means of the push-pull mechanism and the driving mechanism to be located above the corresponding horizontal protruding end; the swing rod and the extension rod are then manipulated to rotate toward the inside of the main bearing frame by means of the driving mechanism, so that the entire auxiliary hoist avoids the left and right sides of the prefabricated stairs; finally, the retracting and releasing mechanism is started at the same time to make the multiple lifting ropes fall down synchronously, and the prefabricated stairs are kept in a horizontal state and installed on the installation position. In this way, the prefabricated stairs are hoisted using multiple adjustable hoists and four auxiliary hoists, so that the levelness of the prefabricated stairs moving and hoisting process is higher, and the hoisting process is also safer.

[0016] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for balanced hoisting of assembled building components, comprising any one of the above-mentioned balanced hoisting systems for assembled building components, and further comprising:

[0017] S1: Install the cross bracing structure on the lower end surface of the prefabricated staircase; install two retractable mechanisms on the vertical beams of the main bearing frame respectively, and set the mounting block and the push-pull mechanism on the cross beam; and install the swing rod on the mounting block, the driving mechanism on the swing rod, and the extension rod on the swing rod;

[0018] S2: Connect the crane to the two beams, and manipulate the main bearing frame to move to the top of the prefabricated staircase; start the retracting mechanism to move the lifting rope downward until the lower ends of the two lifting ropes in the same group are connected to the two ends of the corresponding cross bracing structure; the release length of any two lifting ropes in different groups is equal to the height difference between the two steps corresponding to the prefabricated staircase;

[0019] S3: Start the crane to pull up the prefabricated stairs, start the driving mechanism to control the upper end of the swing rod to rotate outward and be in an inclined state, start the push-pull mechanism to control the extension rod to extend outward in a direction away from the swing rod; then start the driving mechanism to control the swing rod to return to a vertical state, and the four support plates are respectively located below the corresponding horizontal protruding ends of the prefabricated stairs, start the push-pull mechanism to control the extension rod and the support plates to move up until the support plates are supported from bottom to top on the lower end surface of the horizontal protruding ends; the height difference between the two support plates in different groups is equal to the height difference between the two horizontal protruding ends;

[0020] S4: Start the crane to move the prefabricated staircase to the top of the installation position, start the push-pull mechanism and the drive mechanism to make the extension rod be located above the corresponding horizontal protruding end; start the drive mechanism to control the swing rod and the extension rod to rotate toward the inside of the main bearing frame, so that the auxiliary hoist avoids the left and right sides of the prefabricated staircase;

[0021] S5: The retracting and releasing mechanisms are simultaneously activated to cause the plurality of lifting ropes to fall downward synchronously, and the prefabricated stairs are kept in a horizontal state and installed on the installation position.

[0022] In a possible implementation, in step S3, a plurality of pressure sensors are provided on the upper end surface of the pallet, and the plurality of pressure sensors are arranged in a rectangular array along the length and width directions of the pallet; a control unit is provided on the crane, and the retracting and extending mechanism and the pressure sensors are both connected to the control unit.

[0023] In a possible implementation, an inclined extrusion surface is provided on the lower end surface of the support plate; in step S4, after the swing rod and the extension rod are rotated toward the inner side of the main support frame, the inclined extrusion surface is arranged horizontally; in step S5, after the prefabricated stairs are installed on the installation position, the push-pull mechanism is started to cause the inclined extrusion surface to apply pressure on the horizontal protruding end of the prefabricated stairs.

[0024] The method for balancing and hoisting prefabricated building components provided by the present invention adopts a balanced hoisting system for prefabricated building components. When in use, the crane is connected to the two crossbeams, and the main bearing frame is controlled to move to the top of the prefabricated staircase; the retracting mechanism is started to move the hoisting rope downward until the lower ends of the two hoisting ropes in the same group are connected to the two ends of the corresponding cross bracing structure, so that the levelness of the prefabricated staircase during the hoisting process is relatively high. The crane is started to pull up the prefabricated staircase, and the driving mechanism and the push-pull mechanism are started to control the swing rod and the extension rod to rotate and move until the support plate is supported from bottom to top on the lower end surface of the horizontal protruding end; the two horizontal protruding ends on the prefabricated staircase are firmly and stably supported by four support plates, and the hoisting process of the prefabricated staircase is also relatively level under the action of the support plates. Then, the crane is started to move the prefabricated stairs to the top of the installation position, and the extension rod is rotated and linearly moved by means of the push-pull mechanism and the driving mechanism to be located above the corresponding horizontal protruding end; the swing rod and the extension rod are then manipulated to rotate toward the inside of the main bearing frame by means of the driving mechanism, so that the entire auxiliary hoist avoids the left and right sides of the prefabricated stairs; finally, the retracting and releasing mechanism is simultaneously started to make the multiple lifting ropes fall down synchronously, and the prefabricated stairs are kept in a horizontal state and installed on the installation position. In this way, the prefabricated stairs are hoisted using multiple adjustable hoists and four auxiliary hoists, so that the levelness of the prefabricated stairs moving and hoisting process is higher, and the hoisting process is also safer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0026] Figure 1 A front view of a balanced hoisting system for assembled building components provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A top view of a balanced hoisting system for assembled building components provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the use status of the prefabricated building component balance hoisting system provided by the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the use status of the prefabricated building component balance hoisting system provided by the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0030] Figure 5A schematic diagram of the connection between the extension rod and the support plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a prefabricated staircase provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Among them, the reference numerals in the figure are:

[0033] 1. Main bearing frame; 11. Crossbeam; 12. Vertical beam; 13. Avoidance cavity; 14. Guide cylinder; 15. Installation groove; 16. Recess; 17. Avoidance gap; 2. Adjustable hoist; 21. Lifting rope; 22. Retracting and releasing mechanism; 23. Hook; 24. Cross bracing structure; 25. Transverse plate; 26. Connecting rod; 27. Connecting ring; 3. Auxiliary hoist; 31. Mounting block; 311. Pad; 32. Swing rod; 33. Push-pull mechanism; 34. Extension rod; 341. Slide rod; 35. Driving mechanism; 36. Support plate; 361. Inclined extrusion surface; 362. Pressure sensor; 37. Rotating shaft; 38. Accommodating cavity; 39. Sliding cavity; 4. Prefabricated stairs; 41. Horizontal abutment surface; 42. Connecting hole; 43. Horizontal protruding end; 44. Step. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0036] It should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by terms such as "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0037] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0038] See also Figures 1 to 6 , the prefabricated building component balanced hoisting system provided by the present invention is now described. A prefabricated building component balanced hoisting system includes a main bearing frame 1, a plurality of adjustable hoists 2, and four auxiliary hoists 3; the main bearing frame 1 is used to connect with a crane, and the main bearing frame 1 is provided with two parallel and spaced horizontal beams 11 and a plurality of vertical beams 12 installed between the two horizontal beams 11; the adjustable hoists 2 are installed on the vertical beams 12 and are used to correspond to the steps 44 on the prefabricated stairs 4; the plurality of adjustable hoists 2 are grouped in pairs, and the plurality of groups of adjustable hoists 2 are spaced along the length direction of the main bearing frame 1, and the two adjustable hoists 2 in the same group are spaced along the width direction of the main bearing frame 1; the adjustable hoist 2 includes a lifting rope 21, a retracting mechanism 22, a hook 23 and a cross bracing structure 24, the retracting mechanism 22 is fixedly installed on the vertical beam 12, the upper end of the lifting rope 21 is connected to the retracting mechanism 22 and the lower end extends downward, the hook 23 is arranged Installed on the lower end of the lifting rope 21; the cross bracing structure 24 is used to be installed on the lower end surface of the prefabricated staircase 4, and the hook 23 is connected to the corresponding end of the cross bracing structure 24; four auxiliary hoists 3 are respectively installed at the two ends of the two beams 11, and two are in a group; the auxiliary hoist 3 includes a mounting block 31, a swing rod 32, a push-pull mechanism 33, an extension rod 34 and a driving mechanism 35, the mounting block 31 is installed on the beam 11, the upper end of the swing rod 32 is rotatably connected to the mounting block 31, and the lower end extends downward; the driving mechanism 35 is connected to the swing rod 32 and is used to drive the swing rod 32 to rotate; the push-pull mechanism 33 is installed on the swing rod 32, and the extension rod 34 is installed below the swing rod 32 and is connected to the free end of the push-pull mechanism 33; the lower end of the extension rod 34 is fixed with a support plate 36 that is clamped on the lower end surface of the horizontal protruding end 43 of the prefabricated staircase 4.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the balanced hoisting system for prefabricated building components provided by the present invention is as follows: when working, a cross bracing structure 24 is first installed on the lower end surface of the prefabricated staircase 4; two retracting and releasing mechanisms 22 are respectively installed on each vertical beam 12, and a mounting block 31 and a push-pull mechanism 33 are provided on the cross beam 11; and a swing rod 32 is installed on the mounting block 31, a driving mechanism 35 is installed on the swing rod 32, and an extension rod 34 is installed on the swing rod 32; a crane is connected to the two cross beams 11, and the main bearing frame 1 is manipulated to move to the top of the prefabricated staircase 4; the retracting and releasing mechanism 22 is started to move the lifting rope 21 downward until the lower ends of the two lifting ropes 21 of the same group are connected to the two ends of the corresponding cross bracing structure 24; and the release length of the lifting rope 21 is set to change according to the arrangement inclination of the stairs, so that the levelness of the prefabricated staircase 4 during the hoisting process is higher. Start the crane to pull up the prefabricated staircase 4, start the driving mechanism 35 to control the upper end of the swing arm 32 to rotate outward and be in an inclined state, start the push-pull mechanism 33 to control the extension rod 34 to extend outward in the direction away from the swing arm 32, so that the support plate 36 is lower than the lower end surface of the corresponding horizontal protruding end 43 in the horizontal direction; then start the driving mechanism 35 to control the swing arm 32 to return to the vertical state, and the four support plates 36 are respectively located below the corresponding horizontal protruding ends 43 of the prefabricated staircase 4, start the push-pull mechanism 33 to control the extension rod 34 and the support plate 36 to move up until the support plate 36 is supported on the lower end surface of the horizontal protruding end 43 from bottom to top; with the help of the four support plates 36, the two horizontal protruding ends 43 on the prefabricated staircase 4 are firmly and stably supported, and under the action of the support plates 36, the hoisting process of the prefabricated staircase 4 is also made to have a high levelness. Then, the crane is started to move the prefabricated staircase 4 to the top of the installation position, and the extension rod 34 is rotated and linearly moved by means of the push-pull mechanism 33 and the drive mechanism 35 to be located above the corresponding horizontal protruding end 43; the swing rod 32 and the extension rod 34 are then manipulated to rotate toward the inside of the main bearing frame 1 by means of the drive mechanism 35, so that the entire auxiliary hoist 3 avoids the left and right sides of the prefabricated staircase 4; finally, the retracting and releasing mechanism 22 is started at the same time to make multiple lifting ropes 21 fall down synchronously, and the prefabricated staircase 4 is kept in a horizontal state and installed on the installation position. In this way, the prefabricated staircase 4 is hoisted using multiple adjustable hoists 2 and four auxiliary hoists 3, so that the levelness of the prefabricated staircase 4 moving and hoisting process is higher, and the hoisting process is also safer.

[0040] The lifting rope 21 is a rope used for lifting made of steel wire rope or synthetic fiber. The lifting rope 21 of this structure has a strong load-bearing capacity, is more flexible to operate, and has good wear resistance.

[0041] See also Figure 2 and Figure 4As a specific implementation of the balanced lifting system of prefabricated building components provided by the present invention, an avoidance cavity 13 is provided between two adjacent vertical beams 12, a lifting rope 21 is passed through the avoidance cavity 13, a free end of a retracting mechanism 22 protrudes outside the vertical beam 12 and is located above the avoidance cavity 13; a plurality of vertical beams 12 are installed between two horizontal beams 11 and arranged at intervals, so that an avoidance cavity 13 is formed between two adjacent vertical beams 12; a retracting mechanism 22 is installed at both ends of each vertical beam 12, an upper end of the lifting rope 21 is wound around the retracting mechanism 22, and a lower end passes downward through the avoidance cavity 13 and extends toward the prefabricated staircase 4; with the help of the avoidance cavity 13, the lifting rope 21 will not be disturbed during use. The retracting and releasing mechanism 22 includes a shell, a motor, a gear assembly and a turntable. The turntable is rotatably connected to the shell, and one side of the turntable protrudes toward the avoidance cavity 13 and is located above the avoidance cavity 13, so that there is a certain distance between the lifting rope 21 and the side wall of the vertical beam 12, so that the lifting rope 21 can be used stably and safely.

[0042] See also Figures 1 to 4 As a specific embodiment of the prefabricated building component balance hoisting system provided by the present invention, a guide cylinder 14 located in the avoidance cavity 13 is provided on the side wall of the vertical beam 12, and the guide cylinder 14 is arranged vertically; the lifting rope 21 is inserted into the guide cylinder 14, and the lifting rope 21 is connected with the inner cylinder wall of the guide cylinder 14 by sliding fit; two guide cylinders 14 are arranged in each avoidance cavity 13, and the two guide cylinders 14 correspond to the two retracting mechanisms 22 one by one; one side of the guide cylinder 14 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the vertical beam 12. When the lifting rope 21 passes through the avoidance cavity 13, it passes into the guide cylinder 14, and when the retracting mechanism 22 is started, closed or adjusted by means of the guide cylinder 14, the shaking of the upper end of the lifting rope 21 will cause an obstruction on the guide cylinder 14, so that the lower end of the lifting rope 21 and the prefabricated staircase 4 are not disturbed or affected.

[0043] See also Figures 1 to 6As a specific embodiment of the prefabricated building component balanced lifting system provided by the present invention, a plurality of horizontal abutment surfaces 41 are provided on the lower end inclined surface of the prefabricated staircase 4, and two connecting holes 42 are arranged through the surface of the step 44 of the prefabricated staircase 4, and the connecting holes 42 pass through the horizontal abutment surface 41; the cross bracing structure 24 includes a transverse plate 25, two connecting rods 26 respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the transverse plate 25, and two connecting rings 27 respectively installed at the upper ends of the two connecting rods 26, the transverse plate 25 is installed on the horizontal abutment surface 41, and the two connecting rods 26 are respectively inserted into the two connecting holes 42, and the connecting ring 27 is located above the prefabricated staircase 4; the hook 23 is connected to the connecting ring 27 from top to bottom; the lower end of the prefabricated staircase 4 is an inclined surface corresponding to the multiple steps 44, and multiple receiving grooves are provided on the inclined surface, and the bottom surface of the receiving groove is a horizontal abutment surface 41; and the connecting hole 42 on the prefabricated staircase 4 passes through the steps 44 and the horizontal abutment surface 41, and the transverse plate 25 of the cross bracing structure 24 is matched and installed on the horizontal abutment surface 41, and the connecting rod 26 moves upward through the connecting hole 42; the upper end of the connecting rod 26 is provided with a connecting ring 27 located above the step 44, and the hook 23 at the lower end of the lifting rope 21 is used to clamp the connecting ring 27 together, so that the multiple lifting ropes 21 can reliably connect the prefabricated staircase 4. With the help of the horizontal abutment surface 41, the transverse plate 25 is installed firmly and is not easy to slide sideways, making the hoisting process of the prefabricated staircase 4 more stable and safe.

[0044] See also Figure 1 and Figure 3As a specific embodiment of the prefabricated building component balanced lifting system provided by the present invention, both sides of the crossbeam 11 are provided with inwardly recessed installation grooves 15, and the driving mechanism 35 and the installation block 31 are installed in the installation grooves 15; a groove 16 is provided on the installation block 31, and the lower end of the crossbeam 11 is provided with an avoidance gap 17 connected to the installation groove 15, and the avoidance gap 17 is connected to the groove 16; the upper end of the swing rod 32 is installed in the groove 16 and is provided with a rotating shaft 37 rotatably connected to the installation block 31; the driving mechanism 35 is connected to the rotating shaft 37; the lower end of the swing rod 32 passes through the avoidance gap 17 and extends downward; the depth of the avoidance gap 17 is greater than or equal to the depth of the groove 16; the crossbeam 11 adopts an I-beam, and the interior of the I-beam is formed as a mounting groove 15, and the driving mechanism 35 and the installation block 31 are installed in the mounting groove 15, so that the driving mechanism 35 and the installation block 31 are hidden and stored inside the crossbeam 11. A relief notch 17 connected to the mounting groove 15 is provided at the lower end of the crossbeam 11, and a groove 16 corresponding to and connected to the relief notch 17 is provided on the mounting block 31; the upper end of the swing rod 32 passes through the relief notch 17 from bottom to top and enters the groove 16 on the mounting block 31, and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 37 in the groove 16; in this way, the swing rod 32 and the extension rod 34 will not protrude outside the crossbeam 11, avoiding interference with the installation of the prefabricated staircase 4. In addition, the depth of the relief notch 17 is set to be greater than the depth of the groove 16, so that the upper end of the swing rod 32 can rotate on both the left and right sides along the width direction of the crossbeam 11. The driving mechanism 35 adopts a motor, and the motor is connected to the rotating shaft 37 through a coupling, a reducer, etc.

[0045] See also Figure 1 and Figure 3As a specific embodiment of the prefabricated building component balance hoisting system provided by the present invention, the lower end of the swing rod 32 is provided with an upwardly extending accommodating cavity 38 and a sliding cavity 39, and the accommodating cavity 38 and the sliding cavity 39 are arranged in parallel; the push-pull mechanism 33 is fixedly installed in the accommodating cavity 38, and the upper end of the extension rod 34 is provided with a sliding rod 341 slidably connected with the sliding cavity 39; the push-pull mechanism 33 is installed in the accommodating cavity 38 from bottom to top, and the free end extends downward; the extension rod 34 is arranged upward from the bottom of the swing rod 32 , and the slide bar 341 on the extension rod 34 is slidably connected into the sliding cavity 39 of the swing rod 32, and the extension rod 34 is fixedly connected to the free end of the push-pull mechanism 33; the push-pull mechanism 33 is started to manipulate the extension rod 34 to move in the direction away from the swing rod 32 or close to the swing rod 32, and under the coordinated installation of the slide bar 341 and the sliding cavity 39, the extension rod 34 moves smoothly and accurately; at the same time, the support plate 36 at the lower end of the extension rod 34 acts on the horizontal protruding end 43 of the prefabricated staircase 4 more stably. The number of sliding cavities 39 is set to be multiple, and they are arranged around the accommodating cavity 38, and the slide bar 341 is arranged one by one with the sliding cavity 39. The push-pull mechanism 33 adopts an oil cylinder, and an oil circuit connected to the oil inlet and oil outlet of the oil cylinder is opened on the swing rod 32, and the oil pipe is laid along the outer side of the crane and connected to the oil circuit.

[0046] See also Figure 2 and Figure 4 As a specific embodiment of the prefabricated building component balance hoisting system provided by the present invention, a pad 311 extending horizontally outward is provided on one side of the mounting block 31, and the mounting block 31 is slidably connected to the beam 11, and the driving mechanism 35 is installed on the pad 311; the auxiliary hoist 3 also includes a linear driver installed on the beam 11, and the free end of the linear driver is connected to the mounting block 31; the driving mechanism 35 is fixedly installed on the pad 311 on one side of the mounting block 31, so that the mounting block 31 and the driving mechanism 35 are connected as a whole, and a linear driver is provided on one side of the mounting block 31, and the free end of the linear driver is connected to the mounting block 31; the linear driver is started to act on the mounting block 31, driving the mounting block 31 to move on the beam 11, so that it can act on different positions of the horizontal protruding end 43. The linear driver adopts an electric push rod or a cylinder.

[0047] Not shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for balanced hoisting of assembled building components, the method for balanced hoisting of assembled building components comprising any one of the above-mentioned balanced hoisting systems for assembled building components, and further comprising:

[0048] S1: Install a cross brace structure 24 on the lower end surface of the prefabricated staircase 4; install two retractable mechanisms 22 on the vertical beams 12 of the main bearing frame 1, respectively, and set a mounting block 31 and a push-pull mechanism 33 on the horizontal beam 11; and install a swing rod 32 on the mounting block 31, a driving mechanism 35 on the swing rod 32, and an extension rod 34 on the swing rod 32;

[0049] S2: Connect the crane to the two beams 11, and manipulate the main bearing frame 1 to move to the top of the prefabricated staircase 4; start the retracting mechanism 22 to move the lifting rope 21 downward until the lower ends of the two lifting ropes 21 in the same group are connected to the two ends of the corresponding cross bracing structure 24; the release length of any two lifting ropes 21 in different groups is equal to the height difference between the two steps 44 corresponding to the prefabricated staircase 4;

[0050] S3: Start the crane to pull up the precast staircase 4, start the driving mechanism 35 to control the upper end of the swing rod 32 to rotate outward and be in an inclined state, start the push-pull mechanism 33 to control the extension rod 34 to extend outward in the direction away from the swing rod 32; then start the driving mechanism 35 to control the swing rod 32 to return to a vertical state, and the four support plates 36 are respectively located below the corresponding horizontal protruding ends 43 of the precast staircase 4, start the push-pull mechanism 33 to control the extension rod 34 and the support plates 36 to move upward until the support plates 36 are supported on the lower end surface of the horizontal protruding ends 43 from bottom to top; the height difference between the two support plates 36 of different groups is equal to the height difference between the two horizontal protruding ends 43;

[0051] S4: Start the crane to move the prefabricated staircase 4 to the top of the installation position, start the push-pull mechanism 33 and the driving mechanism 35 to make the extension rod 34 be located above the corresponding horizontal protruding end 43; start the driving mechanism 35 to control the swing rod 32 and the extension rod 34 to rotate toward the inside of the main bearing frame 1, so that the auxiliary hoist 3 avoids the left and right sides of the prefabricated staircase 4;

[0052] S5: The retracting and releasing mechanisms 22 are simultaneously activated to cause the plurality of lifting ropes 21 to fall downward synchronously, and the prefabricated staircase 4 is kept in a horizontal state and installed at the installation position.

[0053] The method for balancing and assembling prefabricated building components provided by the embodiment of the present invention adopts the above-mentioned balancing and assembling system for balancing and assembling prefabricated building components. When in use, the crane is connected to the two cross beams 11, and the main bearing frame 1 is controlled to move to the top of the prefabricated staircase 4; the retracting and releasing mechanism 22 is started to move the lifting rope 21 downward until the lower ends of the two lifting ropes 21 in the same group are connected to the two ends of the corresponding cross bracing structure 24, so that the levelness of the prefabricated staircase 4 is high during the lifting process. The crane is started to pull up the prefabricated staircase 4, and the driving mechanism 35 and the push-pull mechanism 33 are started to control the swing rod 32 and the extension rod 34 to rotate and move until the support plate 36 is supported from bottom to top on the lower end surface of the horizontal protruding end 43; the two horizontal protruding ends 43 on the prefabricated staircase 4 are firmly and stably supported by the four support plates 36, and the levelness of the lifting process of the prefabricated staircase 4 is also high under the action of the support plates 36. Then, the crane is started to move the prefabricated staircase 4 to the top of the installation position, and the extension rod 34 is rotated and linearly moved by means of the push-pull mechanism 33 and the drive mechanism 35 to be located above the corresponding horizontal protruding end 43; the swing rod 32 and the extension rod 34 are then manipulated to rotate toward the inside of the main bearing frame 1 by means of the drive mechanism 35, so that the entire auxiliary hoist 3 avoids the left and right sides of the prefabricated staircase 4; finally, the retracting and releasing mechanism 22 is started at the same time to make multiple lifting ropes 21 fall down synchronously, and the prefabricated staircase 4 is kept in a horizontal state and installed on the installation position. In this way, the prefabricated staircase 4 is hoisted using multiple adjustable hoists 2 and four auxiliary hoists 3, so that the levelness of the prefabricated staircase 4 moving and hoisting process is higher, and the hoisting process is also safer.

[0054] See also Figure 5 As a specific implementation of the method for balanced hoisting of prefabricated building components provided by the present invention, in step S3, a plurality of pressure sensors 362 are provided on the upper end surface of the support plate 36, and the plurality of pressure sensors 362 are arranged in a rectangular array along the length direction and the width direction of the support plate 36; a control unit is provided on the crane, and the retracting mechanism 22 and the pressure sensors 362 are both connected to the control unit; a plurality of pressure sensors 362 are provided on the upper end surface of the support plate 36, and after the support plate 36 acts on the horizontal protruding end 43 of the prefabricated staircase 4 from bottom to top, the pressure sensors 362 generate signals and transmit them to the control unit of the hoisting system, and the control unit analyzes and processes the signals to identify and determine whether the prefabricated staircase 4 is in a horizontal state. Specifically, when the force values ​​of the pressure sensors 362 on the support plate 36 are consistent (including within a certain error range), it is determined that the prefabricated staircase 4 is in a horizontal state. When there is a significant difference in the force values ​​of the pressure sensors 362 on the support plate 36, or the force values ​​of some pressure sensors 362 are much greater than or less than the specified value, it is determined that the prefabricated staircase 4 is in an inclined state. And according to the force values ​​of the multiple pressure sensors 362, the multiple retracting and releasing mechanisms 22 are activated to control the lifting ropes 21 to be retracted and released, so as to adjust the horizontality of the prefabricated stairs 4.

[0055] See also Figures 1 to 5 As a specific embodiment of the method for balanced lifting of prefabricated building components provided by the present invention, an inclined extrusion surface 361 is provided on the lower end surface of the support plate 36; in step S4, after the swing rod 32 and the extension rod 34 rotate toward the inner side of the main bearing frame 1, the inclined extrusion surface 361 is arranged horizontally; in step S5, after the prefabricated staircase 4 is installed on the installation position, the push-pull mechanism 33 is started to make the inclined extrusion surface 361 exert pressure on the horizontal protruding end 43 of the prefabricated staircase 4; after the prefabricated staircase 4 is installed on the installation position, the swing rod 32 and the extension rod 34 are rotated toward the inner side of the main bearing frame 1, so that the inclined extrusion surface 361 is transformed into a horizontal plane arrangement, the push-pull mechanism 33 is started to control the extension rod 34 and the support plate 36 to move from top to bottom, and the horizontally arranged inclined extrusion surface 361 acts on the upper end surface of the horizontal protruding part of the prefabricated staircase 4, so that the prefabricated staircase 4 can be installed more quickly and firmly.

[0056] When using the method for balanced lifting of assembled building components, the work relies on the console installed in the control room. The console monitors the status and position of the lifting system and building components in real time based on the Internet of Things technology and remote monitoring technology to ensure the controllability and safety of the construction process. The console is equipped with a display module, a data analysis module, a data processing module, etc., and the crane is equipped with a camera for monitoring the building components. The adjustable hoist and the auxiliary hoist are equipped with sensors for monitoring the horizontality, verticality and installation gap of the building components. The camera and the sensor transmit data information to the console, and the display module on the console displays the status of the building components and the installation effect. After the data analysis module, the data processing module, etc. analyze and process the data, the adjustable hoist and the auxiliary hoist are started to move, so that the installation and transportation process of the building components has a higher construction accuracy and higher safety, thereby further realizing automation and intelligence, reducing manual intervention, improving construction efficiency and quality, and reducing safety risks and costs.

[0057] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A balanced lifting system for assembled building components, characterized in that: It includes a main load-bearing frame, multiple adjustable hoists, and four auxiliary hoists; The main bearing frame is used to connect with the crane, and is provided with two parallel and spaced cross beams and a plurality of vertical beams installed between the two cross beams; The adjustable hoist is mounted on the vertical beam and is used to correspond to the steps on the prefabricated stairs; A plurality of the adjustable hoists are grouped in pairs, and the plurality of groups of the adjustable hoists are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the main load-bearing frame, and the two adjustable hoists in the same group are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the main load-bearing frame; the adjustable hoist comprises a lifting rope, a retracting mechanism, a hook and a cross bracing structure, the retracting mechanism is fixedly mounted on the vertical beam, the upper end of the lifting rope is connected to the retracting mechanism and the lower end extends downward, and the hook is mounted on the lower end of the lifting rope; the cross bracing structure is used to be mounted on the lower end surface of the prefabricated stairs, and the hook is connected to the corresponding end of the cross bracing structure; The four auxiliary hoists are respectively installed at the two ends of the two beams, and two of them form a group; the auxiliary hoists include a mounting block, a swing rod, a push-pull mechanism, an extension rod and a driving mechanism, the mounting block is installed on the beam, the upper end of the swing rod is rotatably connected to the mounting block, and the lower end extends downward; the driving mechanism is connected to the swing rod and is used to drive the swing rod to rotate; the push-pull mechanism is installed on the swing rod, the extension rod is installed below the swing rod and is connected to the free end of the push-pull mechanism; the lower end of the extension rod is fixed with a support plate that is clamped on the lower end surface of the horizontal protruding end of the prefabricated stairs.

2. The prefabricated building component balanced hoisting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An escape cavity is provided between two adjacent vertical beams, the lifting rope is passed through the escape cavity, and the free end of the retractable mechanism protrudes out of the vertical beam and is located above the escape cavity.

3. The prefabricated building component balanced hoisting system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide cylinder located in the avoidance cavity is provided on the side wall of the vertical beam, and the guide cylinder is arranged vertically; the lifting rope is passed through the guide cylinder, and the inner cylinder wall of the lifting rope guide cylinder is slidably matched and connected.

4. The prefabricated building component balanced hoisting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of horizontal abutment surfaces are arranged on the inclined surface at the lower end of the prefabricated staircase, and two connecting holes are arranged through the step surface of the prefabricated staircase, and the connecting holes pass through the horizontal abutment surfaces; the cross-bracing structure includes a transverse plate, two connecting rods respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the transverse plate, and two connecting rings respectively installed at the upper ends of the two connecting rods, the transverse plate is installed on the horizontal abutment surface, and the two connecting rods are respectively inserted into the two connecting holes, and the connecting ring is located above the prefabricated staircase; the hook is connected to the connecting ring from top to bottom.

5. The prefabricated building component balanced hoisting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the crossbeam are provided with inwardly recessed mounting grooves, and the driving mechanism and the mounting block are installed in the mounting grooves; the mounting block is provided with a groove, and the lower end of the crossbeam is provided with an avoidance notch connected to the mounting groove, and the avoidance notch is connected to the groove; the upper end of the swing arm is installed in the groove and is provided with a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the mounting block; the driving mechanism is connected to the rotating shaft; the lower end of the swing arm passes through the avoidance notch and extends downward; the depth of the avoidance notch is greater than or equal to the depth of the groove.

6. The prefabricated building component balanced hoisting system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower end of the swing rod is provided with an upwardly extending accommodating cavity and a sliding cavity, and the accommodating cavity and the sliding cavity are arranged in parallel; the push-pull mechanism is fixedly installed in the accommodating cavity, and the upper end of the extension rod is provided with a sliding rod slidably connected to the sliding cavity.

7. The prefabricated building component balanced hoisting system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A pad extending horizontally outward is provided on one side of the mounting block, and the mounting block is slidably connected to the beam, and the driving mechanism is installed on the pad; the auxiliary hoist also includes a linear driver installed on the beam, and the free end of the linear driver is connected to the mounting block.

8. A method for balanced hoisting of assembled building components, characterized in that: The method comprises the prefabricated building component balanced hoisting system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising: S1: Install the cross bracing structure on the lower end surface of the prefabricated staircase; install two retractable mechanisms on the vertical beams of the main bearing frame respectively, and set the mounting block and the push-pull mechanism on the cross beam; and install the swing rod on the mounting block, the driving mechanism on the swing rod, and the extension rod on the swing rod; S2: Connect the crane to the two beams, and manipulate the main bearing frame to move to the top of the prefabricated staircase; start the retracting mechanism to move the lifting rope downward until the lower ends of the two lifting ropes in the same group are connected to the two ends of the corresponding cross bracing structure; the release length of any two lifting ropes in different groups is equal to the height difference between the two steps corresponding to the prefabricated staircase; S3: Start the crane to pull up the prefabricated stairs, start the driving mechanism to control the upper end of the swing rod to rotate outward and be in an inclined state, start the push-pull mechanism to control the extension rod to extend outward in a direction away from the swing rod; then start the driving mechanism to control the swing rod to return to a vertical state, and the four support plates are respectively located below the corresponding horizontal protruding ends of the prefabricated stairs, start the push-pull mechanism to control the extension rod and the support plates to move up until the support plates are supported from bottom to top on the lower end surface of the horizontal protruding ends; the height difference between the two support plates in different groups is equal to the height difference between the two horizontal protruding ends; S4: Start the crane to move the prefabricated staircase to the top of the installation position, start the push-pull mechanism and the drive mechanism to make the extension rod be located above the corresponding horizontal protruding end; start the drive mechanism to control the swing rod and the extension rod to rotate toward the inside of the main bearing frame, so that the auxiliary hoist avoids the left and right sides of the prefabricated staircase; S5: The retracting and releasing mechanisms are simultaneously activated to cause the plurality of lifting ropes to fall downward synchronously, and the prefabricated stairs are kept in a horizontal state and installed on the installation position.

9. The method for balanced hoisting of assembled building components according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S3, a plurality of pressure sensors are provided on the upper end surface of the pallet, and the plurality of pressure sensors are arranged in a rectangular array along the length and width directions of the pallet; a control unit is provided on the crane, and the retracting and extending mechanism and the pressure sensors are both connected to the control unit.

10. The method for balanced hoisting of assembled building components according to claim 8, characterized in that: An inclined extrusion surface is provided on the lower end surface of the support plate; in step S4, after the swing rod and the extension rod are rotated toward the inner side of the main bearing frame, the inclined extrusion surface is arranged horizontally; In step S5, after the prefabricated staircase is installed on the installation position, the push-pull mechanism is started to cause the inclined extrusion surface to apply pressure to the horizontal protruding end of the prefabricated staircase.

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